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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 9th English Solutions Poem Chapter 6 The Comet

The Comet Poem Line By Line Explanation

The Comet Warm Up:

Fill in the crossword puzzle using the clues given below.

Across:
2. Earth’s only natural satellite
3. Morning star
6. Titan is the largest moon of
9. Smaller bodies in orbit around the Sun
10. The star at the centre of solar system
11. The Blue planet
12. Largest planet in the solar system

Down:
1. Smallest planet in the Solar system
2. Our Galaxy
4. Seventh planet from the sun
5. Distance travelled by light in a vacuum in one tropical year
7. Farthest planet in the Solar system
8. The Red planet

Answers:

The Comet And The Moon Poem Questions And Answers

A. Memories the first three stanzas of the poem.
B. Read the following lines from the poem and answer the questions in a sentence or two.

1. “Rampaging through the heavens Never stopping day or night, ”

The Comet Poem Summary Question (a).
How does the comet travel?
Answer:
The comet travels through the sky, making a lot of noise and causing damage.

The Comet Poem Stanza Wise Explanation Question (b).
Which word could you replace ‘rampaging’ with?
a. charging b. rolling c. speeding d. flying
Answer:
Rampaging can be replaced with charging.

2. “Faster than a cheetah With a tail that’s miles long.”

The Comet Poem Question (a)
Why is the comet compared to a cheetah?
Answer:
Comet is compared with the cheetah due to its speed.

The Comet Poem Questions And Answers Question (b).
Whose tail is compared here?
Answer:
Comet’s tail is compared here.

3. “With shockwave reaching to the ground Causing the land to quake”

Comet Poem 9th Class Question (a).
What is reaching to the ground?
Answer:
The shockwave produced by the comet reaches the ground.

The Comet Poem Line By Line Explanation Question (b).
What is causing the land to quake?
Answer:
The shockwave causes the earth to quake.

4. “In the dust they leave behind,
Could have started life on the earth Which resulted in mankind”

Comet Poem Summary Question (a).
What does the word ‘they’ refer to?
Answer:
They refers to the comet.

The Comet Poem 9th Standard Question (b).
According to scientists, how did life start on earth?
Answer:
According to scientists, life started on earth by the dust left behind by these comets.

5. “But I know no better spectacle Than a comet in full flight”

The Comet Poem Explanation Question (a).
Who does ‘I’ refer to?
Answer:
‘I’ refers to the poet, Norman Little ford.

The Comet Poem Figures Of Speech Question (b).
What is the best spectacle mentioned in the above lines?
Answer:
The best spectacle is the comet in full flight.

The Comet And The Moon Poem Questions And Answers Additional Questions

1. “A spectacle of a lifetime A comet in full flight.”

9th English The Comet Poem Question (a).
Why is it considered a ‘spectacle of a life time’?
Answer:
The word spectacle indicates an unusual event that attracts attention. Hence it is considered a spectacle of a life time.

The Comet Poem Lines Question (b).
Describe a comet?
Answer:
Comets are small, fragile, irregularly shaped bodies composed of a mixture of frozen gases.

2. “The outer ice is melting Causing vapor from the force, ”

The Comet Poem Stanza Wise Summary Question (a).
Why is the outer ice melting?
Answer:
The outer ice is found around the comet and it is melting because it speeds past the sun.

The Comet Poem Summary In English Question (b).
Why is the vapor spelt without an ‘u’?
Answer:
‘Vapor’ is spelt without an ‘u’ since the poet Norman Littleford is an American.

3. “Rampaging through the heavens Never stopping day or night,
A spectacle of a lifetime A comet in full flight. ”

Comet Poem Question (a).
Pick out the rhyming words in the above lines.
Answer:
The rhyming words are night and flight.

9th Std English Poem The Comet Question (b).
Give the rhyme scheme of the above stanza.
Answer:
‘abcb’ is the rhyme scheme of the above stanza.

The Comet Poem Question Answers Question (c).
Mention the poetic device employed in the last line.
Answer:
The poetic device employed in the last line is Alliteration.

4. “If one should come too close to earth
The atmosphere will shake,
With shockwave reaching to the ground .
Causing the land to quake.”

The Comet Poem Figure Of Speech Question (a).
What does ‘one’ refer to?
Answer:
‘One’ refers to the comet in full flight.

The Comet Poem Rhyme Scheme Question (b).
Why shouldn’t a comet come too close to earth?
Answer:
A comet shouldn’t come too close to the earth since it will shake the atmosphere.

The Comet Poem By Norman Littleford Question (c).
Pick out the rhyming words.
Answer:
‘shake’ and ‘quake’ are the rhyming words.

5. “Scientists say the chemicals In the dust they leave behind,
Could have started life on the earth Which resulted in mankind.”

The Comet By Norman Littleford Summary Question (a).
What do the scientist feel?
Answer:
The scientists feel that the mankind started to emerge in this earth only from the chemicals left behind in the dust caused by the comets, when they fell on the earth.

9th English Poem The Comet Question (b)
Give the rhyme scheme of the above stanza.
Answer:
‘abcb’ is the rhyme scheme of the above stanza.

Question (c).
Give the rhyming word for behind.
Answer:
The rhyming word for behind is mankind.

C. Complete the summary by filling in the given spaces with suitable words/phrases given below.

The poet describes a moving comet which speeds through the heavens and never takes a break
by (1) ……………………When a comet is in full flight, it gives a (2) ………………….. which can never be compared to anything else for a lifetime. The comet is compared to (3) …………………….. for its speed and a mountain as it is (4) ………………. The (5) ………………… melts which causes a vapour from the force and leaves behind (6) ………………… as it travels on its way. If it comes very close to the atmosphere, it causes a shake which in turn produces a (7) ………………… that reach the Earth’s surface. According to the (8) ………………. the comets leave behind chemicals in the form of dust which resulted in the (9) ……………….. on earth and mankind came into existence. But the poet is not sure whether this principle is true. or not but he knows for sure that whatever the truth may be, the sight of the comet in full flight is the (10) …………………….. .
Answers

1. day or night
2. spectacular scene
3. a cheetah
4. powerful and strong
5. outer ice
6. a trail
7. shockwave
8. scientists
9. emerging of life
10. best spectacular

D. Poem appreciation

If one should come too close to earth
The atmosphere will shake,
With shock wave reaching to the ground
Causing the land to quake.

Question 1.

Pick out the rhyming words.
Answer:
Shake and quake are the rhyming words.

Question 2.
Mention the rhyme scheme of the stanza.
Answer:
‘abcb’ is the rhyme scheme of the above stanza.

Question 3.
When you read the poem aloud, you can feel/hear a rhythm. What according to you gives rhythm to the poem- the rhymes or the words in a line. Support your answer with examples from the poem.
Answer:
When I read the poem aloud, I feel a musical rhythm and feel a regular pattern of sound. This is due to the number of syllables in lines 1 and 3 which is similar to the number of syllables in lines 2 and 4.

Additional:

Question 4.
What will happen when a comet will fall on the earth?
Answer:
If the comet were to hit the Earth, it would cause a huge explosion.

E. Answer the following questions in about 80-100 words.

Question 1.
Narrate how the poet describes the comet.
Answer:
According to the poet, Norman Little ford, the comet is a remarkable scene for the generation to see when it is in full speed. It speeds past through the blue skies day and night without stopping. The poet says that the cheetah is not as fast as the comet. He instills the fact that the comet has a long tail which is more than a mile. The poet speaks about the strength of the comet and says that it is like a mountain, strong and powerful. The outer covering of ice melts when the comet goes near the sun.

Question 2.
Give a detailed account of the various effects caused by the comet to the earth.
Answer:
As the comet speeds past, the poet says the outer ice covering melts, causing steam from the energy. It leaves a trail behind it as it travels on its course. If a comet comes close to the earth, the atmosphere will vibrate, sending shockwave to the ground. It will also cause the land on earth to tremor. Scientists feel that the comets leave behind chemicals in the dust. This could have been the reason for life on the earth resulting in mankind.

Listening Activity:

F. Listen to the passage on ‘Comet’ and fill in the blanks by choosing the correct answer.

(For listening to the passage refer to our website www.fullcircleeducation. in) Comets, meteors and asteroids have several things in common. First, they are believed to be remnants of the materials that created the Sun and the planets. Basically, they’re leftovers. Comets, meteors and asteroids are too small to be planets. Some are only a few feet in size, while others are a mile or more long.
Comets are mostly made of ice. They are very old. As comets travel close to the Sun, some of the ice melts off and becomes a gas. This melting process causes bits of dust and debris to trail behind the comet. This tail can be seen in the night sky as a bright, quickly-moving light. Comets orbit at the very edge of the galaxy, past Pluto.

1. Comets are believed to be remnants of the materials created by the ………………….. .
(a) Moon
(b) Sun
(c) Star
(d) Asteroids
Answer:
(b) Sun

2. Comets are mostly made of ………………….. .
(a) dust
(b) ice
(c) sand
(d) snow
Answer:
(b) ice

3. The ………………. can be seen in the night sky as a bright, quickly-moving light.
(a) head
(b) star
(c) tail
(d) wings
Answer:
(c) tail

4. Comets orbit at the very edge of the galaxy, past the …………………… .
(a) Earth
(b) Neptune
(c) Pluto
(d) Saturn
Answer:
(c) Pluto

5. State whether the statement is true or false
The melting process causes bits of dust and debris to trail behind the comet.
Answer:
True

Speaking:

G. Imagine you are interviewing an astronaut about his/her experiences in space. Select a partner to be an astronaut and present the interview as a role-play in front of the class.

Interviewer: How does it feel to be the first Indian to have accomplished this feat?
Astronaut: I feel unfortunate for the scientific community. I feel that my flight was before its time since our country’s space programme was not mature enough at that point to launch a space shuttle.
Interviewer: What was the reaction of your parents at this news?
Astronaut: It is indeed a moment of pride to represent the country, however they too knew the dangers behind it. Hence it was mixed verifications.
Interviewer: Is it different to travel in a space shuttle and an aeroplane?
Astronaut: There is immense difference. The environment of space cannot be duplicated on the earth. Hence training isn’t practical when it comes to the gravitational force. It’s tough to manage but you know you have no other go and your focus is on the achievement.
Interviewer: What are the qualities that you would credit your success to?
Astronaut: When you are in Rome be a Roman is the most important quality you need. Be bold, be optimistic and realize that you are the chosen one to create opportunities and make history.
Interviewer: How did your parents influence your personality and your choice of career?
Astronaut: They never forced me into a career of their choice. They allowed me to go after my passion and stood by my side to explore the unknown world.
Interviewer: Thank you so much for taking time off your busy schedule.

Writing:

H. Imagine that you and your friend get a chance to visit another planet. There you befriend an alien who takes you around the planet. After reaching the earth, write a letter thanking him for all the help he did.

02-01-2019
Earth

Dear Alien,
‘I am glad that Jack and myself met you at Mars. I am sure we would have been lost without you. You were such a great moral and physical strength. Thanks for being a constant support to us. We are so glad to have found a friend in you. You made our journey memorable. We reached Earth safely last week and we felt we should thank you for all that you did for us when we were in Mars. Hope you too miss us just as we keep talking about you often and miss you so much. Do visit us in our planet Earth. Mother Earth is filled with greenery because of the water resources which is more than the land here.
Thank you for taking us around in Mars. It was great learning about the red planet, the fourth planet from the sun. I am surprised that there are high mountains and the deep, long valleys in the solar system.
I hope to come again though it’s impossible. I seem to be dreaming of dwelling there and I keep imagining myself to be in conversation with you. Jack sends his wishes to you and feels the same for your friendship. Hoping to see you soon and take care.

Yours lovingly,
Chandran

The Comet by Norman Littleford About The Poet:

Norman Littleford (18 May 1889 – 20 May 1947) was an American poet, born in Maryland, USA. Most of his works focused on life and nature. His poems are simple but deep in thought and provoke the readers to absorb the ideas beyond the usual.

The Comet Poem Summary In English By Norman Littleford

The poet here speaks about the spectacular sight of a comet in full speed. The poet observes how the comet rampages through heavens continuously day and night. It moves faster than a cheetah with a tail that is miles long. It is as powerful and strong like a mountain. The outer ice melts, whose vapour leaves a long trail on its course. In case a comet approaches the Earth, it will shake the atmosphere and the shockwave will lead to an earthquake. Scientists believe that the chemicals left behind by the comet have given rise to life on Earth. The poet is not sure if that is true. However, he is well aware of the fact, that the passage of a comet is the best spectacular sight ever seen in his life.

The Comet Glossary:

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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Solutions Prose Chapter 1 His First Flight

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His first flight Warm up:

1. Marco Polo. Christopher Columbus, Ibis Battuta, Amerigo Vespucci, Xuanzang. Ferdinand Magellan. Bartolomeu Dias, Herodotus. Captain James Cook. Vasco DeGama What is common among these individuals? Browse Internet or refer books and share some information about them.
Answer:
Marco Polo was an Italian merchant, explorer, and writer, bom in the Republic of Venice. Christopher Columbus was an Italian explorer, navigator and colonist, who completed four voyages across the Atlantic Ocean under the auspices of the Catholic Monarchs of Spain. Ibn Battuta was a Muslim Moroccan scholar and explorer, who widely travelled the medieval world.

Amerigo Vespucci was a Florentine merchant and navigator, who made at least two transatlantic trips to the New World, voyages that inspired cartographer Martin Wardseemiiller to label the new continent “America” in 1507. Xuanzang was a Chinese Buddhist monk, scholar, traveller and translator, who travelled to India in the seventh century and described the interaction between Chinese Buddhism and Indian Buddhism during the early Tang Dynasty.

Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan set out from Spain in 1519 to discover a western sea route to the Spice Islands. En route he discovered what is now known as the Strait of Magellan and became the first European to cross the Pacific Ocean. Bartolomeu Dias was a Portugese navigator whose 1487-88 Atlantic voyage around the southern tip of Africa opened sea routes between Europe and Asia.

Herodotus is the ancient writer and reporter called “The Father of History.” He was a colorful writer and commentator; his most famous work, The Histories, remains a widely-read account of ancient facts and legends of the Persian invasion of ancient Greece.

Captain James Cook was an English naval explorer whose expeditions in the 1770s charted much of the lands of the Pacific, including New Zealand, Australia and Hawaii. Naval commander Vasco da Gama’s 1497 expedition from Lisbon opened a route to India and led to Portugese dominance of the Eastern spice trade.

2. Discuss, why it was considered as an adventurous and dangerous thing to travel in those days?
Answer:
Those days it was considered as an adventurous and dangerous thing to travel because there wasn’t any means of instantaneous communication while travelling

3. Mahatma Gandhi. Che Guevera. Guru Nanak and Gauthama Buddha are some of the famous personalities and thinkers who made extensive journeYs to understand life. Do you think journeys can be life changing?
Answer:
Yes, Journeys can be life changing since you gain a lot of experience while travelling and meeting different people who follow different traditions, religious practices, food habits and culture.

4. Share a memorable trip from your life.
Answer:
One of my memorable trip is to Matheran near Navi Mumbai. It is a pollution-free hillstation and you travel up the mountain top either by walk or on horses and ponies. No vehicles are allowed and even your daily needs are brought by wheelbarrows. It is this part that really pains your heart to see men pulling and pushing wheelbarrows. It is a rare sight to see the sunset and the sunrise at different points. The mountain train is also a treat to our eyes apart from the scenic beauty we experience every moment.

5. Have you ever been on an adventurous journey? 1f yes. Share your experience
Answer:
My adventurous journey is to Darjeeling when the sun plays truant most of the time and you are at the mercy of nature. Many a times, the tour plan turned topsy-turvy and we had to pitch tent in the thick forest and pray to stay safe.

6. That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind Neil Armstrong – Discuss
Answer:
Armstrong personally meant that for being just one man, all that was required was “one small step” from the lowest stair of his spaceship’s ladder, and suddenly he was standing on the Moon. But for humanity as a whole, Armstrong served as a representative: when he stepped onto the Moon, at the same time it was humanity touching the Moon. It was a total advancement for human technology, ambition, and wonder.

7. Have you ever seen a bird making it’s first ever attempt to fly?
Answer:
No, I have not seen it but I surely can imagine the number of failed attempts before it succeeds.

His First Flight InText Questions

10th English His First Flight Question Answer Question (a).
Why did the seagull fail to fly?
Answer:
The young seagull hesitated and feared to fly. He thought that his wings would not support him. Hence the sea gull failed to fly.

10th English Guide Question (b).
What did the parents do, when the young seagull failed to fly?
Answer:
The young sea gull’s parents regularly taunted him for his cowardice and threatened to leave him alone starving at the ledge unless he flew away.

10th English Unit 1 Prose Question Answer Question (c).
What was the first catch of the young seagull’s older brother?
Answer:
The first catch of the young seagull’s older brother was herring, a type of fish.

His First Flight Book Back Answers Question (d).
What did the young seagull manage to find in his search for food on the ledge?
Answer:
The young seagull managed to find a dried piece of mackerel’s tail at the far end of his ledge.

His First Flight Book Back Question And Answer Question (e).
What did the young bird do to seek the attention of his parents?
Answer:
The young bird stepped slowly out to the brink of the ledge and standing on one leg with the other leg hidden under his wing, he closed one eye, then the other, and pretended to be falling asleep. He would trot back and forth from one end of the ledge to the other, his long gray legs stepping daintily to seek the attention of his parents.

His First Flight Samacheer Kalvi Question (f).
What made the young seagull go mad?
Answer:
The young sea gull’s mother tore at a piece of fish that lay at her feet, and then scraped each side of her beak on the rock. The sight of the food on the mother’s beak maddened the young seagull.

His First Flight Questions Answers For Class 10 Samacheer Question (g).
Why did the young bird utter a joyful scream?
Answer:
The seagull was quite hungry and yearned for food. When he saw a piece of fish in the beak of his mother, the sight was quite tempting and suddenly dived at the fish forgetting that he didn’t know how to fly and uttered a joyful scream falling outwards and downwards into space.

10th English Guide Pdf Question (h).
Did the mother bird offer any food to the young bird?
Answer:
Yes, the mother bird offered a piece of fish to the young bird.

10th English His First Flight Paragraph Question (i).
How did the bird feel when it started flying for the first time?
Answer:
The bird was seized with fear for a moment and could feel the tips of his wings cut through the air. The next moment he was fearless, though felt a bit dizzy, flapped his wings to soar up and down with a joyous scream.

10th English 1st Lesson Question (j).
What did the young bird’s family do when he started flying?
Answer:
The family saw the young seagull making his first flight and floating on the ocean. They flew and landed on the water just ahead of him. They were beckoning to him with a shrill voice. They were praising and rewarding him by offering scraps of fish to him.

His First Flight Textual Questions

A. Answer the following questions in a sentence or two.

His First Flight Paragraph Answers Question 1.
How was the young seagull’s first attempt to fly?
Answer:
The young seagull was very hungry. So he dived at the fish that was in his mother’s beak. But he fell into space and became terribly afraid. His heart stood still. He could hear nothing for just a minute. The next moment he felt his wings spread outwards and began to fly up and down fearless into the sky.

English Guide For Class 10 Question 2.
How did the parents support and encourage the young seagull’s brothers and sister?
Answer:
The young seagull’s parents flew about with his brothers and sister perfecting them in the art of flight. They taught them how to skim the waves and how to dive for fish. When his older brother caught his first herring and devoured it, his parents circled around raising a proud cackle.

10th English Book Back Answers Question 3.
Give an instance that shows the pathetic condition of the young bird.
Answer:
The young bird, starving for a day, finds a dried piece of mackerel’s tail at the far end of his ledge. He searches in vain the area where he was hatched and gnaws at the dried pieces of eggshell. He is in a pathetic state calling plaintively when he isn’t unable to reach his mother tearing at a piece of fish.

10th English His First Flight Question 4.
How did the bird try to reach its parents without having to fly?
Answer:
The young bird trotted back and forth from one end of the ledge to the other with his long grey legs stepping daintily, trying to find some means of reaching his parents without having to fly.

10th English Guide Pdf Download Question 5.
Do you think that the young seagull’s parents were harsh to him? Why?
Answer:
No, the young seagull’s parents weren’t harsh to him. They were just teaching him a lifetime learning experience which is vital for his survival.

Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Book Answers Question 6.
What prompted the young seagull to fly finally?
Answer:
The young seagull was extremely hungry and felt the heat because of starvation. His mother was standing on a little high hump on the plateau on the other side and tore at a piece of fish that lay at her feet, and then scraped each side of her beak on the rock and even flew across to him with it. He leaned out eagerly, tapping the rock with his feet, trying to get nearer to her as she flew across. The mother was very near to him with the fish in her beak. Maddened by hunger, he dived at the fish and managed to fly up and down into space with a loud scream.

10th Standard English Guide Question 7.
What happened to the young seagull when it landed on the green sea?
Answer:
When the young seagull landed on the green sea, he completely forgot that he had not always been able to fly and shrieked shrilly, turning his beak sideways and crowed amusedly. He screamed with fright when he dropped his legs to stand on the green sea and sank into it.

Additional Questions

10 Std English Guide Question 1.
Why was the young seagull afraid to fly?
Answer:
The young seagull hesitated and feared to fly. He thought that his wings would not support him.

Question 2.
Do you think all young birds are afraid to make their first flight, or are some birds more timid than others? Do you think a human baby also finds it a challenge to take its first steps?
Answer:
Yes, all young birds are afraid to make their first flight. It is quite possible that some of them may be more timid than the others. A human baby also finds it a challenge to take the first step. Only after trials and errors of many months, the baby learns to take its first step.

Question 3.
“The sight of the food maddened him…” What does this suggest? What compelled the young seagull to finally fly?
Answer:
The seagull was quite hungry and yearned for food. When he saw a piece of fish in the beak of his mother, the sight was quite tempting for him. He was maddened at the sight of the food and suddenly dived at the fish forgetting that he didn’t know how to fly. It compelled the young seagull to finally fly into space.

Question 4.
“They were beckoning to him, calling shrilly.” Why did the seagull’s father and mother threaten him and cajole him to fly?
Answer:
His parents, two brothers and his sister regularly taunted him for his cowardice. The seagull’s father and mother threatened that they would leave him alone starving at the ledge unless he flew away. In this way, they tried to cajole him to fly.

Question 5.
Have you ever had a similar experience, where your parents encouraged you to do something that you were too scared to try? Discuss this in pairs or groups.
Answer:
Everyone has such experience at some time. I too had such an experience when my parents encouraged me when I was learning cycling. I hesitated and feared. I thought that I would not be able to hold and balance it properly. One day, my father made me sit on the bicycle and gave a push from behind. I cried but soon handled it properly and completed a circle without falling down. I learnt how to ride a bicycle on that very day.

Question 6.
In the case of a bird flying, it seems a natural act, and a foregone conclusion that it should succeed. In the examples you have given as answer to the previous question, was your success guaranteed or was it important for you to try, regardless of a possibility of failure?
Answer:
In the case of a bird flying, it seems a natural act. Actually, it is not so. Every young bird has to learn how to fly. After constant efforts, he becomes perfect in flying. Even in my case, success was not a foregone conclusion. Constant encouragement by my parents and my own practice made me a perfect cyclist.

Question 7.
Where did the young seagull sit alone? What did he watch from there?
Answer:
The young seagull was alone on his ledge. In the whole family, he was the only one who didn’t know how to fly. Only the day before, his two brothers and his sister had flown away with their parents. When he tried to flap his wings, he was seized with fear. Hence, he sat alone on the ledge watching his family flying over the sea.

Question 8.
Why didn’t the young seagull take the plunge? What stopped him from doing so?
Answer:
The young seagull was the only one in the family who couldn’t fly in the air. His brothers and sister had far shorter wings than his wings but they had already learnt the art of flying. He felt certain that his wings would never support him. So he was hesitant and afraid of flapping his wings and go deep in the air.

Question 9.
Did upbraiding and threatening of his parents help him in flying?
Answer:
The parents of the young seagull did try to teach his young one the art of flying. He wouldn’t simply move from his ledge. They would fly around him encouraging and challenging him to follow them. When he wouldn’t budge, his parents would fly around calling to him shrilly. They would upbraid and threaten to let him starve unless he flew away.

Question 10.
How were his two brothers and sister different from the young seagull?
Answer:
His two brothers and. his sister had far shorter wings than he had. But still they had flown away only the day before. He would watch his parents perfecting them in the art of flying. They were taught how to skim the waves and dive for the fish. The young seagull had seen his older brother catch his first herring and devour it.

Question 11.
How did the hungry seagull try to pretend to attract his mother’s attraction?
Answer:
The whole family had flown away. Only the young seagull sat alone on the ledge. He had not eaten anything since the previous nightfall. He stepped slowly out to the brink of the ledge. He stood on one leg. He closed his eyes pretending to be falling asleep. But all his tactics failed. Only his mother took notice of him. All others ignored him.

Question 12.
What was the mother doing standing on a little high hump on the plateau?
Answer:
All others ignored the hungry young seagull. Only his mother was looking at him. She was standing on a little high hump. Now and again, she tore a piece of fish. The fish lay at her feet. Then she scrapped each side of her beak on the rock. She loved to tear the food that way.

Question 13.
Why did the young seagull cry “Ga, ga, ga”? Did her mother oblige him?
Answer:
When he saw his mother holding a piece of a fish in her beak, the young seagull became almost mad with hunger. He cried “Ga, ga, ga”. He begged her mother to bring him some food. When he saw his mother flying across to him with a piece of fish, he uttered a joyful scream. He started tapping the rock with his feet impatiently. He was almost within the reach of the fish but failed to get at it.

Question 14.
What did the young seagull do when he was maddened by hunger? Did hunger motivate him to dive at the fish in the air?
Answer:
The young seagull saw his mother flying around him with a piece of fish in her beak. Maddened by hunger, he dived at the fish. With a loud scream, he fell outwards and downwards into space. Then he was seized with fear and his heart stood still. But the fear lasted only for a minute. The very next moment he felt his wings spread outwards. Truly, hunger motivated him to dive at the fish and flap his wings into the space.

Question 15.
How did the young seagull overcome his fear and soared gradually towards the sea during his first flight?
Answer:
The young seagull had taken the final plunge. Maddened by hunger, he dived at the fish which his mother was carrying in her beak. With a loud scream he fell outwards and downwards. He was seized with fear and his heart stood still. But the fear lasted only for a minute. He overcame it. The next moment he felt his wings spread outwards. Now he was soaring downwards over the blue sea.

Question 16.
Describe the seagull’s first flight.
Answer:
The young seagull was very hungry. So he dived at the fish that was in his mother’s beak. But he fell into space and became terribly afraid. His heart stood still. He could hear nothing. But it only lasted for a minute. The next moment he felt his wings spread outwards. He began to fly and was no longer afraid.

Question 17.
How did his parents, two brothers and sister celebrate the first flight of the young seagull?
Answer:
The family saw the young seagull making his first flight. When they saw him floating on the ocean, they flew and landed on the water just ahead of him. They were beckoning to him calling shrilly. They were praising and rewarding him by offering scraps of fish to him.

Question 18.
What is the message that Liam O’ Flaherty wants to give to the readers through the lesson, ‘His first Flight’?
Answer:
Success can’t be taken for granted. One has to struggle to see success. The story of the young seagull is the story of overcoming hesitations, doubts and fears that stand between us and our success. Hunger makes him take the final plunge. This leads him to make his first flight and soar into the space.

B. Answer each of the following questions in a paragraph of about 100 – 150 words.

Question 1.
Describe the struggles underwent by the young seagull to overcome its fear of flying.
Answer:
The Young Seagull was afraid to fly and was alone on his ledge. He was more frightened than his siblings. His attempts failed. He had taken a little run forward and tried to flap his wings. But that was all he could do. He felt that his wings would not support him. He failed to muster up the courage and fly. His parents taunted, scolded and threatened him to leave him starving at the ledge unless he flew away.

But nothing could make him fly. The seagull helplessly watched his parents flying with his brothers and sisters. The whole family went on taunting him for his cowardice. Only his mother was looking at him. She had picked a piece of fish and was flying across to him with it. He leaned out eagerly. The mother was very near to him with the fish in her beak. Maddened by hunger, he dived at the fish. With a loud scream, he fell outwards and downwards into space. A terror seized him.

His heart stood still. His mother swooped past him. He answered her with another scream. He saw his two brothers and sister flying around him. The seagull completely forgot that he was not able to fly. He let himself free to dive, soar and curve at will. He was shrieking shrilly. He saw a green sea beneath him.

He was tired and weak with hunger. His feet sank into the green sea and his belly touched it. He sank no farther. Now, his family was praising him and their beaks were offering him scraps of fish. He had made his first flight.
“Flying is learning how to throw yourself to the ground and miss.”

Question 2.
Your parents sometimes behave like the young bird’s parents. They may seem cruel and unrelenting. Does it mean that they do not care for you? Explain your views about it with reference from the story.
Answer:
There is no doubt that sometimes parents do behave the same way like the young bird’s parents. ‘However all parental acts are for the betterment of the children though they may seem cruel and unrelenting. It doesn’t mean they do not care for us. It is the ardent wish of every parent that they may teach all skills to their young ones so that they may succeed in life. If the young ones don’t act then they also indulge in scolding, taunting and humiliating them to shed off their hesitations and fears.

This is exactly what the parents of the young seagull did when he failed to fly. They were successful in teaching the art of flying to his two brothers and sister. They also tried their best to embolden him to take the plunge. Particularly, the mother-seagull went on flying around him with a piece of fish in her beak. It was her attempt to tempt her starving son to dive at the fish and succeeded in her aim.
“At the end of the day, the most overwhelming key to a child’s success is the positive involvement of parents.”

Additional Questions

Question 1.
Yes the young seagull same at the beginning and at the end of the lesson? Compare and contrast the two kinds of the same seagull in the lesson.
Answer:
No, the young seagull was not the same bird at the beginning and at the end of the lesson. In the beginning, the young seagull used to be all alone on his ledge. His two brothers and his sister had flown away the day before. He had been afraid of flying with them. Whenever he tried to flap his wings, he was seized with fear. He felt certain that his wings would never support him. His father and mother flew around calling to him shrilly. They were constantly scolding and taunting him.

They were threatening to let him starve on his ledge unless he flew away. However, the young seagull was more confident and sure of his success in the end. Maddened by hunger, he dived at the fish. After trials and errors, his wings spread outwards. He was soaring gradually downwards forgetting all his hesitations and fears. He could float on the ocean now. His success was welcomed by his family. They were praising him now and their beaks were offering him their scraps of dog-fish.
“Positivity, confidence and persistence are key in life – so never give up in life.”

Question 2.
‘All parental acts are for the betterment of the children.’ It is true. However, one has to make efforts through trials and errors shedding off one’s early hesitations and fears to succeed in any enterprise. Justify this statement by taking points from the lesson, ‘His First Flight’.
Answer:
There is no doubt about it. All parental acts are for the betterment of the children. It is the ardent wish of every parent that they may teach all skills to their young ones so that they may succeed in life. First of all, they can learn all things which their parents have taught in life. If the young ones don’t act then they also indulge in scolding, taunting and humiliating them to shed off their hesitations and fears. This is exactly what the parents of the young seagull did.

They were successful in teaching the art of flying to his two brothers and sister. They also tried their best to embolden him to take the plunge. Particularly, the mother- seagull went on flying around him with a piece of fish in her beak. It was her attempt – to tempt her starving son to dive at the fish. And she succeeded in her aim. The young seagull did dive at the fish and it led to his success in the end.
“Parenting is not about meeting the needs of the offspring – but preparing them to stand on their own legs”

Question 3.
‘Maddened by hunger, he dived at the fish,’ says the narrator about the young seagull. Do you feel hunger was the main motivating force that made the young seagull take the plunge that taught him how to fly in the air?
Answer:
Food is the most essential ingredient that sustains all life – of humans, animals as well as birds. Hunger motivates many of their actions. The young seagull used to sit all alone on his ledge. Whenever he tried to flap his wings to fly, he was seized with fear. He felt certain that his wings would never support him. He had seen his older brother catch his first herring and devour it. It compounded his helplessness even more. He uttered a joyful scream when he saw his mother holding a piece of fish in her beak and flying quite near him.

He wondered why she didn’t come to him and offer that piece of fish to him. Maddened by hunger, he dived at the fish. With a loud scream he fell outwards and downwards into space. Then a monstrous terror seized him but only for a minute. The next moment he felt his wings spread outwards. He began to soar downwards towards the sea. The fear left him. He began to float on the sea. admiring family offered him pieces of fish flying around him.
“ Your hunger must be absolutely compelling in order to overcome the obstacles that will invariably come your way.”

Question 4.
Describe the humiliation and taunting that the young seagull faced from his family when he used to sit alone on his ledge without mustering his courage to fly in the air.
Answer:
The young seagull used to sit on ledge all alone. He used to see his two brothers and sister flying around him. They had learnt flying only the day before. Not that he didn’t try before. He had come to the edge of the ledge and tried to flap his wings. But he became afraid soon. He felt certain that his wings would never support him. So he bent his head and ran away to the little hole under the ledge. His brothers and sister had far shorter wings than his own. But they succeeded flapping their wings and flew away.

He failed to muster his courage to take the plunge. His father and mother flew around him scolding and taunting him. They also threatened to let him starve on his ledge unless he flew away. The thing that compounded his agony was that his elder brother had caught his first herring and devoured it. His parents circled around his brother raising a proud cackle. On the other hand, the family had walked down the opposite cliff taunting him with his cowardice.
“There is no humiliation more abusive than hunger.”

Question 5.
Hesitations and fears play necessary parts in human life but we get success in any enterprise only when we overcome our doubts, hesitations and fears. Justify this statement in the light of the young seagull’s efforts to muster courage to fly in the air.
Answer:
Nothing in life can be taken for granted. Skills have to be learnt in life with our own efforts. Parents can only help in teaching and encouraging us to learn things. But we have to learn them through our own efforts of trials and errors. Who doesn’t suffer from hesitations and fears in the beginning? It takes time to take the final plunge. So it happened with the young seagull. In spite of constant encouragements and motivations, he couldn’t muster the courage to fly.

He was certain that his wings would not support him. He faced regular taunting and humiliations of his family. They even threatened to let him starve at the ledge unless he flew away. But they say that necessity is the mother of invention. Maddened by hunger, he dived at the fish which his mother was carrying in her beak. He felt his wings spreading outwards. Finally, he soared to come down over the sea. When he floated on the sea, his family celebrated his success by offering pieces of fish to him.
“Life is a balance of fear and overcoming it.”

Vocabulary:

C. Change the parts of speech of the given words in the chart.

Answer:

D. Read the following sentences and change the form of the underlined words as directed.

1. His family was screaming and offering him food, (to adjective)
The screaming family offered him food.

2. ‘The young seagull gave out a loud call, (to adverb)
The young sea gull called out loudly.

3. The bird cackled amusedly while flying, (to noun)
The bird cackled with amusement while flying.

4. The depth of the sea from the ledge scared the seagull, (to adjective)
The deep sea scared the seagull on the ledge.

5. The successful flight of the bird was a proud moment for the seagull’s family, (to verb)
It was a proud moment for the seagull’s family when the bird flew successfully.

E. Use the following words to construct meaningful sentences on your own.

1. coward – I hate to be a coward for I have always been a bold person.
2. gradual – There is a gradual increase in the water level at Mettur dam.
3. praise – Sylvia is worthy of all the praise and honour.
4. courageous – I hope to be courageous at all circumstances.
5. starvation – People in Somalia die of starvation almost every day.

Listening Activity:

F. Here is a travelogue by the students of Government Girls Higher Secondary School, Pattukkottai after their trip to Darjeeling. Listen to the travelogue and answer the following questions.

A Trip to Remember Forever:
Our trip to this wonderful city, Darjeeling started with a breath-taking view. We parted the curtains of our hotel room and there it was, Kanchenjunga, the third highest mountain in the world! The entire range was in front of us in lull view, snow-capped and dazzling in the sun. Our trip started early in the morning the next day. We woke up at 4 a.m. and reached Tiger hill at 5 a.m. to view the sunrise as the place has earned international fame for the best sunrise view.

Tiger hill is situated at an altitude of 2590 meters and is 13 kilometers away from the city. Although Kanchenjunga was visible from the window of our hotel room, viewing it from tiger hill was a different experience altogether. It was not a very cloudy day so we were lucky enough to get a glimpse of the Mount Everest. After Tiger hill, we visited Senchal Lake which is another picnic spot nearby. We were told that the lake supplies drinking water to the city.

The next spot on our list was Batasia Loop, a spiral railway near Ghum. The loop is situated 5 kilometer from the city and is a gigantic railway loop where the toy train runs and takes a 360 degree turn. It is a beautiful place with manicured garden, streams and waterfalls. While travelling on the toy train, one gets a breath-taking view of Darjeeling’s scenic beauty.

We would suggest the toy train only for people with lot of patience as the train travels at a speed of 15 kilometers per hour and covers 14 kilometers in three hours which might be an utter disappointment for some. Altogether we had a memorable and enjoyable school trip with our friends and it will linger in our thoughts forever.

(i) Fill in the blanks with suitable words.

1. The students visited …………… city.
2. …………. is the third highest mountain in the world.
3. ………….. hill is 13 km away from Darjeeling.
4. The drinking water is supplied by …………… lake to the city.
5. After Senchal lake, they visited …………… .
Answers:

1. Darjeeling
2. Kanchenjunga
3. Tiger
4. Senchal
5. Batasia Loop

(ii) Do you think they had a memorable and enjoyable school trip?
Yes, I am sure they had a memorable and enjoyable school trip.

(iii) Name a few places that you wish to visit with your classmates as a school trip.
I wish to visit Andaman islands, Kashmir and Kathmandu with my classmates as a school trip.

(iv) State whether the following statements are True or False.

1. As the sky was cloudy, they could get the glimpse of the Mount Everest.
   False
2. The toy train covers 14 km in three hours.
   True
3. Tiger hill has earned international fame for the best sunset view.
   True

Speaking Activity:

G. Here is a dialogue between a father and his daughter. Continue the dialogue with at least five utterances and use all the clues given above.

Father: Hi Mary, it has been a very long time since we went on a trip. Let’s plan one.
Mary : Yes, dad. I am also longing to go. Why don’t we plan one for this weekend?
Father: Sure. Tell me, where shall we go?
Mary : Some place nearby but for at least two days.
Father: Hmm… I think we should go to the reserved forest nearby.
Mary : Yeah. I’ve never been to a forest. I have seen a forest only on the TV and movies. The forest is a good choice!
Father : OK. If we are going to the forest, we must list out what we should carry with us for two days.
Mary : I think we should carry suitable clothes like (1) ………………………………………………….. .
Father: What about the food? Do you have any idea, Mary?
Mary : Yeah. For food, I suggest (2) ……………………………………………………… .
Father: (3) ……………………………………………………………………….. .
Mary : (4) ……………………………………………………………………. .
Answers:

1. moisture wicking garments covering our hands and legs, hand gloves, gaiters, and head wear.
2. we take dehydrated foods. A packet of instant coffee packets and tea bags, energy bars, chocolates, nuts, sandwich making materials, kaakaras (dry chappathi), cheese and cup noodles will be of great help.
3. I think we need to wear proper trekking shoes and take our sleeping bags too. Do you think we need to take anything else?
4. Yes dad, a torch light and mosquito repellent is a must. I think we are all set to go on our journey.

Reading:

H. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.

Bungee – Jumping
Bungee jumping is an activity that involves jumping from a tall structure while connected to a long elastic cord. The tall structure is usually a fixed object, such as a building, bridge or crane; but it is also possible to jump from a movable object, such as a hot-air-balloon or helicopter, that has the ability to hover above the ground. The thrill comes from the free- falling and the rebound. When the person jumps, the cord stretches and the jumper flies upwards again as the cord recoils, and continues to oscillate up and down until all the kinetic energy is dissipated.

Jumping Heights, located in Mohan Chatti village, in Rishikesh has been rated as one of the most preferred bungee jumping destinations in India at a height of 83 meters. It is the only place in India where bungee jumping can be done from a fixed platform. This is also India’s only fixed platform Bungee- performed from a professional cantilever, to separate it from entertainment parks, and create instead, an extreme adventure zone. The Bungee has been designed by David Allardice of New Zealand.

The Cantilever platform is built over a rocky cliff over-looking the river Hall, a tributary of River Ganges. Bungee-ing amidst the vastness of nature lends the experience an absolutely breathtaking quality. Jumping heights is well known for its safety measures and experienced staff. It costs around Rs 2500 per jump, a bit expensive, but totally worth the experience. The Bungee jumping experience has been set amidst the astoundingly stunning landscape of Rishikesh. To Bungee jump, one must be at least 12 years and should weigh between 40-110 kg.

Question 1.
What is Bungee Jumping?
Answer:
Bungee jumping is an activity that involves jumping from a tall structure while connected to a long elastic cord.

Question 2.
Can Bungee be performed from a movable object? How?
Answer:
Bungee can be performed from a movable object, such as a hot-air-balloon or helicopter, that has the ability to hover above the ground.

Question 3.
When do you think Bungee becomes thrilling?
Answer:
When the person jumps, the cord stretches and the jumper flies upwards again as the cord recoils, and continues to oscillate up and down until all the kinetic energy is dissipated. Now, Bungee becomes thrilling from the free-falling and the rebound.

Question 4.
What is the experience when one falls off the platform?
Answer:
It is extremely astounding, adventurous, stunning and thrilling.

Question 5.
Where is the Bungee jumping point located in India?
Answer:
Bungee jumping point is located in Mohan Chatti village, in Rishikesh, India at a height of 83 meters.

Question 6.
What is the minimum age to Bungee jump?
Answer:
The minimum age to Bungee jump is 12 years.

Writing:

I. Prepare attractive advertisements using the hints given below.

1. Home appliances – Aadi Sale – 20-50% – Special Combo Offers – Muthusamy & Co., Raja Street, Gingee.

2. Mobile Galaxy – Smart phones – accessories – SIM cards – Recharge – Free Power banks on Mobile purchase – No.l, Toll gate, Trichy

J. Write a report of the following events in about 100-120 words.

1. ‘Educational Development Day’ was organized in your school on 15th July. The District Collector was the Chief Guest of the event. As part of the event, many competitions were Jield and the prizes were distributed to the winners and participants. It was a grand and successful event. Now, as the member of the organizing committee, write a report on the event in about 120 words.
Answer:
Jawahar Higher Secondary School, Karuvalipat, celebrated the Educational Development Day on the 15th of July, 2019 in the school premises. As part of the event, many competitions were held from the morning for students. Primary School children actively participated in the Drawing Competition depicting Education Development Day. Oratorical contest on the topic, ‘The importance of education’ was held for students of Std VI to VIII.

A Debate on the topic, ‘Development is vivid only with an educated society’ was conducted for Std IX to XII Students. At 2 p.m., The District Collector, Ms. Yasmin Begum presided over the Valedictory function and addressed the students on the importance of being a literate. She encouraged students to pursue higher education and reach great heights. The Chief Guest distributed the trophies to the winners and all the participants were given certificates. It was a grand and successful event and a day to be remembered for ever.
Member Of The Organising Committee
Shanmathy Velayudham

Question 2.
You are the School Pupil Leader. You have been asked to write a report on the Inaugural Ceremony of English Literary Association of your school which was held recently. Write a report on the same in not more than 120 words.
Answer:
Inauguration Of English Literary Association
English Literary Association was inaugurated in the Fathima Hall of St. Joseph’s convent on 19th June, 2019. Mrs. Thomas, the Choir Mistress led the choir to sing a prayer song. Sister Joan, Principal lighted the traditional lamp along with the Head of the English Department Mrs. Judy Enoch, the School Pupil Leader Beverley Shunker and the Secretary of the English Literary Association Vinnie Varghese. The Secretary welcomed the gathering and highlighted the aims and objectives of the association.

Sr.Joan advised the students to improve their communicative skills in English and motivated the students to refrain from using vernacular language in the school campus. The Special Guest for the inaugural ceremony was Mrs. Swamamala, a noted journalist. She was felicitated with a shawl and memento by the Vice Principal Mrs.Shyla Augustine. The keynote address by the special guest insisted in learning English as the universal and official language for communication in any country. The vote of thanks was given by Shanthini, a student of Std X. The event was compeered by Parvathi, a student of Std XL

School Pupil Leader
Beverley Shunker

Question 3.
You are the Coordinator of the Science Forum of your school. An event had been organized on account of National Science Day for the members of the forum. Now, write a report on the observation of “National Science Day” at your school.
Answer:
National Science Day
National Science Day was observed by the students of Violet Matriculation Higher Secondary School on 28th February, 2019 to mark the discovery of the Raman effect in 1928 by Indian physicist Sir C. V. Raman. The Director of the District Science Museum, Mr.Shanthakumar presided over the function. This event, organized on account of National Science Day for the members of the forum was led by Mrs.Leema, Physics teacher of our school.

The celebration included public speeches, watching the night sky, live projects, debates and many more activities. Every year, NSD is celebrated to widely spread a message about the Importance of science used in the daily life of the people. It is also celebrated to discuss all the issues and implement new technologies for the development in the field of science. The theme of the year 2019, “Science for the People, and the People for Science” was extensively discussed.
Coordinator Of The Science Forum
Rajalakshmi Venkataraman

Grammar Modals:

A. Complete these sentences using appropriate modals. The clues in the brackets will help you.

1. When I was a child, I climb trees easily but now I can’t, (ability in the past)
2. I …………….. win this singing contest, (determination)
3. You ……………. buy this book. It is worth buying, (advice or suggestion)
4. Poongothai ………………. speak several languages, (ability in the present)
5. I swear I ……………. tell lies again, (promise)
6. My father …………….. play badminton in the evenings when he was at college, (past habit)
7. You ……………. do as I say! (command)
8. ……………….. I have another glass of water? (request)
9. Sibi has not practised hard but he ……………… win the race, (possibility)
10. We ………….. preserve our natural resources, (duty)

Answers:

1. used to/could
2. will
3. shall
4. can
5. shall
6. used to
7. shall/ought to
8. Could
9. can/will
10. should

B. Rewrite the following sentences by rectifying the errors in the use of modals.

1. Would I have your autograph?
Could I have your autograph?

2. I can be fifteen next April.
I will be fifteen next April.

3. Take an umbrella. It should rain later.
Take an umbrella. It may rain later.

4. The magistrate ordered that he might pay the fine.
The magistrate ordered that he must pay the fine.

5. Make me a cup of tea, shall you?
Make me a cup of tea, will you?

6. You may speak politely to the elders.
You must speak politely to the elders.

7. You will get your teeth cleaned at least once a year.
You should get your teeth cleaned at least once a year.

8. We could grow vegetables in our kitchen garden but we don’t do it now.
We used to grow vegetables in our kitchen garden but we don’t do it now.

9. Must I get your jacket? The weather is cold.
Should I get your jacket? The weather is cold.

10. Could the train be on time?
Will the train be on time?

C. Read the dialogue and fill in the blanks with suitable modals.

Dad : ……………. (1) …………. we go out for dinner tonight?
Charan : Yes, Dad. We ……………. (2) ……………….. go to a restaurant where I …………… (3) …………… have some ice cream.
Dad : OK. Then, I (4) be home by 7 p.m. Mom and you …………… (5) ………………… be ready by then.
Charan : Sure. We …………… (6) …………… My friend told me that there is a magic show nearby. …………….. (7) …………….. you please take us there?
Dad : We ……………….. (8) …………….. not have time to go for the magic show, I suppose. If we have enough time left, we ………….. (9) ………….. plan.
Charan : By the way …………….(10) ………….. we inform our gate keeper about our outing?
Dad : Yes, we ……………… (11) …………… so that he …………….. (12) ……………… be aware we aren’t at home.
Charan : ………….. (13) …………… I call up Mom and tell her about our plan today?
Dad : You ………….. (14) ………………. to. Otherwise, we might be in trouble when she returns home.
Charan : Hmm… by the time you come home in the evening, we ……………… (15) …………….. be waiting for you. Hope you ……………. (16) ……………… be late. Bye.
Answers:

1. Shall
2. should
3. can
4. will
5. should
6. will
7. Could
8. may
9. can
10. should
11.  should
12. will
13.  Shall
14. ught
15. will
16. won’t

D. Read the following dialogues and supply appropriate modals.

Student : Can we leave our bags in the class during the break?
Teacher : Yes, you ………….. (1) ……………. but arrange them neatly.
Passenger : My child is 6 years old. Do I have to buy him a ticket?
Conductor : Yes, you ……………… (2) …………… It costs half of the price of an adult ticket.
Vani : Can we go for coffee after the meeting?
Yoga : No, I ……………… (3) ……………… I have to go home.
Salesman : When ……………. (4) ………….. I receive my order?
Customer : I ……………. (5) …………… assure you sir, the order …………….. (6) …………….. be delivered tomorrow.
Neela : Do you think I should write about my education background in the resume?
Preethi : Yes, you ……………… (7) …………….. You ………….. (8) …………….. get a better job.
Answers:

1. can
2. should
3. can’t
4. can
5. can
6. will
7. should
8. will/may

Imagine you have been to Thanjavur recently. Based on your experience and the data given below about Thanjavur, suggest and guide your friend who wishes to visit Thanjavur and places nearby, using modals in your sentences.

E. Here are a few sentences already done for you. The clues given would be helpful to \make more sentences on your own.

1. I would suggest that you take the Uzhavan Express to Thanjavur from Chennai.
2. You will be more comfortable if you could book 3 tier A/C.
3. You could enjoy …………………………………………………. .
4. You should visit …………………………………………………. .
5. You mustn’t miss ………………………………………………. .
6. You can buy ……………………………………………………….. .
7. …………………………………………………………………………….. .
8. …………………………………………………………………………….. .
9. …………………………………………………………………………….. .
10. …………………………………………………………………………… .
Answers:
3. the Kallanai Dam near Thanjavur
4. the Big Temple
5. the Museum in Thanjavur
6. Art Plates and Dancing dolls
7. Saraswathi Mahal, a library is a must to visit in Thanjavur.
8. You may take the Madurai Express to go to Thanjavur.
9. You should visit the church at Poondi near Thanjavur.
10. Don’t miss Thiruvaiyaru. You ought to experience its grandeur.

Active And Passive:

F. Change the following sentences to the other voice.

1. The manager appointed many office assistants.
Many office assistants were appointed by the manager.

2. You are making a cake now.
Now, a cake is being made by you.

3. That portrait was painted by my grandmother.
My grandmother painted that portrait.

4. Malini had bought a colourful hat for her daughter.
A colourful hat had been bought by Malini for her daughter.

5. They have asked me to pay the fine.
I have been asked to pay the fine by them.

6. The militants were being taken to prison by the police.
The police were taking the militants to prison.

7. His behaviour vexes me.
I am vexed by his behaviour.

8. Rosy will solve the problem.
The problem will be solved by Rosy, v

9. Our army has defeated the enemy.
The enemy has been defeated by our army.

10. The salesman answered all the questions patiently.
All the questions were answered patiently by the salesman.

G. Change the following into Passive voice.

1. Please call him at once.
Request him to be called at once.

2. How did you cross the river?
How was the river crossed by you?

3. No one is borrowing the novels from the library.
The novels from the library are not being borrowed by any one.

4. Will you help me?
Will I be helped by you?

5. Go for a jog early in the morning.
You are advised to go for a jog early in the morning.

6. Why have you left your brother at home?
Why has your brother been left at home by you?

7. Nobody should violate the rules.
Let the rules not be violated by anyone.

8. Someone has to initiate it immediately.
It has to be initiated by someone immediately.

9. Have you invited Raman to the party?
Has Raman been invited by you to the party?

10. Please do not walk on the grass.
You are requested not to walk on the grass.

11. Cross the busy roads carefully.
You are instructed to cross the busy roads carefully.
Let the busy roads be crossed by you carefully.

12. When will you book the tickets to Bengaluru?
When will the tickets to Bengaluru be booked by you?

H. In the following sentences the verbs have two objects namely Direct and Indirect objects. Change each of the following sentences into two passives using direct object as the subject in one and indirect in the other.

1. John gave a bar of chocolate to Jill.
(a): Jill was given ……………………………………………………………………………….. .
(b): A bar of chocolate was given ………………………………………………………. .

2. Pragathi lent a pencil to Keerthana.
(a): ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. .
(b): ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. .

3. Sudha told the truth to her friend.
(a): ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. .
(b): ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. .

4. They offered the job to Venkat.
(a): ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… .
(b): ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… .

5. The boss showed the new computer to Kaviya.
(a): …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. .
(b): …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. .
Answers:
1. (a) a bar of chocolate by John
(b) by John to Jill

2. (a) Keerthana was lent a pencil by Pragathi
(b) A pencil was lent by Pragathi to Keerthana

3. (a) Sudha’s friend was told the truth by Sudha
(b) The truth was told by Sudha to her friend

4. (a) Venkat was offered the job by them
(b) The job was offered by them to Venkat

5. (a) Kaviya was shown the new computer by the boss
(b) The new computer was shown by the boss to Kaviya

I. Rewrite the following passage in Passive Voice.

A few days ago, someone stole Ambrose’s motorbike. Ambrose had left it outside his house. He reported the theft to the police. The police told him that they would try to find his motorbike. This morning, they found his motorbike. The police called Ambrose to the police station. The thieves had painted it and then sold it to someone else. The new owner had parked the motorbike outside a mall when the police found it. After an enquiry, the police arrested the thieves.

Ambrose’s motorbike was stolen by someone a few days ago. It had been left outside his house by Ambrose. The theft was reported to the police by him. He was told by the police that they would try to find his motorbike. This morning, his motorbike was found. Ambrose was called to the police station by the police. It had been painted by the thieves and then it was sold to someone else. The motorbike had been parked by the new owner outside a mall when it was found by the police. After an enquiry, the thieves were arrested by the police.

J. Write a recipe of your favorite dish in passive voice. Remember to list out the ingredients . of the dish you have chosen and their quantity. Use Simple Present tense to write your recipe.

Ingredients: A bottle of Mixed Fruit jam, A packet of Cheese slices, A loaf of Sandwich bread A box of sweetened Butter, A nonstick pan
Recipe

1. A pan with one teaspoon of sweetened butter is taken.
2. Two slices of sandwich bread is taken and roasted slightly on both sides.
3. A tablespoon each of Mixed Fruit Jam is spread evenly on one side of the sandwich bread.
4. A slice of cheese is placed in between the two slices of bread.
5. The comers of the bread slices are sliced and the bread slice is slit diagonally into two.
6. The sandwich is ready to be served.

K. Write a report of an event held at your school using Passive voice. Use Simple Past Tense to’narrate the event.

The Annual day was celebrated by Glenmark Global School, on July 17, 2019 at the school premises with pomp and grandeur. The school was decorated elegantly by the staff and students. A stage was set up with a beautiful backdrop depicting the theme of the year. The welcome address was given by the School Pupil Leader.

The Chief Guest Mrs. Indira Janardhanan, CEO was introduced and felicitated by the Principal Mrs. Jeyanthi Radhakrishnan. Many cultural programs viz western dance, traditional dance, English Play, Tamil Pattimandram were all a treat to the eyes of the audience.

The Annual report was presented by the Principal. Prizes were given away to the toppers and many students who had brought laurels to the school in various competitions and contests. The Vote of Thanks was delivered by the Assistant School Pupil Leader.

His First Flight by Liam O’Flaherty About the Author: 

Liam O’Flaherty, born on August 28, 1896, at Aran Islands, Ireland died on September 7, 1984 at Dublin. He is an Irish novelist and short-story writer. He became a popular literary figure with his best-selling novel, The Informer. The next novel Return of the Brute was also a great success. O’ Flaherty will be remembered as a major voice in the Irish literary renaissance and a founding member of the Communist Party of Ireland. He spent most of his time in travelling and lived comfortably and quietly outside the spotlight.

His First Flight Summary:

Introduction:
‘His First Flight’ is a story of hesitation, trial and error and ultimately succeeding the task. It is an interesting story of a hesitant and timid seagull learning the art of flying. While his two brothers and sistej master the art of flying, his fear and hesitation prevent him from doing so. His diving at the fish due to hunger, proves a blessing in disguise. After a shaky start, he spreads out his wings and starts flying upwards and downwards. That’s his first flight. Thus the message is conveyed by O’Flaherty that no one attains success instantly. Perseverance and continuous striving help one to succeed.

Fear to fly
The young seagull was alone on his ledge. His two brothers and his sister had already learnt the art of flying just a day before. He tried in vain because of his fear. He had taken a little run forward and tried to flap his wings but that was all he could do. He feared that his wings would not support him. So he bent his head and ran back to the little hole where he slept the previous night.

Threatened by Parents His brothers and his sister had wings far shorter than his own wings. But he failed to muster up courage and fly. His parents criticized, admonished and threatened him to leave him starving at the ledge. However, nothing could make him fly.

Parents perfected siblings The seagull helplessly watched his parents flying with his brothers and sister. They were perfecting them in the art of flying. They were teaching them how to skim the waves and how to dive for fish. The whole family went on taunting him for his cowardice.

Mother’s trick works His mother was looking at him. She had picked a piece of fish. She was flying across tp him with it. He leaned out eagerly. The mother was very near to him with the fish in her beak. Maddened by hunger, he dived at the fish. With a loud scream he fell outwards and downwards into the space. A terror seized him. His heart stood still. His mother plunged past him. He answered her with another scream. He saw his two brothers and sister flying around him.

Seagull flies!
The seagull completely forgot that he was not able to fly. He let himself free to dive, soar and curve at will. He was squealing shrilly. He saw a green sea beneath him. His parents, his brothers and sister were signaling to him with a shrill voice. He was tired and weak with hunger. His feet sank into the green sea and his belly touched it. He sank no farther. His family were praising him and their beaks were offering him scraps of fish. He had at last made it and it was his first flight.

Conclusion:
The story arrives at a conclusion that nothing is impossible. Fear is the impediment to success. Shed the fears and succeed in whatsoever you desire.

His First Flight Glossary:
Textual:

Additional:

Synonyms:

Choose the most appropriate synonym of the underlined word.

1. The young seagull was alone on his ledge.
(a) sill
(b) window
(c) nest
(d) lift
Answer:
(a) sill

2. The great expanse of sea stretched a long way down.
(a) express
(b) expense
(c) stretch
(d) vision
Answer:
(c) stretch

3. He felt certain that his wings would never support him.
(a) curtain
(b) screen
(c) sure
(d) unsure
Answer:
(c) sure

4. His brothers and his little sister ran to the brink.
(a) bark
(b) sea
(c) water
(d) edge
Answer:
(d) edge

5. He failed to muster up courage to take that plunge.
(a) dust
(b) gather
(c) strength
(d) marvel
Answer:
(b) gather

6. He saw his brothers and sister perfecting in the art of flight.
(a) achieving
(b) trying
(c) finishing
(d) balancing
Answer:
(a) achieving

7. He saw his older brother devour his first catch.
(a) consume
(b) devein
(c) divide
(d) smell
Answer:
(a) consume

8. His parents circled around raising a proud cackle.
(d) cough
(b) screech
(c) walk
(d) tackle
Answer:
(b) screech

9. The whole family walked about on the big plateau.
(a) highland
(b) pinnacle
(c) lake
(d) valley
Answer:
(a) highland

10. All his siblings laughed at his cowardice.
(a) weakness
(b) craze
(c) cooperation
(d) awkwardness
Answer:
(a) weakness

11. He even gnawed at the dried pieces of eggshell.
(a) gasped
(b) annoyed
(c) chewed
(d) devoured
Answer:
(c) chewed

12. He then trotted back and forth from one end of the ledge to the other.
(a) trailed
(b) scurried
(c) jolted
(d) rolled
Answer:
(b) scurried

13. His long gray legs stepped daintily to reach his parents.
(a) elegantly
(b) drearily
(c) dancing
(d) lethargically
Answer:
(a) elegantly

14. The ledge ended in a sheer fall of precipice with the sea beneath.
(a) steep
(b) gentle
(c) clean
(d) distant
Answer:
(a) steep

15. The precipice was sheer.
(a) cliff
(b) precipitation
(c) effervescence
(d) recap
Answer:
(a) cliff

16. His father was preening the feathers on his white back.
(a) picking
(b) cleaning
(c) screening
(d) wilting
Answer:
(b) cleaning

17. She was standing on a little high hump on the plateau.
(a) mound
(b) dip
(c) hollow
(d) table
Answer:
(a) mound

18. Her white breast thrust forward.
(a) shove
(b) burst
(c) backward
(d) thirsted
Answer:
(a) shove

19. The sight of the food maddened him.
(a) light
(b) bring
(c) blight
(d) view
Answer:
(d) view

20. He scraped his beak now and again to whet it!
(a) rubbed
(b) screened
(c) wet
(d) sharpened
Answer:
(a) rubbed

21. He uttered a low cackle.
(a) expressed
(b) screamed
(c) mocked
(d) udder
Answer:
(a) expressed

22. She screamed back mockingly.
(a) admiringly
(b) scornfully
(e) meekly
(d) brightly
Answer:
(b) scornfully

23. He kept calling plaintively.
(a) plainly
(b) blatantly
(c) sadly
(d) palpably
Answer:
(c) sadly

24. She was just opposite to him, abreast of the ledge.
(a) well-informed
(b) tuned
(c) approved
(d) disapproved
Answer:
(a) well-informed

25. His mother had swooped upwards.
(a) swung
(b) leapt
(c) fell
(d) danced
Answer:
(b) leapt

Antonyms

Choose the most appropriate antonym of the underlined word.

1. The sun was now ascending the sky.
(a) soaring
(b) rising
(c) mounting
(d) downhill
Answer:
(d) downhill

2. He ran a little forward to the brink of the ledge.
(a) centre
(b) brim
(c) threshold
(d) bridge
Answer:
(a) centre

3. He waited a moment in surprise.
(a) weighted
(b) sat
(c) began
(d) astonished
Answer:
(c) began

4. He felt the heat because he had not eaten since the previous nightfall.
(a) warmness
(b) coldness
(c) seat
(d) hearth
Answer:
(b) coldness

5. He searched among the rough, dirt-caked straw nest.
(a) coarse
(b) smooth
(c) bumpy
(d) blunt
Answer:
(b) smooth

6. He failed to muster up courage to take that plunge.
(a) dive
(b) climb
(c) fall
(d) plume
Answer:
(b) climb

7. Between them, there was a deep, wide crack.
(a) cavernous
(b) dip
(c) narrow
(d) shallow
Answer:
(d) shallow

8. Maddened by hunger, he dived at the fish.
(a) surfeit
(b) famine
(c) appetite
(d) heat
Answer:
(a) surfeit

9. He even gnawed at the dried pieces of eggshell.
(a) parched
(b) dehydrated
(c) fresh
(d) new other.
Answer:
(c) fresh

10. He then trotted back and forth from one end of the ledge to the
(a) scurried
(b) sauntered
(c) tracked
(d) rolled
Answer:
(b) sauntered

11. As he passed beneath her, he heard the swish of her wings.
(a) underneath
(b) below
(c) above
(d) finite
Answer:
(c) above

12. The next moment, he felt his wings spread outwards.
(a) centrifugally
(b) inwards
(c) beautifully
(d) aloft
Answer:
(b) inwards

13. He flapped his wings and soared upwards.
(a) downwards
(b) inwards
(c) outwards
(d) lethargically
Answer:
(a) downwards

14. The precipice was sheer.
(a) steep
(b) gentle
(c) effervescence
(d) recap
Answer:
(b) gentle

15. The wind rushed against his breast feathers.
(a) gushed
(b) relaxed
(c) flushed
(d) plumes
Answer:
(b) relaxed

16. He completely forgot his inability to fly.
(a) overlooked
(b) remembered
(c) ignored
(d) disregarded
Answer:
(b) remembered

17. His parents had landed in front of him.
(a) visible
(b) detectable
(c) behind
(d) anterior
Answer:
(c) behind

18. They were beckoning to him, calling shrilly.
(a) summoning
(b) signaling
(c) dismissing
(d) requesting
Answer:
(c) dismissing

19. He was tired and weak with hunger.
(a) scrawny
(b) puny
(c) week
(d) view
Answer:
(d) view

20. Hqwas floating on it.
(a) flowing
(b) fluctuating
(c) flinging
(d) strong
Answer:
(d) strong

21. His family was screaming and praising him.
(a) diluting
(b) adulation
(c) exaltation
(d) fixed
Answer:
(d) fixed

22. She was standing on a little high hump on the plateau.
(a) mountain
(b) dip
(c) hollow
(d) highland
Answer:
(c) hollow

23. He scraped his beak now and again to whet it!
(a) rubbed
(b) blunt
(c) wet
(d) sharpened
Answer:
(b) blunt

24. The great expanse of sea stretched down a long way down.
(a) short
(b) lengthy
(c) straight
(d) vision
Answer:
(a) short

25. He felt certain that his wings would never support him.
(a) nearer
(b) forever
(c) surely
(d) always
Answer:
(d) always

We hope the data given here will benefit you to the fullest extent at the time of preparation. For better understanding of English subject this Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Solutions for Class 10th English Prose Chapter 1 His First Flight PDF is the best resource. Download & ace up your preparation. Keep in touch with us and get the latest information on Tamilnadu State board Textbook Solutions PDF.

You can Download Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Book Solutions Guide Pdf, Tamilnadu State Board help you to revise the complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Solutions Chapter 19 Plant Physiology

Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Plant Physiology Textbook Exercises

I. Choose the correct answer.

Plant Physiology Class 9 Question 1.
A big tree falls in a forest but its roots are still in contact with the soil. The branches of this
fallen tree straight up. This happens in response to ……………………
(a) water and light
(b) water and minerals
(c) gravity and water
(d) light and gravity
Answer:
(d) light and gravity

Chapter 19 Plant Physiology Question 2.
The tropic movement that helps the climbing vines to find suitable support is ……………………..
(a) phototropism
(b) geotropism
(c) thigmotropism
(d) chemotropism
Answer:
(c) thigmotropism

9th Science Plant Physiology Question 3.
The chemical reaction occurs during photosynthesis is ……………………….
(a) CO₂ is reduced and water is oxidized
(b) water is reduced and CO₂ is oxidized
(c) both CO₂ and water are oxidized
(d) both CO₂ and water are produced
Answer:
(a) CO₂ is reduced and water is oxidized

9th Plant Physiology Book Back Answers Question 4.
The bending of root of a plant in response to water is called ……………………….
(a) Thigmonasty
(b) Phototropism
(c) Hydrotropism
(d) Photonasty
Answer:
(c) Hydrotropism

Plant Physiology Class 9 Book Back Answers Question 5.
A growing seedling is kept in the dark room. A burning candle is placed near it for a few days. The tip part of the seedling bends towards the burning candle. This is an example of ……………….
(a) chemotropism
(b) thigmotropism
(c) phototropism
(d) geotropism
Answer:
(c) phototropism

Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Practical Question 6.
The root of the plant is …………….
(i) positively phototropic but negatively geotropic
(ii) positively geotropic but negatively phototropic
(iii) negatively phototropic but positively hydrotropic
(iv) negatively hydrotropic but positively phototropic
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (iii) and (iv)
(d) (i) and (iv)
Answer:
(b) (ii) and (iii)

Phototropism Diagram Question 7.
The non-directional movement of a plant part in response to temperature is called ………………
(a) thermotropism
(b) term nasty
(c) chemotropism
(d) thigmonasty
Answer:
(b) term nasty

Samacheer Kalvi Guru 9th Science Question 8.
Chlorophyllin a leaf is required for ……………………..
(a) photosynthesis
(b) transpiration
(c) tropic movement
(d) nastic movement
Answer:
(a) photosynthesis

Question 9.
A plant is kept in a dark room for about 24 hours before conducting any experiment on photosynthesis in order to ……………….
(a) remove chlorophyll from the leaf
(b) remove starch from the leaves
(c) ensure that photosynthesis occurred
(d) to prove transpiration
Answer:
(b) remove starch from the leaves

Question 10.
Transpiration takes place through …………….
(a) fruit
(b) seed
(c) flower
(d) stomata
Answer:
(d) stomata

II. State whether the following statements are true or false. If false, write the correct statement.

1. The response of a plant part to the chemical stimulus is called phototropism – False.
   Correct Statement: The response of a plant part to the chemical stimulus is called chemotropism.
2. Shoot is positively phototropic and negatively geotropic – True
3. When the weather is hot water evaporates lesser which is due to opening of stomata – False.
   Correct Statement: When the weather is hot, water evaporates faster which is due to opening of stomata.
4. Photosynthesis produces glucose and carbon dioxide – False.
   Correct Statement: Photosynthesis produces glucose and oxygen.
5. Photosynthesis is important in releasing oxygen to keep the atmosphere in balance – True
6. Plants lose water when the stomata on leaves are closed – False.
   Correct Statement: Plants lose water, when the stomata on leaves are opened.

III. Fill in the blanks.

1. The shoot system grows upward in response to ……………..
2. …………….. is positively hydrotropic as well as positively geotropic.
3. The green pigment present in the plant is ………………
4. The solar tracking of sunflower in accordance with the path of sun is due to …………………
5. The response of a plant part towards gravity is ………………..
6. Plants take in carbon dioxide for photosynthesis but need ……………. for their living.

Answer:

1. negative geotropism.
2. Root
3. chlorophyll
4. tropism
5. geotropism
6. oxygen

IV. (a) Match column A with column B

Answer:

1. (d) Positive geotropism
2. (a) Positive phototropism
3. (b) Negative geotropism
4. (c) Negative phototropism

(b)

Answer:

V. Answer the following in one or two sentences.

Question 1.
What is nastic movement?
Answer:
Non-directional response to the stimulus is called Nastic movements.

Question 2.
Name the plant part

1. Which bends in the direction of gravity but away from the light.
2. Which bends towards light but away from the force of gravity.

Answer:

1. Roots
2. Stem.

Question 3.
Differentiate phototropism from photo nasty.
Answer:

Question 4.
Photosynthesis converts energy X into energy Y.
(a) What are X and Y?
Answer:
X is light energy. Y is chemical energy. During photosynthesis, the light energy is converted into chemical energy.

(b) Green plants are autotrophic in their mode of nutrition. Why?
Answer:
Green plants are autotrophic in their mode of nutrition because they prepare their food, through a process called photosynthesis by using water, carbon dioxide, chlorophyll and sunlight.

Question 5.
Define transpiration.
Answer:
The loss of water in the form of water vapour from the aerial parts of the plant body is called Transpiration.

Question 6.
Name the cell that surrounds the stoma.
Answer:
Each stomata is surrounded by guard cells.

VI. Short answer questions.

Question 1.
Give the technical terms for the following:
Answer:
(a) Growth dependent movement in plants.
Trophic movements
(b) Growth independent movement in plants.
Nastic Movements.

Question 2.
Explain the movement seen in Pneumatophores of Avicennia.
Answer:
Negatively Geotropic movement.

Question 3.
Fill in the blanks:
Answer:

Question 4.
What is chlorophyll?
Answer:
Green pigments present in leaves.

Question 5.
Name the part of plant which shows positive geotropism. Why?
Answer:
Root shows positive geotropism because of the unidirectional movement in response to gravity.

Question 6.
What is the difference between movement of flower in sunflower plant and closing of the leaves in the Mimosa pudical?
Answer:
The stem of sunflower follows the path of sun from dawn to dusk (from east to west) due to light stimulus. But at night, it moves from west to east. The leaves of mimosa pudica closes on touching stimulus.

Question 7.
Suppose you have a rose plant growing in a pot, how will you demonstrate transpiration in it?
Answer:
Tie a plastic bag over leaves of rose plant and place in sunlight. After a few hours, we see water condensing inside the plastic bag. This is due to loss of water in the form of water vapour, which condenses into water. This is due to transpiration.

Question 8.
In the given photosynthetic experiment, what will happen to the leaf closed with black paper in starch test? Why?
Answer:

The part of leaf closed with black paper does not turn blue – black, when it is tested with iodine solution for the presence of starch. The leaf closed with black paper did not receive the sunlight and was unable to manufacture starch.

Question 9.
Mention the differences between stomatal and lenticular transpiration.
Answer:

Question 10.
To which directional stimuli do (a) roots respond (b) shoots respond?
Answer:

1. Roots respond positively geostrophic and negatively phototrophic.
2. Shoots respond negatively geostrophic and positively phototrophic.

VII. Long answer questions:

Question 1.
Differentiate between tropic and nastic movements
Answer:

Question 2.
How will you differentiate the different types of transpiration?
Answer:
There are three types of transpiration:
Stomatal transpiration: Loss of water from plants through stomata. It accounts for 90- 95% of the water transpired from leaves.
Cuticular transpiration: Loss of water in plants through the cuticle.
Lenticular transpiration: Loss of water from plants as vapour through the lenticels. The lenticels are tiny openings that protrude from the barks in woody stems and twigs as well as in other plant organs.
But transpiration is necessary for the following reasons.

1. It creates a pull in leaf and stem.
2. It creates an absorption force in roots.
3. It is necessary for continuous supply of minerals.
4. It regulates the temperature of the plant.

Activity

Question 1.
A glass trough is taken and is filled with sand. A flower pot containing water, plugged at the bottom is kept at the centre of the glass trough. Soaked pea or bean seeds are placed around the pot in the sand. What do you observe aft er 6 or 7 days? Record your observation.
Answer:
Experiment to demonstrate Hydrotropism:

Take a glass trough and fill it with sand. Keep a Pea seedling at the centre. A porous pot with water is kept at the Trough, as shown in the diagram. Keep it for six or seven days. The Radicle has grown towards the porous pot and moisture, instead of growing vertically downward. It proves that primary root is positively Hydrotrophic and that hydrotropism is stronger than Geotropism.

Question 2.
Take pea seeds soaked in water overnight. Wait for the pea seeds to germinate. Once the seedling has grown put it in a box with an opening for light on one side. After few hours, you can clearly see how the stem has bent and grown towards the light.
Answer:
Take pea seeds soaked in water.overnight. Wait for the pea seeds to germinate. Once the seedling has grown put it in a box with an opening for light on one side. After a few days, we can clearly see that the stem has bent and grown towards the light. This experiment demonstrates Phototropism.

Question 3.
Variegated leaf is plucked from Coleus plant kept in sunlight. It is de-starched by keeping in dark room for 24 hours. The picture of this leaf is draw n and the patches of cholorphyll on the leaf are marked. After immersing the leaf in boiling water follow ed by alcohol it is tested for starch using iodine solution. Record your observation.

Answer:
Experiment to show that Chlorophyll is essential for photosynthesis:
Aim: To show that chlorophyll is essential for photosynthesis.
We need Coleus (croton) plant with variegated leaves, boiling water, alcohol and iodine solution.

Take coleus (croton) plant with variegated leaves. Destarch the leaves of the plant, by keeping the plant in dark room for 24 hours. Then keep the plant in the sunlight for four to six hours for photosynthesis. Pluck a leaf and draw the picture of the leaf. Mark the patches of chlorophyll on the leaf. After immersing the leaf in boiling water and then in alcohol, it is tested for starch with iodine solution. The patches of the leaf with chlorophyll turn blue – black. The other portions remain colourless. This experiment shows that chlorophyll is essential for photosynthesis.

Question 4.
A potted plant is placed in a dark room for about 2 days to de-starch its leaves. One of its leaves is covered with the thin strip of black paper as shown in the picture, make sure that the leaf is covered on both sides.

The potted plant is kept in bright sunlight for 4 to 6 hours. The selected covered leaf is plucked and the black paper is removed.
The leaf is immersed in boiling water for a few minutes and then in alcohol to remove chlorophyll. The leaf is now tested with iodine solution for the presence of starch. The covered part of the leaf does not turn blue-black whereas the uncovered part of the leaf turns blue-black colour.
Why are the changes in colour noted in the covered and uncovered part of the leaf?
Answer:
Experiment to that sunlight is essential for photosynthesis:
Aim: To show that sunlight is necessary’ for photosynthesis.
Material required: potted plant, black paper, boiling water, alcohol and iodine solution.
Procedure:
A potted plant is placed in a darkroom for about 2 days to de-starch its leaves. One of its leaves is covered with the thin strip of black paper as shown in the picture, make sure that the leaf is covered on both sides.

The potted plant is kept in bright sunlight for 4 to 6 hours. The selected covered leaf is plucked and the black paper is removed. The leaf is immersed in boiling water for a few minutes and then in alcohol to remove chlorophyll. The leaf is now tested with iodine solution for the presence of starch. The covered part of the leaf does not turn blue-black whereas the uncovered part of the leaf turns blue-black colour. The covered part of the leaf which did not receive the sunlight was unable to synthesize starch. Hence it does not turn blue-black colour. But the uncovered part of the leaf which received sunlight was able to synthesise starch and so it turns blue-black in colour.

Question 5.
If you tie a plastic bag over a leaf and place the plant in light, you will be able to see water condensing inside the plastic bag. The water is let out by the leaves. Why does this occur?

Answer:
Experiment:
If you tie a plastic bag over a leaf and place the plant in light, you will be able to see water condensing inside the plastic bag. The water is let out by the leaves.

The leaves have tiny, microscopic holes called stomata. Water evaporates through these stomata. Each stomata is surrounded by guard cells. These guard cells help in regulating the rate of transpiration by opening and closing of stomata.

Typically, only 0.1 percent of water taken up by the plant is used by the plant for producing carbohydrates. That is, if a plant absorbs one litre of water, only one millilitre will be used to produce carbohydrate. The remaining 999 millilitres evaporates from the leaf.
You will be able to see how much water a plant releases in the air.

Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Plant Physiology Additional Questions

I. Choose the Correct Answer.

Question 1.
In response to light, the Auxin the cells of a stem. So that the plant bends towards
the light.
(a) condenses
(b) solidifies
(c) moves
(d) elongates
Answer:
(d) elongates

Question 2.
The end products of Photosynthesis is ………….. , which will be converted into …………….
(a) Nitrogen, Amino acids
(b) Glucose, Starch
(c) Vitamins, Minerals
(d) Fats, Fatty acids
Answer:
(b) Glucose, Starch

Question 3.
The green leaves, in the presence of light, which manufacture Starch, after removing the
chlorophyll, if Iodine is added, the leaves turn into
(a) Blue-black
(b) Blue orange
(c) Black White
(d) Blue-violet
Answer:
(a) Blue-black

Question 4.
During respiration plants inhale …………. and exhale ……………
(a) Nitrogen and Oxygen
(b) Oxygen and Hydrogen
(c) Oxygen and Carbon dioxide
(d) Carbon dioxide and Oxygen
Answer:
(c) Oxygen and Carbon dioxide

II. Fill in the blanks.

1. The plants respond to gravity and are termed as ……………..
2. One of the plant hormones is ………………
3. ………….. is evolved during photosynthesis.
4. The dead plants and animals are decomposed by ………………..
5. The first leaf of monocot plants is called ……………….
6. The plumule is covered by a protective sheath called …………………
7. The other name for Geotropism is …………………
8. The other name for Thigmonasty is …………………
9. The process of ………….. will not take place in green plants at night.
10. During fertilization, pollen tube grows down the Style, in response to the sugars, in the style is
    an example of …………………

Answer:

1. geotropism
2. Auxin
3. Oxygen
4. microorganisms
5. Cotyledon
6. Coleoptile
7. Gravitropism
8. Seismonasty
9. Photosynthesis
10. Chemotropism

III. Match the column “A” with the Column “B”.

Answer:

1. (c) Plumule
2. (d) Macronutrients
3. (e) Stomata
4. (b) Plants
5. (a) Micronutrients

IV. Answer the following.

Question 1.
Name the four important things needed by plants for photosynthesis.
Answer:

1. Chlorophyll
2. Water
3. Carbon dioxide
4. Sunlight

Question 2.
Why is transpiration a necessary evil?
Answer:

1. Creates a pull in leaf.
2. Creates a pull in stem.
3. Creates an absorption force in roots to take more water.
   So the minerals are supplied continuously.
4. Regulates the temperature of the plant.

Question 3.
What is a food chain?
Answer:
The link in the cycle of relationship between plants, animals and micro organisms are called Food chain.

Question 4.
How are Photosynthesis by plants and gas exchange by animals interrelated?
Answer:
The oxygen released by the plants is inhaled by the animals. Animals exhale Carbon dioxide, which is taken up by the green plants for photosynthesis. Thus the photosynthesis by plants and the gas exchanges by animals are interrelated.

Question 5.
What are Nastic movements?
Answer:
When the movements are not directed towards stimuli it is called Nastic movements.

Question 6.
Match the following with the types of Nastic movements in plants

Answer:

1. (c) Touch
2. (d) Darkness
3. (a) Temperature
4. (b) Change in light intensity

Question 7.
What is Tropism?
Answer:
Tropism is a growth movement and the direction of which is determined by the direction of the
stimulus.

Question 8.
Match the following with the types of Tropisms in plants.
Answer:

Answer:

1. (d) Phototropism
2. (e) Geotropism
3. (a) Hydrotropism
4. (b) Thigmotropism
5. (c) Chemotropism

Question 9.
What are the differences between Trophic and Nastic movements?
Answer:

Students can Download English Lesson 1 The Three Questions Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 8th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 8th English Solutions Term 2 Supplementary Chapter 1 The Three Questions

Section – I

Read and Understand

A. Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

The Three Questions Book Back Answers Question 1.
The king wanted to know the answers for _______ questions.
(a) three
(b) five
(c) nine
Answer:
(a) three

The Three Questions Answers Question 2.
The hermit lived in a _______
(a) cottage
(b) palace
(c) wood
Answer:
(c) wood

The Three Questions 8th Standard Question 3.
_______ was widely renowned for his wisdom.
(a) hermit
(b) messengers
(c) warriors
Answer:
(a) hermit

B. Fill in the blanks.

1. The answer for the first question was to have a _______ to fix the proper time for everything.
2. _______ were referred to know the right time for every action.
3. The king decided to consult a _______

Answers:

1. counsel of wise men
2. Magicians
3. hermit

C. Who said these words?

1. “They all answered his questions differently”.
2. How can I learn to do the right thing at the right time?
3. “Now rest awhile – and let me work a bit”?

Answers:

1. Leo Tolstoy They → learned men; his → The King’s
2. The king
3. The hermit

D. Give short answers for the following in 50 words.

The Three Questions Samacheer Kalvi Question 1.
What were the king’s questions?
Answer:
The king’s questions were :
What was the right time for every action?
Who were the most necessary people?
How to know what was the most important thing to do?

8th English The Three Questions Question 2.
Was the king satisfied with the answers? Why?
Answer:
No, the king was not satisfied with the answers. Because all the answers were different and the king could not agree with none of them.

The Three Questions Question And Answer Question 3.
Why was the king advised to go to the magicians?
Answer:
The king was advised to go to the magicians in order to know the right time for every action.

The Three Questions Question 4.
Whose advice did the people say would be imp’ortant to the king in answer to the second question?
Answer:
In answer to the second question, the advice of the councilors, priests, doctors and warriors would be important to the king.

The Three Questions Additional Questions

I. Fill in the blanks :

1. Only _______ know beforehand what was going to happen.
2. The king decided to consult a hermit renowned for his. _______
3. The hermit received none but only _______
4. When the king came to meet, the hermit was _______ the ground

Answers:

1. magicians
2. wisdom
3. common folk
4. digging

II. Read the following passage and answer the questions given below

In reply to the first question, some said that to know the right time for every action, one must draw up in advance a table of days, months, and years, and must live strictly according to it. Only thus, they said, could everything be done at its proper time. Others declared that it was impossible to decide beforehand the right time for every action, but that, not letting oneself be absorbed in idle pastimes, one should always attend to all that was going on, and then do what was most needful.

Three Questions Questions And Answers Pdf Question 1.
To know the right time, what must one draw up in advance?
Answer:
One must draw up in advance a table of days, months and years.

The Three Questions Questions And Answers Question 2.
Since it was impossible to decide the right time, what should we not Jo?
Answer:
We should not be absorbed in idle pastimes.

Question 3.
Why should we attend to all that is going on?
Answer:
We should attend to all that is going on so that we can choose and do what is most needed.

Question 4.
What was the first question?
Answer:
The first question was, “what is the right time for every action?”.

III. Answer the following in one or two words ;

Question 1.
When was ‘The three questions’ written by the Tolstoy .and in what iang<; age:
Answer:
Leo Tolstoy wrote ‘The three questions’ in 1885 in the Russian language.

Question 2.
Why was a council of wise men recommended to find the proper time for every th. in rJ
Answer:
A council of wise men was recommended because it was impossible for one man to decide correctly the proper time.

Question 3.
How did the king go to the woods?
Answer:
The king went to the woods in simple clothes, with his bodyguard on his horse.

Question 4.
Why did the king take the spade to work for the hermit?
Answer:
The king took the spade to work for the hfermit because the hermit was tired.

Question 5.
Until when did the king dig with the spade?
Answer:
The king dig with the spade until the sun began to sink behind the trees.

IV, Identify the character / speaker:

1. “To know the right time for every action, one must draw in advance the table of days, months and years”.
2. “Let me take the spade and work awhile for you”.
3. “Let us see who it is”.

Answers:

1. learned men
2. king
3. The hermit

V. Write True or False against each statement:

1. All the answers being different, the king agreed with none of them.
2. The king should have a council of unwise men who would help him.
3. The hermit lived in a wood which he often quitted.
4. The hermit listened to the king’s questions but answered nothing.
5. Each time the hermit stuck his spade into the ground, he turned a lot of earth.

Answers:

1. True
2. False
3. False
4. True
5. False

VI. Give Very Short Answers :

Question 1.
According to the answers received, who were the people the king most needed?
Answer:
Councilors, priests, doctors and warriors.

Question 2.
What do you know about the hermit from this lesson?
Answer:
The wise hermit lived in the wood which he never quitted. He met only common folks there. He was frail, weak, tired in a hut and worked hard.

VII. Answer in Detail:

Question 1.
Explain the various answers given by the learned men for the first question of the king.
Answer:
To know the right time for each action, the learned men said,
(a) to draw in advance a table of days, months and years and live according to it.
(b) it is impossible to find the answer for the right time for each action.
(c) not to be absorbed in idle pastimes, but to attend to all that was going on and do what was most-needful.
(d) it was impossible for one man to decide the right time correctly.
(e) the king must have a council of wise men to help him fix the proper time for everything.

Question 2.
What happened between the king and the hermit in the woods?
Answer:
The hermit saw the king and greeted him. Then he continued to dig the ground in front of his hut with great difficulty.

The king told the hermit that he had come to him to ask him the answers for his three questions and narrated the three questions. The hermit did not answer the questions but continued digging. The king offered to help the tired hermit in digging. The hermit accepted his help and sat down. When the king stopped digging and repeated his questions, the hermit again did not answer, he asked for the spade from the king. The king did not give the spade, he continued digging for hours till sunset. At last, the king told the hermit that if he could not answer his questions, he would go back home. At that time, someone came running.

VIII. Rearrange the jumbled sentences :

A.
1. King decided to consult a hermit known for his wisdom.
2. The learned men answered the king’s questions differently.
3. The king put on simple clothes and went alone to the hermit’s cell.
4. The king proclaimed throughout his kingdom to give rewaijd for the correct answers to his questions.
5. The king agreed with none of the learned men and gave the reward to none.
Answers:
4. The king proclaimed throughout his kingdom to give reward for the correct answers to his questions.
2. The learned men answered the kings questions differently.
5. The king agreed with none of the learned men and gave the reward to none.
1. King decided to consult a hermit known for his wisdom.
3. The king put on simple clothes and went alone to the hermit’s cell.

B.
1. The hermit listened to the king, but answered nothing.
2. The king dismounted his horse and went along, leaving his bodyguard behind.
3. The king said, “You are tired, let me take the spade and work for you”.
4. The king said, “Wise hermit, I ask you to answer my three questions”.
5. The hermit greeted the king on seeing him.
Answers:
2. The king dismounted his horse and went along, leaving his bodyguard behind.
5. The hermit greeted the king on seeing him.
4. The king said, “Wise hermit, I ask you to answer my three questions”.
1. The hermit listened to the king, but answered nothing.
3. The king said, “You are tired, let me take the spade and work for you”.

Section – II

Read and Understand

A. Write ‘True or False’ for the following statement.

1. The bearded man was an enemy of the king.
2. The king and the hermit refused to help the wounded man.
3. The wounded man asked for the king’s forgiveness.
4. The king promised to restore the property of the bearded man.

Answers:

1. True
2. False
3. True
4. True

B. Match the words in column ‘A’ with their meanings in column ‘B’.

Answers:

1. (c)
2. (a)
3. (d)
4. (b)

C. Give short answers for the following.

Question 1.
Who came running out of the wood? What happened to-him?
Answer:
A bearded man came running out of the wood. Blood was flowing from the wound in his stomach. The king’s bodyguard attacked him.

Question 2.
How did the king and the hermit restore the life of a wounded man?
Answer:
The king and the hermit unfastened the man’s clothing. The king washed the wound in his stomach and bandaged it with his handkerchief and with a towel the hermit had. When the blood stopped flowing, the king gave fresh water for him to drink. Then the king, with the hermit’s help, carried the wounded man into the hut and laid him on the bed.

Question 3.
Why did the king sleep through the night?
Answer:
The king was so tired from his walk, from the digging work with the spade and from putting all his effort to save the bearded man. So he slept soundly through the night.

Question 4.
What were the changes in the behaviour of the Wounded man at the end?
Answer:
The wounded man was the enemy of the kMg. He wanted to kill the king but the king saved his life. The wounded man asked the kings forgiveness and wanted to serve the king as a very faithful slave.

D. Answer the following in 100 words.

Question 1.
What were the answers to the three questions? What is the message of the hermit?
Answer:
For the first question of the king, “What was the right time for every action?”, the answer was, “The most important time was when the king was digging the beds”.

The answer for the second question, “Who were the most necessary people?” was the hermit was the most important man.

The final question was, “What was the most important thing to do?” The answer was to do good for the hermit was the most important business of the king.

Question 2.
Why did the heart man ask he king’s forgiveness? What did the king do to show his forgiveness?
Answer:
The bearded man actually came to kill the king. But when he was badly wounded and bled to death, the king saved his life by treating his wound. The man whom he wanted to kill, saved his life. This act of the king made the bearded man feel guilty of his sin.

So the bearded man asked for the kings forgiveness. The king was happy to make peace with his enemy and make his friend. He not only forgave him but also sent his servants and his own physician to attend on him. The king promised to restore his property too.

Vocabulary

Commonly Confused Words

Complete the following sentences using appropriate copfusable words.

1. The sugar had a negative ________ on the science experiment, (effect/affect)
2. l am going to ________ down for an hour, (lie/lay)
3. The gas prices continue to ________ (raise/rise).
4. She always gives me good ________ (advice/advise).
5. The war had no ________ on oil prices, (affect / effect)

Answers:

1. effect
2. lie
3. rise
4. advice
5. effect

Anagram

Example:

Exercise:

Antigram

Example:

Exercise:

Step to Succes

Read the English folk tale given below and fill up the blank spaces with si le words.
that, and, and, on, after, where
Answer:
There were once three tortoises – a father, a mother and a baby. On one fine morning during spring, they decided that they would like to go for a picnic. They picked the place where they would go, a nice wood at some distance, and they began to put their things together. They got tins of cheese, vegetable, meat and fruits. They were ready for the picnic. They set out carrying their baskets. After eighteen months they sat down for rest. They enjoyed the picnic very much.

The Three Questions Additional Questions

I. Choose the Right answer:

Question 1.
The bearded man came running out of the _______
(a) wood
(b) beach
(c) hut
(d) Porch
Answer:
(a) wood

Question 2.
The king was tired so he crouched on the _______ and fell asleep.
(a) porch
(b) bed
(c) threshold
(d) field

Question 3.
The king was glad to have made _______ with his enemy.
(a) money
(b) business
(c) peace
(d) healing
Answer:
(c) peace

Question 4.
The hermit was on his knees, outside his hut _______ seeds in the beds dug.
(a) planting
(b) sowing
(c) digging
(d) keeping
Answer:
(b) sowing

Question 5.
The only purpose man was sent into this life was to do _______ for others.
(a) harm
(b) abuse
(c) revenge
(d) good
Answer:
(d) good

II. Fill in the blanks :

1. The king and the hermit _______the bearded man’s clothes.
2. The king bandaged the wound with his _______ and the hermit s towel.
3. The bearded said to the king, “I will serve you as your most faithful _______”
4. The king said he would send his servants and his own _______ to attend the bearded man.

Answers:

1. unfastened
2. handkerchief
3. slave
4. Physician

III. Identify the character and speaker:

1. “Forgive me”.
2. “I do not know you and have nothing to forgive you for”.
3. “I resolved to kill you on your way back”.
4. “You have already been answered”.
5. “For the last time, I pray you to answer my questions”.

Answers:

1. Bearded man
2. The king
3. Bearded man
4. Hermit
5. The king

IV. Write True or False against each statement:

1. The bearded man fell fainting on the ground, moaning loudly.
2. The bearded man was lying on the bed, gazing intently at the king with shining eyes.
3. “Your bodyguard recognized me and wounded me”.
4. Before going away the king wished not to beg an answer to the questions he had put.
5. There is only one time that is important – then!

Answers:

1. False
2. True
3. True
4. False
5. False

V. Match the following :

Answer:

1. (b)
2. (a)
3. (d)
4. (c)

VI. Give Very Short Answers :

Question 1.
Where was the wound for the bearded man?
Answer:
The bearded man was wounded in his stomach.

Question 2.
What did the king give the bearded man to drink?
Answer:
The king gave fresh water for the bearded man to drink.

Question 3.
Where did the king and the he make the bearded man to lie?
Answer:
The king and the hermit made the bearded man to lie on the bed in the hermits hut.

Question 4.
Who property had the king seized?
Answer:
The king had seized the property of the bearded man’s brother.

Question 5.
Why did the bodyguard w< the bearded
Answer:
The bodyguard knew that the bearded man had come to kill the king. So he wounded to protect the king.

Question 6.
What would have happened if the king had not dressed the wound of the bearded man?
Answer:
If the king had not dressed the wound of the bearded man, he would have heavily bled and died.

Question 7.
Why die he king want to mi the hermit before he left the wood?
Answer:
The king wanted to meet the hermit for the last time before he left, to beg an answer to the questions he had put.

Question 8.
The only time important is “now”. Justify.
Answer:
“Now” is the only time when we have any power to act. So it is important than the past and future.

VII. Write Short Answers :

Question 1.
Describe the bearded man when he met the king.
Answer:
The bearded man came running from the wood. His hands were pressing his stomach, from which blood was flowing. He reached the king and fell fainted on the ground, moaning feebly.

Question 2.
How did the king and the hermit treat the wounded man?
Answer:
The king washed the Targe wound on the stomach and bandaged it with his handkerchief and the hermit’s towel. The king rebandaged the wound repeatedly until the blood stopped. He gave fresh water to the wounded man to drink. The king and the hermit carried the wounded man and laid him on the bed in the hut

Question 3.
The bearded man lying on the bed, gazed at the king with shining eyes. Why?
Answer:
The bearded man cried so his eyes were shining. He gazed at the king as he was recollecting how he came the previous day to kill the king. He felt guilty as the king whom he wanted to kill, had saved his life.

VIII. Answer in Detail:

Question 1.
Explain the three instances by which the hermit answered the king’s questions.
Answer:
Instance I : The most important time was when the king was digging the beds. The most important person was the hermit. To do good for the hermit was the most important action.

Instance IT: The most important time was the time the king attended on the bearded ’ man. The bearded wounded man was the most important person. The help the king did to the wounded man was the most important action.

To conclude, the most important time is “now” because it is the only time over which we have any power. The most important person is the person with whom we are. And the most important action is to do good to that person, because only for that reason man was sent to live this life.

Question 2.
What would have happened if the king did not help the hermit?
Answer:
When the king saw the frail weak hermit digging the ground, he pitied him and dug the beds for him but if he had not pitied the hermit and gone on his way, then the bearded man would have attacked and killed the king. The king would have also repented for not staying with the hermit.

Question 3.
How did the bearded man become the most important person for the king?
Answer:
According to the second question of the king, “who was the most necessary person?”, it was the bearded man. Because when the bearded man ran up to the king, if the king had not attended to him, he would have died. Since the king attended to the man, bandaged his wound and saved him, the king was able to make peace with his enemy and gained him for a friend. God wants us to do good for people and for that purpose alone man was sent into this life.

IX. Rearrange the jumbled sentences:

A.
1. The king washed and bandaged the wound.
2. A bearded man came running out of the wood.
3. The king and the hermit carried the wounded man into the hut and laid him on the bed.
4. He fell fainting on the ground, moaning feebly.
5. The king brought fresh water and gave it to him.
Answers:
2. A bearded man came running out of the wood.
4. He fell fainting on the ground, moaning feebly.
1. The king washed and bandaged the wound.
5. The king brought fresh water and gave it to him.
3. The king and the hermit carried the wounded man into the hut and laid him on the bed.

B.
1. “Forgive me”, said the bearded man in a weak voice.
2. The king was glad to have made peace with his enemy.
3. “I am the enemy of yours who swore to revenge on you”.
4. When the king woke in the morning, the bearded man was gazing at him with shining eyes.
5. “I do not know you”, said the king.
Answer:
4. When the king woke in the morning, the bearded man was gazing at him with shining eyes.
1. “Forgive me”, said the bearded man in a weak voice.
5. “I do not know you”, said the king.
3. “I am the enemy of yours who swore to revenge on you”.
2. The king was glad to have made peace with his enemy.

X. Read the passage and answer the questions :

“You do not know me, but I know you. I am that enemy of yours who swore to revenge on you, because you executed my brother and seized his property. I know you had gone alone to see the hprmit, and I resolved to kill you on your way back”.

Question 1.
Who speaks these words and to whom?
Answer:
The bearded man spoke these words to the king.

Question 2.
Who was the bearded man?
Answer:
The bearded man was the king’s enemy.

Question 3.
What did the bearded man plan to do?
Answer:
The bearded man planned to kill the king.

Question 4.
Why did the bearded man want to kill the king?
Answer:
The bearded man wanted to kill the king as a revenge. Because the king had executed his brother and seized his property.

Vocabulary – Additional

Confused Words

Complete the following sentences using appropriate confusable words.

1. Can you _______ (here / hear) me?
2. Last _______ (weak / week) I did not attend the school.
3. It is a very beautiful _______ (seen / scene)
4. He tried to _______ (steel / steal) the gold chain.
5. The hunting dogs tried to _______ (haul / hall) the wolf.

Answers:

1. hear
2. week
3. scene
4. steal
5. haul

Anagram

Form another word.

1. Elbow
2. State
3. Cat
4. Arc
5. Sale
6. School master

Answers:

1. Below
2. Taste
3. Act
4. car
5. seal
6. The classroom

Antigram

Create Antigram from the following Anagram.

1. Indeed
2. Inferno
3. Tip
4. Silent
5. forty five

Answers:

1. Denied
2. Non-fire
3. Pit
4. Listen
5. Over fifty

The Three Questions Summary

Section – I

Once a king was anxious to find the answers to these questions: What was the right time to begin everything? Who was the right person to listen to? and what was the most important thing to do?

The king announced throughout his kingdom that anyone who gave the correct answer for his questions would be rewarded.

To know the right time they said one should have a time plan. Another person said it was impossible to decide the correct time, so one should avoid idle pastime and attend only to the needful. Next, it was told that the king should have a council of wise men to fix the correct time for everything. Finally, it was recommended to consult magicians.

Various answers were given to the second question such as councilors, priests, doctors, warriors being the most needed people.

For the third question on the important action to do, the answers got were science, skill in warfare, religious worship and so on.

The king was not satisfied with any of the answers and he went to the woods to consult a hermit known for his wisdom. The hermit was digging the ground with difficulty when the king met him and asked him the answers for his questions. The hermit did not answer but continued to dig. Seeing the tired hermit, the king offered to dig for him and again asked the same questions. The hermit again did not answer but asked the spade back’to dig. The king did not give the spade but continued to dig till the evening. At that time, someone came running. The king and the hermit went to see who it was.

Section – II

When the king was with the hermit near his hut, a bleeding bearded man fell fainted as he reached the king. The king washed and bandaged the wound in his stomach till bleeding stopped. The king gave water to the thirsty man. The tired king and the bearded man slept in the hermits hut that night.

In the morning, the bearded man asked for the king’s forgiveness. But the king did not know him. The bearded man was the king’s enemy who had come to kill him. The bodyguard found him and attacked. The bearded man escaped being saved by his enemy, the ‘king’. The bearded man promised to serve the king as a faithful slave along with his family.

The happy king forgave and made peace with his enemy. He sent his servants and physician to attend the wounded man and also promised to restore his property.

The king asked the hermit for the answers to his questions before he left him. The hermit told that it had been already answered. Firstly, the most important time was when the king was digging the beds. Secondly, the important man was the hermit. Thirdly, to do good for the hermit was the king’s important business.

Next, the most important three was when the king attended his enemy. The important man was the ‘enemy’ who the king made peace with. The important business was what the king did for the bearded man.

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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Solutions Poem Chapter 3 I am Every Woman

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I am Every Woman Textual Questions

A. Read the lines and answer the questions.

(i) The summer of life she’s ready to see in spring.
She says, “Spring will come again, my dear Let me care for the ones who ’re near.”
(a) What does the word summer mean here?
(b) How does she take life?
(c) What does she mean by “spring will come again”?
Answer:
(a) Summer here means development.
(b) She takes life optimistically.
(c) By the phrase ‘spring will come again’, the poet means that the future will be better.

(ii) Strong is she in her faith and belief.
“Persistence is the key to everything, ” says she.
(a) What is she strong about?
(b) How does she deal with the adversities in life?
Answer:
(a) She is strong about her faith and belief.
(b) She is strong in her faith and belief and is determined while dealing with the adversities in life.

(iii) Despite the sighs and groans and moans,
She’s strong in her faith, firm in her belief!.
(a) Is she complaining about the problems of life?
(b) Pick out the words that show her grit.
Answer:
(a) No she is not complaining about the problems of life.
(b) The words that show her grit are strong and firm.

(iv) Don’t ever try to saw her pride, her self-respect.
She knows how to thaw you, saw you – so beware!
(a) What do the words thaw and saw mean here?
(b) What is the tone of the author?
Answer:
(a) Thaw and saw means that she will reduce you to nothing.
(b) The tone of the poetess is a caution about careful intervention.

(v) She’s today’s woman. Today’s woman dear.
Love her, respect her, keep her near…
(a) Describe today’s woman according to the poet.
(b) How should a woman be treated?
Answer:
(a) Today’s woman is a woman born with determination, ready to take risks in life and is strong in her faith and beliefs.
(b) A woman should be treated with love and respect.

Additional Questions

(i) “A woman is beauty innate,
A symbol of power and strength.
She puts her life at stake,
She’s real, she’s not fake!”
(a) What is the rhyme scheme of the above stanza?
(b) Pick out the rhyming words.
(c) What is meant by ‘innate’?
(d) Explain the line, ‘She puts her life at stake’.
(e) What do you understand by the term, ‘not a fake’?
Answer:
(a) ‘abcc’ is the rhyme scheme of the above stanza.
(b) The rhyming words are stake and fake.
(c) ‘Innate’ means inborn.
(d) The line is an indication that a woman is willing to take risks in life.
(e) By ‘not a fake’ one can understand that a woman is genuine and real.

(ii) “Let me care for the ones who ’re near.
She’s The Woman – she has no fear!”
(a) What kind of a woman do you see in the above lines?
(b) Pick out the rhyming words.
(c) What is her immediate duty that she wants to concentrate on?
Answer:
(a) I see a fearless woman in the above line,
(b) The rhyming words are near and dear.
(c) She wants to concentrate on the thought of caring for the near and dear ones.

(iii) “She’s a lioness; don’t mess with her.
She ’ll not spare you if you ’re a prankster.
Don’t ever try to saw her pride, her self-respect.
She knows how to thaw you, saw you – so beware!”
(a) Who is a prankster?
(b) What is the rhyme scheme?
(c) To whom is the poem addressed?
(d) What is the warning given by the poetess?
(e) What is the woman capable of?
Answer:
(a) A prankster is one who pretends to be mischievous.
(b) ‘aaba’ is the rhyme scheme in the above lines.
(c) The poem is addressed to the male readers who generally underestimate a woman.
(d) The poetess warns the male readers to refrain from sawing a woman’s pride and self-respect.
(e) The woman is capable of thawing and slicing down a person’s underestimated thoughts.

B. Read the lines and identify the figure of speech.

Answers:
1. (a) The rhyming words are stake and fake.
(b) innate-checkmate, strength-length, stake-spake, fake-make
(c) The rhyme scheme for the above lines is ‘abcc’.

2. (a) She’s a lioness.
(b) She is a dynamite. She is a rock.
She is a bubbly personality. She is a roller coaster of emotions.

3. (a) Faith, firm is the alliterated words in the given line.
(b) The other alliterated words from the poem are symbol/strength; summer/see and saw/self-respect.

C. Fill in with a word in each blanks to complete the summary of the poem. Use the help box given below.

Every woman is beautiful …………….(1) …………….. She is the……………… (2) ………….. of power and ………….. (3) …………….. She is prone to put her ………….(4) ………….. at risk. Every woman is true in expressing her love and she is never ……………… (5) …………….. She is very ……….. (6) ………………. in her approach even at times of ………… (7) …………… she finds a ray of ……………. (8) ………….. and she continues to …………. (9) ………….or her ……….. (10) …………….. ones. She is the ………………. (11) ………….. and she has no …………… (12) ……………. She is forceful in her ……………. (13) ………… and …………….(14) …………….. She is never a…………… (15) ………………..and she is ……………. (16) ……………. She is ferocious like a …………….(17)…………………..It’s better for the …………… (18) ……………… to stay away from her. Never should one try to bring ……………….(19) …………………to her pride and ……………. (20) ………………for she knows how to ………………… (21) …………… and …………….. (22) ………….. them. She is …………….. (23) ………………. woman. It is ……………….. (24) ………………….. to love her …………… (25) ……………. her and to keep her ………………. (26) …………… .
Answers:

1. innate
2. symbol
3. strength
4. life
5. fake
6. optimistic
7. adversity
8. hope
9. care
10. dignified
11. woman
12. fear
13. faith
14. belief
15. quitter
16. persistent
17. lioness
18. prankster
19. disgrace
20. self-respect
21. thaw
22. saw
23. today’s
24. healthier
25. respect
26. near

D. Answer the following in a paragraph of about 80 to 100 words.

I Am Every Woman Poem Question 1.
How are today’s women portrayed by the poet?
Answer:
Rakhi Nariani Shirke is an academician with a passion for writing poems as a medium of self-expression. This poem talks about the multifaceted nature of women. A woman is born beautiful and beauty is an inborn trait. She is a symbol of supremacy and strength. She takes risks in life for she is real and always genuine. Today’s women are empowered, brave, strong and resolute.

They are always ready to take up new ventures. They are persistent and work tirelessly to prove what they are capable of. Women have to be treated respectfully for the growth of a nation. As stated earlier, she is the symbol of strength as she is strong in her faith and beliefs. In spite of all the outbreaks and cries and laments, she is strong in her hope and firm in her trust. She is a lioness, brave and daring. She is a disciplinarian and will not tolerate your pranks with her. She is a woman of today smart and brave.

“Each time a woman stands up for herself, she stands up for all women.”

I Am Every Woman Poem Questions And Answers Question 2.
What qualities have made women powerful?
Answer:
The woman is made powerful due to her multifaceted personality. Today’s women are empowered, brave, strong and resolute. They love to explore and venture into new horizons. – They are persistent and work tirelessly to prove what they are capable of. Her inner beauty, her supremacy and strength makes her all-powerful. She exhibits her power by showcasing her fearless nature. She is the symbol of strength as she is strong in her faith and beliefs. She is seen as all-powerful because of her determined nature.

She may sigh, cry and moan but is strong in her hope and firm in her trust. She is a lioness, brave and daring and one dare not muddle with her. If anyone is a mischief maker, she will not spare them. The woman should be feared cautiously since she would thaw or saw you for your deeds against her.

“A Woman believes in being strong, even when things seem to go wrong.”

I am Every Woman (Rakhi Nariani Shirke)
Literary Devices At A Glance (Figures of Speech)

I am Every Woman by Rakhi Nariani Shirke About the Poet:
Rakhi Nariani Shirke is an academician with a passion for writing poems as a medium of self-expression. She is a post graduate, with a Bachelor’s degree in Education. She graduated from Jai Hind College, Mumbai and lives in Navi Mumbai. She is a teacher at -Ryan International School at Raigarh, Maharashtra, India.

I am Every Woman Summary:

Introduction:
This poem talks about the multifaceted nature of women. Today’s women are empowered, brave, strong and resolute. They are always ready to take up new ventures. They are persistent and work tirelessly to prove what they are capable of. Women have to be treated respectfully for the growth of a nation.

Inborn trait:
A woman is born beautiful and beauty is an inborn trait. She is a symbol of supremacy and strength. She takes risks in life for she is real and always genuine.

Fearless by Nature:
The development of life a woman is ready to see in spring. She says that there will always be spring after summer and so she cares for the ones who are near for she is the fearless woman.

Women of Strength:
As stated earlier, she is the symbol of strength as she is strong in her faith and beliefs. The poetess who is also a woman insists that persistence is the key to everything. In spite of all the out breaths, cries and laments, she is strong in her hope and firm in her trust. She is a lioness, brave and daring and one should not muddle with her.

Dare to be a Mischief Maker?
If anyone is a mischief maker, trying to play with her, the woman will not spare her. One should be careful and not saw her conceit or her self-respect. One should beware of such a woman for she would not only thaw you but also saw you for she is the modem day woman, the woman of the Present. Therefore, she should be loved, respected and kept at close quarters.

Conclusion:
The poet Rakhi Nariani Shirke dares at those who make a mockery of women. Being today’s woman she warns those who are ruthless towards women. She states that today’s women are bold and smart, ready to take up new ventures and achieve the goals.

I am Every Woman Glossary:

Textual:

Additional:

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You can Download Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Book Solutions Guide Pdf, Tamilnadu State Board help you to revise the complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Solutions Chapter 10 Matter Around Us

Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Matter Around Us Textbook Exercises

I. Choose the correct answer.

Matter Around Us Class 9 Samacheer Kalvi Question 1.
The separation of denser particles from lighter particles done by rotation at high speed is called ………………..
(a) Filtration
(b) sedimentation
(c) decantation
(d) centrifugation
Answer:
(d) centrifugation

9th Science Matter Around Us Question 2.
Among the following ………………… is a mixture.
(a) Common salt
(b) Juice
(c) Carbon dioxide
(d) Pure silver
Answer:
(b) Juice

9th Science Matter Around Us Book Back Answers Question 3.
When we mix a drop of ink in water we get a …………………..
(a) Heterogeneous Mixture
(b) Homogeneous Mixture
(c) Compound
(d) Suspension
Answer:
(b) Homogeneous Mixture

9th Matter Around Us Answers Question 4.
…………… is essential to perform separation by solvent extraction method.
(a) Separating funnel
(b) Centrifuge machine
(c) Filter paper
(d) Sieves
Answer:
(a) Separating funnel

9th Science Matter Around Us Answers Question 5
…………… has the same properties throughout the sample.
(a) Pure substance
(b) Mixture
(c) Colloid
(d) Suspension
Answer:
(a) Pure substance

II. State whether the following statements are true or false. If false give the correct statement.

1. Oil and water immiscible in each other – True
2. A compound cannot be broken, into simpler substances chemically – False.
   Correct Statement: A compound can be broken into simpler substances chemically.
3. Liquid – liquid colloids are called gels – False
   Correct Statement: Liquid – solid colloids are called gels.
4. Buttermilk is an example of heterogeneous mixture – True
5. Aspirin is composed of 60% Carbon, 4.5% Hydrogen and 35.5% Oxygen by mass. Aspirin is a mixture – False.
   Correct Statement: The constituents of Aspirin are present in a fixed ratio by mass. So it is a Compound.

III. Match the following.

(e) Made up of atomsAnswer:

1. (c) Made up of molecules
2. (b) Impure substance
3. (a) Settles down on standing
4. (d) Pure substances

IV. Fill in the blanks.

1. A mixture has no distinguishable boundary between its components.
2. An example of a substance that sublimes is
3. Alcohol can be separated from water by
4. In petroleum refining, the method of separation used is
5. Chromatography is based on the principle of

Answer:

1. homogeneous
2. Naphthalene
3. distillation
4. fractional distillation
5. absorptions

V. Very short answers.

Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Solution Chapter 10 Matter Around Us Question 1.
Differentiate between absorption and adsorption.

Answer:
Absorption Adsorption
It is the process by which atoms, molecules, or ions enter a bulk phase (liquid, gas, solid) It is the adhesion of atoms, ions or molecules from a gas, liquid or dissolved solid to a surface

Matter Around Us Book Back Answers Question 2.
Define sublimation.
Answer:
Certain solids change directly to a gas without passing through the liquid is called sublimation.

Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Solutions Chapter 10 Matter Question 3.
A few drops of ‘Dettol’ when added to water the mixture turns turbid. Why?
Answer:
The mixture turns turbid, because of emulsion,
(Disperse phase and Dispersion medium are liquid).

9th Class Matter Around Us Lesson Question 4.
Name the apparatus that you will use of separate the components of mixtures containing two,

1. Miscible liquids,
2. Immiscible liquids

Answer:

1. Miscible liquids – Fractional distillation (Fractionating column and Liebig) Condenser
2. Immiscible liquids – Separating funnel

Matter Around Us 9th Class Question 5.
Name the components in each of the following mixtures.

1. Ice cream
2. Lemonade
3. Air
4. Soil

Answer:

1. The main constituents of ice cream are fat, milk solids (skim-milk powder), sugar, gelatin, egg and flavouring.
2. Lemonade is a mixture of lemon juice, sugar and water.
3. Air is a mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapour and other gases.
4. Soil is a mixture of clay, sand and various salts.

VI. Short answers.

Matter Around Us Class 9 Book Back Answers Question 1.
Which of the following are pure substances? Ice, Milk, Iron, Hydrochloric acid, Mercury, Brick and Water.
Answer:
Ice, Iron, Hydrochloric acid, Mercury and water are pure substances.

Chapter 10 Matter Around Us Question 2.
Oxygen is very essential for us to live. It forms 21% of air by volume. Is it an element or compound?
Answer:
Oxygen is an element. It contains the atoms of oxygen of the same kind.

Samacheerkalvi.Guru Science 9th Question 3.
You have just won a medal made of 22-carat gold. Have you just procured a pure substance or impure substance?
Answer:
I have procured an impure substance. It is made of 22 parts of pure gold and 2 parts of copper or silver.

Matter Around Us Lesson Question 4.
How will you separate a mixture containing saw dust, naphthalene and iron filings?
Answer:
When a magnet is brought near the mixture containing saw dust naphthalene and iron filings, it attracts the iron filings. Thus iron filings are separated.

The mixture of naphthalene and saw dust are put in a china dish and covered with a perforated asbestos sheet. An inverted funnel is placed over the asbestos sheet.

The open end of the stem of the funnel is closed, using cotton wool. The china dish is heated. The pure vapours of naphthalene solid pass through the holes in the asbestos sheet and condense on the inner side of the funnel. The saw dust is left in the china dish.

Matter Around Us Class 9 Question 5.
How are homogenous solutions different from heterogeneous solution? Explain with examples.
Answer:

VII. Long Answer.

Question 1.
Write the differences between elements and compounds and give an example for each.
Answer:

Question 2.
Explain Tyndall effect and Brownian movement with suitable diagram.
A. Tyndall Effect:

When a strong beam of light is focused on a colloidal solution the path of the beam becomes visible.
This phenomenon is called as Tyndall effect. The illuminated path is called Tyndall cone. This phenomenon is due to scattering of light by colloidal particles.

B. Brownian movement:

It is a kinetic property. When colloidal solution are viewed under powerful microscope, it can be seen that colloidal particles are moving constantly and rapidly in zig-zag directions. The Brownian movement of particles is due to the unbalanced bombardment of the particles by the molecules of dispersion medium.

Question 3.
How is a mixture of common salt, oil and water separated?
You can use a combination of different methods.
Answer:
The mixture of common salt, oil and water are taken in a beaker. The salt dissolves in water. Allow it to stand for a few minutes. The mixture of two immiscible liquids is separated by a separating funnel. The oil floats on top. The water can carefully be separated by opening the stopcock in the separating funnel. The oil is left behind in the separating funnel.

The salt water is heated slowly, in a distillation flask with a water condenser. The pure water vapour passes through the inner tube of the condenser.

The vapours on cooling condense into pure water and are collected in a receiver. The salt is left behind in the flask as a residue.

Activity

Question 1.
Make models of the molecules of compounds by using match sticks and clay balls as shown below,

Answer:

Question 2.
Take some powdered iron filings and mix it with sulphur.

1. Divide the mixture into two equal halves.
2. Keep the first half of the mixture as it is, but heat the second half of the mixture.
3. You will get a grey brittle compound.

Answer:
Iron + Sulphur \(\stackrel{\Delta}{\longrightarrow}\) Iron sulphide
We cannot separate iron from iron sulphide. So, it is a compound, whereas Iron and Sulphur are mixtures. We can separate it by magnetic separation method.

Question 3.
Identify whether the given substance is mixture or compound and justify your answer.

Answer:

II. Match the following.

Answer:

1. (c) Hidden heat
2. (f) Colloid
3. (g) Flows freely
4. (e) Homogenous mixture
5. (b) Heterogeneous mixture
6. (d) Fractional distillation
7. (a) Separating funnel

III. State which the following statements are true or false. If false give the correct statement.

1. Supernatant denotes the heterogeneous mixture, lying above a solid residue, after crystallization, precipitation, centrifugation or other process – False.
   Correct Statement: Supernatant denotes the liquid lying above a solid residue after crystallization, precipitation, centrifugation or other process.
2. Liquids cannot be compressed and they have fixed volume – True
3. The intensity of scattered light depends on the type of colloidal solution and the size of the colloidal particles – True
4. In Aerosol the dispersed phase is liquid and the dispersion medium is gas – False.
   Correct Statement: In Aerosol, The dispersed phase is solid and the dispersion medium is gas.
5. When the solid (Solute) dissolves in a liquid (Solvent), it become a solution – True
6. Solids possess very high kinetic energy – False.
   Correct Statement: Gases possess very high kinetic energy.
7. Celsius scale is a scale of temperature in which zero represents the melting point of ice and 100 represents the boiling point of water – True

IV. Answer very shortly.

Question 1.
What is a matter?
Answer:
Anything which has mass and occupies space (volume) is called matter.

Question 2.
What is dry ice or cardice?
Answer:
Frozen carbon dioxide, is dry ice or cardice.

Question 3.
What are the uses of dry ice?
Answer:

1. Act as a cooling agent
2. Industrial refrigeration
3. Transporting frozen food.
4. It does not leave any liquid behind, as it directly changes into gas.

Question 4.
When does the pressure of the gas increase?
Answer:
When the volume of the gas decreases, the gas gets compressed. The particles of the gas have only lesser space to move around. So the particles start hitting on the walls of the container and the pressure of the gas increases.

Question 5.
Complete the following table:

Solution:

Question 6.
What does the LPG (Liquefied petroleum gas) contain?
Answer:
LPG is a highly inflammable hydrocarbon. It contains a mixture of butane and propane gases.

Question 7.
What are pure substances? Give examples.
Answer:
Pure substances contain only one kind of particles.
Eg: 1. Element (Sodium, Bromine, and Hydrogen)
2. Compound (Sodium chloride, water, carbon dioxide)

Question 8.
What are impure substances? Give examples.
Answer:
Impure substances contain more than one kind of particles.
Eg: Mixtures (Gun powder, which is a mixture of sulphur potassium nitrate and charcoal)

Question 9.
Classify the pure substance on the basis of chemical composition.
Answer:

Question 10.
Classify the types of mixtures.
Answer:

Question 11.
Write a few examples for the following colloids.
Answer:

1. Gels – Hair cream, tooth paste
2. Foam – Soap bubbles, carbonated beverages.
3. Solid foam – Bread, Mattresses
4. Emulsion – Milk, butter, paints, facial cream, pesticides

Question 12.
Name the two phases in separation of the mixtures in chromatography.
Answer:

1. Mobile phase
2. Stationary phase

Question 13.
What is absorption? Give example.
Answer:
Absorption is the process in which the substance is dissolved throughout the bulk of another substance.
Eg: Paper soaks up or absorbs water.

Question 14.
What is adsorption? Give example.
Answer:
Adsorption is the process in which particles of a substances, adhere to a surface of another substance.
Eg: Charcoal adsorbs gases on its surface.

V. Answer the following in detail.

Question 1.
Explain the factors, which will affect the rate of evaporation, taking examples from our daily life experiences.
Answer:

1. Temperature: Warmer the evaporation surface, the higher the rate of evaporation. In ponds, lakes and rivers, the rate of evaporation is more in sunny days.
2. Surface area: The evaporation increase, with the increase of surface area. Eg: The water kept in a saucer evaporates faster than the water kept in a glass.
3. Humidity: The amount of water vapour is high during rainy season. The air can hold little water. So it slows down the evaporation. So we sweat and perspire.
4. Wind: The evaporation is slow at low wind. Evaporation is faster at high wind. The particles of water move away, along with the particles of air at high wind. So the wet clothes dry faster on a windy day.

Question 2.
Compare boiling and evaporation.
Answer:

Question 3.
Classify colloids based on physical state of dispersed phase and dispersion medium.
Answer:

Question 4.
Write the methods of separation for the following:
Answer:

• Separation of insoluble solids from liquids
  Filtration and Decantation
• The separation of fine and tiny particles of solid which do not settle at the bottom.
  Centrifugation
• Separation of soluble solids from liquids
  Evaporation and crystallization
• Separation of miscible liquids which do not differ much in their boiling points
  Fractional distillation
• Separation of two immiscible liquids
  Separating funnel
• Separation of different fractions of petroleum
  Fractional distillation with fractionating column
• Separation of mixture containing volatile and non-volatile solids.
  Sublimation.

Question 5.
Write the differences between mixture and compounds.
Answer:

You can Download Samacheer Kalvi 8th Science Book Solutions Guide Pdf, Tamilnadu State Board help you to revise the complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 8th Science Solutions Term 1 Chapter 2 Forces and Pressure

Samacheer Kalvi 8th Science Forces and Pressure Text Book Exercises

I. Choose the best answer

Define One Atmosphere Class 8 Question 1.
If we apply a force against the direction of motion of a body, then the body will –
(a) Stop moving
(b) Move with an increased speed
(c) Move with a decreased speed
(d) Move in a different direction
Answer:
(a) stop moving

Force And Pressure Class 8 Book Back Answers Question 2.
Pressure exerted by a liquid is increased by –
(a) The density of the liquid
(b) The height of the liquid column
(c) Both (a) & (b)
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(c) Both (a) & (b)

Force And Pressure Class 8 Samacheer Question 3.
Unit of pressure is –
(a) Pascal
(b) N m^-2
(c) Poise
(d) Both (a) & (b)
Answer:
(d) Both (a) & (b)]

Force And Pressure Class 8 Samacheer Kalvi Question 4.
The value of the atmospheric pressure at sea level is –
(a) 76 cm of mercury column
(b) 760 cm of mercury column
(c) 176 cm of mercury column
(d) 7.6 cm of mercury column
Answer:
(a) 76 cm of mercury column

Samacheer Kalvi Guru 8th Science Question 5.
Pascal’s law is used in –
(a) Hydraulic lift
(b) Brake system
(c) Pressing heavy bundles
(d) All the above
Answer:
(d) All the above

Define One Atmosphere Answer Question 6.
Which of the following liquids has more viscosity?
(a) Grease
(b) Water
(c) Coconut oil
(d) Ghee
Answer:
(a) Grease

8th Standard Science Force And Pressure Question 7.
The unit of viscosity is –
(a) N m²
(b) Poise
(c) kg m s^-1
(d) No unit
Answer:
(b) poise

II. Fill in the blanks

1. The pressure of a liquid column …………….. with the depth of the column.
2. Hydraulic lift works under the principle of ………………
3. The property of …………… of a liquid surface enables the water droplets to move upward in plants. [Ans. surface tension]
4. A simple barometer was first constructed by ……………..

Answer:

1. Increases
2. Pascal’s Law
3. Surface tension
4. Torricelli

III. State whether the following statements are true or false

Samacheer Kalvi Question 1.
Force acting on a given area is called pressure.
Answer:
True

Define Force Class 8 Question 2.
A moving body comes to rest due to friction alone.
Answer:
True

Force And Pressure For Class 8 Question 3.
A body will sink if the weight of the body is greater than the buoyant force.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
One atmosphere is equivalent to 1,00,000 newton force acting on one square metre.
Answer:
True

Question 5.
Rolling friction is slightly greater than the sliding friction.
Answer:
False
Correct statement:
Rolling friction is slightly lesser than the sliding friction.

Question 6.
Friction is the only reason for the loss of energy.
Answer:
True

Question 7.
Liquid pressure decreases with the decrease of depth.
Answer:
True

Question 8.
Using barometers, one can measure the height of a building.
Answer:
False
Correct statement:
Using barometers, one can measure the atmospheric pressure.

Question 9.
Surface tension causes the spherical nature of a water drop.
Answer:
True

Question 10.
Viscosity depends on the pressure of a liquid.
Answer:
True

IV. Arrange the following in the increasing order

Question 1.
Rolling friction, static friction, sliding friction
Answer:
Static friction, Rolling friction, Sliding friction.

Question 2.
Let a marble roll on the following surfaces. Arrange the choice of the material such that a marble moving over it covers a greater distance.
Cotton cloth, glass plate, paper, card board, silver plate
Answer:
Glass plate, silver plate, paper, cotton cloth, card board.

V. Match the following

Question 1.

Answer:

i. e
ii. c
iii. b
iv. a
v. d

Question 2.

Answer:

i. b
ii. d
iii. e
iv. a
v. c

VI. Analogy

Question 1.
Knot in a thread : ______ friction :: ball bearing : friction ______
Answer:
Rolling, Static.

Question 2.
Downward force : weight :: Upward force offered by liquid : ______
Answer:
Buoyant force.

VII. Problems

Question 1.
A stone weighs 500 N. Calculate the pressure exerted by it if it makes a contact with a surface of area 25 cm2.
Answer:
Given : Weight of a stone F = 500 No
Area A = 25 cm² = 25 x 10^-4 m²
To find : Pressure P = ?
Formula :

Solution:
Pressure P = 20 x 10⁴N/m² (or) 20 x 10⁴ Pa

Question 2.
In a hydraulic lift, the surface area of the input piston is 10 cm². The surface area of the output piston is 3000 cm². A 100 N force applied to the input piston raises the output piston. Calculate the force required to raise the output piston.
Answer:
Solution:
Pressure input on piston,

According to Pascal’s law
P =\(\frac { F }{ A}\)
P = \(\frac { F}{ A }\)
10⁵ = \(\frac { F }{ 3000 x 10^-4}\) = \(\frac { F x 10^-4}{ 3000 }\)
l0^-4 x F = 10⁵ x 30OO
F = 3000×10¹
= 3 x 10⁴ N

VIII. Assertion & Reason

Mark the correct choice as :
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) If the assertion is true, but the reason is false.
(d) If the assertion is false, but the reason is true.

Question 1.
Assertion : Sharp knives are used to cut the vegetables.
Reason : Sharp edges exert more pressure.
Answer:
(a) Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion

Question 2.
Assertion : Broad straps are used in bags.
Reason : Broad straps last for long life.
Answer:
(b) Both assertion and reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion
Correct explanation:
The weight of the bags falls on larger area of shoulder. So lesser pressure is produced.

Question 3.
Assertion : Water strider slides easily on the surface of water.
Reason : Water strider experiences less buoyant force.
Answer:
(b) If both assertion and reason are true, but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion
Correct explanation :
It is due to the surface tension of water.

IX. Answer the following in one or two sentences (LOT)

Question 1.
Give two examples to verify that a force changes the shape of a body.
Answer:
Force can change the static condition of a body.

1. If you squeeze a sponge, its shape changes.
2. If you pull a rubber band, it becomes longer.

Question 2.
Give two examples to verify that a force tends to change the static condition of a body.
Answer:
Force can change the static condition of a body.

1. A rest rubber ball begins to move, when a force applied on it.
2. Player applies a force on the stationary football while taking a penalty kick is football match. The force applied by player makes the football move towards the goal.

Question 3.
Taking out paste from a tooth paste tube is an example to highlight which physical property?
Answer:
Pascal’s law.

Question 4.
What do you feel when you touch a nail immediately after it is hammered into a wooden plank? Why?
Answer:
The nail becomes hot due to friction. Friction changes kinetic energy to heat.

Question 5.
How does the friction arise between the surfaces of two bodies in relative motion?
Answer:
The force of friction is arised by the interlocking of the irregularities of the two surfaces.

Question 6.
Name two instruments, which help to measure the pressure of a fluid.
Answer:

1. Manometer
2. Pressure gauge.

Question 7.
Define one atmosphere.
Answer:
The pressure exerted by this mercury column is considered as the pressure of magnitude ‘one atmosphere’ (1 atm).

Question 8.
Why are heavy bags provided with broad straps?
Answer:
Broader straps are provided on a back – pack for giving less pressure on the shoulders by providing a larger area of contact with the shoulder.

Question 9.
How does surface tension help a plant?
Answer:
Water molecules rise up due to surface tension. Xylem tissues are very narrow vessels present in plants. Water molecules are absorbed by the roots and these vessels help the water to rise upward due to “capillarity action” which is caused by the surface tension of water.

Question 10.
Which has greater viscosity, oil or honey? Why?
Answer:
Honey has greater viscosity.
Reason : Thicker liquids are more viscous than thinner liquids. As honey has greater viscosity, more frictional force will be acting on it.

X. Answer the following questions with a few sentences (MOT)

Question 1.
Define friction. Give two examples of the utility of friction in day to day life.
Answer:
Friction : Friction is a force that shows down moving objects or prevents stationary objects from moving.
Examples of the utility of friction in day to day life.

• Cars and buses are able to move safely on the road because of friction between the treaded tyres and the surface of the road.
• We are able to write on paper only with the help of friction between the pencil or pen and paper.

Question 2.
Write down three ways of minimising friction.
Answer:
1. By using lubricants:
These are applied to surfaces to reduce the friction between the surfaces. Example Oil, wax, grease and castor oil.

2. With the help of polishing the surface:
We sprinkle fine powder on the carrom board and then we polish its surface to make smooth so that the striker slides easily on the surface.

3. By using ball bearing:
We use leadshots in bearing of a cycle hub because rolling friction is smaller than sliding friction.

Question 3.
How do sailors protect their ship during a heavy storm?
Answer:
During a heavy storm, sailors pour soap powder or oil into the sea near their ship to decrease the surface tension of sea water. This process reduces the impact of the violent water current against the wall of ship.

Question 4.
Write down three applications of Pascal’s law.
Answer:

1. In an automobile service station, the vehicles are lifted upward using the hydraulic lift, which works as per Pascal’s law.
2. The automobile brake system works according to Pascal’s law.
3. The hydraulic press is used to make the compressed bundles of cotton or cloth so as to occupy less space.

Question 5.
Why is a ball bearing used in a cycle hub?
Answer:
The rolling friction is smaller than sliding friction, sliding is replaced by rolling with the usage of ball bearings. So lead shots are used in the bearing of a cycle hub.

XI. Answer the following questions in detail

Question 1.
“Friction is a necessary evil”- explain.
Answer:
Friction is a necessity in most of our day to day activities. It is desirable in most situations of our daily life.

1. We can hold any object in our hand due to friction.
2. We can walk on the road because of friction. The footwear and the ground help us to walk without slipping.
3. Writing easily with a pen on paper is due to friction.
4. Automobiles can move safely due to friction between the tyres and the road. Brakes can be applied due to frictional resistance on brake shoes.
5. We are able to light a matchstick, sew clothes, tie a knot or fix a nail in the wall because of friction.

Though it is giving a negative effect, in most of our day to day life friction helps us to make our life easy. So, it is called as “necessary evil”.

Disadvantages of friction:

1. Friction wears out the surfaces rubbing with each other, like screws and gears in machines or soles of shoes.
2. To overcome the friction an excess amount of effort has to be given to operate a machine. This leads to wastage of energy.

Question 2.
Give the different types of friction and explain each with an example.
Answer:
Friction can be classified into two basic types:

1. Static friction
2. Kinetic friction.

1. Static friction : The friction experienced by the bodies, which are at rest is called static friction. (E.g : All the objects rigidly placed to be at rest on the Earth, a knot in a thread.

2. Kinetic friction : Friction existing during the motion of bodies is called kinetic friction.

Further, kinetic friction can be classified into two:

• Sliding friction
• Rolling friction.

1. Sliding friction : When a body slides over the surface of another body, the friction acting between the surfaces in contact is called sliding friction.

2. Rolling friction : When a body rolls over another surface, the friction acting between the surfaces in contact is called rolling friction. Rolling friction is less than sliding friction. That is why wheels are provided in vehicles, trolleys, suitcases etc.

Question 3.
Describe an experiment to prove that friction depends on the nature of a surface.
Answer:
To understand about the frictional force between the layers of liquid in motion.
Materials required : Different kinds of liquid (coconut oil, honey, water, ghee), glass plates – 4 nos.
Procedure :

• Take a small quantity of different kinds of liquid like coconut oil, honey, water and ghee etc., in a cup.
• Place one drop of each liquid on a separate glass plate.
• Next, gently raise one end of the glass plate, one by one, so as to allow the liquid to slide down the smooth surface of the plate.
• Observe the speed of each liquid.

Observation:
Each liquid moves with a different speed. Water flows faster than other liquids. Coconut oil flows with a moderate speed. Ghee flows very slowly.

Inference:
Between the layers of each liquid, in motion, there is a frictional force parallel to the layers of the liquid. This frictional force opposes the motion of the liquid layers while they are in motion.

Question 4.
Explain how friction can be minimised.
Answer:
1. Using lubricants:

• A substance, which reduces the frictional force, is called a lubricant. Example: Grease, coconut oil, graphite, castor oil, etc.
• The lubricants fill up the gaps in the irregular surfaces between the bodies in contact. This provides a smooth layer thus preventing a direct contact between their rough surfaces.

2. Using ball bearing:
Since, the rolling friction is smaller than sliding friction, sliding is replaced by rolling with the usage of ball bearings. We can see lead shots in the bearing of a cycle hub.

Question 5.
Describe an experiment to prove that the pressure in a liquid increases with depth.
Answer:
Take a plastic bottle. Punch three holes on its side in the same direction, but at different heights. Now pour some water into it and let it flow through the holes. Observe the flow of water.

Inference:
The water comes out from all the holes with a different force and falls on the table at points that are at variable distances from the bottle. Water from the lowest hole comes out with the greatest force and falls at a point that is at the maximum distance from the bottle. Water from the topmost hole comes out with the least force and falls at the point that is at the minimum distance from the bottle.

Reason:
This activity confirms that the pressure in a liquid varies with the depth of the point of observation in it.

XII. Hot Corner

Question 1.
Why is it not advisable to take a fountain pen while travelling in an aeroplane?
Answer:
Fountain pens are built in such a way that the pressure inside them balances the atmospheric pressure at sea level. Since atmospheric pressure decreases with an increase in height above sea level, the pressure inside the pen turns out to be much greater than the air pressure in an aeroplane and the pen starts leaking.

Question 2.
Is there any possibility of making a special device to measure the magnitude of friction directly?
Answer:
Yes. Tribometer is a special device to measure the magnitude of friction directly.

Question 3.
Vidhya posts a question: Mercury is costly. So, instead of mercury can we use water as a barometric liquid? Answer to Vidhya and explain, the difficulty of constructing a water barometer.
Answer:

1. Mercury is commonly used in barometers because of its high density means the height of the column can be a reasonable size to measure atmospheric pressure.
2. A barometer using water, for instance, would need to be 13.6 times taller than a mercury barometer to obtain the same pressure difference.
3. This is because mercury is 13.6 times more dense than water.

Question 4.
A bubble rises from the bottom of a pond to its surface by increasing its radius by 3 times its value when it was at the bottom. Calculate the depth of the pond. (Hint: Pressure depends on the depth of the pond. Volume is inversely related to pressure.)[Science Olympiad]
Answer:
Solution:
From Boyle’s law P x \(\frac { 1 }{ v}\) (Pressure is inversely proportional to volume)
Initial pressure P₁ = Atmospheric pressure + Pressure of liquid column
∴ p₁ = hpg + Hpg
h = depth of the pond
H = 10 m of water
V₁ \(\frac { 4 }{ 3}\) πr³
P₂ = Hpg
V₂ = \(\frac { 4 }{ 3}\) π(3r)³ = \(\frac { 4 }{ 3}\) x 27 r³ x π
Hence by substituting these values,
P₁ V₁ = P₂ V₂

Samacheer Kalvi 8th Science Solutions Forces and Pressure Additional Questions

I. Choose the correct answer

Question 1.
The SI unit of pressure is ……………..
(a) \(\frac { kg }{ { m }^{ 3 } } \)
(b) \(\frac { kg }{ { m }^{ 2 } } \)
(c) Pascal
(d) Newton
Answer:
(c) Pascal

Question 2.
The wear and tear in the machine part is due to …………….
(a) Electrostatic force
(b) Frictional force
(c) Muscular force
(d) Gravitational force
Answer:
(b) frictional force

Question 3.
Which of the following increases friction?
(a) Lubricant
(b) Treads on a tyre
(c) Streamlining
(d) Polishing
Answer:
(b) Treads on a tyre

Question 4.
The total force exerted by a body normal to the surface is called …………….
(a) Pressure
(b) Thrust
(c) force of gravity
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) Thrust

Question 5.
The atmospheric pressure on the surface of the earth is about ………………
(a) 10<sup-5 Nm^-2
(b) 10⁴Nm^-2
(c) 10⁵ Nm^-2
(d) 10³Nm^-2
Answer:
(c) 10⁵ Nm^-2

Question 6.
The SI unit of force is ……………
(a) Dyne
(b) Newton
(c) Pascal
(d) Newton second
Answer:
(b) Newton

II. Fill in the Blanks

1. If the same force is made to act on a larger area, the pressure …………….
2. At the given depth, a liquid exerts 1 pressure in all directions.
3. The pressure exerted by the air around us is called …………… pressure.
4. At higher altitudes, atmospheric pressure is …………….
5. Friction depends on the ……………… of two surfaces in contact.

Answer:

1. Decreases
2. Equal
3. Atmospheric
4. Less
5. Nature

III. True or False – if false give the correct statement:

Question 1.
A push or pull on an object is called force.
Answer:
True.

Question 2.
Pressure can be increased by decreasing the force.
Answer:
False
Correct statement:
Pressure can be increased by increasing the force.

Question 3.
All flowing substances such as liquids or gases are called fluids.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
The pressure exerted by air is called atmospheric pressure.
Answer:
True

Question 5.
Pressure is directly proportional to the area of contact.
Answer:
False
Correct statement:
Pressure is inversely proportional to the area of contact.

Question 6.
The pressure in a liquid is the same at all depths.
Answer:
False
Correct statement:
The pressure in a liquid increases with depth.

IV. Match the following

Question 1.

Answer:

i. b,
ii. c
iii. e
iv. a
v. d

Question 2.

Answer:

i. c
ii. a
iii. e
iv. b
v. d

V. Analogy

Question 1.
Liquid pressure : ______ :: Atmospheric Pressure :______.
Answer:
Manometer, Barometer.

Question 2.
Broader straps : ______ :: Thin needles : ______.
Answer:
Lowers pressure, High pressure.

Question 3.
Pascal’s law : ______:: Surface tensin : ______.
Answer:
Hydraulic brake, Capillary action.

Question 4.
Viscous force : ______ :: Buoyant force : ______.
Answer:
Viscosity, Buoyancy.

Question 5.
Objects placed at rest on earth : ______ :: Bodies slide over the surface on other body : ______.
Answer:
Static friction, Sliding friction.

VI. Assertion and Reason

Mark the correct choice as :
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) If the assertion is true, but the reason is false.
(d) If the assertion is false, but the reason is true.

Question 1.
Assertion : Force is defined as a push or pull acting on a body.
Reason : CGS unit of force is newton.
Answer:
(c) The assertion is true, but the reason is false

Question 2.
Assertion : Friction always opposes the motion.
Reason : Whenever one surface moves or tries to move over another surface, the force of friction starts acting on the surfaces.
Answer:
(d) The assertion is false, but the reason is true

Question 3.
Assertion : The pressure at the bottom of the sea is lesser than that near the surface.
Reason : The pressure exerted by a liquid depends upon the depth of the liquid and density of the liquid.
Answer:
(d) The assertion is false, but the reason is true

Question 4.
Assertion : We can live very happily if friction is not present in nature.
Reason : Aeroplane shape is streamlined to reduce the effort of frictional force.
Answer:
(d) The assertion is false, but the reason is true

Question 5.
Assertion : There is danger of a vehicle skidding on a wet road.
Reason : The tyres of the vehicle lose their grip on the road due to increase in friction due to presence of water on the road.
Answer:
(c) The assertion is true, but the reason is false

VII. Very short Answers

Question 1.
Write the SI unit of force.
Answer:
Newton (N).

Question 2.
Write the SI unit of pressure.
Answer:
Pascal (Pa).

Question 3.
Mention the factors that the effect of a force depend.
Answer:

1. Magnitude of the force
2. The area over which it acts.

Question 4.
Name the material which is used to reduce friction.
Answer:
Lubricant.

Question 5.
What is lateral pressure?
Answer:
Liquid exerts pressure on the walls of the container also. This is called lateral pressure.

Question 6.
What is thrust?
Answer:
The force acting normally on a surface is called thrust.

Question 7.
Name an instrument used to measure the difference in the liquid pressure.
Answer:
Barometer.

Question 8.
Mention the two types of forces.
Answer:

1. Contact force
2. Non – contact force.

Question 9.
State whether the liquids and gases also exerts pressure.
Answer:
Yes, both the liquids and gases also exerts pressure.

Question 10.
In ‘tug of war’ when two teams pull equally hard, then what happens?
Answer:
In ‘tug of war’ when two teams pull equally hard, then the rope does not move in any direction.

VIII. Short Answer

Question 1.
Define force. Mention its SI unit.
Answer:
Force is that which changes or tends to change:

1. The state of rest or
2. The state of uniform motion of a body or
3. The direction of a moving body or
4. The shape of a body.

Question 2.
Does the palm apply any force on the ball, when we place our palm in front of a moving ball?
Answer:
Yes, when we place our palm in front of a moving ball, then the palm apply a force on the moving ball and stop it.

Question 3.
Briefly explain how do we experience force in our daily life.
Answer:
Since, there are many actions which give us the feeling of force like we hit or catch many objects in our regular routine. Most of the times, we see that the moving ball stops after sometime and it changes the direction of motion when it is hit by a bat also, when we compress a spring, its shape and size changes.

Question 4.
Can you lift or push a book lying on a table without touching it?
Answer:
No, we cannot lift or push a book lying on a table without touching it, because it is a type of contact forces.

Question 5.
Explain the effect on the pressure when area on which it is applied, decreases.
Answer:
As, we know that pressure is defined as the force acting on a unit area of a surface, then,
Force
Pressure = \(\frac { Force }{ Area}\)
P = \(\frac { F }{ A}\)
p ∝ \(\frac { 1 }{ A}\)
So, pressure is inversely proportional to the area on which force is applied. Therefore with the decrease in area the pressure increases.

Question 6.
Explain the variation of the pressure exerted by liquid with respect to following factors.

1. Amount of liquid
2. Depth
3. Shape and size of container

Answer:
The variation of pressure exerted by liquid with respect to the above factors can be given by,

1. Pressure in a liquid increases with the amount of liquid.
2. Pressure in a liquid increases with depth.
3. Pressure of liquid is independent of shape and size of container.

Question 7.
Give two examples to reduce friction.
Answer:

1. Drops of oil are poured on the hinges of a door to move the door smoothly,
2. Fine powder are sprinkled on the carrom board to reduce friction.

Question 8.
Explain why the cutting instruments are sharpened.
Answer:
Cutting instruments have very small area of cross – section, which lead to the increase in pressure. So they can easily penetrate the surface (pressure is inversely proportional to area). That’s why cutting instruments are usually very much sharpened.

Question 9.
Cooking in a place located at a higher attitude is difficult. Why?
Answer:
At a higher altitude, due to the lack of atmospheric pressure the boiling point of a substance reduces. So, the water boils even at 80° C. At this temperature, the thermal energy that is produced is not sufficient enough for baking or cooking. So, cooking is difficult at higher altitude.

Question 10.
Write about buoyant force.
Answer:

1. An upward force is exerted by water on a floating or a partly submerged body. This upward force is called buoyant force. The phenomenon is known as “buoyancy”.
2. This force is not only exerted by liquids, but also by gases. Liquids and gases together are called fluids.
3. This upward force decides whether an object will sink or float. If the weight of the object is less than the upward force, then the object will float. If not, it will sink.

IX. Long Answer

Question 1.
Explain the advantages and disadvantages of friction.
Answer:
Advantages of friction : Friction is a necessity in most of our day to day activities. It is desirable in most situations of our daily life.

1. We can hold any object in our hand due to friction.
2. We can walk on the road because of friction. The footwear and the ground help us to walk without slipping.
3. Writing easily with a pen on paper is due to friction.
4. Automobiles can move safely due to friction between the tyres and the road. Brakes can be applied due to frictional resistance on brake shoes.
5. We are able to light a matchstick, sew clothes, tie a knot or fix a nail in the wall because of friction. Though it is giving a negative effect, in most of our day to day life friction helps us to make our life easy. So, it is called as “necessary evil”.

Disadvantages of friction:

1. Friction wears out the surfaces rubbing with each other, like screws and gears in machines or soles of shoes.
2. To overcome the friction an excess amount of effort has to be given to operate a machine. This leads to wastage of energy.
3. Friction produces heat, which causes physical damage to the machines.

Question 2.
Define Pascal’s law. Explain the applications of Pascal’s law in our daily life.
Answer:
Pascal’s law : The pressure applied at any point of a liquid at rest, in a closed system, will be distributed equally through all regions of the liquid.
Application of Pascal’s law : Some of the following examples highlight their working according to Pascal’s law.

1. In an automobile service station, the vehicles are lifted upward using the hydraulic lift, which works as per Pascal’s law.
2. The automobile brake system works according to Pascal’s law.
3. The hydraulic press is used to make the compressed bundles of cotton or cloth so as to occupy less space.

Question 3.
What is surface tension? Explain the applications of surface tension.
Answer:
Surface tension is the property of a liquid. The molecules of a liquid experience a force, which contracts the extent of their surface area as much as possible, so as to have the minimum value. Thus, the amount of force acting per unit length, on the surface of a liquid is called surface tension.

Application of surface tension:

1. Water molecules rise up due to surface tension. Xylem tissues are very narrow vessels present in plants. Water molecules are absorbed by the roots and these vessels help the water to rise upward due to “capillarity action” which is caused by the surface tension of water.

2. For a given volume, the surface area of a sphere is the minimum. This is the reason for the liquid drops to acquire a spherical shape.

3. Water strider insect slides on the water surface easily due to the surface tension of water.

4. During a heavy storm, sailors pour soap powder or oil into the sea near their ship to decrease the surface tension of sea water. This process reduces the impact of the violent water current against the all of ship.

Question 4.
Briefly explain the concept of variation of atmospheric pressure.
Answer:

1. Atmospheric pressure vary from place to place and from time to time due to variation in temperature. Even, the density of air decreases with the increase in temperature.
2. So, as a result, the atmospheric pressure also decreases. The atmospheric pressure at a place is because of the weight of air above it.
3. So, if we go higher above the earth surface, the atmospheric pressure decreases, thus at mountain top the pressure is less. The atmospheric pressure at sea level is considered as standard pressure.

X. Thinking Comer : HOTS

Question 1.
Why dams are made stronger and thicker at the bottom that at the top?
Answer:
This is because the pressure of the water is much greater deeper down and the damneeds to be thick at the bottom so that is strong enough to withstand this larger pressure.

Question 2.
Why do scuba divers wear a special suit while they go into deep sea levels?
Answer:
Pressure deep under the sea is so high that if the divers don’t wear specially designed suits, the water pressure will crush their body.

Question 3.
Why are rain drop spherical in nature?
Answer:

1. Surface tension is responsible for the shape of liquid droplets. Although easily deformed, droplets of water tend to be pulled into a spherical shape by the cohesive force of the surface layer.
2. In the absence of other force including gravity drops of virtually all liquids would be approximately spherical.

Question 4.
A liquid flowing out of a very small opening of a tube or tap comes out in the form of fine drops and not as a continuous stream. Why?
Answer:
For a given volume, the surface area of a sphere is the minimum. This is the reason for the liquid drops to acquire a spherical shape.

Question 5.
Trees are greenish. They are greenish at the tip too. How does the water rise upward in a tree or plant against the force of gravity?
Answer:

1. Water can travel to great heights inside plants. Water moves up the xylem through a process called capillary action.
2. During transpiration, water evaporates from holes in the surface of leaves into the air. As water molecules evaporate from plant leaves, they attract the water molecules still in the plant, helping to pull water up through the stems from the roots.

XI. Problems for practice

Question 1.
Determine the pressure when a force of 200 N acts on area

1. 20 m²
2. 8 m²

Answer:
1. Pressure P = \(\frac { F }{ A}\)
F = 200 N, A = 20 m²
P = \(\frac { 200}{ 20}\)= 10N/m²or 10 Pa

2. A = 8 m²
P = \(\frac { 200}{ 8}\) = 25 N/m² or 25 Pa

Question 2.
A force of 20 N acts over an area of 4 cm² Find the value of pressure? (in Nm^-2)
Answer:
Given:
Pressure = \(\frac { F }{ A}\)
F = 20 N
A = 4 cm² = 4 x 10^-2m
Solution:
P = \(\frac { F }{ A}\) = \(\frac { 20 }{ 4 x 10^-2 }\)
= 5 x 10²
= 500 Nm^-2 (or) 500 pack

Question 3.
What will be the force required to exert a pressure of 20,000 Pa on an area of 1 cm².
Answer:
Given:
P = 20,000 Pa
A = 1 cm² = 1 x 10^-4 m²
Formula:
p = \(\frac { F }{ A}\)
F =P x A
Solution:
= 20,000 x 10^-4
= 2 x 10^-4 x 10^-4
= 2 N.

Question 4.
Calculate the area of a 1500 N object that exerts a pressure of 500 Pa.
Answer:
Given:
P = 500 Pa
F = 1500N
Formula:
p = \(\frac { F }{ A}\)
A = \(\frac { F }{ P}\)
Solution:
= \(\frac { 1500}{ 500}\)
= 3m²

XII. Cross word puzzle

Across:
1. The mixture of gases that surrounds the Earth or some other celestial body.
3. A force acting normal to a surface.
5. The pressure exerted by air.
7. Something that causes a body to move, change its speed or direction, or distorts its shape.
9. The upward force that fluids exert on all matter.

Down:
2. A unit used to measure pressure.
4. A unit used to measure force.
6. Amount of force applied per unit area.
8. An instrument for measuring atmospheric pressure.
10. The pressure exerted at any point on a enclosed liquid is transmitted equally and undiminished in all directions.

Answer:

1. Atmosphere
3. Thrust
5. Atmospheric Pressure
7. Force
9. Upthrust

Down:
2. Pascal
4. Newton
6. Pressure
8. Barometer
10. Pascals Law

Students can Download English Lesson 1 Journey by Train Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes Pdf, Activity, Samacheer Kalvi 7th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 7th English Solutions Term 3 Prose Chapter 1 Journey by Train

Read And Understand

A. Fill in the table
Answer:

B. Answer the questions briefly

Journey By Train 7th Standard Question 1.
Who inhabited the jungles that the train passed through?
Answer:
Snakes, tigers and elephants inhabited the jungles that the train passed through.

Journey By Train Summary Question 2.
What was the reaction of the inhabitants?
Answer:
Snakes and tigers fled at the noise Of the train. The elephants stood gazing with sad eyes at the train, as it passed.

Journey By Train Question Answer Question 3.
What did Mr. Fogg mean by, ‘it was foreseen’?
Answer:
Mr. Fogg meant that some difficulty or the other would sooner or later arise on his route.

Journey By Train 7th Standard Summary Question 4.
Describe the elephant driver in your own words.
Answer:
The elephant driver was intelligent and a skilled young man. He covered the elephant’s back with saddle-cloth. He attached seats on each of its side. He sat on the neck of the elephant and set out from the village with the three passengers.

C. Think and Answer.

Journey By Train Book Back Answer Question 1.
What qualities of Mr. Phileas Fogg are highlighted in this extract? Support your answer with suitable examples.
Answer:
Mr. Phileas Fogg was a rich, English man. He was a member of the Reform Club of London. He orders his life precisely by the clock and makes a bet with fellow club members that he can travel around the world in 80 days. He travels with his French servant Passepartout. He is a precise and intelligent man. He is perfect in his manners and is very punctual as well as particular about what he wants. This is evident in this extract, when he is determined to travel to Allahabad as planned. He even goes to the extent of purchasing an elephant for 2000 pounds to continue his travel to Allahabad. These qualities of Mr: Fogg are highlighted in his extract.

Vocabulary

D. Fill in the blanks with correct travel words.

(schedule,reach,book,railway,pack,board)
Answer:
To make travel convenient, we must book tickets well in advance. Then we have to Pack our things and schedule our trip. We have to reach the railway station in time and board the train in order to reach our destination.

E. Match the phrasal verbs with their meanings

Answer:

1. b
2. f
3. a
4. e
5. c
6. d

F. Dictionary Task

Refer to a dictionary. Find the meaning of the following words and write them down.
Answer:

1. journey – The act of travelling from one place to another.
2. picnic – a trip or excursion to the country, seaside etc, on which people bring food to be eaten in the open air
3. pilgrimaga – a religious journey.
4. tour – a journey for pleasure in which several places are visited
5. vacation – holiday.
6. excursion – a short journey or trip.

Listening

G. Listen to the teacher reading the Weather forecast and complete the report.
Answer:
Name of the Cyclone is Gaja it may affect the places North Tamil Nadu and Puducherry Heavy rains are expected on November 14th and 15th It is 880 km away from Nagapatinam.

Speaking

H. Your family has decided to go on a tour during the vacation. You are calling a travel agency and seeking information regarding package, places of visit, cost etc. Work in pairs and role play as a receptionist and a customer.
Answer:
Receptionist: Good morning. This is Sai Dwaraka Mai Travel Agency. How can I help you?
Customer: We would like to go to a tour to Shirdi temple. Can you give us the information regarding the package, places of visit and the cost for it.
Receptionist: Yes, Madam. We offer flight packages from Chennai to Shirdi at affordable prices.
Customer: Okay Sir, what are the places of visit over there?
Receptionist: We take you to places like Dwarkamai, Chavadi, Gurusthan, Sai Museum, Maruthi temple and Nandadeep.
Customer: Okay fine. We would like to book tickets for the tour, as we would like to go any day between 23rd November and 27th November. What is the cost for four people?
Receptionist: It costs Rs. 9,9991- per person. So the total amount for four people would be Rs. 39,996/-
Customer: Thank you Sir, I will get back to you immediately, after discussing with my family members.
Receptionist: Thank you for calling, Madam. Have a nice day.

Grammar

I. Rewrite the story in the past tense.
Answer:

The boy chased a cat. The cat climbed up the tree and purred from the branch of the tree. The cat jumped to another tree. The boy who was chasing the cat noticed a snake under the tree. He left his attempt to catch the cat and he ran home screaming for help

J. Look at the picture and complete the following

Answer:
Nila told Miruthula that that hotel was famous for masala idli Miruthula said that the idly was soft and spongy Nila said that it was delicious too. She also said that they had added Kashmiri chilli. Miruthula said very much.

Writing

K. Your friend is coming to your city / town to spend a week with you. He /she wants to visit some tourist places, and enjoy the special food items of the place. Prepare a two day itinerary for the visit.
Answer:

Creative Writing

L. You are waiting to board a train in a railway station. The train is delayed by an hour. Write a paragraph about the crowded scene in the railway station based on your observation.

Answer:
I was waiting to board a train at a railway station. The train was delayed by an hour. A lot of families were waiting eagerly for the announcement of the arrival of the train. Some of the porters were carrying the luggage of the passengers. Piles of luggage were seen all over. There were fruit vendors, tea vendors and other shops selling water, milk and snacks. By the ticket counter, there was a queue, waiting to buy tickets. The scroll board was displaying the necessary information for the passengers. The porters were also using trolleys to carry the luggage.

Journey by Train Additional Questions

I. Choose the correct Synonyms from the options below.

7th Standard 3rd Term Journey By Train Question 1.
proceeded
(a) stopped
(b) halted
(c) moved
(d) passed
Answer:
(c) moved

7th Std English Journey By Train Question 2.
fertile
(a) vast
(b) productive
(c) barren
(d) incapable
Answer:
(b) productive

Journey By Train 7th Standard In Tamil Question 3.
territory
(a) barrier
(b) border
(c) Limit
(d) region
Answer:
(d) region

The Train Would Come At Answer Question 4.
gazing
(a) look steadily
(b) looking away
(c) scanning
(d) blinking
Answer:
(a) look steadily

7th Standard 3rd Term English Journey By Train Question 5.
hasty
(a) slow
(b) wise
(c) quickly
(d) lazy
Answer:
(c) quick

7th English Journey By Train Question 6.
curled
(a) straightened
(b) erected
(c) evened
(d) twined
Answer:
(d) twined

Journey By Train 7th Std Lesson Question 7.
obstacle
(a) assist
(b) aid
(c) support
(d) difficulty
Answer:
(d) difficulty

Journey By Train 7th English Question 8.
halt
(a) start
(b) stop
(c) go
(d) continue
Answer:
(b) stop

Question 9.
foreseen
(a) predicted
(b) neglected
(c) disregarded
(d) failed
Answer:
(a) predicted

Question 10.
rapidly
(a) slowly
(b) suddenly
(c) quickly
(d) easily
Answer:
(c) quickly

II. Choose the correct Antonyms from the options below.

Question 1.
different
(a) same
(b) unlike
(c) dissimilar
(d) contrast
Answer:
(a) same

Question 2.
punctually
(a) promptly
(b) timely
(c) regularly
(d) early
Answer:
(d) early

Question 3.
straggling
(a) few
(b) rare
(c) abundant
(d) irregular
Answer:
(c) abundant

Question 4.
waking
(a) sleeping
(b) arousing
(c) raising
(d) getting up
Answer:
(a) sleeping

Question 5.
abandoned
(a) deserted
(b) forsakened
(c) casted
(d) inhabited
Answer:
(d) inhabited

Question 6.
skilled
(a) trained
(b) qualified
(c) inexperienced
(d) practised
Answer:
(c) inexperienced

Question 7.
announced
(a) reported
(b) declared
(c) notified
(d) suppressed
Answer:
(d) suppressed

Question 8.
snapped
(a) became happy
(b) broke
(c) crackled
(d) fractured
Answer:
(a) became happy

Question 9.
disadvantage
(a) effectiveness
(b) unfavourable
(c) drawback
(d) advantage
Answer:
(d) advantage

Question 10.
hesitation
(a) fluctuation
(b) unwillingness
(c) willingness
(d) stutter
Answer:
(c) willingness

III. Choose the Correct Answer (MCQ).

Question 1.
The train had started _________
(a) delayedly
(b) punctually
(c) late
(d) after an hour
Answer:
(b) punctually

Question 2.
An hour after leaving _________ the train had passed the bridges and the island of salcette.
(a) Allahabad
(b) Calcutta
(c) Lucknow
(d) Bombay
Answer:
(d) Bombay

Question 3.
At half-past _________ the train stopped at Burhampoor.
(a) ten
(b) twelve
(c) six (d) eight
Answer:
(b) twelve

Question 4.
The _________ at once stepped out.
(a) General
(b) attendant
(c) club member
(d) driver
Answer:
(a) General

Question 5.
Sir Francis was _________
(a) happy
(b) furious
(c) cool
(d) cheerful
Answer:
(b) furious

Question 6.
A steamer leaves Calcutta for _________ at noon on the 25th.
(a) Hongkong
(b) Persia
(c) Norway
(d) Burhampoor
Answer:
(a) Hongkong

Question 7.
‘Good Heavens’, what a price for an _________
(a) eagle
(b) ox
(c) elephant
(d) ostrich
Answer:
(c) elephant

Question 8.
The driver _________ himself on the elephant’s neck.
(a) lost
(b) perched
(c) unsettled
(d) lowered
Answer:
(b) perched

Question 9.
A young man, with an _________ face, offered his services as a guide.
(a) averse
(b) ugly
(c) intelligent
(d) inapt
Answer:
(c) intelligent

Question 10.
The travellers made a hasty _________
(a) lunch
(b) dinner
(c) moment
(d) breakfast
Answer:
(d) breakfast

7th Standard Journey By Train  Short Questions with Answers.

Question 1.
Who is the author of this novel’Around the world in Eighty Days’?
Answer:
The author of this novel is Jules Verna.

Question 2.
Who were there among the passengers?
Answer:
There were a number of officers, Government officials and merchants.

Question 3.
Who occupied a seat opposite to Mr. Fogg?
Answer:
Sir Francis Cromarty occupied a seat opposite to him.

Question 4.
Who was Sir Francis?
Answer:
Sir Francis was one of the friends of Mr. Fogg.

Question 5.
Where did he meet him?
Answer:
He met him on the ship Mongolia that brought him to Bombay.

Question 6.
When will the steamer leave Calcutta for Hong Kong?
Answer:
The steamer would leave Calcutta for Hong Kong at noon on the 25th.

Question 7.
What was Mr. Fogg resolved to hire?
Answer:
He was resolved to hire an Indian elephant for his journey to Allahabad.

Question 8.
How much did Mr. Fogg offer to hire the Elephant at first?
Answer:
He offered ten pounds per hour to hire the elephant.

Question 9.
Where did the train stop at half-past twelve?
Answer:
It stopped at Burhampoor at half-past twelve.

Question 10.
Which mountains separated the Khandesh from Bundelcund?
Answer:
The Sutpour mountains separated the Khandesh from Bundelcund.

V. Paragraph Questions with Answers.

Question 1.
What did Passepartout see, when he was crossing India in a railway train?
Answer:
Passepartout on waking looked out. He could not believe that he was actually crossing India. The locomotive, guided by an English engineer and fed with coal, threw out its smoke upon cotton, coffee, nutmeg, clove and pepper plantations. The steam curled in spirals around groups of palm-trees. In the midst of these trees were attractive bungalows, viharas and marvellous temples, decorated by the rich work of Indian architecture. There were vast areas extending to the horizon with jungles and forests. There he saw snakes, tigers and elephants.

Question 2.
Who served as a guide to Mr. Fogg and others? How did he manage to take all the three to Allahabad?
Answer:
A young intelligent man offered his services as a guide. The elephant was led out and equipped. The skilled driver covered the elephant’s back with a sort of saddle-cloth and attached to each of its side some uncomfortable howdahs. While Sir Francis and Mr. Fogg took the howdahs on either side, Passepartout got on to the saddle-cloth between them. The driver positioned himself on the elephant’s neck and they set out from the village at nine o’clock by short cuts through the dense forests of palms.

Journey by Train Grammar Additional

Reported Speech

The actual words spoken by a person is Direct speech. They are enclosed within quotation marks.
When we later report this, making changes to the words the speaker originally said, it is Reported Speech. (Indirect Speech)

I. Change into Indirect Speech.

Question 1.
He said, “I live in the city centre”.
Answer:
He said that he lived in the city centre.

Question 2.
Radha said, “I am going out”.
Answer:
Radha said that she was going out.

Question 3.
Ravi said, “I can swim”
Answer:
Ravi said that he could swim.

Question 4.
He said, “I arrived before you”.
Answer:
He said that he had arrived before him.

Question 5.
My father said, “I will be in Pairs on Monday”.
Answer:
My father said that he would be in Paris on Monday.

Warm Up

Work in pairs. Choose six items which are essential for a camp. Rank their priority and justify your answer.

Answer:

1. Torch Light
2. Tent
3. Cell Phone
4. Rope
5. Hammer
6. Stove

These things are essential for a camp because without these things, we cannot enjoy our camp. Camping is an amazing experience. So we should prepare ourselves properly with the essential items taken along with us. This will avoid frustration and stress.

Journey by Train Summary

Section – I

This story tells us of an amazing journey by an Englishman Mr. Phileas Fogg. He is a ruthless perfectionist who cares more about the bet than
the native places, he sees on his travels. He will do anything, even lie and cheat, to get what he wants.
Mr. Phileas Fogg along with his French attendant, Passepartout, attempts to go round the world in eighty days by taking a bet for $ 20,000. They travel through some parts of India. That was the time, when the railways were being built in the country. The train started at the scheduled time from Bombay. There were a number of passengers like officers, government officials and merchants in the train. Sir Francis Cromarty, one of Mr. Fogg’s friends, occupied a seat opposite to them. The train passed the bridges, the Island of Salcette, mountains, jungles, forests and the fertile territory of Khandesh.
Passepartout couldn’t believe that he was actually crossing India in a railway train. Tigers and snakes fled at the noise of the train. Elephants stood gazing at the train with sad eyes. At half-past twelve, the train stopped at Burhampoor. The travellers had a hasty breakfast. The train entered the valleys of Sutpour Mountains at three in the morning.

Question 1.
Give a picturesque view through which the train travels.
Answer:

Section – II

The train stopped at 8 o’clock some fifteen miles beyond Rothal. Phileas Fogg and others were annoyed. They were wondering why there was a halt of the train in the midst of the forest. When they enquired, the conductor informed them that the railroad lines ends at Kholby, 50 miles short of Allahabad. The line begins again from there in Allahabad. Sir Francis got angry because they sold the tickets from Bombay to Calcutta, without confirming about the railroad lines.

The passengers had to provide means of transportation for themselves from Kholby to Allahabad. So, Mr. Fogg, his attendant and Sir. Francis planned to reach Allahabad in time by some means of transport, as a steamer was ready to leave Calcutta for Hongkong on the 25th. They had two days left to reach Calcutta.

Discuss and answer – Intext Questions.

Question 1.
Why did the train stop in the middle of the forest?
Answer:
The train stopped in the middle of the forest as there were no railroad lines beyond that place.

Question 2.
Why was Sir Francis angry?
Answer:
There were no railroad lines from Kholby to Allahabad. But the tickets were sold from Bombay to Calcutta. So Sir Francis was angry.

Section – III

After searching the village from end to end, Mr. Fogg and Sir. Francis came back without finding any means of transport. But Passepartout suggested that they can travel on an Indian elephant. As it could travel rapidly for a long time, Mr. Fogg determined to hire it. Even though Mr. Fogg offered excessive amount to hire the elephant, the elephant’s owner refused to hire it. So Mr. Fogg finally purchased the elephant for two thousand pounds. A young man offered his services as a guide to them.

While Mr. Fogg and Sir Francis took the howdahs on either side, Passepartout got on to the saddle-cloth between them. The driver sat on the elephant’s neck and at 9 o’clock set out from the village to Allahabad.

Discuss and answer.

Question 1.
Which mode of transport did Fogg choose?
Answer:
At first, Fogg chose to go on foot to Allahabad. Then he purchased an elephant to take them to Allahabad.

Question 2.
Did he hire Kiouni? Why?
Answer:
No, he did not hire Kiouni, but purchased it for 2000 pounds, because the owner of the elephant intended to make a big bargain and so refused to hire him.

Question 3.
Why was the elephant owner happy with the deal?
Answer:
The elephant owner was happy with the deal because Mr. Fogg offered him 2000 pounds to purchase the elephant.

Students can Download Wandering Singer Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 7th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf  helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 7th English Solutions Term 2 Poem Chapter 2 Wandering Singer

B. Pick out the rhyming pairs from the poem and fill in the table.

C. Read these lines and answer the questions given below.

Wandering Singers Poem Question 1.
Where the voice of the wind calls our wandering feet Whose ‘Wandering feet’ is referred to here?
Answer:
The wandering feet of the band of folk singers.
With lutes in our hands ever-singing we roam,
All men are our kindred, the world is our home.

(a) Who does ‘we’ refer to? What do they have in their hands? What is its name?
Answer:
‘We’ refers to the wandering singers. They have a musical instrument in their hands. Its name is ‘lute’.
(b) How are the men in the world related to the singers?
Answer:
All the men in the world are their extended family and the world is their home.

Wandering Singers Question 3.
Our lays are of cities whose lustre is shed,
Here ‘Lays’ means ________
(a) lying down
(b) stories
(c) to keep
Answer:
(b) stories

Wandering Singers Summary Question 4.
The laughter and beauty of women long dead
Explain the meaning of the above line.
Answer:
The songs sung by the wandering singers are about the laughter and beauty of women who were dead long ago.

Writing

D. Answer in a paragraph.
What does Sarojini Naidu say about the Wandering Singers? Write in your own words. (in about 60 words)
Answer:
Sarojini Naidu in this poem tells us about the wandering singers, their life and their activities as well as their experiences. The wandering singers stroll here and there. They count the world as their home and all the people around are their inborn family and relatives. They hold ‘lutes’ in their hands and sing songs about ancient battles, old kings and the beauty and laughter of women of the past.

E. Think and answer.

Wandering Singers Poem Line By Line Explanation Question 1.
Are the singers homeless travellers? Why do you think so?
Answer:
Yes, they are homeless travellers because they wander from town to town and from village to village to spread the message of love through their singing.

Wandering Singers Poem Question Answers Question 2.
Do the singers have hopes and dreams? if not, why?
Answer:
The wandering singers have no dreams or hopes of their own. They go wherever the wind calls them.

Wandering Singer Additional Questions

I. Poem Comprehension:

Wandering Singers Poem Summary Question 1.
Our lays are of cities whose lustre is shed,
The laughter and beauty of women long dead;
The sword of old battles, the crown of old kings,
And happy and simple and sorrowful things.

(a) Whose lustre is shed?
Answer:
The cities lustre (glory) is shed (lost).

(b) Whose laughter and beauty had the poet mentioned here?
Answer:
She had mentioned the laughter and beauty of the women in the past.

(c) What do you mean by the word ‘lustre’?
Answer:
It means ‘the glory’ of the cities.

(d) Do they also sing of sorrowful things?
Answer:
Yes, they do sing of sorrowful things.

II. Poetic Devices:

Wandering Singers Poem 7th Standard Question 1.
Where the voice of the wind calls our wandering feet,
Through echoing forest and echoing street,
Pick out rhyming words in these lines.
Answer:
The rhyming words are ‘feet – street’.

Wandering Singers Questions And Answers Question 2.
And happy and simple and sorrowful things.
Pick out the alliterated words.
Answer:
‘Simple – sorrowful’ are the alliterated words.

III. Short Questions and Answers.

Summary Of Wandering Singers Question 1.
What is wandering singers about?
Answer:
Wandering singers are a band of folk singers who wander from place to place according to the call of the wind. It can either be town, village or forest.

Poem Wandering Singers Question 2.
How do the singers sing?
Answer:
The singers sing songs with lutes, in their hands and travelling from place to place.

Wandering Singers Line By Line Explanation Question 3.
What has happened to the cities?
Answer:
It has been seized by wars, famine etc., so the beauty is gone.

Wandering Singers Poem In English Question 4.
What does, “The laughter and beauty of women long dead” mean?
Answer:
The laughter and the beauty has died because of wars or because of famine.

Wandering Singers By Sarojini Naidu Question 5.
What songs do the singers sing about the sword of old battles?
Answer:
They sing about the brave warriors who fought bravely with the sword.

7th English Poem Wandering Singers Question 6.
Why do the singers feel nostalgic of the crown of old kings?
Answer:
They feel nostalgic because during the king’s period, these singers used to get rewards, which made them lead a comfortable life.

Summary Of Poem Wandering Singers Question 7.
‘What hope shall we gather, what dreams shall we sow’? Explain these lines.
Answer:
The poetess tells us that the wandering singers cannot have any hope or dream of bright future because of their wandering nature.

Wandering Singers Poem Explanation Question 8.
Do the singers stay at one place or do it they?
Answer:
They wander about from one place to the other. The call of the wind determines where they go.

IV. Paragraph Questions with Answers.

7th Standard English Poem Wandering Singers Question 1.
What is the song of the wandering singers about?
Answer:
The song is about the band of folk singers who wander from town to town and from village to village to spread the message of love through their singing. They play the lute, a musical instrument as they roam from place to place.
The theme of the song is about the swords of old battles and the crowns of old kings. They are also of the laughter and beauty of women in the past.

Wandering Singers Book Back Answers Question 2.
‘What hope shall we gather, what dreams shall we sow’ Explain this line in detail.
Answer:
Here the poetess seems to tell us about their sadness and about their future. They do not stay at one place. So they cannot gather hope and have dreams about their bright future. Their movements depend on the call of the wind. No love can make them go slow or no joy can bade them to wait.

Warm up

Discuss in pairs, circle the names of musical instruments from the grid. One is done for you.

Wandering Singer Summary

The poem “Wandering singers” by Sarojini Naidu is about the band of Folk singers who wander from town to town and from village to village to spread the message of love through their singing. They play the lute (a musical instrument) as they roam from place to place. The voice of the wind symbolizes the welcoming tone of the song that echoes through the forests and streets. To the wandering singers, all mankind are like their extended family and the world is their home. The theme of the songs that they sing goes back to stories of ancient battles or of old kings. They also have songs about the beauty of women and about happy and sad things.

The wandering singers have no dreams or hopes of their own; they go wherever the wind calls them. No love can make them go slow or no joy can bade them to wait. The voice of the wind is the voice of their life and also their destiny.

Students can Download English Poem 1 The Poem of Adventure Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes Pdf, Activity, Samacheer Kalvi 7th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 7th English Solutions Term 2 Poem Chapter 1 The Poem of Adventure

Read And Understand

A. Read the lines and answer the questions.

The Poem Of Adventure Question And Answer Question 1.
Deep inside the mountain
the adventures hide themselves.
(a) Where do adventures hide?
Answer:
Adventures hide deep inside the mountain.

The Poem Of Adventure Question 2.
They are of all forms and shapes They all have an excellent ending
(a) What do have an excellent ending?
Answer:
Adventures have an excellent ending.

The Poem Of Adventure Summary Question 3.
when to fight for a righteous cause one did gain considerable applause.
(a) When will one get an applause?
Answer:
If one fights for a righteous cause, one will get an applause.

The Poem Of Adventure 7th Standard Question 4.
And in fighting for their country, faith and king
noble impressions on peoples minds would ring
(a) What does ‘noble impression’ mean?
Answer:
‘Noble impression’ is good opinion’.

(b) Who can leave a noble impression?
Answer:
Knights fighting for their country, faith and the king can leave a noble impression on people’s minds.

The Poem Of Adventure Book Back Answers Question 5.
There are many legends based on their heroic exploits a legacy of tales which have been told with much adroit
(a) What does ‘heroic exploits’ mean?
Answer:
‘Heroic exploits’ means ‘daring adventures’.

(b) What are legends?
Answer:
Legends are traditional stories.

B. Answer briefly.

Poem Of Adventure 7th Standard Question 1.
What is adventure?
Answer:
An Adventure is an unusual, exciting and daring deed.

The Poem Of Adventure 7th Standard Summary Question 2.
Describe the appearance of a knight.
Answer:
A knight is bold and daring. He rides on a horse with a sword or spear in armours seeking romance.

Poem Of Adventure Question 3.
What are the characteristics of an adventure?
Answer:
Adventures hide deep inside the mountains. They have an excellent- ending. They are all forms and shapes.

C. Think and Answer.

The Poem Of Adventure 7th Standard English Question 1.
Why does the poet ask us to imagine that we have tiny wings on our back?
Answer:
The poet asks us to imagine that we have tiny wings on our back, so that we can bounce a bit with joy, when we take a new step towards our adventurous life. He also wants us to imagine that we are clear in mind and feel the wind passing . through us, instead of going against us. You just have to close your eyes and ask them to embrace you. Thus, they would be attracted to be our patterns of habit.

7th English The Poem Of Adventure Question 2.
Why should we fight for righteous cause?
Answer:
Long ago during the age of chivalry, knights used to fight for a righteous cause. They gained a considerable applause for their chivalrous acts. Likewise, we should also fight for a noble cause, so that we could get a good applause from the people of our country. If you fight for your country, people will have good impression about you in their minds. They will hold you in high esteem.

D. Literary Appreciation.

The Poem Of Adventure Line By Line Explanation Question 1.
Pick out the rhyming words. –
Answer:
“Old – bold” lance – romance; cause – applause; chivalry – history; maiden – laden; blows – foes; death – breath; yore – fore; struggle – juggle; king – ring; esteem – seem; exploits – adroit; vice – sacrifice; cause – pause are the rhyming words in this poem.

Summary Of The Poem Of Adventure Question 2.
Write down the alliterated words
Answer:
those-that-their
they – themselves
fighting – for – faith
lessons-learnt
time – take
defying – death
held – high
bounce – bit
virtue – vice

Creative Writing
Concrete Poems
Concrete poems are made up ofwords that have been placed in such a way that they make the shape of an object and also use words to describe the object.

Star,t by making a simple outline of the shape or object (an animal, a football, a fruit etc.) large enough to fill a piece of paper.
Then brainstorm a minimum of ten words and phrases that describe the shape. List action and feeling words as well.
Next, place a piece of paper over the shape and decide where your words are going to be placed so that they outline your shape but also fit well together.
Separate words and phrases with commas.

E. Now read the poem and pick out the nouns. Then write your own concrete poem
Answer:
Nouns

1. Bird
2. Beak
3. Claws
4. Prey
5. Barrell
6. Dragon fly
7. Grip
8. Cat
9. Feline
10. Roll

Hot Air Balloon

From down
below I wave hello
to a man standing in
a basket, a basket hang-
ing from a balloon, a ball-
oon filled with hot air
that keeps it pre
cariously,
scario
us
ly
al
oft

The Poem of Adventure Additional Questions

I. Poem Comprehension:

The Poem Of Adventure Full Poem Question 1.
To attract the adventures into the patterns of habit
you only need to close your eyes
and ask them to embrace you.

(a) What can be taken into the patterns of habit?
Answer:
Adventures can be taken into the patterns of habit.

(b) What should you do to make adventures to embrace you?
Answer:
You should close your eyes and ask them to embrace you.

The Poem Of Adventure Poem Question 2.
Back in the days of old
when knights were bold
who with a sword or lance
in armour sought romance.

(a) When were the knights bold?
Answer:
In olden days, the knights were bold.

(b) How do they go on a horse?
Answer:
Vuiva They go on with a sword or a lance.

(c) What did they seek?
Answer:
They sought romance.

(d) What does the word ‘lance’ mean?
Answer:
It means ‘a long weapon with a wooden shaft and pointed steelhead.

II. Poetic Devices:

The Poem Of Adventure Lines Question 1.
in a one to one combat defying death as crowds watched with abated breath.

a) Pick out the rhyming words in the lines.
Answer:
death – breath are the rhyming words.

b) Pick out the alliterated words.
Answer:
defying – death are the alliterated words.

7th Standard The Poem Of Adventure Question 2.
Back in the days of old when knights were bold
a) Pick out the rhyming words in the lines.
Answer:
old – bold are the rhyming words..

b) Pick out the alliterated words.
Answer:
when – were are the alliterated words.

III. Short Questions and Answers.

Question 1.
On whom do the knights strike heavy blows?
Answer:
Knights strike heavy blows on all their opponents and foes.

Question 2.
How do the crowds watch the knights combating their opponents?
Answer:
The crowds watch them with abated breath.

Question 3.
How was the legacy of tales told by the people?
Answer:
The legacy of tales were told with much skill and cleverness.

Question 4.
Should we pause, when we are acting with chivalry?
Answer:
No, we should not pause when we are acting with chivalry.

IV. Paragraph Question with Answer.

Question 1.
Describe the knights daring activities according to the poet?
Answer:
In olden days, knights were bold. They used to ride on their horses with a sword ora lance in armour. During their age of chivalry, knights fought their opponents for a righteous cause and gained considerable applause. Knights regarded themselves as being worthy of capturing the hearts of some fair lady, which was the most desired prize. They would strike heavy blows on all their opponents, as the crowds watched them in suspense. They were held in high esteem by the people.

Warm up

Look at the picture. Name the activities.

Discuss and Answer.

Question 1.
What are the adventure activities of NCC?
Answer:
Mountain Treks, Parasailing, Scuba diving, Kayaking.

Question 2.
When can you join the NCC?
Answer:
I can join the NCC after completing 12 years.

Question 3.
What is the motto of NCC?
Answer:
The motto of NCC is to provide a suitable environment to motivate the youth to take up a career in the Armed forces.

Think and Answer.

Question 1.
Why do we need adventure in life?
Answer:
We need adventure to be confident, decisive and self-aware.

Question 2.
Do you like adventures? Why?
Answer:
Yes, I like adventures because they are thrilling.

Question 3.
Why does the NCC conduct adventure activities?
Answer:
NCC conducts activities to tone leadership skills and to enhance their character qualities.

The Poem of Adventure Summary

In this poem, the poet George Krokos relates to the Adventures of the knights. Adventures are hidden deep inside the mountains in all types of forms and shapes. The adventures have an excellent ending. People, who take up adventures in their life, see the world in an extraordinary special way. They feel that they have little wings on their back and whenever they take a new step, they bounce in joy.
In the olden days, knights were daring and chivalrous. They rode on their horses with a sword or spear and fought their opponents for a just cause. They regarded themselves as worthy of winning the hands of their fair ladies as a valuable prize for their valour. They impressed the crowd by fighting with their opponents. Even today, people talk with much applause about the brave adventures, deeds of the knights.