Laxmi

Students can Download English Lesson 2 The Red-Headed League Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes Pdf, Activity, Samacheer Kalvi 7th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 7th English Solutions Term 1 Supplementary Chapter 2 The Red-Headed League

A. Say whether the following statements are ‘True’ or ‘False’.

1. Photography was Vincent Spaulding’s hobby.
2. Mr. Ross did not want to hire Mr. Wilson.
3. Mr. Wilson worked for Mr. Ross for six weeks.
4. Mr. Jones was a lawyer.
5. Spaulding dug a tunnel from the cellar of the shop to the jewellery shop.

Answer:

1. False
2. False
3. False
4. False
5. False

B. Complete the table based on the information from the text.
Answer:

C. Answer the following questions.

The Red-Headed League Questions And Answers Pdf Question 1.
Why did Jabez Wilson meet Mr. Holmes?
Timid Jabez Wilson was a pawnshop owner. His assistant Spaulding made him join the job of copying the Encyclopaedia from 10.00 a.m. to 2.00 a.m. After eight weeks the office is closed and dissolved. He doubted someone is playing a joke on him and so he met Mr. Holmes for a solution.

The Red-Headed League 7th Standard Question Answer Question 2.
Describe Vincent Spaulding.
Answer:
Vincent Spaulding was a clever young man. He happily worked as the assistant for Mr. Wilson in his pawn shop for half-wages. He was actually John Clay, the notorious thief.

The Red Headed League Questions And Answers Question 3.
Why did Spaulding spend a lot of time in the cellar?
Answer:
Spaulding was spending a lot of time in the cellar of the pawnshop because he was making a tunnel to get into the strong room of the bank in the next street at the back of the shop.

Red Headed League Questions And Answers Question 4.
Why was Mr. Wilson hired to copy the Encyclopaedia?
Answer:
Mr. Wilson was hired to copy the Encyclopedia to keep him away from his pawnshop from 10.00 a.m. to 2.00 p.m. every day So that when Wilson went to work, Mr. Ross and Spaulding could have time to make the tunnel from his shop to the bank.

The Red-Headed League Questions And Answers Question 5.
How did Holmes’ team catch the thieves?
Answer:
The Holme’s team was ready at the strong room in the bank on Saturday night expecting the arrival of the thieves. When Spaulding and Ross came out from underground, Holmes caught Spaulding by his arm and the others caught Ross at the other end of the tunnel.

D. Based on your reading of the text complete the pyramid arranging the sequence in the correct order,

• Holmes found the tunnel from the cellar to the bank’s strong room.
• Wilson was assigned to copy the encyclopaedia.
• Wilson asked Sherlock Holmes for help.
• Wilson got the job in The Red – Headed League.
• Spaulding and Ross were caught by the famous detective.
• One day he found the notice that ‘The Red – Headed League’ was dissolved.
• Holmes recognised Spaulding who was actually John Clay, a notorious criminal.

Answer:

Project

E. Imagine you have visited a Mystery Theme Park you have come across. Make an eye¬catching advertisement with the help of the given dues.

• a mirror maze
• scary faces
• eerie sounds
• a ghostly figure
• a pitch dark room

Answer:

Connecting To Selfs

F. Observe the pictures carefully and write your answers.
Answer:

Step To Success

G. lust like the example, use the key to fill in the blanks and break the code

Answer:

1. SECRET
2. GHOST
3. TRICK
4. RIDDLE
5. PUZZLE

The Red-Headed League Additional Questions

I. Choose the correct answers

The Red-Headed League 7th Standard Question 1.
Wilson was accepted into the League by ______
(a) Dr. Watson
(b) Mr. Duncan Ross
(c) Mr. Vincent Spaulding
Answer:
(c) Mr. Vincent Spaulding

The Red Headed League 7th Standard Question 2.
I saw you hit the ______ with your walking stick
(a) ground
(b) man
(c) shop door
Answer:
(a) ground

The Red Headed League Book Back Answers Question 3.
Ross quickly gets back into the tunnel ______ wants to stop him but could not
(a) John Clay
(b) Jones
(c) Holmes
Answer:
(b) Jones

The Red-Headed League Book Back Answers Question 4.
The cellar was the shop ______ the shop
(a) behind
(b) in front of
(c) beside
Answer:
(c) beside

The Red Headed League Question Answer Question 5.
The bank does not open on ______
(a) Saturday
(b) Sunday
(c) Friday
Answer:
(b) Sunday

The Red Headed League Question And Answer Question 6.
Jabez Wilson was a timid red-haired ______
(a) doctor
(b) detective
(c) pawn broker
Answer:
(c) pawn broker

The Red Headed League Answers Question 7.
The ______ wanted Wilson away from the shop for some hours everyday.
(a) friends
(b) villains
(c) heroes
Answer:
(b) villains

The Red Headed League 7th Standard In English Question 8.
I ______ when Spaulding was happy to work for half-wages.
(a) suspected
(b) liked
(c) Holmes
Answer:
(a) suspected

II. dentify the Character / Speaker.

1. “How can I get to the Strand?”
2. “Yes, to the hospital”.
3. “My men are waiting at the front door of the bank”.
4. “You think of everything, Mr. Holmes.”
5. “So Spaulding is John Clay, the notorious thief”.
6. “Did you see his trousers? They were dirty”.

Answer:

1. Holmes
2. Dr. Watson
3. Mr. Jones
4. Spaulding
5. Dr. Watson
6. Holmes

III. Write True or False against each statement.

1. Holmes and Dr. Watson move to Wilsons shop in Saxe-Coburg Square.
2. Dr. Watson visits the apartment of his patient Sherlock Holmes.
3. I want your help tonight. Come at nine O’clock.
4. Holmes comes out from behind his box, and hits Spaulding’s arms.
5. Clay saw the colour of Ross’s hair and thought of a Red-Headed League.
6. “Spaulding often went down to the cellar”.
7. Because making a tunnel is a clean work”.
8. “Why is that young man making a tunnel?” I thought.

Answer:

1. True
2. False
3. False
4. True
5. True
6. True
7. False
8. True

IV. Very Short Questions with Answers.

The Red-Headed League Worksheet Answers Question 1.
Who was the red-haired client of Sherlock Holmes?
Answer:
The red-haired client of Sherlock Holmes was Jabez Wilson.

Question 2.
What was Wilson doing at the Red-Headed League daily?
Answer:
Wilson was copying out the Encyclopaedia Britannica.

Question 3.
Where was Dr. Watson working?
Answer:
Dr. Watson was working in the hospital.

Question 4.
What did Spaulding have in his hands when he came out of the ground?
Answer:
Spaulding had a gun in his hands.

Question 5.
Why were Spaulding’s trousers dirty?
Answer:
Spaulding’s trousers were dirty because making a tunnel is dirty work.

Question 6.
What made Holmes think that the tunnel was ready?
Answer:
Holmes thought the tunnel was ready as the Red-Headed League’s office was closed.

V. Short Questions with Answers.

Question 1.
Why did Vincent show the newspaper advertisement to Mr. Wilson?
Answer:
Vincent showed the advertisement about an opening in the Red-Headed League to Mr. Wilson to make him join the job so that he would be away from his pawn shop daily for a few hours. During that time Vincent and Ross planned to dig the tunnel from the shop cellar to the bank in the next street.

Question 2.
Holmes knew London very well then why should he ask the way to Strand?
Answer:
Holmes got information from Mr. Wilson and observes the pawn shop from outside. He also wanted to know who was inside and what were they doing. So he knocks the door of the shop and asks the way to Strand for namesake and finds out the truth.

Question 3.
Spaulding was happy to work for half wages. Why?
Answer:
Spaulding didn’t seek for a job. He wanted to find entry into the pawn shop by working as an assistant to Mr. Wilson. But his aim was to make a tunnel from the shop to the bank, hence he happily agreed for half wages.

VI. Characters with job description:

VII. Paragraph Questions with Answers.

Question 1.
Why did Holmes go to look at the road behind Saxe-Coburg Square?
Answer:
Mr. Wilson’s pawn shop was at Saxe-Coburg Square. It had a cellar beneath. When Holmes hit the ground with his stick in front of the shop, he found that the cellar was at the backside of the shop where Spaulding spent most of his time. Holmes saw Spaulding’s trouser legs dirty and guessed he was digging a tunnel. He wanted to find out where the tunnel led to. So Holmes went to look at the road behind Saxe-Coburg Square that was the next street at the back of the shop and found the bank there.

Question 2.
What arrangements had Holmes made to catch the thieves in the bank? How did they catch the culprits?
Answer:
Holmes, Dr Watson, Mr. Jones and a policeman put off the lights and waited behind the crates and boxes in the strong room at the bank. At the same time policemen wereput to wait at the front door of the bank and near the pawn shop to catch the thieves. At 11.15 p.m. light came through the stone floor of the strong room in the bank. The stones moved and Spaulding arrived first with a gun, followed by Ross. Holmes came and hit Spauldings arm, made him drop his gun and caught him. Ross jumped back into the tunnel and tried to escape but the men waiting at the other end of the tunnel in the pawn shop caught him.

VIII. Read the passage and answer the questions.

1. Holmes and Watson first visit the district in which Wilson’s shop is located, where Holmes does some mysterious things: He asks directions from a clerk at the pawnshop; he taps the street out-side with his walking stick and remarks that the case is complicated by the fact that it is Saturday. Later, he asks Watson to meet him at Baker Street that evening at ten, and to come armed.

Question 1.
Where did Holmes and Watson go?
Answer:
Holmes and Watson went to the district where Wilson’s shop was located.

Question 2.
State the two mysterious things Holmes did at Wilson’s shop?
Answer:
Holmes asked directions from the pawn shop clerk and he tapped the street with his walking stick.

Question 3.
When and where did Holmes ask Dr. Watson to meet him?
Answer:
Holmes asked Dr. Watson to meet him at Baker Street on Saturday night at ten.

2. When Watson arrives, he finds two other men there: Peter Jones, an inspector from Scotland Yard, and a Mr. Merry Weather, a bank director. Holmes takes them to a branch of the City and Suburban Bank, a branch located in the same district as Wilson’s pawnshop. There they enter the vaults of the bank, where Merry Weather shows them a shipment of thirty thousand gold coins they have recently received from the Bank of France. Holmes says that they may have some time to wait, and they sit quietly in the dim vault.

Question 1.
What was the name of the inspector from Scotland Yard?
Answer:
Mr. Peter Jones.

Question 2.
Who was Mr. Merry Weather ?
Answer:
Mr. Merry Weather was a bank director.

Question 3.
Where did Holmes take Mr. Jones and Mr. Merry Weather ?
Answer:
Holmes took them to the vault of a branch of a bank located in the same district as Wilsons pawnshop.

Question 4.
Who all went to the bank?
Answer:
Holmes, Dr. Watson, Mr. Jones and Mr. Merry Weather went to the bank.

Question 5.
What did Mr. Merry Weather show them at the vault of the bank?
Answer:
At the vault of the bank Mr. Merry Weather showed them a shipment of thirty thousand gold coins that they had recently received from the Bank of France.

Question 6.
Why did Holmes and others wait at the dim vault?
Answer:
Holmes and the others were waiting at the dim vault of the bank to catch the thieves.

IX. Rearrange the Jumbled Sentences.

A.
1. Then Holmes knocks the door of the shop and meets Spaulding.
2. Holmes and Watson go to Wilson’s shop at Saxe-Coburg Square.
3. Holmes noticed the dirty trousers of Spaulding.
4. Dr. Watson visits the apartment of his friend Sherlock Holmes.
5. Holmes suspected crime and goes to look the road behind the shop.
6. Holmes hits the ground outside the shop with his walking stick.
7. Dr. Watson listens to the unusual story of the Jabez Wilson.

Answer:
4. Dr. Watson visits the apartment of his friend Sherlock Holmes.
7. Dr. Watson listens to the unusual story of the Jabez Wilson.
2. Holmes and Watson go to Wilson’s shop at Saxe-Coburg Square.
6. Holmes hits the ground outside the shop with his walking stick.
1. Then Holmes knocks the door of the shop and meets Spaulding.
3. Holmes noticed the dirty trousers of Spaulding.
5. Holmes suspected crime and goes to look the road behind the shop.

B.
1. Three men waiting at the other end of the tunnel caught Ross.
2. Suddenly through the stone floor Spaulding comes out followed by Ross.
3.”So are you John Clay! Your Red-Headed League was clever” said Holmes.
4. Watson looks at his watch it was 11.15 p.m.
5. Holmes hits Spaulding’s arms and Ross quickly gets back into the tunnel.
6. Holmes, Watson, Jones and Policeman wait in the strong room at the bank.
7. Spaulding says, “you think of everything, Mr. Holmes. You’re very clever”.

Answer:
6. Holmes, Watson, Jones and Policeman wait in the strong room at the bank.
4. Watson looks at his watch it was 11.15 p.m.
2. Suddenly through the stone floor Spaulding comes out followed by Ross.
5. Holmes hits Spaulding’s arms and Ross quickly gets back into the tunnel.
1. Three men waiting at the other end of the tunnel caught Ross.
7. Spaulding says, “you think of everything, Mr. Holmes. You’re very clever”.
3. “So are you John Clay! Your Red-Headed League was clever” said Holmes

The Red – Headed League Summary

Mr. Wilson, a red-haired pawn-shop owner, met the famous detective Mr. Sherlock Holmes to find a solution for the practical joke someone had been playing on him.

Mr. Wilson joined the Red-Headed League headed by Mr. Duncan Ross for quite a high salary of four pounds a week, on the recommendation of his assistant Vincent Spaulding who worked with him for half the wages. Wilson’s work was to copy the Encyclopaedia Britannica daily from 10.00 a.m. to 2.00 a.m. After eight weeks he is shocked to find that the office has been dissolved.

Holmes and his friend Dr. Watson visit Mr. Wilsons shop at Saxe-Coburg Square. He walks in front of the shop and taps the ground with his walking stick. He knocks the shop door and Spaulding opens. The legs of his trousers are dirty. Holmes asked Spaulding the way to Strand, pretty well knowing it. Holmes asks Dr. Watson to meet him at ten o’clock.

Holmes, Dr.Watson and Mr. Jones and a policeman await for the thief at the bank. They hide themselves behind the boxes. At 11.15 p.m. Spaulding and Ross come from underground and are caught. Spaulding is recognized to be the notorious thief John Clay.

Later Holmes explains to Dr. Watson that the Red-Headed League was just created to keep Wilson away from his shop. When he went for work daily, they had time to make the tunnel Holmes doubted Spaulding as he worked for half wages and was in the cellar most of the time. When Holmes hit the ground with his walking stick and saw Spaulding’s trousers dirty, he understood that he is making a tunnel from the pawn-shop to the Bank at the back of the shop, in the next street. As the Red-Headed League was dissolved and it was Sunday, Holmes was sure the thieves would come and he caught them red handed. A huge bank robbery was cleverly stopped.

You can Download Samacheer Kalvi 8th Social Science Book Solutions Guide Pdf, Tamilnadu State Board help you to revise the complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Samacheer Kalvi 8th Social Science Geography Solutions Term 1 Chapter 1 Rock and Soil

Samacheer Kalvi 8th Social Science Rock and Soil Textbook Evaluation

I. Choose the correct answer

Rock And Soil Class 8 Question 1.
Which of the following is known as sphere of rocks –
(a) Atmosphere
(b) Biosphere
(c) Lithosphere
(d) Hydrosphere
Answer:
(c) Lithosphere

Rocks And Soils 8th Standard Question 2.
World soil day is observed on –
(a) 15th August
(b) 12th January
(c) 15th October
(d) 5th December
Answer:
(d) 5th December

Samacheer Kalvi Guru 8th Social Question 3.
Fossils are found in –
(a) Sedimentary rocks
(b) Igneous rocks
(c) Metamorphic rocks
(d) Plutonic rocks
Answer:
(a) Sedimentary rocks

Social Samacheer Kalvi 8th Question 4.
The first layer of soil is called as –
(a) Regur
(b) Regolith
(c) Unweathered rock
(d) Partially weathered rock
Answer:
(*) Horizon

8th Social Guide Samacheer Kalvi Question 5.
Ideal soil for growing cotton is –
(a) Red soil
(b) Black soil
(c) Alluvial soil
(d) Mountain soil
Answer:
(b) Black soil

Samacheer Kalvi 8th Social Book Question 6.
The major component of soil is –
(a) Rocks
(b) Gas
(C) Water
(d) Minerals
Answer:
(d) Minerals

Samacheer Kalvi Guru 8th Social Science Question 7.
Which one of the following is the most widespread most and’productive category of soil –
(a) Alluvial soil
(b) Black soil
(c) Red soil
(d) Mountain soil
Answer:
(a) Alluvial soil

II. Fill in the Blanks

1. Scientific study of rocks is called ………………
2. …………… soil is highly suitable for cotton cultivation.
3. The “skin of earth” is ……………..
4. ……………. is the kind of metamorphic rock using which Taj Mahal was built.
5. ……………. is known as the primary rocks.

Answer:

1. Petrology
2. Black
3. Soil
4. White Marble
5. Igneous rock

III. State whether the following statements are true or false

Samacheer Kalvi 8th Social Question 1.
Igneous rocks are called primary rocks.
Answer:
True

Samacheer Kalvi 8th Social Science Question 2.
Slate is formed from shale.
Answer:
True

Samacheer Kalvi 8th Books Solutions Social Science Question 3.
Red soil is formed by the process of leaching.
Answer:
False
Correct statement:
Laterites soils i s formed by the process of leaching.

8th Social Samacheer Kalvi Question 4.
M – sand is used as alternative for natural sand in construction.
Answer:
True

Samacheer Kalvi.Guru 8th Social Question 5.
Volcanic mountains are covered with sedimentary rocks.
Answer:
False
Correct statement:
Sedimentary rocks are formed from broken pieces of rocks.

IV. Match the following

Samacheer Kalvi Social Science 8th Question 1.
Answer:

a. 2
b. 1
c.  4
d. 3.

Samacheer Kalvi 8 Social Question 2.

Answer:

a. 2
b. 4
c.  1
d.  3.

V. Choose the incorrect statement from the following

Kalvi Guru 8th Social Question 1.

1. Igneous rocks are called the primary rocks.
2. Soil is the product of weathering of rocks.
3. Sedimentary rocks are the hardest ones.
4. Deccan plateau is the region of Igneous rocks.

Answer:
3. Sedimentary rocks are the hardest ones.

8th Samacheer Kalvi Social Question 2.

1. Soil erosion decreases its fertility.
2. Dynamic metamorphism is caused by high temperature.
3. Soil is a renewable source.
4. Humus is a part of the top layer of soil.

Answer:
2. Dynamic metamorphism is caused by high temperature.

VI. Consider the following statements and choose the right option from the given ones

Statement (1) – Sedimentary rocks consist of many layers.
Statement (2) – Sedimentary rocks are formed by the sediments deposited at different points of time.

1. 1 and 2 are correct and 2 explains 1
2. 1 and 2 are correct but, 2 does not explain 1
3. 1 is correct but, 2 is incorrect
4. 2 is correct but, 1 is incorrect.

Answer:
1. 1 and 2 are correct and 2 explains 1

VII. Give reasons for the following

Social Guide For Class 8 Samacheer Kalvi Question 1.
Chemical sedimentary rocks are found in the beds of reservoirs.
Answer:
Chemical Sedimentary rocks are formed by precipitating of minerals from water. It is formed usually through evaporation of chemical rich solutions.

Samacheer Kalvi Guru 8 Social Science Question 2.
Igneous rocks are found in the regions of volcanoes.
Answer:
The igneous rocks are formed by the solidification of molten magma.

VIII. Distinguish the following

Samacheer Kalvi 8th Books Social Science Question 1.
Metamorphic rock and sedimentary rock.
Answer:

Metamorphic Rocks:

• Formed when Igneous and Sedimentary rocks are subjected to high temperature and pressure.
• Mostly crystalline in nature
• Fossils donot survive in these rocks
• Example Gneiss, Slate, quartz

Sedimentary Rocks:

• Formed by the sediments derived and deposited by various agents.
• They are non – crystalline rocks
• Contain fossils., Example Coal, Oil, natural gas
• Example Chalk, Sandstone, Rock Salt

Question 2.
Soil conservation and Soil erosion.
Answer:

Soil conservation:

• The process of protecting the soil from erosion to maintain its fertility.
• Methods of soil conservation are afforestation, controlled grazing, construction of dams, crop rotation etc.,

Soil erosion:

• Removal or destruction of the top layer of soil by natural forces and human activities.
• Running water and wind are the major agents of Soil erosion.
  Rill erosion and Gully erosion are the major types of soil erosion

IX. Give short answers

Question 1.
How are igneous rocks formed?
Answer:
The igneous rocks are formed by the solidification of molten magma.

Question 2.
Describe about the composition of soil.
Answer:
The basic components of soil are mineral, organic matter, water and air. It consists of about 45% mineral, 5% organic matter, 25%  of water and 25% air. It is only a generalized fact. The composition of soil varies from place to place and time to time.

Question 3.
Define ‘rock’.
Answer:

1. The rocks are the solid mineral materials forming a part of the surface of the earth and other similar planets.
2. A rock is an aggregate of one or more minerals. Rock is an important natural resource and is found in solid state.
3. It may be hard or soft in nature.

Question 4.
State the types of soils.
Answer:
Alluvial soil, Black soil, Red soil, Laterite soil, Mountain soil, Desert soil.

Question 5.
What is soil conservation?
Answer:
Soil conservation is the process of protecting the soil from erosion to maintain its fertility.

X. Give detailed answer for the following

Question 1.
Explain the process of soil formation.
Answer:

1. Soil is a mixture of organic matter, minerals, gases, liquids and organisms that together support life.
2. Soil minerals form the basis of soil. It forms on the surface of the earth. It is known as the ‘skin of the earth’.
3. Soils are produced from rocks (parent material) through the processes of weathering and natural erosion.
4. Water, wind, temperature change, gravity, chemical interaction, living organisms and pressure differences all help break down parent material. It leads to the formation of loose material.
5. In course of time, they further break down into fine particles. This process release the minerals locked in the rock fragments.
6. Later on, the vegetative cover which develop in that region forms humus content in the soil. This way the soil gets matured gradually.

Question 2.
Classify and explain the rocks.
Answer:

Igneous:
(i) The igneous rocks are formed by the solidification of molten magma. Also called Primary or Parent Rocks.
(ii) Types:

• Extrusive Igneous Rocks.
• Intrusive Igneous Rocks

1. Extrusive Igneous Rocks:
Molten magma which comes out from the interior of the earth’s surface, gets solidified and forms such rocks. Fine grained and glassy in nature. Eg., Basalt, found in north western peninsular India.

2. Intrusive Igneous rocks:
Molten magma cools down deep inside the earth’s crust, becomes solid and forms such rocks. Form large grains. Deep seated rocks are plutonic rock and ones at shallow depths – Hypabysal rocks. Example Granite, Diorite.

Sedimentary:
(i) Formed by the sediments derived and deposited by various agents. Also called stratified rocks.
(ii) Types:

• Organic sedimentary rocks
• Mechanical sedimentary rocks,
• Chemical sedimentary rocks

1. Organic sedimentary rocks:
Formed due to decomposition of dead Plants and Animals. Contains fossils. Example Chalk, Talc

2. Mechanical sedimentary rocks:
Formed from the disintegration of Igneous and metamorphic rocks. Get deposited due to erosion by natural agents. Get cemented after a long time to form rocks. Example Sandstone, Shale.

3. Chemical sedimentary rocks: Formed by precipitating of minerals from water. Formed due to evaporation of chemical rich solution. Example Rock Salt.

Metamorphic:
(i) Formed when Igneous and sedimentary rocks are subjected to high temperature and pressure.
(ii) Types:

• Thermal
• Dynamic

1. Thermal Metamorphic:
If the change in rocks is caused by high temperature.

2. Dynamic Metamorphic:
If the change in rock is caused by high pressure. Formed from Igneous rocks. Eg., Granite into gneiss
Formed from Sedimentary rocks. Eg., Shale into Slate

Question 3.
Give an account on different layers of soil.
Answer:

Question 4.
Classify and explain the soil.
Answer:
Definition:
Soil is a mixture of Organic matter, minerals, gases, liquids and organisms that together support life.

Classification of soils:
Soils are classified on the basis of their formation, colour, physical and chemical properties. Based on these, soil is classified into six major types. They are: Alluvial soil, Black soil, Red soil, Laterite soil, Mountain soil, Desert soil.

Alluvial soil:

• Found in the regions of river valleys, flood plains and coastal regions.
• Formed by the deposition of silt by the running water.
• Most productive of all soils.
• Suitable for the culitivation of sugarcane, jute, rice, wheat.

Black soils:

• Formed by weathering of igneous rocks.
• Clayey in nature.
• Retains moisture.
• Ideal for growing cotton.

Red Soils:

• Formed by weathering of metamorphic rocks and crystalline rocks.
• Found in semi – arid regions.
• Not a fertile.
• Is soil brown red in colour due to the presence of iron oxide
• Suitable for millet cultivation.

Laterite soils:

• Formed by the process of leaching.
• Found in trophical regions, which experienced alternate wet and dry condition.
• Infertile soil.
• Suitable for plantation of tea and coffee.

Mountain soils:

• Found in slopes of mountains.
• Thin and acidic in nature.
• Nature of soil differs based on the altitude.

Desert soils:

• Found in hot desert region.
• Porous and saline in nature.
• Infertile in nature.
• Agriculture not successful.

IX. Activity Corner

Question 1.
Complete the following table with the help of internet source

Answer:

Question 2.
Map Work:
Mark the areas of black soil on the outline map of India.
Answer:

Samacheer Kalvi 8th Social Science Geography Rock and Soil Additional Questions

I. Choose the correct answer

Question 1.
……………. rocks are also called Primary rocks.
(a) Sedimentary
(b) Igneous
(c) Metamorphic
(d) Stratified
Answer:
(b) Igneous

Question 2.
…………….. rocks are also known as stratified rocks.
(a) Igneous
(b) Metamorphic
(c) Sedimentary
(d) Hypabysal
Answer:
(c) Sedimentary

Question 3.
Oldest sedimentary rocks of the world have been identified in
(a) Green land
(b) India
(c) France
(d) Australia
Answer:
(a) Creen landi

Question 4.
…………….. soil is suitable for milled cultivation.
(a) Alluvial
(b) Black
(c) Latente
(d) Red
Answer:
(d) Red

Question 5.
……………. soil is porous and saline.
(a) Mountain
(b) Desert
(c) Alluvial
(d) Red
Answer:
(b) Deserti

Question 6.
The time needed to form soil depends on the ……………..
(a) altitude
(b) rainfall
(c) climate
(d) fertility
Answer:
(c) climate

II. Fill in the blanks

1. ……………. refer to rock in Greek.
2. Out of 2,000 different types, only ……………. are the basic minerals commonly found all over the earth.
3. ……………. are chemical substances which exist in nature.
4. Minerals exist in nature ¡n the form of ……………. or …………..
5. The world Igneous is derived from the Latin word ……………. meaning …………….
6. Intrusive Igneous rocks are also called ………….. rocks.
7. Meta means ………….. and morpha means ………………
8. In wet tropical area soil formation is ………………

Answer:

1. Petrus
2. 12
3. Minerals
4. Elements, compounds
5. Ignus, firel
6. Crystallins
7. Change, shape
8. Faster

III. Match the following

a. iiii
b. iv
c. i
d. ii

IV. Choose the incorrect statement from the following

Question 1.

1. Igneous rocks donot contain fossils
2. The oldest sedimentary rock in the world is 3.9 billion years old.
3. Soil consists of 5% Organic matter.
4. Laterite soil is thin and acidic.

Answer:
4. Laterite soil is thin and acidic

V. Consider the following statement and choose the right option from the given ones

Question 1.
Statement (1) :
Proper management of soil resource will lead to sustainable food production.

Statement (2) :
India is an Agricultural country.

1. 1 and 2 are correct but 2 does not explain.
2. 1 is correct but 2 is incorrect.
3. 1 and 2 are correct and 2 explains 1.
4. 1 is incorrect but 2 is correct.

Answer:
3. 1 and 2 are correct and 2 explains 1

VI. Give Reason for the following

Question 1.
The Laterite soil is infertile.
Answer:
Laterite are the typical soils of trophical regions. These soils are found in the regions which experienced alternate wet and dry condition. As these soils are formed by the process of leaching, it is in fertile.

Question 2.
Sedimentary rocks are called stratified rocks.
Answer:
Sedimentary rocks consist of many layers which were formed by the sediments deposited at different periods. As it consists of many strata, it is also known as ‘Stratified rocks’.

VII. Distinguish the following

Question 1.
Igneous rock and sedimentary rock.
Answer:

Igneous rocks:

• Formed by the solidification of molten magma.
• Classified into 2 types:
• Extrusive and Intrusive Igneous rocks.
• Crystalline in nature.
• Hard in nature.

Sedimentary rocks:

• Formed by the sediments derived and deposited by various agents.
• Classified into 3 types:
• Organic, Mechanical, Chemical sedimentary rocks.
• Non – crystalline rocks
• Soft and get eroded easily.

VIII. Give short answers

Question 1.
Name the four realms of earth.
Answer:
Four realms of the earth, are lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere.

Question 2.
What is the Lithosphere composed of?
Answer:
Lithosphere is composed of solid rocks and unconsolidated materials.

Question 3.
What is lava?
Answer:
Lava is actually a fiery red molten magma comes out from the interior of the earth on its surface.

Question 4.
Why are crystalline rocks called so?
Answer:
The intrusive Igneous rocks consist of large crystals, and so they are also called as ‘Crystalline rocks’.

Question 5.
Name a few Major Active Volcanoes.
Answer:
Major Active Volcanoes:
Mount Vesuvius, Mt. Stromboli and Mt. Etna in Italy and Mauna Loa and Mauna Kea in Hawaii Islands.

Question 6.
What are the characteristics of Sedimentary rocks?
Answer:

1. They have many layers.
2. They are non-crystalline rocks.
3. They contain fossils.
4. They are soft and get eroded easily.

Question 7.
What is Thermal Metamorphism?
Answer:
If the change in the rocks is mainly caused by high temperature, the process is called as thermal metamorphism..

Question 8.
Explain Dynamic Metamorphism.
Answer:
If the change in the rock is mainly caused by high pressure, the process is called as Dynamic Metamorphism.

Question 9.
State the characteristics of Metamorphic rocks.
Answer:

1. Metamorphic rocks are mostly crystalline in nature.
2. They consist of alternate bands of light and dark minerals.

Question 10.
Mention some uses of rocks.
Answer:

1. Cement
2. Writing chalk
3. Fire
4. Building materials
5. Bath scrub
6. Kerb stone
7. Ornament
8. Roofing materials
9. Decorative materials
10. These are valuable source of minerals such as gold, diamond, sapphire etc.

IX. Give Detailed Answer

Question 1.
Explain the different types of sedimentary rocks.
Answer:
Types of Sedimentary Rocks
1. Organic Sedimentary Rocks:

• These rocks are formed as a result of the decomposition of dead plants and animals.
• It contains fossils. Chalk, Talc, Dolomite and Limestone rocks are of this category.

2. Mechanical Sedimentary Rocks:

• These rocks are formed from the disintegration of igneous and metamorphic rocks.
• The natural agents erode and transport these rocks and deposit them at some places. After a long period of time, they cemented to form rocks.
• Sandstone, Shale and Clay are the examples of rocks of this type.

3. Chemical Sedimentary rocks

• These are formed by precipitating of minerals from water. It is formed usually through evaporation of chemical rich solutions.
• These rocks are also called as evaporates.
• Rock Salt is an example of this kind.

Question 2.
Explain the Rock cycle with a diagram.
Answer:
1. Igneous rocks are the primary rocks formed first on the earth. These rocks are weathered, eroded, transported and deposited at some places to form sedimentary rocks.

2. The Igneous and Sedimentary rocks are changed into metamorphic rocks under the influence of temperature and pressure.

3. The metamorphic rocks are also get disintegrated and deposited to form sedimentary rocks.

4. Formation of igneous rocks take place when there is an outflow of molten materials. Like this, the rocks of the earth crust keeps on changing from one form to another form under various natural forces and agents.

5. The endless process is referred as Rock Cycle.

Question 3.
Mention the uses of soils.
Answer:
Uses of soils:
Soil is one of the important natural resource. It is a basic requirement for plant growth and supports various life forms on the earth.

1. The minerals present in the soil enhance and nourishes the crops and plants.
2. It is used in making of ceramics or pottery.
3. It is a source of material for construction and handicraft works.
4. It acts as natural filter of water and purifies it.
5. Soil supports ecosystem and play an important role in land management.

You can Download Samacheer Kalvi 7th Science Book Solutions Guide Pdf, Tamilnadu State Board help you to revise the complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 7th Science Solutions Term 2 Chapter 4 Cell Biology

Samacheer Kalvi 7th Science Cell Biology Textual Evaluation

I. Choose the correct answers:

Cell Biology 7th Standard Question 1.
Basis unit of life.
(a) Cell
(b) Protoplasm
(c) Cellulose
(d) Nucleus
Answer:
(a) Cell

7th Science Cell Biology Question 2.
the outer most layer of an animal cell. Who am I?
(a)Cell wall
(b) Nucleus
(c)Cell membrane
(d) Nuclear membrane
Answer:
(c) Cell membrane

Samacheer Kalvi 7th Biology Guide Question 3.
Which part of the cell is called the brain of the cell?
(a) Lysosome
(c) Mitochondria
(b) Ribosome
(d) Nucleus.
Answer:
d) Nucleus

Science Cell Biology Question 4.
________ helps in cell division.
(a) Endoplasmic reticulum
(b) Golgi complex
(c) Centriole
(d) Nucleus
Answer:
(c) Centriole

Samacheer Kalvi Guru Science 7th Question 5.
Suitable term for the various components of cell is _________
(a) Tissue
(b) Nucleus
(c) Cell
(d) Cell organelle
Answer:
(d) Cell organelle

Fill in the blanks:

1. The jelly like substance present in the cell is called _______.
2. I convert the Sun’s energy into food for the plant. Who am I?_________.
3. Mature Red blood cell do not contain a ________.
4. Unicellular organisms can only be seen under a ________.
5. Cytoplasm plus nucleoplasm is equal to ________.

Answer:

1. cytoplasm
2. chloroplast
3. Nucleus
4. Microscope
5. Protoplasma

III. True or False – If False give the correction answer

7th Biology Guide Question 1.
Animal cells have a cell wall.
Answer:
False, Plant cells have a cell wall.

Question 2.
Salmonella is a unicellular bacteria.
Answer:
True

Question 3.
Cell membrane is fully permeable.
Answer:
False, Cell membrane is selectively permeable.

Question 4.
Only plant cells have chloroplasts.
Answer:
True.

Question 5.
Human stomach is an organ.
Answer:
True.

Question 6.
Ribosomes are small organelles with a membrane.
Answer:
False. Ribosomes are small organelles without a membrane.

IV. Match the following:

Question 1.

1. Transporting channel – Nucleus
2. Suicidal bag – Endoplasmic reticulum
3. Control room – Lysosome
4. Power house – Chloroplast
5. Food producer – Mitochondria

Answer:

1. Transporting channel – Endoplasmic reticulum
2. Suicidal bag – Lysosome
3. Control room – Nucleus
4. Power house – Mitochondria
5. Food producer – Chloroplast

V. Analogy:

Question 1.
Bacteria : microorganism :: mango tree :________
Answer:
Macroorganism.

Question 2.
Adipose : tissue :: eye :_________
Answer:
Organ

Question 3.
Cell wall: plant cell:: centriole :_________
Answer:
Animal cell.

Question 4.
Chloroplast: photosynthesis :: mitochondria :________
Answer:
Respiration.

VI. Choose Use connect alternative from the following :

Question 1.
Assertion (A) : Tissue is a group of dissimilar cells.
Reason (R) : Muscle is made up of Muscle cell.
(a) Both A and R are true
(b) Both A and R are false
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Answer:
(a) Both A and R are true

Question 2.
Assertion (A) :Majority of cells cannot be seen directly with naked eye because.
Reason (R) :Cells are microscopic.
(a) Both A and R are true
(b) Both A and R are false
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Answer:
(a) Both A and R are true

VII. Very short answer:

Question 1.
What are the functions of cell wall in plant cell?
Answer:
Protection, maintains shape of cell and acts as protective framework.

Question 2.
Which organelle uses energy from sunlight to make starch?
Answer:
Chloroplast uses energy from sunlight to make starch.

Question 3.
What are the main things in a nucleus?
Answer:
Nuclear envelope, Nucleolus, chromatin body.

Question 4.
What does cell membrane do?
Answer:
It acts as boundary of cell and protects it.

Question 5.
Why lysosomes are known as scavengers of the cell?
Answer:
The lysosomes are the main digestive compartments of a cell and digest damaged cell parts. Hence they are called scavengers of the cell.

Question 6.
Teacher said “A virus is not an organism” Do you agree with this statement or
not? Explain Why?
Answer:
True I agree with the statement. A virus acts as a living organism within the body of a host and behaves like a non-living thing outside. It lacks cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm and organelles. Hence it is not a organism.

VII. Give short answer :

Question 1.
Why the cell is very important for us?
Answer:

1. Cell is the basic structural and functions unit of life.
2. It is the building unit of living organism.
3. A group of cells form a tissue which forms the organ and organ systems.
4. This helps a living organism to do its functions. Hence cell is very important for us.

Distinguish between the following pairs

• Smooth ER and Rough ER
• Cell wall and cell membrane
• Chloroplast and mitochondria

Answer:
Smooth ER (Endoplasmic Reticulum)

1. It is smooth due to absence of Ribosomes.
2. It helps in transport of steroids and lipids.

Rough ER (Endoplasmic Reticulum)

1. It is’rough due to presence of Ribosomes.
2. It helps in protein synthesis

Cell wall

1. It is seen only in plant cells.
2. It is made of cellulose.

Cell membrane

1. It is seen in plant and animal cells.
2. It is made of proteins and lipids.

Chloroplast

1. It is a organelle seen only in plant cells (green plants)
2. It helps in synthesis and storage of starch.

Mitochondria

1. It is a organelle seen in plant and animal cells.
2. It is the centre of respiration in a cell and produces energy.

Question 3.
Write correct sequence from cell to organism?
Answer:
Cell —> Tissue —> Organ —> Organ system —> Organism.

Question 4.
Write a short note on nucleus.
Answer:

1. Nucleus is seen in the cytoplasm of plant and Animal cells.
2. It is surrounded by nuclear envelope.
3. It has one or two nucleoli and chromatin body.
4. The chromatin body stores genetic information.

Functions of Nucleus:

1. It controls all the processes and chemical reactions that take place inside the cell.
2. Inheritance of character from one generation to another.

Question 5.
Classify the following terms into cells, tissues, organs and write in the tabular column given below:
Neuron, Lungs, Xylem, brain, adipose, Leaf, RBC, WBC, hand, muscle, heart, ovum, squamous, phloem, cartilage.
Answer:

Question 6.
On the lines given below, write about what you have learned from the activities done in this lesson.
Let me tell you about some of the important things I’ve learned about cells. First, I’ll start with… .
First, I’ll start with___________________________.
Answer:

1. Cell is the basic unit of an organisms.
2. Based on number of cells organisms can be classified as unicellular and multicellular organisms.
3. The cells form tissues, Tissues form organs, Organ system help an organism to function.
4. The cell wall is seen only in plant cells.
5. Cell membrane is seen only in plant cells.
6. Cell membrane is seen in all cells.
7. The organelles of the cell like chloroplast, Mitochondria, Ribosomes, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi bodies etc help to perform cell functions.
8. Nucleus is the controlling centre of a cell.

IX. Given long answer:
Question 1.
Write about any three organelles in detail.
Answer:
The three organelles are as follows
Chloroplasts:

1. They are green organelles seen in plant cells only.
2. They can prepare food using sun is energy and photosynthesize since they contain the pigment chlorophyll.
3. They absorb the radiant energy of the sun and convert it to chemical energy to be used by plants and animals.

Golgi Complex:

1. They are cell organelles which consist of membrane bound sacs stacked on top of one another and have associated secretory vesicles.
2. Golgi complex helps in production of secretory substances, packaging and secretion.

Mitochondria:

1. It is a oral double membrane bounded organelle.
2. Aerobic respiration occurs in mitochondria and energy is released. Hence mitochondria is called as power house of the cell
3. The energy produced is used for metabolic activities of the cell.

Question 2.
In a situation, how to explain, while your friend ask what is this, never seen before ?

Answer:

1. This is a animal cell.
2. It is the basic unit of an animal body.
3. Animal cell is covered by a cell membrane and lacks cell wall.
4. It has organelles like mitochondia, Golgi apparatus, Ribosomes, etc..
5. It differs from plant cells since it lacks chloroplast.
6. It has centrioles which are not seen in plant cells.
7. Nucleus is the controlling centre of the cell.

Question 3.
Compare the plant cell and the animal cell and complete the illustration given below
Answer:

X. Higher ordear Thinking question :
Virus is called Acellular. Why?
Answer:

1. Virus is made up of a outer protein coat and a nucleic acid.
2. It lacks cell wall, cell membrane, organelles and cytoplasm.
3. Therefore a virus is described as a cellular.

Samacheer Kalvi 7th Science Cell Biology Intext Activities

Activity – 1

Question 1.
Do you remember the lesson studied in previous class, how will you find whether an object is living or non – living? Write it down. An object is living or non-living?
Answer:
Living things: Living things use energy. They move or change shape.
Eg: Humans, insects, plants, animals etc.
Non-living things:
Do not move by themselves, grow or reproduce.
Eg: Rocks, car, pencils etc.

Question 2.
Form a team and work together to write down some of the functions of life, which you can remember.
Answer:
Reproduction, response to stimuli, Growth, movement, excretion

Question 3.
Do you think that an individual cell is living? Explain your answer.
Answer:
Cells are living things. Cells are found in plants, animals and Bactria.

Question 4.
Write about various organelles of a cell which you know.
Answer:
Vacuole, lysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi appartus, mitochondria, chloroplast.

Activity – 2
Find out major organs that are part of the circulatory system of a human body and list out their functions.
Answer:

Organs

1. Heart (Cardiovascular)
2. Lungs (Pulmonary)
3. Blood vessels – Arteries
4. Blood vessels – Veins

Functions

1. Pumps oxygenated and deoxygenated blood on different sides.
2. In oxygen from incoming air enters the blood and carbon-di-oxide, a waste gas from the metabolism, leaves the blood.
3. Carry blood away from the heart.
4. Carry blood back to the heart.

Activity – 3
Study the pictures given and write the differences between cells that you observe in the given table
Answer:

Activity – 4
Summarise what you have learnt Now you’ve studied the internal structure of a cell. Let us summerise what we have learnt so far Complete this table by filling the main function of each of the cell structures.

Cell Structure

1. Cell membrane
2. Cell wall
3. Cytoplasm
4. Mitochondria
5. Vacuole
6. Chloroplast
7. Endoplasmic reticulum

Function(s)

1. Boundary of an animal cell.
2. Supporter and protector.
3. Giving a ceil its shape.
4. Energy releaser.
5. Support the organelle.
6. Food producers.
7. Synthesis protein lipids, steroids and transport them

Samacheer Kalvi 7th Science Cell Biology Additional Question :

Choose the correct answer.

Question 1.
________ is the largest organelle
(a) Chloroplast
(b) Mitochondria
(c) Nucleus
(d) Golgi apparatus
Answer:
(c) Nucleus

Question 2.
The ______cells are spindle shaped.
(a) muscle
(b) nervous
(c) RBC
(d) epithelial
Answer:
(a) muscle

Question 3.
The________ plays a role in change of colour and taste of fruits.
(a) nucleus
(b) Golgi bodies
(c) lysosome
(d) chloroplast
Answer:
(b) Golgi bodies

Question 4.
________lacks a nucleus.
(a) Nerve cell
(b) Muscle cell
(c) RBC
(d) Brain cell
Answer:
(c) RBC

Question 5.
Starch is stored in _______
(a) chloroplast
(b) leucoplast
(c) chromoplast
(d) Golgi apparatus
Answer:
(b) leucoplast

II. Fill in the blanks.

1. Plastids containing coloured pigments are called ________
2. cells have the ability to multiply and develop into different types of cells.
3. ________are seen only in animal cells.
4. An organelle seen in bacteria and cell of higher organisms is ______
5. Cell wall is made up of ________

Answer:

1. Chromoplasts
2. stem
3. centrioles
4. Ribosome
5. cellulose

III. True or false – if false, give the correct statement.
Question 1.
Leucoplast store steroids.
Answer:
False, Leucoplasts store starch.

Question 2.
Bacteria is a animal cell.
Answer:
False, Bacteria is a plant cell.

Question 3.
Amoeba contains chloroplants.
Answer:
False, Amoeba does not contain chloroplasts.

Question 4.
Mitochondria can help to photosynthesize.
Answer:
False, Mitochondria can help to produce energy

Question 5.
The cytoplasm consists of 90% water.
Answer:
True

Question 6.
The body of a nerve cell is branched.
Answer:
True.

IV. Match the following:

Question 1.

Answer:
(c)
(d)
(b)
(a)

V. Analogy:

Question 1.
Golgi: secretion :: Endoplasmic reticulum: _________
Answer:
Transport.

Question 2.
Plant tissue : Xylem :: Animal tissue : _________
Answer:
Epithelium.

Question 3.
Plant organ : stem :: Animal organ : _________
Answer:
Stomach.

VI. Assertion and Reason.
Mark the correct choice as
(a) Both A and R are true.
(b) Both A and R are false
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true

Question 1.
Assertion (A) : Stem cells can form different types of cells.
Reason (R) : They are found in plants and animals.
Answer:
(c) A is true but R is false

Question 2.
Assertion (A): The cell wall has pores.
Reason (R) : Each cell is connected to its neighbouring cell.
Answer:
(a) Both A and R are true

VII. Very short Answers:

Question 1.
Define a tissue.
Answer:
Tissue is a group of cells organized for a specific function.

Question 2.
What is Plasmodesmata?
Answer:
Each plant cell is interconnected with its neighboring cells through openings called Plasmodesmata.

Question 3.
What is ATP?
Answer:
ATP stands for Adenosineri Phosphate and is the energy currency of a cell.

Question 4.
What is unique about embryonic stem cells?
Answer:
They can develop into any type of cell in the body. Such as blood cell, nerve cell etc.

Question 5.
Name the types of plastids.
Answer:
Chloroplasts, chromoplasts and leucoplasts.

Question 6.
Name a cell which lacks a nucleus.
Answer:
Red blood cell.

VII. Short Answer.

Question 1.
Why are lysosomes called as ‘suicidal bags of the cell’?
Answer:
Lysosoms can lyse (destroy) a cell by producing enzymes. Hence they are known as suicidal bags of the cell.

Question 2.
What is endoplasmic reticulum?
Answer:
It is an inter membranous network made up of flat or tubular sacs within the cytoplasm. Endoplasmic reticulum is of two types. They are rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 3.
List the functions of Nucleus.
Answer:

1. It controls all the processes and chemical reactions that take place inside the cell.
2. Inheritance of character from one generation to another.

Question 4.
Why is mitochandia known as power house of the cell?
Answer:
Aerobic respiratory reactions take place within the mitochondrion to release energy. So it is known as “The Power House’” of the cell.

Question 5.
What is a vacuole?
Question:
It is a membrane bound bag like structure filled within organic and organic molecules along with water and found in plant cells to support the organelles. Animal cell has very small vacuoles.

VIII. Long Answer

Question 1.
List the functions of cell wall.
Answer:

1. Cell wall provides a frame work for support and stability.
2. It allows the plant to remain rigid and upright.
3. It helps to maintain the shape of the plant cell.
4. It has openings called plasmodesmata through which neighboring cells are interconnected.
5. It acts as a protective covering for the cell.

Question 2.
Draw a plant cell and label the parts.
Answer:

Question 3.
List the differences between Plant cell and Animal cell.
Answer:

Plant cell

1. It has cell wall.
2. It has plastids such as chloroplasts, chromoplasts etc.
3. Centrioles are not seen.
4. It has a large vacuole.
5. It is larger in size.

Animal Cell

1. Cell wall is absent.
2. Plastids are absent.
3. It has centrioles which help in cell division.
4. Vacuoles are small or absent.
5. It is smaller in size.

IX. Hots:

Question 1.
Bacterial cells can prepare food. Do you agree?
Answer:
Yes, some bacterial cells have chlorophyll pigments and can prepare food.

Question 2.
Stem cells are used by doctors to treat diseases. Do you agree with this statement?
Answer:
Yes. Stem cells can divide and form any other cell type and hence can be used to cure several diseases like spinal cord injury.

Students can Download English Lesson 3 A Prayer to the Teacher Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes Pdf, Activity, Samacheer Kalvi 7th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 7th English Solutions Term 1 Prose Chapter 3 A Prayer to the Teacher

Reading
I. Which of these statements do you find in the speech?

1. Inclusion is essential for us to do well in life.
2. We should neglect others.
3. Communicate politely with the less privileged.
4. Teachers teach us to communicate well.
5. Effective Communication is inessential to excel in life.

Answer:
We find statement No. 1, 3 and 4 in the speech.

1. [✓]
2. [✗]
3. [✓]
4. [✓]
5. [✗]

II. Read the statements. Tick [✓] the correct words. You can tick more than one.

A Prayer To The Teacher Question 1.
We should develop the ability to learn from _____
Answer:
[✓] self
[✓] others
[✓] books

A Prayer To The Teacher Question And Answer Question 2.
Teachers help me to learn _____  things.
Answer:
[✓] new
[ ] bad
[✓] difficult

A Prayer To The Teacher Summary Question 3.
Teach me to appreciate
Answer:
[✓] nature
[ ] destruction
[✓] small creatures

A Prayer To The Teacher Book Back Answers Question 4.
We should learn to questions.
Answer:
[✓] ask
[✓] answer
[ ] discard

III. Answer the following questions in a sentence or two.

A Prayer To The Teacher 7th Standard Question 1.
What is inclusion? Why is it important?
Answer:
Inclusion is to value everyone beyond the boundaries irrespective of their differences. Inclusion is important to be successful in life.

A Prayer To The Teacher 7th Std Question 2.
What is good or effective communication?
Answer:
Good and effective communication are to be able to speak and write to convey what . we actually feel.

Prayer To The Teacher Question 3.
What should we learn from our teachers?
Answer:
We should learn newer and more difficult things from our teachers.

A Prayer To The Teacher Lesson Plan Question 4.
What kind of learning brings joy to you?
Answer:
Learning new ways to learn brings joy to us.

A Prayer To The Teacher Theme Question 5.
In what ways are we doing injustice to nature?
Answer:
We do injustice to nature by felling trees, killing small creatures and causing urban decay.

A Prayer To The Teacher Prose 7th Standard Question 6.
What do you need to learn to live a good life in this world?
Answer:
To live a good life in this world we need to learn to appreciate the interconnected nature of things.

The Prayer To The Teacher Question 7.
How does the ability to question help us?
Answer:
The ability to question helps us to get answers, to establish better order of things, to be accountable and in the end it helps us to see the truth emerge.

A Prayer To The Teacher Lesson Question 8.
What do you think are the two most important lessons that the speaker mentions?
Answer:
The two most important lessons the speaker mentions are to stress our point without raising our voice and to raise our voice when our silence hurts another life.

IV. Answer the following questions in detail.

Samacheer Kalvi Guru 7th English Question 1.
What are the skills / values a teacher should teach their students to live in this competitive world?
Answer:
To live in this competitive world, our teachers should teach their students important skills and values like, the value of inclusion, ability to communicate both written and verbal, the ability to learn newer and more difficult things.

Samacheer Kalvi Guru English 7th Standard Question 2.
What kind of a life do you want to lead in this world?
Answer:
When I live in this world I want to live a patriotic life which means having tolerance towards others with a different opinion in matters like religion, race, etc. I would like to consider all people in the world suffering from poverty, disease and hunger as my own and help them. Violence should not be found in my environment. I should have the strength to love all my fellow human beings with all their short comings. I should see unity in diversity. I must not consider anyone from any part of the globe as foreigner or stranger but as brother and sister. I wish to live a peaceful life without any barbed wires or smoking guns.

Vocabulary

Prefix And Suffix

A. Match the suitable prefix and suffix to create new words of your own. One has been done for you.
Answer:

B. Refer to your dictionary. Add a prefix or suffix to the following words and find their antonyms.
Answer:

1. privileged × underprivileged
2. animate × inanimate
3. discriminate × indiscriminate
4. empty × unempty
5. communicate × miscommunicate
6. learn × unlearn

Listening

C. Listen to the story and fill in the blanks by selecting the right option.

1. Raj was upset as he had done ______ (Well/poorly) in his english test
2. His grandmother gave him a ______ (pen/pencil)
3. Granny compared ______ (Raj / Ravi) with the pencil.
4. Raj’s pain of not doing well in his test was compared with ______ of Pencil. (Sharping/ writing)
5. Raj understood that failures are stepping stones to _____ (success/climbing)

Answer:

1. Poorly
2. Pencil
3. Raj
4. Sharping
5. success

Speaking

D. Read the story. Divide yourselves into groups of four. Discuss what little Sarah wants to talk about. Take roles and enact the story.
Answer:
Anitha, Banu, Chitra and Daisy discuss what Little Sarah wants to talk about.
Anitha : Why is Sarah sad?
Banu : Sarah’s father got a transfer to another city. So Sarah was moved to a new house and a new school in the new city.
Chitra : Oh! Is she sad because she missed her old home and old school friends?
Daisy : Yes. She wanted to express her sad feelings to her close relatives.
Anitha : Do you mean to her parents and brother?
Banu : But poor thing, they did not listen to her in their busy work.
Chitra : Was she able to tell her feelings to any one?
Daisy : Her teacher Ms. Nancy saw her new student Sarah sad. She called her and asked the reason.
Anitha : Sure. Sarah would have told how badly she missed her dear friends and her home. Was the teacher able to make her happy?
Banu : Of course. The teacher listened to Sarah patiently and told her that the people near her present home and school are also good and assure she would earn good friends soon.
Chitra : The teacher had helped Sarah to develop a world view of things, to appreciate diversity and the power of loving her fellow human beings.
All : Yes!

Picto Grammar

E. Look at the pictures. Pick out the right preposition and fill in the speech bubbles given below.

Answer:

1. I’ am jumping over the box.
2. I can jump down from the box.
3. I’ am standing on the box.
4. I’ am carrying the box on my head.
5. I’ am sitting inside the box.
6. I’ am standing in front of the box
7. I’ am sitting in between the boxes.

Grammar

F. Read the following sentences carefully and underline the preposition
Answer:

1. Julian placed her lunchbox inside her bag. – Place Preposition
2. Vinothini left the house before sunrise. – Time Preposition
3. Ben saw Daisy playing across the road. – Place Preposition
4. Hema keeps all her teddy bears on top of her wardrobe. – Position Preposition
5. Divya hid the sweets behind her back. – Place Preposition
6. Sudha fell over during the basketball match. – Position Preposition
7. Madhusudhan checked to see if his keys had fallen underneath his chair. – Position Preposition
8. Mrs Meena asked the children to go into her classroom. – Place Preposition
9. After lunch, the children were allowed to play. – Time Preposition
10. Saravanan climbed onto the horse. – Position Preposition

G. Complete the following sentences using appropriate prepositions.

Question 1.
Is your mother _______ home?
(a) in
(b) at
(c) on
Answer:
(b) at

Question 2.
There is unity in diversity _______ the people.
(a) among
(b) between
(c) within
Answer:
(a) among

Question 3.
He discussed the problem _______ his parents.
(a) with
(b) to
(c) for
Answer:
(a) with

Question 4.
Lithisha was praised _______ her father.
(a) with
(b) for
(c) by
Answer:
(c) by

Question 5.
Can you finish the work _______ tomorrow?
(a) by
(b) in
(c) within
Answer:
(a) by

Question 6.
He has been absent _______ last week.
(a) since
(b) for
(c) by
Answer:
(a) since

H. Fill in the blanks using suitable positions from the box. Some options can be used more than once.

(across,with,on,to,by,since,from,about,into,at,during)

1. What do you do ______ weekends?
2. I am going to my village ______ Sunday.
3. I haven’t met my friends ______ December.
4. Run ______ the street and get me the ribbon.
5. He told me in detail ______ the incident.
6. ‘This picture was drawn ______ the girl ______ Charcoal
7. The car was travelling ______ a great speed.
8. The ball fell ______ the lake.
9. There is a bridge ______ the river.
10. The conference will be held ______ 10 a.m. ______ 5 p.m.

Answer:

1. during
2. on
3. since
4. on
5. about
6. by; with
7. at
8. into
9. across
10. from; tol

I. Fill up the blanks using suitable prepositions on your own.

1. The soldier climbed ________ a horse and rode away.
2. They have been here ________ a long time.
3. Kumaravel has lived in this city ________ 2012.
4. The paper was published ________ an International journal.
5. When will you return ________ home?
6. One ________ the four students wrote the answers correctly.
7. This fruit is ________ the Mexican capital.
8. The head offce is ________ Nungambakkam. It is College Road. As you go the station, the office is the right side.
9. The sailors were taken ________ the forest and made to walk 10 miles.
10. The girl standing ________ me was sneezing.

Answer:

1. on
2. for
3. since
4. in
5. back
6. of
7. from
8. at; on; through; at
9. through for
10. before

Writing

J. Fill in the value rees with the best qualities you like to follow ii ir life from the given list. Write a few lines about your favourite quality in the box.
Answer:

My favourite quality is Good manners. Good manners fetches good name for us. If we develop good manners from childhood it will continue till our adulthood. We shall be role models for others when we display good manners.

Creative Writing

K. Fill in the template given for limerick.
Answer:
There once was a chubby soft Teddy bear (8 syllable)
Whom cute baby had always near (8 syllable)
She played with him (5 syllable)
Even when she swim (5 syllable)
If Teddy’s lost don’t cry baby dear! (8 syllable)

A prayer to the Teacher Additional Questions

I. Choose the correct Synonyms from the options below.

Question 1.
emerge
(a) to appear
(b) come out
(c) reveal
Answer:
(b) come out

Question 2.
engulf
(a) swallow whole
(b) consume
(c) eat
Answer:
(a) swallow whole

Question 3.
nakedness
(a) frank
(b) open
(c) not hiding
Answer:
(a) frank

Question 4.
urban decay
(a) making city rot
(b) deteriorating the city
(c) destroy the city
Answer:
(c) destroy the city

Question 5.
gifted
(a) people with knowledge
(b) people blessed with everything
(c) giving fit
Answer:
(a) people with knowledge

Question 6.
cut throat
(a) highly competitive
(b) competitive
(c) cut the throat
Answer:
(a) highly competitive

Question 7.
value
(a) giving importance
(b) precious
(c) costly
Answer:
(a) giving importance

Question 8.
free
(a) without payment
(b) discount
(c) available without money
Answer:
(a) without payment

II. Pick the Correct Antonyms.

1. proportionate × ______ (disproportionate, unusual size, inequal)
2. unusual × ______ (usual, common, regular)
3. urban × ______ (village, suburban, town)
4.  accountable × ______ (unaccountable, not responsible, irresponsible)
5. imbalance × ______ (balance, not partial, equal)
6. animate × ______ (inanimate, not animal, non living)
7. tolerance × ______ (intolerance, not tolerate, not adjusting)
8. foreigner × ______ (native, inland person, citizen)
9. humility × ______ (proud, boasting, dominating)
10. indiscriminate × ______ (discriminate, judge carefully, identify)

Answer:

1. disproportionate
2. usual
3. village
4. unaccountable
5. balance
6. inanimate
7. intolerance
8. native
9. proud
10. discriminate

III. Choose the Correct Answer (MCQ).

Question 1.
I clean my house and empty the garbage on the road because the road is not ______ in what I feel is my own.
(a) included
(b) indulgence
(c) inclusion
Answer:
(a) included

Question 2.
I take my child to the movie but not my neighbour’s child because that child is beyond my zone of ______
(a) fostering
(b) caring
(c) parenting
Answer:
(c) parenting

Question 3.
Our depends on our power to impress ______
(a) survival
(b) impact
(c) honour
Answer:
(a) survival

Question 4.
We are ______ because we do not ask questions
(a) accountable
(b) learning
(c) enslaved
Answer:
(c) enslaved

Question 5.
The sea does not get ______ from us for the fish it gives us.
(a) tax
(b) royalties
(c) money
Answer:
(b) royalties

Question 6.
Poverty, disease and hunger have no ______
(a) diversity
(b) patriotism
(c) nationality
Answer:
(c) nationality

IV. Short Questions with Answers.

Question 1.
Give an introduction to the lesson ‘A Prayer to the Teacher’.
Answer:
The lesson A Prayer to the Teacher’ is actually the speech given by Subroto Bagchi, the Founder and CEO of Mindtree. The speech was the convocation address given to the teachers graduating from the International Academy for Creative Teaching at Bangalore in 2005.

Question 2.
What was the main theme of Subroto Bagchi’s speech?
Answer:
Subroto emphasizes mainly that the teachers should go beyond the syllabus and teach students the values and skills they need to live a useful and meaningful life.

Question 3.
What is the importance of the ‘power to impress’?
Answer:
Today’s students are forced to impress because their survival depends on their success in the rat race of common entrance tests and competitive exams and competitions.

Question 4.
‘Teach me also to raise my voice’. Is the author asking us to fight?
Answer:
No. The author wants us to speak thoughtfully to protect a life, one who is hurt and for truth. But at the same time when people unnecessarily shout, we should be silent, contemplate and act positively.

V. Paragraph Questions with Answers.

Question 1.
Define ‘inclusion’ and give three examples.
Answer:
Inclusion means valuing all people irrespective of their boundaries like financial and educational status, caste, creed, physical health, designation or nativity.
Examples:
1. Cleaning our house and emptying the garbage on the road because we do not feel the road is also ours.
2. Feeding our child in front of our hungry servant maid, not caring for her with a humanitarian heart that she also is one in our household.
3. Not taking the close neighbour’s child to the movie along with one’s own child, thereby not having a broad parental attitude.

Question 2.
List a few things we need to communicate and convey what we feel.
Answer:
We must be able to communicate with:

1. A simple innocent child and nature.
2. The disabled and the ones who are hard of hearing and speaking.
3. Those who are under privileged and less gifted than us.
4. People who are our seniors and elders as well as our juniors and youngsters.
5. With all the living as well as the nonliving things around.
   By communicating, the speaker means to protect, safe-guard, cherish and to keep them.

Question 3.
‘Teach me to appreciate the interconnected nature of things’. How?
Answer:
The speaker wants the teachers to create an awareness in students about nature when
they teach of nature. Example :

a) It is not just teaching the concept of ‘rising waves’ but also the reasoning what causes the waves to fall.

b) Teaching not only teach the use of fertilizers and pesticides, but even the damage they cause by killing small creatures and felling big trees.

c) We teach the protection and promotion of the interests of consumers but at the same time we must also teach the imbalance it causes in the natural state of things which causes death and destruction on the earth.

d) We must not just teach about birds like crows and sparrows but also teach what makes them to go extinct and how it could be prevented by saving them.

Question 4.
In this increasingly commercial world, the things that truly support life comes freely to us. Justify with suitable evidence.
Answer:
The things that help us to live are mostly got free.
We do not pay the cow for the milk she gives.
The earth does not ask us money for the crops it gives.
The sun that gives light, the air that helps to breathe, the river that gives water and the clouds which give rain do not get paid for their services.

Question 5.
How can we‘develop a world view of things’according to the speaker.
Answer:
The speaker stresses that we must have the ‘one world’ feeling. Poverty, disease and hunger in the world have to be removed. Patriotism in the world should not be intolerance towards religion and race. Enimity and wars in the future must be replaced with love for our fellow human beings. There should be unity in diversity. We should have tolerance towards the differences found in people. No one should be a ‘foreigner’ for us but all people in the world are our brothers and sisters.

VI. Explain the Following Terms.

Question 1.
Narrow domestic walls.
Answer:
Here the speaker Subroto narrates how India had been crushed in ‘narrow domestic walls’ Which means it has been divided by regions or barriers based on class, colour, caste, race, religion, ethnicity, etc. This narrow attitude opposes to a feeling of one united nation or one united human race. These barriers are not favourable for nationalism and internationalism.

Question 2.
‘Illuminated with the power of thousand Suns’
Answer:
As a concluding note of his convocation address, Subroto speaks these words to bless all the new graduates. Anyone, who graduates, dreams to take up the best career, do well in it, achieve and to be elevated. Hence Subroto abundantly blesses the life of the graduates to be lighted and bright, equivalent to the light given by a thousand Suns.

Question 3.
Power of silence.
Answer:
Sometimes silence is more louder than voices. Example if a son makes a mistake and faces his father, expecting that he would scold him and when he does not scold him, the son would feel the silence more painful than his words. Silence gives inner strength.

Question 4.
Engulf me and mine.
Answer:
Here the speaker says that if we continue to fell trees, kill animals, use enormous technology that destroys nature and causes natural imbalance, then one day our own habits and actions would completely damage and destroy us.

A Prayer to the Teacher Grammar Additional

I. Fill in the blanks with prepositional phrases.

Answer:

1. into the boat
2. in the dustbin
3. over the phone
4. over the track
5. on the road

II. Underline the place prepositional phrases.

Question 1.
Mani was at home when I called.
Answer:
Mani was at home when I called.

Question 2.
The tourists walked along the riverside.
Answer:
The tourists walked along the riverside.

Question 3.
You cannot park your car outside the restaurant.
Answer:
You cannot park your car outside the restaurant.

Question 4.
The flat on the second floor is vacant.
Answer:
The flat on the second floor is vacant.

Question 5.
Nana will put the baby in the cradle.
Answer:
Nana will put the baby in the cradle.

III. Underline the time prepositional phrases.

Question 1.
Chandran will call the doctor by 10.00 a.m.
Answer:
Chandran will call the doctor by 10.00 a.m.

Question 2.
Papa will have his medicine after breakfast.
Answer:
Papa will have his medicine after breakfast.

Question 3.
The buses are crowded during the morning.
Answer:
The buses are crowded during the morning.

Question 4.
I go for a walk in the evening.
Answer:
I go for a walk in the evening.

Question 5.
I have my interview at 11.00 a.m.
Answer:
I have my interview at 11.00 a.m.

IV. Underline the Position Prepositional Phrases.

Question 1.
Arun’s pen was found under the table.
Answer:
Arun’s pen was found under the table.

Question 2.
Ravi’s cap was below the lamppost.
Answer:
Ravi’s cap was below the lamppost.

Question 3.
The Principal sat near the Chief guest.
Answer:
The Principal sat near the Chief guest

Question 4.
The drone was moving above her head.
Answer:
The drone was moving above her head.

Question 5.
He clicked a photo on the Napier bridge.
Answer:
He clicked a photo on the Napier bridge

Warm up
Read the clues gues the professional and fill in the crosswords puzzle

Answer:

Question 1.
Which is the role of a farmer in society? Discuss and answer.
Farmers are the backbone of our country. They produce the food-crops, the oil-seeds, the commercial crops, and also some raw materials for our industries. Our food and dress materials are obtained from the hard work of farmers. Due to cotton cultivation, several textile mills were established and they gave employment opportunities for the unemployed.

Question 2.
When you grow up, what do you want to become? Why?
Answer:
When I grow up I want to become a Teacher because I can enlighten the children with knowledge.

A Prayer to the Teacher Summary

This lesson is the convocation address given by Subroto Bagchi, Founder and CEO, Mindtree, for the graduating teachers, their faculty and administrators.
The speaker first stresses on inclusion – valuing all people, irrespective of their boundaries like financial and educational status, caste, creed, physical strength, designation or nativity.

He gives three examples: Dumping the garbage on the road which is also ours. Feeding our child in front of our hungry servant maid without a humanitarian heart.

Secondly the speaker says that amidst the cut throat competition, the more we want to impress, the less we communicate. He emphasises to communicate with an innocent child, nature, the dumb and deaf, less gifted, the old and young, the living and non-living things around too. Thirdly he feels that teachers should prepare students for the wide world by teaching them newer and difficult things. Help to learn newer ways to learn that will make learning a joy. Fourthly Subroto emphasises to teach to appreciate the interconnected nature of things. Like creating an awareness about ‘nature’ while the topic ‘Nature’ is taught.

Example:

1. Teach not just the concept of ‘rising waves’ but also the reason why the waves fall.
2. Not only the use of fertilizers and pesticides but also the damages they cause.
3. Teach about birds like crows and sparrows how they go extinct and how to prevent it.

Subroto fifthly wants to inculcate the ability to question. This helps one to get answers, to establish better order of things, to be accountable and in the end it helps us to see the truth emerge.

The speaker sixthly clarifies that in this increasingly commercial world. All things that truly support life comes freely. The cow is not paid for the milk it gives, nor the earth asks money for the crops it gives. The sun gives light, air helps to breathe, the river gives water, clouds give rain, without getting paid for their services.

Seventhly the speaker wants the students to learn the ‘power of silence’. Stress our point without raising our voice and to raise our voice when our silence hurts another life.

Finally the speaker pleads the teachers to develop a world view of things by having a ‘one world’ feeling. By removing poverty, decrease and hunger in the world. Patriotism is not intolerance towards religion and race. Enmity was to be replaced with love for others. There should be unity in diversity. No one is a foreigner. All the people in the world are our siblings.

You can Download Samacheer Kalvi 7th Science Book Solutions Guide Pdf, Tamilnadu State Board help you to revise the complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 7th Science Solutions Term 2 Chapter 2 Electricity

Samacheer Kalvi 7th Science Electricity Textual Evaluation

I. Choose the correct answer:

Samacheer Kalvi 7th Science Guide Term 2 Question 1.
In the circuit diagram below, 10 units of electric charge move past point x every second What is the current in the circuit ________.

(a) 10 A
(b) 1 A
(c) 10 V
(d) 1 V
Answer:
(a) 10 A

Electricity Book Back Answers Question 2.
In the circuit shown, which switches (L, M or N) must be closed to light up the

(a) switch L only
(b) switch M only
(c) Switch M and N only
(d) either switch L or switches M and N
Answer:
(d) either switch L or switches M and N

Samacheer Kalvi 7th Science Term 2 Question 3.
Small amounts of electrical current are measured in milliampere (mA). How many milliampere are there in 0.25 A ?
(a) 2.5 mA
(b) 25 mA
(c) 250 mA
(d) 2500 mA
Answer:
(c) 250 mA

Samacheer Kalvi 7th Science 2nd Term Question 4.
which of the following circuits are the bulb connected in series?

Answer:

II. Fill in the blanks

1. The direction of conventional current is ____________ to electron flow.
2. One unit of coulomb is charge of approximately ____________ protons or electrons.
3. ____________ is used to measure the electric current.
4. In conducting materials electrons are ____________
5. S.I. unit of Electrical conductivity of a conductor is ____________

Answers:

1. Opposite
2. 6.242×10
3. Ammeter
4. Loosely
5. siemens/meters

III. True or false – If false give Hie correct answer:

Samacheer Kalvi 7th Science Book Answers Term 2 Question 1.
Electron flow is in the same direction to conventional current flow.
Answer:
False.
Electron flow is in the opposite direction to conventional current flow.

7th Science Term 2 Question 2.
The fuse wire does not melts whenever there is overload in the wiring.
Answer:
False.
The fuse wire melts whenever there is overload in the wiring.

7th Standard Term 2 Science Question 3.
In a parallel circuit, the electric components are divided into branches.
Answer:
True.

Electricity Lesson 7th Class Question 4.
The representation of the electric current is A.
Answer:
False.The representation of the electric current is I.

7th Class Electricity Lesson Question 5.
The electrical conductivity of the semiconductor is in between a conductor and an insulator.
Answer:
True.

VI. Match the following :

1. Cell – used to open or close a circuit
2. Switch – safety device used in electric circuit
3. Circuit – A complete path for the flow of an electric current
4. Miniature circuit Breaker- Reset by hand, circuit becomes complete once again
5. Fuse – A device which converts chemical energy into electrical energy

Answer:

1. Cell – A device which converts chemical energy into electrical energy
2. Switch – used to open or close a circuit
3. Circuit – A complete path for the flow of an electric current
4. Miniature circuit Breaker – Reset by hand, circuit becomes complete once again
5. Fuse – safety device used in electric circuit

V.Analogy:

Samacheer Kalvi Guru 7th Science Term 2 Question 1.
Water : pipe : : Electric current: ______.
Answer:
wire

7th Class Science Electricity Lesson Question 2.
Copper : conductor : : Wood : ________.
Answer:
insulator

7th Standard 2nd Term 2nd Lesson Question 3.
Length : meter scale : : Current : ________.
Answer:
ammeter

Question 4.
milli ampere: micro ampere : : 10 – 3A: _______.
Answer:
10-6A

VI. Assertion and Reason :

Question 1.
Assertion (A) : Copper1 is used to make electric wires.
Reason (R) : Copper has very low electrical resistance.
Option:
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true.
E. Both A and R are false .
Answer:
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

Question 2.
Assertion (A) : Insulators do not allow the flow of current through themselves. Reason (R) : They have no free charge carriers.
A. If both A and R are true and the R is correct explanation of A.
B. If both A and R are true but R is not a correct explanation of A.
C. If A is true and R is false.
D. If both A and R are false.
Answer:
A. If both A and R are true and the R is correct explanation of A

VII. Very short answer :

Question 1.
What is the speed of electric current?
Answer:
Current travels at the speed of 1/100th times the speed of light 0.0002 m/s.

Question 2.
What is the S.I unit of electrical conductivity?
Answer:
The SI unit of electrical conductivity is Siemens / metres (s/m).

Question 3.
Name the device used to generate electricity.
Answer:
Electric cell.

Question 4.
Define fuse.
Answer:
Electric fuse is a safety device which is used in household wiring and in many appliances.

Question 5.
Name some devices that run using heat effect of electric current
Answer:
Electric bulb, geyser, Iron box.

Question 6.
Name few insulators.
Answer:
Rubber, wood, plastic, glass.

Question 7.
What is a battery?
Answer:
Batteries are a collection of one or more cells whose chemical reactions create a flow of electrons in a circuit.

VIII. Short Answer :

Question 1.
Define an electric current.
Answer:
An electric current is measured by the amount of electric charge moving per unit time at any point in the circuit. The conventional symbol for current is I.

Question 2.
Differentiate parallel and serial circuits.
Answer:
Parallel circuits:

1. It is connected by branches.
2. Voltage remains the same across each component of the circuit
3. Each bulb is fully powered.
4. All bulbs stay lit if one goes out.

Serial circuits:

1. It consist of single loop connection.
2. Current remains same in all parts of the circuit.
3. All the bulbs share power.
4. All bulbs go out if one goes out.

Question 3.
Define electrical conductivity.
Answer:
Electrical conductivity or specific conductance is the measure of a material’s ability to conduct an electric current.

IX. Long Answer :

Question 1.
Explain flie construction and working of an Telephone.
Answer:
In telephones, a changing magnetic effect causes a thin sheet of metal (diaphragm) to vibrate. The diaphragm is made up a metal that can be attracted to magnets.

1. The diaphragm is attached to spring that is fixed to the earpiece.
2. When a current flows through the wires, the soft – iron bar becomes an electromagnet.
3. The diaphragm becomes attracted to the electromagnet.
4. As the person on the other end of the line speaks, his voice cause the current in the circuit to change. This causes the diaphragm in the earpiece to vibrate, producing sound.

Question 2.
Explain the heating effect of electric current
Answer:

1. When an electric current passes through a wire, the electrical energy is converted to heat.
2. In heating appliances, the heating element is made up of materials with high melting point. An example of such a material is nichrome (an alloy of nickel, iron and chromium).
3. The heating effect of electric current has many practical applications.
4. The electric bulb, geyser, iron box, immersible water heater are based on this effect.
5. These appliances have heating coils of high resistance.
6. Generation of heat due to electric current is known as the heating effect of electricity.

Question 3.
Explain the construction and working of a dry cell.
Answer:

1. A dry cell is a portable form of a leclanche cell.
2. It consists of zinc vessel which acts as a negative electrode or anode.
3. The vessel contains a moist paste of saw dust saturated with a solution of ammonium chloride an chloride.
4. The ammonium chloride acts as an electrolyte.
5. The purpose of zinc pide is to maintain the moistness of the paste being highly gyroscopic.
6. The carbon rod covered with a brass cap is placed in the middle of the vessel. It acts as positive electrode or cathode.
7. It is surrounded by a closely packed mixture of charcoal and manganese dioxide (Mn0₂) in a muslin bag.
8. Here Mn0₂ acts as depolarizer. The zinc vessel is sealed at the top with pitch or shellac.
9. A small hole is provided in it to allow the gases formed by the chemical action to escape.
10. The chemical action inside the cell is the same as in avalanche cell.

X. Higher Order Question:

A student made a circuit by using an electric cell, a switch, a torch bulb (fitted in the bulb holder) and copper connecting wires. When he turned on the switch, the torch bulb did not glow at all. The student checked the circuit and found that all the wire connections were tight.

Question 1.
What could be the possible reason for the torch bulb not glowing even when the circuit appears to be complete?
Answer:
The possible reasons so that even at switch ‘ON’ position the bulb is not glowing are:

1. The cell may be discharge
2. The bulb may be fused.
3. The wire may be broken from inside
4. The connection may be loose.

XI. Picture based Questions:

Question 1.
Three conductors are joined as shown in the diagram.
The current in conductor RS is 10 A. The current in conductor QR is 6 A. What will be the current in conductor PR

(a) 4A
(b) 6 A
(c) 10 A
(d) 16 A
Solution:
PR + OR = RS
PR + 6A = 10A
PR = 10A- 6A = 4A

Question 2.
Draw the circuit diagram for the following series connection.

Answer:

Question 3.
Study the electric circuit below. Which of the following switches should be closed so that only two bulbs will light up.

(a) SI, S2 and S4 only
(b) SI, S3 and S5 only
(c) S2, S3 and S4 only
(d) S2, S3 and S5 only
Answer:
(c) S2, S3 and S4 only

Question 4.
Study the three electric circuits below. Each of them has a glass rod (G), a steel rod (S), and a wooden rod (W).
In which of the electric circuits would the bulb not light up

(a) A only
(b) C only
(c) A and B only
(d) A, B and C
Answer:
(c) A and B only

Samacheer Kalvi 7th Science Electricity Intext Activities

Activity – 3

Question 1.
I am so exhausted. I am going to faint. What first aid will you give me to wake up?
Answer:

I will recharge immediately

Samacheer Kalvi 7th Science Electricity Additional Questions

I. Choose the correct answer.

Question 1.
An electric component used as a safety device is electric circuit is
(a) cell
(b) electric wires
(c) switch
(d) fuse
Answer:
(d) fuse

Question 2.
In an electric circuit, the current starts from
(a) the positive terminal of the battery
(b) the negative terminal of the battery
(c) either of the terminals of the battery
(d) none
Answer:
(a) the positive terminal of the battery

Question 3.
_______ was developed is 1887 by Yei Sakizo of Japan
(a) Alkaline cell
(b) Button cell
(c) Lead accumulator
(d) Dry cell
Answer:
(d) dry cell

Question 4.
________ cell is used to operate devices such as mobile phones, computers and emergency lights
(a) Primary cell Lithium cell
(b) Secondary cell
(c) Lithium Cell
(d) None
Answer:
(b) Secondary cell

Question 5.
A battery is a group of _______
(a) only two cells
(c) two or more cells
(b) only single cell
(d) all of these
Answer:
(c) two or more cells

Question 6.
Which of the following is an electrical conductor?
(a) cork
(b) wood
(c) plastic
(d) silver
Answer:
(d) silver

Question 7.
Which one of the following phenomenon occurs when two naked wires of electricity supply line touch other?
(a) Lightning
(b) Short circuiting
(c) Overloading
(d) none
Answer:
(b) Short circuiting

Question 8.
Magnetic effect of current was discovered by ____________
(a) Flemming
(b) John Dalton
(c) Newton
(d) Hans Christian Oersted
Answer:
(d) Hans Christian Oersted

Question 9.
Which of the following is the symbol for a bulb?

Answer:

Question 10.
Electricians wear rubbers gloves because it is ____________
(a) soft
(b) an insulator
(c) conductor
(d) water proof
Answer:
(b) an insulator

II. Fill in the Blanks.

1. ____________ is a common example of the practical application.
2. An insulator gives a lot of ____________ to the flow of charge (electron)
3. Wires made of ____________  an electrical conductor, have very low resistance.
4. The chip which are used in SIM cards and ATM cards are made up of ____________
5. ____________  are used to remove splinters of steel or iron in hospitals dealing with eye injuries.
6. Edison used a ____________ wire coil is a vacuum glass and discovered the first electric bulb in 1879.
7. ____________ cells cannot be recharged after use. x
8. The SI unit of potential difference is____________
9. The SI unit of resistance is____________
10. An electric charge always flows from a point____________ at to a point at____________

Answer:

1. Arc welding
2. resistance
3. copper
4. Semi conductors
5. Electromagnets
6. platinum
7. platinum
8. volt (V)
9. ohm
10. higher potential, lower potential

III. True or False – if false give the correct statement.

Question 1.
Insulators do not carry electric current because they do not have free electrons.
Answer:
True.

Question 2.
An MCB can be used instead of a fuse in an electrical circuit.
Answer:
True.

Question 3.
The flow of electric charge per unit time is called potential difference.
Answer:
False. The flow of electric charge per unit time is called current.

Question 4.
The source which produce the small amount of electricity for shorter period of time is called as electro chemical cell.
Answer:
True.

Question 5.
Electric cell converts electrical energy into chemical energy.
Answer:
False. Electric cell converts chemical energy into electrical energy.

Question 6.
The pipe is like the wire in the electric circuit and the pump is like the battery.
Answer:
True.

Question 7.
All batteries are made up of three components an anode, a cathode and some kind of electrolyte.
Answer:
True.

Question 8.
An insulator gives a less resistance to the flow of charge.
Answer:
False.An insulator gives a more resistance to the flow of charge.

Question 9.
Electric fuse has a body made of ceramic and two points for connecting the fuse wire.
Answer:
True

Question 10.
Chemical reaction happens, when electricity passes through various conducting liquids.
Answer:
True

IV. Match the following
Question 1.

1. 1 mA – (a) series
2. 1 pA – (b) ohm – metre
3. Ammeter – (c) 10-6 ampere
4. Electrical resistivity – (d) 10-3 ampere

Answer:

1. (d)
2. (c)
3. (a)
4. (b)

Question 2.

Answer:

1. (b)
2. (d)
3. (a)
4. (c)

Question 3.

1. Dry cells – (a) Reversible
2. Electrolyte – (b) Opens or closes the circuit
3. Switch – (c) Solution
4. Secondary cell – (d) Torches

Answer:

1. (d)
2. (c)
3. (b)
4. (a)

Question 4.

Answer:

1. (b)
2. (c)
3. (d)
4. (a)

V. Assertion and Reason.

Mark the correct choice as
(a) Both A and R are true but R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true and R is the not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

Question 1.
Assertion (A) : Charges flow from higher potential to the lower potential.
Reason (R) : Current flows mainly due to flow of electrons.
Answer:
(b) Both A and R are true and R is the not the correct explanation of A

Question 2.
Assertion (A) : Insulators do not allow flow of current through them.
Reason (R) : Insulators have no free charge carrier.
Answer:
(a) Both A and R are true but R is the correct explanation of A

Question 3.
Assertion (A) : A current carrying wire should be charged.
Reason (R) : The current in a wire is due to flow of free electrons in a definite direction.
Answer:
(d) A is false but R is true

Question 4.
Assertion (A) : The connecting wires are made of copper.
Reason (R) : The electrical conductivity of copper is high.
Answer:
(a) Both A and R are true but R is the correct explanation of A

VI. Very short Answers:

Question 1.
What is the source of electric current in a T.V. remote?
Answer:
Electric cell.

Question 2.
In which position is key placed in a circuit?
Answer:
Key can be placed anywhere in the circuit.

Question 3.
What are the effects of electricity?
Answer:

1. Heating effect
2. Chemical effect
3. Magnetic effect

Question 4.
Name the instrument which is used to measure potential difference.
Answer:
Voltmeter.

Question 3.
Name the portable form of a avalanche cell.
Answer:
Dry cell.

Question 4.
Name the substance that become ions in solutions and acquire the capacity to conduct electricity.
Answer:
Electrolytes.

Question 7.
Name the component of a circuit which help us to start or stop the appliances & safely and easily.
Answer:
Switch.

Question 8.
Name the component which connects electrical components to one another.
Answer:
Wire.

VII. Short Answer.

Question 1.
What is resistance?
Answer:
Resistance is the property of an electrical component which resists the flow of electric charges, when it is connected is a circuit.

Question 2.
What are the uses of electromagnets?
Answer:
Electromagnets are used in cars, speakers, electric motors, electric cells, telephone receivers and television.

Question 3.
What is an electric fuse made up of?
Answer:
A fuse is a small place of wire of an alloy of low melting point (63% tin and 37% lead).

Question 4.
What do you mean by magnetic effect?
Answer:
When electric current passes through a wire, it behaves like a magnet. This is called
magnetic effect of electricity.

Question 5.
What are MCB’s? How do they work?
Answer:

1. MCB’s (Miniature Circuit Breakers) are switches which automatically turn off when current in a circuit exceeds the safe limit.
2. We turn them on and the circuit is once again complete.

Question 6.
What is heating effect of the electric current?
Answer:

1. The wire or component gets hot when an electric current passes through them,
2. This is known as heating effect of the electric current.

Question 7.
Define electric cell. What is the direction of electric current in a cell?
Answer:

1. The simplest sources of an electric current is an electric cell and it has a positive terminal and a negative terminal.
2. In electric cell the current starts from positive terminal of the cell, passes through the equipment connected to it, and terminates at the negative terminal of the cell.

Question 8.
What do you mean by an open circuit?
Answer:

An open circuit occurs when there is break in the circuit which stops the current from flowing. Breaks in the circuit can be due to many causes, such as loose bulb holder or a missing wire in the circuit.

Question 9.
Write the analogy between water current and electric current.
Answer:

1. Water molecules flow towards a point of lower elevation.
2. Electric charges flow towards a point of lower voltage.

Question 10.
What are the factors affecting heating effect of electric current?
Answer:

1. The amount of current I.
2. The resistance R and

VIII. Long Answer

Question 1.
Write the differences between primary cell and secondary cell.
Answer:
Primary cell:

1. The chemical reaction inside the primary cell is irreversible
2. It cannot be recharged.
3. Examples of secondary cells are lead accumulator, Edison accumulator and Nickel – Iron accumulator.
4. Examples- simple voltalic cell, Daniel cell, and lechlanche cell and dry cell

Secondary cell:

1. The chemical reaction inside the secondary cell is reversible.
2. It can be recharged.
3. It is used to operate devices such as mobile phones, cameras, computers, and emergency lights.
4. Examples of secondary cells are lead accumulator, Edison accumulator and Nickel – Iron accumulator.

Question 2.
Explain the working of an electric fuse.
Answer:

1. Electric fuse is a safety device which is used in household wing and in many appliances.
2. Electric fuse has a body made of ceramic and two points for connecting the wire.
3. The fuse wire melts whenever there is overload of the current in the wire.
4. This breaks the circuit and helps in preventing damage to costly appliances and to the wiring.
5. In electrical devices, a glass fuse is often used.
6. This is a small glass tube, in which lies the fuse wire.

Question 3.
Explain the following :

1. Semi – conductors
2. Short circuit.

Answer:
1. The chip which are used in SIM Cards, Computers, and ATM cards are made up of semiconductors namely, silicon and germanium because of their electrical conductivity lies between a conductor and an insulator.

2. A short circuit is simply a low resistance connection between two conductors supplying electrical power to any circuit. Arc welding is a common example of the practical application of the heating due to a short circuit.

Question 4.
Draw the following using symbols:

1. Open circuit
2. Closed circuit
3. Series circuit
4. Parallel circuit

Answer:
1. Open Circute:

2. Closed Circuit:

3. Series Circuit:

4. Parallel Circuit:

IX. Problems for practice:

Question 1.
If 50 coulomb of electric charge flows through a wire in five minutes, calculate the current in the wire?
Solution:
Charge q = 50 c
time t = 5 min × 60 s = 300 s
current I = \(\frac { q }{ t }\)
= \(\frac { 50 }{ 300 }\) = \(\frac { 5 }{ 30 }\) = 0.166A

Question 2.
If 5A current flows through a circuit, then convert the current is terms of micro ampere?
solution :
I = 5A
IA = 106 µA
5A = 5 × 106 µA
5A = 50,00,000 µA

Question 3.
If 3A current flows through a circuit, then convert the current in terms of milliampere.
solution:
I = 3A
1A = 103 mA
3A = 3 × 1000 mA
3A = 3000 mA

X. Creative questions: HOTS

Question 1.
What is the difference between fuse wire and a heating wire?
Answer:
The fuse wire has low melting point, whereas the heating wire has a high melting point. Fuse wire is made up of tin-lead alloy, whereas heating wire is made of constant. (Copper and nickel alloy)

Question 2.
Observe the circuit given:

1. Would any of the bulb glow when the switch is in the ‘OFF’ position?
   
2. What will be the order in which the bulbs A, B and C will glow when the switch is moved to the ‘ON’ position?

Answer:

1. No bulb will glow
2. All bulbs will glow simultaneously.

Students can Download Accountancy Chapter 2 Accounts of Not-For-Profit Organisation Questions and Answers, Notes Pdf, Samacheer Kalvi 12th Accountancy Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 12th Accountancy Solutions Chapter 2 Accounts of Not-For-Profit Organisation

Samacheer Kalvi 12th Accountancy Accounts of Not-For-Profit Organisation Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. Choose the Correct Answer

12th Accountancy 2nd Chapter Answers  Question 1.
Receipts and payments account is a …………….
(a) Nominal A/c
(b) Real A/c
(c) Personal A/c
(d) Representative personal account
Answer:
(b) Real A/c

12th Accountancy Chapter 2 Question 2.
Receipts and payments account records receipts and payments of …………….
(a) Revenue nature only
(b) Capital nature only
(c) Both revenue and capital nature
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(c) Both revenue and capital nature

Samacheer Kalvi 12th Accountancy Solutions Chapter 2 Question 3.
Balance of receipts and payments account indicates the …………….
(a) Loss incurred during the period
(b) Excess of income over expenditure of the period
(c) Total cash payments during the period
(d) Cash and bank balance as on the date
Answer:
(d) Cash and bank balance as on the date

12th Accounts 2nd Chapter Question 4.
Income and expenditure account is a …………….
(a) Nominal A/c
(b) Real A/c
(c) Personal A/c
(d) Representative personal account
Answer:
(a) Nominal A/c

12th Accountancy 2nd Chapter Question 5.
Income and Expenditure Account is prepared to find out …………….
(a) Profit or loss
(b) Cash and bank balance
(c) Surplus or deficit
(d) Financial position
Answer:
(c) Surplus or deficit

12th Accountancy Chapter 2 Solutions Question 6.
Which of the following should not be recorded in the income and expenditure account?
(a) Sale of old news papers
(b) Loss on sale of asset
(c) Honorarium paid to the secretary
(d) Sale proceeds of furniture
Answer:
(d) Sale proceeds of furniture

12th Account Chapter 2 Question 7.
Subscription due but not received for the current year is …………….
(a) An asset
(b) A liability
(c) An expense
(d) An item to be ignored
Answer:
(a) An asset

Samacheer Kalvi 12th Accountancy Solutions Question 8.
Legacy is a …………….
(a) Revenue expenditure
(b) Capital expenditure
(c) Revenue receipt
(d) Capital receipt
Answer:
(d) Capital receipt

12th Accountancy 2nd Chapter Solutions Question 9.
Donations received for a specific purpose is …………….
(a) Revenue receipt
(b) Capital receipt
(c) Revenue expenditure
(d) Capital expenditure
Answer:
(b) Capital receipt

Samacheer Kalvi 12th Accountancy Solutions Chapter 1 Question 10.
There are 500 members in a club each paying ₹ 100 as annual subscription. Subscription due but not received for the current year is ₹ 200; Subscription received in advance is ? 300. Find out the amount of subscription to be shown in the income and expenditure account,
(a) ₹ 50, 000
(b) ₹ 50, 200
(c) ₹ 49, 900
(d) ₹ 49, 800
Answer:
(a) ₹ 50,000

II. Very Short Answer Questions

12th Samacheer Kalvi Accountancy Solution Book Question 1.
State the meaning of not-for-profit organisation.
Answer:
Some organisations are established for the purpose of rendering services to the public without any profit motive. They may be created for the promotion of art, culture, education and sports, etc. These organisations are called not-for-profit organisation.

Class 12 Accountancy Chapter 2 Solutions Question 2.
What is receipts and payments account?
Answer:
Receipts and Payments account is a summary of cash and bank transactions of not-for-profit organisations prepared at the end of each financial year. It is a real account in nature.

Class 12 Accountancy Chapter 2 Question 3.
What is legacy?
Answer:
It is the amount given to a non-trading concern as per the will. It is like a donation. It appears on the debit side of receipts and payments account, but is not treated as income because it is not of recurring nature. It is a capital receipt.

Chapter 2 Accountancy Class 12 Solutions Question 4.
Write a short note on life membership fees.
Answer:
Life membership fee is accounted as a capital receipt and added to capital fund on the liabilities side of Balance sheet. It is non – recurring in nature.

Samacheer Kalvi Guru 12th Accountancy Question 5.
Give four examples for capital receipts of not-for-profit organisation.
Answer:

1. Life membership fees
2. Legacies
3. Specific donation
4. Sale of fixed assets

12th Accountancy Solutions Samacheer Kalvi Question 6.
Give four examples for revenue receipts of not-for-profit organisation.
Answer:

1. Subscription
2. Interest on investment
3. Interest on fixed deposit
4. Sale of old sports material

III. Short Answer Questions

12th Accountancy Guide Samacheer Kalvi Question 1.
What is income and expenditure account?
Answer:
Income and expenditure account is a summary of income and expenditure of a not-for-profit organisation prepared at the end of an accounting year. It is prepared to find out the surplus or deficit pertaining to a particular year. It is a nominal account in nature in which items of revenue receipts and revenue expenditure relating to the current year alone are recorded.

12th Accountancy Answer Question 2.
State the differences between Receipts and Payments Account and Income and Expenditure Account.
Answer:

Accountancy 2nd Chapter Question 3.
How annual subscription is dealt with in the final accounts of not-for-profit organisation?
Answer:
(A) Treatment in income and expenditure account:
When subscription received for the current year, previous years and subsequent period are given separately, subscription received for the current year will be shown on the credit side of income and expenditure account after making the adjustments given below:

• Subscription outstanding for the current year is to be added.
• Subscription received in advance in the previous year which is meant for the current year is to be added.

When total subscription received in current year is given:

• Subscription outstanding in the previous year which is received in the current year will be subtracted.
• Subscription received in advance in the previous year which is meant for the current year is added and subscription received in advance must be subtracted.

(B) Treatment in Balance sheet:

• Subscription outstanding for the current year and still outstanding for the previous year will be shown on the asset side of the Balance sheet.
• Subscriptions received in advance in the current year will be shown on the liabilities side of the Balance sheet.

Class 12th Accounts Chapter 2 Solutions Question 4.
How the following items are dealt with in the final accounts of not-for-profit organisation?

1. Sale of sports materials
2. Life membership fees
3. Tournament fund

Answer:
1. Sale of sports materials:
The sale proceeds of old sports materials like balls and bats, etc., are revenue receipts.

2. Life membership fees:
Amount received like membership fee from members is a capital receipt as it is non – recurring in nature.

3. Tournament fund:
It is recurring in nature. It is revenue receipt. It is shown on liabilities side of balance sheet. Opening balance added donations and subtracted expenses incurred.

IV. Exercises

Question 1.
From the information given below, prepare Receipts and Payments account of Kurunji Sports Club for the year ended 31^st December, 2018.

Answer:
Kurinji Sports Club Account for the year ended 31st Dec 2018
Receipts and Payments

Question 2.
From the information given below, prepare Receipts and Payments account of Coimbatore Cricket Club for the year ending 31^st March, 2019.

Answer:
Coimbatore Cricket Club Receipts and Payments Account
for the year ending 31.03.19

Question 3.
From the information given below, prepare Receipts and Payments account of Madurai Mother Theresa Mahalir Mandram for the year ended 31^st December, 2018.

Answer:
Madurai Mother Theresa Mahalir Mandram Receipts and Payments Account for the year ending 31.12.18

Question 4.
Mayiladuthurai Recreation Club gives you the following details. Prepare Receipts and Payments account for the year ended 31^st March, 2019.

Answer:
Mayiladuthurai Recreation Club Receipts and Payments Account for the year ending 31.3.19

Question 5.
From the following information, prepare Receipts and Payments account of Cuddalore Kabaddi Association for the year ended 31^st March, 2019.

Cuddalore Kabadi Association Receipts and Payments Account for the year ending 31.03.19
Answer:

Question 6.
From the following receipts and payments account of Tenkasi Thiruvalluvar Manram, prepare income and expenditure account for the year ended 31^st March, 2019.

Answer:
Tenkasi Thiruvalluvar Manram Income and Expenditure Account for the year ended 31.03.19

Question 7.
From the following receipts and payments account, prepare income and expenditure account of Kumbakonam Basket Ball Association for the year ended 31^st March, 2018.

Answer:
Kumbakonam Basket Ball Association Income & Expenditure Account for the year ended 31.03.19

Question 8.
From the following receipts and payments account and the additional information given below, calculate the amount of subscription to be shown in Income and expenditure account for the year ending 31^st December, 2018.

Answer:
Income and Expenditure Account for the year ended 31.12.18

Question 9.
How the following items will appear in the final accounts of a club for the year ending 31st March 2019?
Receipts and Payments Account for the year ended 31st March, 2019

Answer:
There are 200 members in the club each paying an annual subscription of ₹ 400 per annum. Subscription still outstanding for the year 2017 – 2018 is ₹ 2,000.
Income & Expenditure Account for the year ended 31.03.2019

Balance Sheet as on 31.03.19

Question 10.
How will the following items appear in the final accounts of a club for the year ending 31st March 2017? Received subscription of ₹ 40,000 during the year 2016 – 17. This includes subscription of ₹ 5,000 for 2015 – 16 and ₹ 3,000 for the year 2017 – 18. Subscription of ₹ 1,000 is still outstanding for the year 2016 – 17.
Answer:
Income & Expenditure Account for the year ended 31.03.19
Balance Sheet as on 31.03.19

Question 11.
Compute income from subscription for the year 2018 from the following particulars relating to a club.

Answer:
Subscription received during the year 2018: ₹ 45,000. Income & Expenditure Account for the year ended 31.03.2019

Question 12.
From the following particulars, show how the item ‘subscription’ will appear in the Income and Expenditure Account for the year ended 31 – 12 – 2018?
Subscription received in 2018 is ₹ 50,000 which includes ₹ 5,000 for 2017 and ₹ 7,000 for 2019. Subscription outstanding for the year 2018 is ₹ 6,000. Subscription of ₹ 4,000 was received in advance for 2018 in the year 2017.
Answer:
Income and Expenditure Account for the year ended 31.12.2018

Question 13.
How the following items appear in the final accounts of Thoothukudi Young Pioneers Association?
There are one hundred members in the association each paying ₹ 25 as annual subscription. By the end of the year 10 members had not paid their subscription but four members had paid for the next year in advance.
Income & Expenditure Account for the year ended
Answer:

Balance Sheet as on …………..

Question 14.
How will the following appear in the final accounts of Marthandam Women Cultural Association?

Answer:
Income and Expenditure Account for the year ended 31.03.19

Balance Sheet as on 31.03.19

Question 15.
How will the following appear in the final accounts of Vedaranyam Sports club?

Answer:
Income & Expenditure Account for the year ended

Balance Sheet as on …………..

Question 16.
Show how the following items appear in the income and expenditure account of Sirkazhi Singers Association?

Answer:
Income and Expenditure Account for the year ended 31.03.18

Question 17.
Chennai tennis club had Match fund showing credit balance of ₹ 24,000 on 1^st April, 2018. Receipt to the fund during the year was ₹ 26,000. Match expenses incurred during the year was ₹ 33,000. How these items will appear in the final accounts of the club for the year ended 31^st March, 2019?
Balance Sheet as on 31.03.2019
Answer:
Income and Expenditure Account for the year ended 31.03.18

Question 18.
How will the following appear in the final accounts of Karaikudi sports club for the year ending 31^stMarch, 2019?

Answer:
Balance Sheet as on 31.03.19

Question 19.
Compute capital fund of Salem Sports Club as on 1.4.2019.

Answer:
Balance Sheet as on 01.04.2019

Question 20.
From the following Receipts and Payments account and from the information given below of Ramanathapuram Sports Club, prepare Income and Expenditure account for the year ended 31st December, 2018 and the balance sheet as on that date.
Receipts and Payments Account for the year ended 31^st December, 2018

Additional information:

1. Capital fund as on 1^st January 2018 ₹ 30,000.
2. Opening stock of sports material ₹ 3,000 and closing stock of sports material ₹ 5,000.

Answer:
Income and Expenditure Account for the year ended 31.12.18

Balance Sheet as on 31.12.18

Question 21.
From the following Receipts and Payments account of Yercaud Youth Association, prepare Income and expenditure account for the year ended 31^st March, 2019 and the balance sheet as on that date.
Receipts and Payments Account for the year ended 31^st March, 2019

Additional information:

1. Opening capital fund ₹ 20,000.
2. Stock of books on 1.4.2018 ₹ 9,200.
3. Subscription due but not received ₹ 1,700.
4. Stock of stationery on 1.4.2018 ₹ 1,200 and stock of stationery on 31.3.2019, ₹ 2,000

Income and Expenditure Account for the year ended 31.03.19

Balance Sheet as on 31.03.2019

Question 22.
Following is the Receipts and Payments account of Neyveli Science Club for the year ended 31^st December, 2018.
Receipts and Payments Account for the year ended 31^st December, 2018

Additional information:

1. Opening capital fund ₹ 6,400
2. Subscription includes ₹ 600 for the year 2019
3. Science equipment as on 1.1.2018 ₹ 5,000
4. Surplus on account of exhibition should be kept in reserve for new auditorium.

Prepare income and expenditure account for the year ended 31^st December, 2018 and the balance sheet as on that date.
Answer:
Income and Expenditure Account for the year ended 31.12.18

Balance Sheet as on 31.12.2018

Question 23.
From the following Receipts and Payments account of Sivakasi Pensioner’s Recreation Club, prepare income and expenditure account for the year ended 31^st March, 2018 and the balance sheet as on that date.
Receipts and Payments Account for the year ended 31^st March, 2018

Additional information:

1. The club had 300 members each paying ₹ 100 as annual subscription.
2. The club had furniture ₹ 10,000 on 1.4.2017.
3. The subscription still due but not received for the year 2016 – 2017 is ₹ 1,000.

Income and Expenditure Account for the year ended 31.03.18

Opening Balance Sheet as on 1.1.18

Balance Sheet as on 31.12.2019

Question 24.
Following is the Receipts and payments account of Virudhunagar Volleyball Association for the year ended 31^st December, 2018.
Receipts and Payments Account for the year ended 31^st December, 2018

Answer:
Additional information:

1. On 1.1.2018, the association owned investments ₹ 10,000, premises and grounds ₹ 40,000, stock of bats and balls ₹ 5,000.
2. Subscription ₹ 5,000 related to 2017 is still due.
3. Subscription due for the year 2018, ₹ 6,000.

Prepare income and expenditure account for the year ended 31^st December, 2018 and the balance sheet as on that date.
Answer:
Income and Expenditure Account for the year ended 31.12.18

Opening Balance Sheet as on 1.1.18

Balance Sheet as on 31.12.2109

Samacheer Kalvi 12th Accountancy Accounts of Not-For-Profit Organisation Additional Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer

Question 1.
State the primary motive of not-for-profit organisation?
(a) Producing goods
(b) Provide service
(c) Both
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) Provide service

Question 2.
State the nature of Life membership subscription.
(a) Cash Payments
(b) Cash Receipts
(c) Capital Receipt
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) Cash Receipts

Question 3.
On which basis Receipt and Payment Account is prepared?
(a) Cash basis
(b) Credit basis
(c) Accrual basis
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) Cash basis

Question 4.
Classify the subscription received during the year of not-for-profit organisation.
(a) Capital Receipt
(b) Capital Expenditure
(c) Revenue Receipt
(d) Both
Answer:
(c) Revenue Receipt

Question 5.
State the nature of Receipt and Payment A/c for not-for-profit organisation.
(a) Real Account
(b) Personal A/c
(c) Nominal A/c
(d) Representative Personal A/c
Answer:
(a) Real Account

Question 6.
Subscription received in advance is
(a) An Asset
(b) Income
(c) A Liability
(d) Expenditure
Answer:
(c) A Liability

II. Fill in the blanks

Question 7.
Not-for-profit organisation set up with the objective of ……………. of the society.
Answer:
Welfare

Question 8.
The nature of Receipt and Payments Account is …………….
Answer:
An Asset

Question 9.
Receipt and Payment Account is prepared as ……………. basis of accounting.
Answer:
Cash

Question 10.
Nature of Income over Expenditure Account is …………….
Answer:
Nominal Account

Question 11.
Excess of Income over Expenditure, the result is …………….
Answer:
Real surplus Account

Question 12.
Excess of Expenditure over the Income, the result is …………….
Answer:
Definite Liability

III. Match the following

Question 13.

Answer:
(a) 4, 3, 1, 2

Question 14.

Answer:
(a) 4, 3, 1, 2

IV. Assertion and Reason:

Question 15.
Assertion : Life Membership Fee: Amount received towards life membership fee from the members is a capital receipt.
Reason : It is non – recurring nature.
(a) Assertion and Reason is correct
(b) Assertion is incorrect Reason is correct
(c) Assertion is correct
(d) Both are incorrect
Answer:
(a) Assertion and Reason is correct

Question 16.
Specific Donation : Assertion : Donation is received with a specific condition for a particular purpose like sports fund is a specific donations.
Reason : It is Capital Receipt.
(a) Assertion and Reason is incorrect
(b) Assertion and Reason is correct
(c) Assertion is correct Reason is incorrect
(d) Assertion is incorrect Reason is correct
Answer:
(b) Assertion and Reason is correct

Question 17.
Identify wrong statement about Entrance Fees
(a) Is a amount paid by a person at the time of becoming a member
(b) Is a income of Not-for-profit organisation
(c) It is a revenue receipt of organisation
(d) Is debited to Income and Expenditure Account
Answer:
(d) Is debited to Income and Expenditure Account

V. Very Short Answer Questions

Question 1.
What are the features of Not-for-profit-organisation?
Answer:

1. Main aim is service
2. Profit is not the criterion
3. Surplus not distributed among its members
4. Separate entity
5. Unique names connect their working
6. Management by elected persons

Question 2.
What are books maintained by Not-for-profit organisation?
Answer:

1. Cash Book
2. Ledger
3. Member’s Register
4. Register of Assets
5. Final Accounts: (a) Receipt and payments Account
6. Income and Expenditure Account
7. Balance Sheet

VI. Exercises:

Question 1.

Subscription of ₹ 9,000 is still in arrears for the year 2012 – 13. Prepare Income and Expenditure Account for 2013 – 2014.
Answer:
Income and Expenditure Account for the year 31.03.14

Question 2.

Answer:
Income and Expenditure Account for the year 31.3.14

Question 3.
What are the steps in preparation of Income and Expenditure from Receipts and Payments account?
Answer:

1. Opening and Closing balances of cash and bank a/cs in receipts and payment account must be excluded.

2. Capital receipts and capital expenditure must be excluded.

3. Only revenue receipts pertaining to the current year should be taken to the credit side of income and expenditure account. Due adjustments should be made for income received in advance income accrued for the current year and for the amount relating to the previous year or years.

4. Similarly revenue expenditure relating to the current year only must be taken in the debit side of income and expenditure account. Adjustment must be made for outstanding expenses of the previous year and current year and for the prepaid expenses of the previous year and current year.

5. Any income or expense relating to specific fund must not be taken to income and expenditure account.

6. Non – Cash items such as bad debts, depreciation, loss or gain on sale of assets etc. which are not recorded in receipt and payments account must be recorded in income and expenditure account.

7.The balancing figure of income and expenditure account is either surplus or deficit and will be transferred to capital fund in the balance sheet. If the total of credit side of income and expenditure account is more than the total of debit side (excess of income over expenditure), the difference represents surplus. If the debit side total income and expenditure is more than the total of credit side), the difference represents deficit.

Question 4.
Following is the summary of cash transactions of Friends Club for the year ended 31^st March 2016. Prepare Income and Expenditure Account for the year ended 31^st March 2016, and also Balance Sheet at that date.
Receipts and Payments Account

Additional Information:

1. In the beginning of the year, the club had books worth ₹ 3,00,000 and Furniture worth ₹ 58,000.
2. Subscription in Arrear 1^st April 2015 When ₹ 6,000 and ₹ 7,000 on 31st March 2016.
3. 18,000 was due by of Rent in the beginning as well at the end of the year.
4. Write off Rs. 5,000 from Furniture and ₹ 30,000 from Banks.

Balance Sheet as on 01.04.2015

Answer:
Friends Club:
Income and Expenditure Account for the year ended.

Balance Sheet as on 31.03.2016

Question 5.
From the following Receipts and Payments Account of Defence Club and from the information supplied, prepare Income and Expenditure Account for the year ended 31^st March 2016 and Balance Sheet as on that date.
Receipts and Payments Account for the year ended 31.3.2016

1. The Club has 50 members each paying an annual subscription of ₹ 2,500. Subscription outstanding in 31.03.2015 were to extent of ₹ 3,000
2. On 31^st March 2016, Salaries Outstanding amounted to ₹ 10,000. Salaries Paid in 2015 – 16 included ₹ 30,000 for the year 14 – 15
3. On 1^st April 2015, the Club owned Building valued @ ₹ 10,00,000; Furniture Worth of ₹ 1,00,000 and Books ₹ 1,00,000

Balance Sheet as on 1.4.2015

Income and Expenditure Account for the year ended 31.3.16

Balance Sheet as on 31.03.2016

Question 6.
From the following Receipts and Payments Account of Defence Club and from the information supplied, prepare Income and Expenditure Account for the year ended 31^st March 2016 and Balance sheet as on that date.
Receipts and Payments Accounts for the year ended 31^st March 2016

1. The Club has 50 members each paying an annual subscription of ₹ 2,500. Subscriptions outstanding on 31^st March, 2015 were to the extent of ₹ 30,000.
2. On 31^st March, 2016, Salaries Outstanding amounted to ₹ 10,000. Salaries Paid in 2015 – 16 included ₹ 30,000 for the year 2014 – 15
3. On 1^st April 2015, the Club owned building valued at ₹ 10,00,000. Furniture worth ₹ 1,00,000 and Books ₹ 1,00,000.

Answer:
Defence Club
Income and Expenditure Account for the year ended 31^st March, 2016

Balance Sheet as at 31^st March 2016

Working Notes 1. Calculation of Capital Fund as at 1^st April, 2015

Balance Sheet as at 31^st April, 2015

Question 7.
Following is the Receipts and Payments Account of the Mumbai Club for the year ended 31^st March 2016:
Receipts and Payments Accounts for the year ended 31^st March 2016

Additional Information:

1. Stationery Expenses, etc ₹ 3,120 related to 2014 – 15 still owing ₹ 3,640.
2. Subscription unpaid for 2015 – 16 ₹ 8,680; Special subscriptions for Governor’s party outstanding ₹ 5,500. Governor’s party is to be held in April 2016.
3. The Club owned sports materials of the value ₹ 1,60,000 on 1^st April, 2015. This was valued at ₹ 1,35,000 on 31^st March, 2016, stock includes sports materials of ₹ 5,000, which is to be written off being not usable. The club took a loan of ₹ 2,00,000 in 2014 – 15.

Prepare Income and Expenditure Account for the year ended on 31st March, 2016 and Balance Sheet as on that date.
Balance Sheet as on 1^st April 2015

Mumbai Club Income And Expenditure Account for the year ended 31^st March, 2016

Balance Sheet as on 31^st March, 2016

Question 8.
Distinction between Receipts and Payments Account and Cash Book.
Answer:

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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Solutions Prose Chapter 3 Forgetting

Check out the topics covered in Prose Chapter 3 Forgetting Questions and Answers before you start your preparation. Improve your grammar skills with the help of Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Book Solutions Questions and Answers pdf links. The solutions for Tamilnadu State Board 11th English Textbook are prepared by the English experts. So, if you follow Tamilnadu State Board Solutions 11th English Textbook Solutions you can cover all the topics in Prose Chapter 3 Forgetting Questons and Answers. This helps to improve your communication skills.

Check out the topics covered in Chapter 3 Forgetting Questions and Answers before you start your preparation. Improve your grammar skills with the help of Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Book Solutions Questions and Answers pdf links. The solutions for Tamilnadu State Board 11th English Textbook are prepared by the English experts. So, if you follow Tamilnadu State Board Solutions 11th English Textbook Solutions you can cover all the topics in Chapter 3 Forgetting Questons and Answers. This helps to improve your communication skills.

Warm up

11th English Forgetting Lesson Summary Question 1.
How forgetful are you?
Answer:
We are all forgetful at times and would like to find ways of improving our memories.

A. How sharp is your memory?

Take this five-minute memory test. The teacher will read out a series of 30 words, one by one. Some of them will be repeated. Whenever you hear a word for the first time, write ‘N’ (for New) in the corresponding box and when you hear a repeated word write ‘R’ After completing this task, check your results. Compare it with your friends and see where you stand.

A set of 30 words is provided here. You can ask your teacher or a friend to read out the words. Hear carefully and do this activity yourself.

Answer:

B. Have you ever lost or misplaced anything of value due to forget fulness?

Yes, I have misplaced my hall ticket. I was tensed. My Headmaster asked me not to panic. He identified me to the hall supervisor and allowed me to write my examination in Std X.

At times, instances of forgetfulness may land us in a tight spot or in a difficult situation. Therefore, we need to find ways to remember what we have to do or carry with us. One way is to make a mental check-list that we can verify before starting any activity.

Now discuss with your partner and think of some practical ideas to overcome forgetfulness, in your day-to-day activities.

Answer:

C. Discuss and share your views with the class on the following. Is forgetfulness a result of carelessness or preoccupation?

Team A : We think it is a result of carelessness. If we really attach great importance to details, we will never forget.
Team B : Perhaps, things you are interested in, you don’t tend to forget.
Team C : We think forgetting is mostly by preoccupation with something. Brain can do , multi-tasking but not always. If your mind is focussed on a serious problem and ways of solving it, the brain shuts down all other memory files for a while. It is purely a temporary issue.
Team A&B : Yes, we agree;with team‘C’.

Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Forgetting Textual Questions

1. Based on your understanding of the essay, answer the following questions in one or two sentences each.

Forgetting By Robert Lynd Questions And Answers Question (a)
What does lynd actually wonder at?
Answer:
Robert Lynd wonders at the efficiency of human memory. He is amazed at the ordinary man’s capacity to remember phone numbers, addresses of friends, appointments for lunch and dinner and many names of actors, actresses and leading players in popular games.

11th English Forgetting Lesson Paragraph Question (b)
Name a few things that a person remembers easily.
Answer:
A man easily remembers all the items of clothing, shutting the door before leaving the home, turning off lights before going upstairs, etc,

11th English Unit 3 Prose Question (c)
How do psychologists interpret forgetfulness?
Answer:
Psychologists believe that humans forget what they don’t want to remember, like taking pills.

11th English Unit 3 Question (d)
What is the commonest type of forgetfulness, according to Lynd?
Answer:
Commonest type of forgetfulness occurs in the matters of posting letters. The author himself has forgotten to post his own letters many times.

Forgetting Lesson Question (e)
What does the author mean when he says the letter in his pocket leads an unadventurous life?
Answer:
The poet forgets the letters kept in his pocket. Whenever the friend enquires about the unposted letters, it embarrasses him. Then he is forced to produce the evidence of his guilt (i.e.,) the unposted letters. This awkward humiliation is said to be unadventurous.

Forgetting Prose Summary Question (f)
What are the articles the writer forgets most often?
Answer:
The poet often forgets his books and walking sticks.

Forgetting Lesson Summary Question (g)
Who are the citizens of ‘dreamland’? Why?
Answer:
Boys who return from cricket and football matches tend to forget bats and balls. Their minds are filled with a vision of the playing field. Their heads are among the stars. They are said to be the citizens of dreamland.

Question (h)
What is common about the ‘angler’ and the ‘poet’?
Answer:
The angler enjoys his sport of fishing so intensely that he forgets his fishing rod. Likewise, the poet, who often roams in his own world of imagination, may forget to post a letter. Both the angler’s and the poet’s loss of memory is a tribute to the intensity of their enjoyment.

2. Based on your reading, answer the following questions in two to four sentences each,

Question (a)
What made people wonder about the absentmindedness of their fellow-beings?
Answer:
The publication of articles lost by train travellers astonished many readers. Old people did not forget much. In fact, young men have forgotten bats and balls on their return from matches.

Question (b)
What are our memories filled with?
Answer:
Our memories are filled with names of cricketers, footballers, murderers,. actors and actresses. Our memories are filled with many routine activities.

Question (c)
When does human memory work with less than its usual capacity?
Answer:
Human memory works with less than its usual capacity in matters like taking medicine. The author explains that human memory represents the
willingness to remember certain things. It forgets what it does not wish to remember. Humans are blessed with “selective amnesia”

Question (d)
Why, according to Lynd, should taking medicines be one of the easiest actions to remember?
Answer:
Taking medicines should be one of the easiest actions to remember because doctor has prescribed the medicine to recover from illness. Besides, there is a need to take it either before or after meals. Everytime one takes meals, one should easily remember medicine.

Question (e)
How,do the chemists make fortunes out of the medicines people forget to take? Similar to the author, many remember to forget medicine as soon as the appointed time arrives.
Answer:
The forgotten medicines tend to aggravate the illness. As a vicious cycle, again they are forced to buy costlier medicines. Thus people who forget to take medicines contribute to the fortunes of chemists.

Question (f)
The list of articles lost in trains suggest that sportsmen have worse memories than their ordinary serious-minded fellows. Why does Lynd say this?
Answer:
Considerable number of footballs and cricket bats were forgotten by young sportsmen. Serious – minded ordinary citizens forget less. The author Lynd infers that the sportsmen’s forgetfulness is justified as their minds are full of vision of the playing field. Their heads are in the stars and among the clouds. Keeping their hearts in boots, young sportsmen rush home to talk about their exploits and are naturally more absent-minded than serious- minded ordinary folks.

Question (g)
What kind of absent-mindedness is regarded as a virtue by Lynd?
Answer:
Scientists, poets, anglers and philosophers forget prosaic things. Their minds are absorbed in lofty thoughts and glorious imaginations that they forget ordinary things. Socrates, Tagore and Einstein had the virtue of absent – mindedness. Einstein usually forgot to change his rocks. Once he even forgot his own house address. The absent – mindedness of such great personalities is a virtue. As they make best of life, they have no time to remember the mediocre.

Question (h)
Narrate the plight of the baby on its day out.
Answer:
A father offered to take the baby out in a perambulator. On a sunny morning, he was tempted to have a glass of beer. He entered a pub leaving the perambulator in the street opposite to the pub. A little later, his wife found the baby asleep in the perambulator. Her husband was not found anywhere. She took the perambulator home anticipating her husband’s remorse over the stolen baby. But to her obvious dismay, he walked in cheerfully and asked her what was the lunch. He had completely forgotten the baby on its day out.

3. Answer the following in a paragraph of about 100-150 words each.

Question (a)
You have borrowed a branded cricket bat from your reluctant friend for an outstation match. After returning home you realize you have absent-mindedly left it in the hotel room. Write a letter of apology and regret to your friend.

12, Dhandapani Street,
T. Nagar
13.07.2018.

Dear Madhan / Seema,

I’m. fine. I hope this letter finds you in the best of your health. I’m penning this letter to express my profound sorrow for forgetting to bring your branded cricket bat. I have left it behind in the hotel room in Mumbai. I’m terribly sorry. I was late for the train to Chennai. As I rushed to the station, I just forgot the packed bat. I rang up the hotel. I am told that the bat is safe. Next week, my cousin is coming home. I have asked him to bring it from the hotel. Kindly bear with me. Please do forgive my mistake. I shall certainly return your bat in a fortnight.
With deep regrets

Yours loving friend
Arun / Vanitha

To
K. Madhan
S/0 Krishna
17, Valluvar St,
Urappakam

Question (b)
Kahlil Gibran states ‘Forgetfulness is a form of freedom.’ Write an article for your school magazine, linking your ideas logically and giving appropriate examples.
Answer:
Forgetting is deemed by many people leading prosaic lives as a mistake or an inefficiency of mind. But in reality, forgetfulness is freedom. Osho is right in his opinion of forgetfulness. In fact, it liberates painful memories and unpleasant things. We need to “let go” painful memories of the past and be free to aspire for better things in life. Robert Frost in his poem, “Let go” talks about mediocre person’s inability to let go things that hurt them. The capacity to forget hurtful memories is a real blessing.

If human mind does not have the capacity to forget, life would be miserable for every one of us. Human mind is such a wonderful machine that it retains what is most important for personal or professional growth and allows the other things to slip away from the bank of memory. But young ones should remember to remember important assignments, deadlines for submission of homework, examination time-tables and hall tickets before leaving for examination.

To assist memory we can have a checklist before leaving for the school. It is often said, “If you fail to plan, you plan to fail.” So, my dear friends, I appeal to you to love whatever work you do. The brain retains in memory whatever you do with great passion, love and involvement. For a successful life, a strong memory is indispensable. So, cultivate a strong memory. However, I appeal to you to forget failures, betrayals and hurts to grow into a happy and healthy person.

“Sometimes we survive by forgetting.”

Question (c)
Will you sympathise or ridicule someone who is intensely forgetful? Write an essay justifying your point of view.
Answer:
Forgetfulness, if deemed a form of freedom, must be welcome. But what one forgets matters. Similar to the father who forgot the baby in the perambulator if one forgets main duties, he would become an anathema to even family members. I wouldn’t be hasty to ridicule a person who “suffers” from acute or intense forgetfulness. I would observe, in the first place, what are the items he forgets routinely. Are they trifles or serious things? If a married man forgets his wife and children and forgets his filial duties, then he deserves chastisement and not ridicule.

If forgetting leads to comic situations like wearing chappals in the wrong foot, or wearing the tie in a funny manner, sometimes a person of extraordinary intelligence may forget his residential address similar to Einstein. Scientists and great philosophers like Socrates and Rabindranath Tagore suddenly went into spells of deep contemplation totally forgetting where they were heading to. Once it so happened that socrates went into a trance on a road. His disciples and friends stood around him the whole day. Night came. Friends bought mats and pillows and slept around him hoping to listen to his words of wisdom as soon as the spell breaks and remembers what he saw in his world of imagination.

Towards dawn, the spell broke. Socrates saw the people sleeping around him. He just carefully walked back home. I have my heart-felt sympathies for my friends who study just before examination and forget what they learnt in the examination hall. I’ve my conviction that those who forget naturally need to be treated with a sympathetic understanding because they really don’t know that they forget. Those who suffer from selective amnesia, I mean politicians who give tall promises before elections but remember to forget them soon after winning the elections need to be ridiculed by funny cartoons and in public places because they have done a breach of trust.

“There is some pleasure even in words, when they bring forgetfulness of present miseries.”

Additional Questions

A Give answers to the following question in 100-150 word each.

Question (a)
Why is Robert Lynd amazed at the efficiency of humans to remember things?
Answer:
Robert Lynd is amazed by the efficiency of human memory. Modem man remembers telephone numbers, names of film stars, cricketers, football champions and even notorious murderers. He remarks with jest that man does not forget a single item of his clothing. No one forgets to shut the door when leaving the house. The institution of family survives in modem cities because ordinary people have efficient memory power. In the ordinary life, man remembers almost everything he is expected to remember like birthdays and Valentine’s day. He remembers appointments for dinner and lunch. He remembers what the weather was in a . long-part August. Not even one in thousand forgets, simple things like switching off lights before going upstairs or a single item of dressing. Almost everybody remembers to do the right things of the right moment till it is time to go to bed.

Question (b)
What according to Robert Lynd are the causes for forgetting?
Answer:
In some matters, the memory is less than perfect, causes could be psychological. We tend to forget things we don’t wish to remember. For example, many people forget to take medicines. Medicine needs to be taken before / after meals. Robert Lynd remarks that chemists make a lot of money because people tend to forget to take medicines. It aggravates the disease and people are forced to buy more and more medicines. It may be due to their antipathy to pills and poisons that many people fail to remember them at the appointed hours. The author is quizzed at the fact as to how a life-long devotee of medicines like himself is forgetful of them as those who take them up unwillingly. He admits that even if he has the pills in his pockets as soon as the time of consumption arrives, he forgets it.

Question (c)
Describe the circumstances leading to the vexation of the mother on the baby’s day out.
Answer:
Once a father took his baby out in a perambulator in the morning. He walked into a pub to have a glass of beer. The child was sitting in the perambulator outside in the street. After sometime his wife came that way for shopping. She was shocked to find her baby sleeping in the perambulator. She decided to teach him a lesson. She took the’baby home. She expected her husband to come and apologize for losing the child. But he just walked in and casually asked his wife cheerfully what was there for lunch. Very few people like Einstein or Socrates would be capable of such absent-mindedness.

Question (d)
What are the observations of Robert Lynd on the capacity of humans to remember and forget things?
Answer:
Robert Lynd is amazed by the efficiency of human memory. Modem man remembers telephone numbers, names of film stars, cricketers, football champions and even notorious murderers. He remarks wittily that man does not forget a single item of his clothing. No one forgets to shut the door when leaving the house. The institution of family survives in modem cities because ordinary people have extraordinary memory power. In some matters, the memory is less than perfect, causes could be psychological. We tend to forget things we don’t wish to remember. For example, many people forget to take medicines.

Medicine needs to be taken before / after meals. Robert Lynd remarks that chemists make a lot of money because people tend to forget to take medicines. It aggravates ithe disease and people are forced to buy more and more medicines. Most people forget to post letters. The author himself would not trust his letters to be posted by others. The author himself never remembered to post letters entrusted to him. He had to apologise for the unposted letters kept with him for long. Likewise, the author forgets his walking sticks often.

Question (e)
How does the author prove that absent-mindedness is a boon as well as a bane?
Answer:
Absent – mindedness of people shocked the author when the Railway department published the list of lost articles. It was startling to note that young people forget bats, balls etc. The author attributes it to the abundant imagination and dreams. They are citizens of dreamland. Anglers also forget their fishing rods. Absent – mindedness is often a blessing in disguise. People can forget their unhappiness and live in a world of Utopia. Great thinkers, poets and philosophers are absent – minded because their minds are full of lofty ideas and imagination. Socrates the philosopher and S.T. Coleridge the poet were absent – minded people. Similarly, Politicians have bad memories. States are yet to produce ideal statesmen. Great writers, composers of music have amazingly great memories.

Memory is half the substance of their art. Once a father took his baby out in a perambulator in the morning. He walked into a pub to have a glass of beer. The child was sitting in the perambulator outside in the street. After sometime, his wife came that way for shopping. She was shocked to find her baby sleeping in the perambulator. She decided to teach her husband a lesson. She took the baby home. She expected her husband to come and apologize for losing the child. But he just walked in and casually asked his wife cheerfully what was there for lunch. Very few people like Einstein or Socrates would be capable of such absent-mindedness. Men should forget unpleasant things and remember pleasant things. Thus Absent – mindedness is both a boon and a bane.

Vocabulary

A. Homonyms and Heteronyms.

Complete the sentences by choosing a suitable word from those given in the brackets.

1. Nobody can say (1) _______ there will be an improvement in the (2) _______ (whether / weather)
2. Your ring is (1) _______ Do not (2) _______ it.(loose / lose) .
3. We found a (1) _______ of biscuits in the old man’s shirt (2) _______ (pocket /packet)
4. When the pole vaulter cleared 28. (1) _______ it was declared a record (2) _______ (feet/feat)
5. Explain the (1) _______ ‘Cut your (2) _______ according to your cloth.’ (coat / quote)
6. The’stranger (1) _______ for a few minutes before he (2) _______ . my house.(paused /passed)
7. The (1) _______ dancer turned (2) _______ after the final performance, (weary /wiry)
8. The chain that I presented to my sister was not made of gold; it was just (1) _______ Iam suffering from a sense of (2) _______ (guilt / gilt)

Answers:

1. whether, weather
2. loose, lose
3. packet, pocket
4. feet, feat
5. quote, coat
6. paused, passed
7. wiry, weary
8. gilt, guilt

Form meaningful sentences using the given words to bring out at least two different meanings.

1. train – You must train yourself to catch the train in time.
2. tear – The tear in the uniform brought tears in the eyes of the student.
3. wind – It is time to wind up the programme because it is very windy and it might rain soon.
4. light – As the bag was very light, the boy was able carry it though there was no light in his street.
5. file – She filed all the documents carefully in a file.
6. bear – The bear couldn’t bear the mischief of the visitor; he took him into the cage and mauled him very badly.

B. Clipped Words
Now, write the clipped and unclipped form of the given words and complete the table.

Answer:

C. Refer to a dictionary and match the professions with their relevant job descriptions

Answer:

1. studies diseases
2. studies birds
3. studies insects
4. studies artefacts and physical remains
5. studies functioning of human society
6. studies the matter that constitutes the Earth
7. studies languages and their structure
8. studies earthquakes
9. studies reptiles and amphibians
10. studies atmosphere, weather and climate

D. Fill in the blanks choosing the words from the box. Refer to a dictionary if required. One has been done for you.

(thespian, sadist, polyglot, ambidextrous, philanthropist, misanthrope, bibliophile, nonagenarian, teetotaller, globetrotter, optimist)

(i) Peter always refuses alcohol, when it is offered to him at parties and takes a soft drink instead. He says he always has and always will abstain from alcohol and it is a matter of principle for him. We can call Peter a ________
(ii) Aruna always looks at the bright side of things. Even in the face of misfortune, she firmly believes that everything will workout for the best in the end. What can we call Aruna? ________
(iii) The rich industrialist donated a huge sum of money to set up a public library in his native village. He is a ________ and a social reformer.
(iv) The Chair person of our company keeps travelling all over the world to attend conferences and we call her a ________
(v) Antony has the amazing ability to use both his hands, equally well. He can write, draw and perform various other tasks with equal speed and efficiency with his left as well as his right hand. Antony is ________
(vi) Due to some disturbing incidents in her childhood, Neetu grew into a reclusive adult. She tends to keep aloof and avoids all kinds of social activities. Neetu is a ________
(vii) Tharini serves as an interpreter at meetings between statesmen from different countries. She is also a much sought-after tour guide, as she is well-versed and fluent in multiple languages. Tharini is a ________
(viii) My grandparents are in their nineties. I am glad that this ________ couple are active, cheerful and in good health.
(ix) Richard Burton was a gifted theatre artist. He donned several roles with ease and is especially famous for the Shakespearean parts he played on stage. Mr. Burton is a born ________
(x) The Chairman of this concern seems to derive pleasure from inflicting pain on others. He humiliates and hurts his subordinates for no reason. He is a real ________

Answers:

(i) tee totaller
(ii) optimist
(iii) philanthropist
(iv) globetrotter
(v) ambidextrous
(vi) misanthrope
(vii) polyglot
(viii) nonagenarian
(ix) thespian
(x) sadist

E. Find the antonyms of the following words in the puzzle and shade them with a pencil. The first one has been done for you.

1. seldom,
2. admitted,
3. methodical,
4. reality,
5. virtue,
6. vile,
7. indignant,
8. relish,
9. fact Spot the word

Answers:

1. often
2. denied
3. haphazard
4. fantasy
5. vice
6. good
7. delighted
8. hate
9. fiction

Listening Activity

A. First, read the incomplete sentences given below. Listen to two interesting anecdotes about two scientists that your teacher will read aloud or play on the recorder. Then, based on your understanding, complete the sentences suitably.

(For listening to the passage refer to our website www.fullcircleeducation.in) Thomas Alva Edison stepped from a train in Orange, New Jersey and walked down the platform. The station master knew how forgetful the famous inventor was. Therefore, he would always ask him a customary question. He asked Edison if he had left anything behind. Edison confidently replied that he had not left anything and everything was safe with him. Then, he began taking a count of his suitcases. As he was doing so, he happened to look up at the train. With a start, he dropped his bags and raced back to the car in which he had been travelling. What prompted that burst of activity was the face of his bride, with whom he had just married and returned from a honeymoon trip, staring from a window.

Albert Einstein was working at the Princeton University. One day when he was going back home he forgot his home address. The driver of the cab aid not recognize him. Einstein asked the driver if he knew Einstein’s home. The driver exclaimed that there could be no one who did not know Einstein’s address. He added that everyone in Princeton knew where Einstein lived and asked him if he wanted to meet Einstein. Einstein with a sheepish grin replied that he was Einstein and he had forgotten his residential address. He requested the cabbie if he could take him there. The astonished driver drove him home and dropped him safely. The cabbie considered driving Einstein a great honour and refused to charge him for the service.

1. Edison travelled to New Jersey by ______
2. The station master enquired if Edison ______
3. Edison raced back to the car, when he saw ______
4. Albert Einstein was working in ______
5. One day, when he was going back home, he ______
6. Einstein asked the cab driver if he knew ______
7. The driver was so good that he ______

Answers:

1. a train
2. had left anything behind
3. the face of his bride
4. Princeton university
5. forgot his residential address
6. Einstein’s residence
7. refused to charge him for his

Speaking Activity

Work with a partner and take turns to share your views and suggestions with the class.

Question (i)
You are travelling in a train. When the Train Ticket Examiner enters your compartment, much to your shock, you realize you have forgotten to bring your train ticket. How will you handle the situation?
Answer:
TTE : Please show me your ticket.
Ragu : Oh! sorry! I left my printed ticket on my table.
TTE : Well, this is a reserved compartment, Don’t you know?
Ragu : Sir, I have reserved my ticket. It is 28 UB, S7 in Pandiyan Express.
TTE : Well, what you say might be true. But I want the ticket.
Ragu : Sir, could you please give me five minutes.
TTE : Why? .
Ragu : I will ask my sister to scan the ticket and send it to my phone by WhatsApp.
TTE : Okay. But get it in five minutes.
Ragu : Thank you so much sir.

Question (ii)
You forget to wish your best friend on his/her birthday. He gets very angry. How will you try to pacify him/her? Construct a dialogue of about 4 to 5 exchanges and enact a role play.
Answer:
Ramesh : Ravi, aren’t you my best friend?
Ravi : Why do you doubt it?
Ramesh : You didn’t even wish me. Yesterday evening I was waiting for you till 9 pm. Ravi : I’m terribly sorry! I was at the Chepauk stadium watching CSK batting under trying conditions.
Ramesh : Oh! when it comes to cricket, you forget even your weekly tests.
Ravi : Friend, forgive me. Accept my belated wishes.
Ramesh : Okay. Let us forget it and talk about the match.

Question (iii)
‘Forgetfulness is the beginning of happiness’ Do you agree or disagree? Discuss in class.
Answer:
In “Ode to skylark,” Shelly beautifully portrays the human beings’ boundless capacity to worry about dead yesterday, unborn tomorrow and spoil the happiness of a perfectly beautiful present. He says, “We look before and after and pine for what is not. Our sincerest laughter with some pain is fraught”. Human mind has a soft comer for harbouring hurts and pain. It replays them like a broken record often and sustains hostility between individuals. It requires a mature mind to forgive and forget. The road to recovery of any invisible hurt starts the moment one forgives the person and casually forgets all unpleasant memories connected to it. Human mind, according to Robert Lynd, forgets what it chooses to forget. We are in a civilized society because everyone remembers to dress properly and remember the names of friends and relatives. If one develops the attitude to remember only pleasant things, the mind will train itself to forget insignificant bad memories. Thus forgetting is the beginning of real happiness.

Question (iv)
Is there a link between intelligence and absent-mindedness? Share your views on this subject.
Answer:
Of course yes, the person who is smart and extremely intelligent focusses his entire being on an issue or an invention. Thus all other things are abstracted. Great genius like Einstein and philosophers like Tagore tend to forget mundane affairs. Their minds are always preoccupied with lofty ideas and the ills of the society. So, it is believed that eccentricity like absent mindedness is common among very intelligent people. The best example is Einstiein. He sat in the railway coach leaving behind his newly married bride in the car. Only on seeing her furious face, he realized the fact that he forgot to take her along into the railway coach.

Reading Activity

Now, read the following biographical extract on Sujatha Rangarajan, a Science-fiction writer, and answer the questions that follow.

1. Sujatha is the allonym of the Tamil author S. Rangarajan and it is this name that is recognised at Once by the Tamil Sci-Fi reading community. You might have heard of Chitti and his extraordinary exhibition of different qualities in an incredible manner. The robot could excel a human being in any act beyond one’s imagination. Jeeno, a robotic dog which appeared in Sujatha’s science fiction novel “En Iniya Iyandhira” (My Dear Robot) formed the basis of Chitti’s character. Like Chitti, Jeeno was an all-rounder who could cook, clean and fight.

Very high tech computer technology terms are used in the story. Jeeno, a pet robot, plays an important role throughout the story. As the story proceeds, it behaves and starts to think on its own like-a human and instructs Nila, a human being, on how to carry on further.

2. In the preface of ‘En Iniya Iyandhira’,the writer states the reason for his attraction to the genre: “Science gives us the wonderful freedom to analyse thousands and thousands of alternative possibilities. While using it, and while playing with its new games, a writer needs to be cautious only about one thing. The story should draw some parallels or association from the emotions and desires of the present humankind. Only then it becomes interesting. Jeeno, the robot dog, was intelligent.

But the character became popular only because of the robot’s frequently displayed human tendencies. It is no wonder that his works echo these words about him and will reflect in the minds of the readers who enjoy reading his novels to have a lifetime experience.

3. It was Sujatha, who set the trend in sci-fi stories. He had tracked the origin from Mary Shelly’s Frankenstein to his short stories. He has written 50 sci-fi short stories published in various Tamil magazines.

His stories have inspired many readers to extend their reading to English sci-fi writers like Isaac Asimov. The themes were bold even if there was a dependence on very well – established characterisation of English fiction. Sujatha opened up a new world to us with his writings on holograms, computers and works like ‘En Iniya Iyanthira’, inspire many to study computer science.

4. He has been a great writer for more than four decades. He combined reasoning and science in his writings. Being a multifaceted hi-fi and sci-fi humanistic author, he expressed his views distinctively. He was the one who took Tamil novels to the next level. As an MIT alumnus and an engineer at BHEL, he was very good at technology. So, he narrated sci-fi stories, impressively. His readers always enjoyed reading all his detective and sci-fi novels which featured the most famous duo Ganesh and Vasanth.

5. Sujatha has played a crucial role as a playwright for various Tamil movies which have fascinated movie lovers. Hence, it is fathomable that the writer’s perspective of future India enthuses every reader and paves a new way to reading sci-fi stories in English.

A. Answer the following questions in a sentence or two.

Question (i)
How was Jeeno different from other robots?
Answer:
Other robots did tasks only as per the commands issued. But Jeeno frequently displayed human tendencies. It behaved and thought like a human being.

Question (ii)
What precaution should one take while writing Science fiction stories?
Answer
The writer should ensure that the story draws some parallel or association from emotions and desires of the present humankind. Only then the science-fiction would be interesting.

Question (iii)
What inspired Sujatha’s themes?
Answer:
Sujatha had bold trend in sci-fi stories. He had tracked the origin from Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein to his short stories. He opened up a new world to the readers with his writings on holograms, computers, robots who feel and behave like humans, (e.g) “En Iniya Iyanthira”. In short, Sujatha’s themes were inspired by reasoning, science, technology, computers and humanoids.

Question (iv)
Why were Sujatha’s sci-fi stories impressive?
Answer:
Sujatha’s sci-fi stories have really inspired Tamil readers to move on to read Isaac Asimov. He combined reasoning with science in his writings. Being a multi-faceted hi-fi and sci-fi humanistic author, he expressed his views distinctly. Being an alumni of MIT, he was good at technology. Thus his sci-fi stories were always impressive with interesting characters like Chitti, the robot; Jeeno the robot-dog and detective duo Ganesh and Vasanth.

B. Find words from the passage which mean the same as the following.

1. difficult to believe (para 1) incredible
2. a style or category of art, music or literature (para 2) genre
3. having many sides (para 4) multifaceted
4. capable of being understood (para 5) fathomable

Grammar

A. Identify the changes in these pairs of active and passive constructions.

Question 1.
The pilot flew the airplane to Bengaluru.
Answer:
The airplane was flown to Bengaluru by the pilot. In the second sentence, the object has been shifted to the place of subject. It remains passive and allows the work to be done by the noun.

Question 2.
The bananas were eaten by the monkey.
Answer:
The monkey ate the bananas. Here the subject is shifted to the place of object.

B. Change the voice of the following sentences.

Question 1.
Mohammed follows the rules.
Answer:
The rules are followed by Mohammed.

Question 2.
Mohan has completed the course.
Answer:
The course has been completed by Mohan.

Question 3.
Magdalene is singing the prayer.
Answer:
The prayer is being sung by Magdelene.

Question 4.
Who wrote this complaint?
Answer:
By whom was this complaint written?

Question 5.
May God bless you with happiness!
Answer:
May you be blessed with happiness by God.

Question 6.
A house is being constructed by them.
Answer:
They are constructing a house.

Question 7.
Let the door not be slammed.
Answer:
Don’t slam the door.

Question 8.
The team was trained by the coach.
Answer:
The coach trained the team.

C. Make sentences using the passive forms of the verbs.

Question 1.
Tagore/award/Nobel prize/
Tagore was awarded Nobel prize.

Question 2.
IIM Ahmedabad / establish /1961
Answer:
IIM Ahmedabad was established in 1961.

Question 3.
Chhattisgarh/ form / 2000
Answer:
Chhattisgarh was formed in 2000.

Question 4.
First passenger train /inaugurated /India /1853
Answer:
The first passenger train was inaugurated in 1853.

Question 5.
Indian Airlines /set up /1953 ! Indian Airlines was set up in 1953.

D. Look at the newspaper items given below. Use the information in the headlines to complete the sentence.

Question 1.
HEAVY RAINS LASH CHENNAI
______ threw normal life out of gear.
Answer:
Heavy rains threw normal life out of gear.

Question 2.
NEET CLASSES TO BEGIN ON SEPT. 20th
The Centre co-ordinator informed the candidates ______ Sept. 20th
Answer:
The centre coordinator informed the candidates about the commencement of NEET classes on September 20th.

Question 3.
12 INJURED AS BUSES COLLIDE
About at the Dindigul bus terminus here today.
Answer:
About 12 passengers were injured as buses collided at Dindigul.

E. Expand the following news headlines in a sentence.

Question 1.
MUNICIPAL ELECTIONS IN DECEMBER
Answer:
Municipal Elections will be held in December.

Question 2.
TELEPHONE CUSTOMERS TO GET VIDEO PHONE BSNL
Answer:
proposes to give video phone to its customers at a low cost.

Question 3.
CARD LICENSE TO REPLACE PAPER DRIVING LICENSE
Answer:
Transport Minister announced that paper licenses will be replaced with card licenses.

Question 4.
ATM WITHOUT SECURITY GUARD TO CLOSE RBI
Answer:
announced that all ATMS which have no security guard will be closed.

F. Describing a process

1. Complete the passage by filling the blanks with the passive forms of the verbs.

The water should be boiled in a vessel. Then tea leaves and milk (1) _____ to the water. The vessel (2) _____ with a lid. The tea (3) _____ and (4) _____ into the tups. Sugar (5) _____ . and (6) _____ The tea (7) _____ hot.
Answers:

1. should be added
2. must be covered
3. should be filtered
4. poured
5. should be added
6. stirred
7. should be served

2. Here is a recipe to make chocolate cake in a pressure cooker. Rewrite the instructions in passive voice. The first one has been done for you.

Question (i)
First sift the flour, cocoa powder and baking powder in a mixing bowl.
Answer:
The flour, cocoa powder and baking powder are first sifted in a mixing bowl.

Question (ii)
Add butter, sugar, salt, water and vanilla and beat the ingredients using a whisk.
Answer:
Butter, sugar, salt, water and vannila should be added and the ingredients must be beaten using a whisk. .

Question (iii)
Add the eggs and beat the batter until it is smooth.
Answer:
The eggs must be added and the batter must be beaten until it is smooth.

Question (iv)
Transfer the batter into the baking tin.
Answer:
The batter must be transferred into the baking tin.

Question (v)
Heat the pressure cooker, covered with the lid but without the pressure, for 3-4 minutes on high heat. Then place the cake tin in the empty cooker (Do not add water in the cooker).
Answer:
The pressure cooker must be heated. It should be covered with the lid but without the pressure. It must be left for 3-4 minutes on high heat. The cake tin must be kept in the empty cooker. (Let not water be added in the cooker)

Question (vi)
Close the lid (without the pressure), lower the flame and let it cook for about 30 minutes.
Answer:
Let the lid be closed without the pressure. The flame must be lowered and it must be let to cook for about thirty minutes.

3. Write the process of wrapping a Christmas gift in a paragraph in passive form, with the help of the pictures given below.

Answers:

1. The gift must be placed in a rectangular box.
2. The required paper must be measured. The gift paper must be placed on the box. It must be wrapped loose end up and over and a cut must be made.
3. The gift paper must be placed face down and centred on the box. The first edge must be brought up and taped in place on to box. Then it must be brought other side up and taped in place.
4. The sides should be folded in against the edges of the box. The diagonal flaps you have created must be creased.
5. The top edge should be folded down. Then bottom edge should be folded up and taped.
6. A gift tag must be added with a bow and ribbon to really class up your Christmas gift and impress recipients of your gift.

Subject and Verb Agreement (Concord)
A. Underline the correct verb in these sentences.

1. The girl and her sisters _______ (watch,watches) television everyday.
2. Ravi _______ (doesn’t, don’t) like sports.
3. My classmates _______ (study, studies) before a test.
4. One of the cookies _______ (is, are) missing.
5. A lady with ten cats _______ (live, lives) in that big house.
6. Measles _______ (is, are) very serious.
7. The committee _______ (decide, decides) when to adjourn.
8. Our team _______ (is, are) the best.
9. Everybody _______ (enjoy, enjoys) a good song.
10. Either of these _______ (is, are) suitable.

Answers:

1. watch
2. doesn’t
3. study
4. is
5. lives
6. is
7. decides
8. is
9. enjoys
10. is

B. Correct the following passage.

Where does the deer and the antelope play? One place is Yellowstone National Park. It were created in 1872. Parts of the park is in Wyoming, Montana and Idaho. The park are a safe place for many animals. Bears, moose, buffalo, deer and antelope lives there. Beavers, otters, fish and eagles also enjoys the park. For them, Yellowstone be ‘home sweet home.’
Answer
Where do the deer and the antelope play? One place is Yellowstone National Park. It was created in 1872. Parts of the park are in Wyoming, Montana and Idaho. The park is a safe place for many animals. Bears, moose, buffalo, deer and antelope live there. Beavers, otters, fish and eagles also enjoy the park. For them, Yellowstone is ‘Home, sweet home.’

Writing

Biographical sketch:

A biographical sketch is a brief summary of a person’s life and his achievements. It should include a description of the person’s physical appearance, education, work, achievements and other salient personal traits. The main focus of a biographical sketch is to portray the person in an admirable way.

(a) Given below are hints about a renowned British science fiction writer Arthur C. Clarke. Write a biographical sketch on the author in not more than 80-100 words based on the information given below.

Arthur C. Clark was bom on 16th December, 1917 in England. He was a novelist, television host, inventor and film screen writer all bundled into one. He gained popularity in science fiction, sensational T.V serials and screen play writing. In recognition of his exceptional skills, he was awarded Kalinga prize for popularising science. This award was given to him by UNESCO in 1961..He was made the chairman of Interplanetary Society and also conferred Hugo and Nebula awards, He was given the highest civilian (award) honour of Sri Lanka ‘Sir Lankabhimanya in 2005’. Clarke is often regarded as one of the triumvirs of sci-fi writers, (i.e) Robert Heinlein, Asimov and himself. He is hailed as “The Prophet of Space Age”. He is widely remembered world over for his famous work “Childhood End”, “2001: A space Odysey”: and “Rendezvous with Rana”.

Report Writing:

Question (a)
You have recently attended a seminar on ‘Science and Literature’ in which writers presented papers on Science Fiction and literature and focused on the creativity of young writers. Write a short report about it for a leading newspaper in about 100-120 words.
Answer:
The seminar on “Science and Literature” was held at American college, Madurai. It was organized in memory of Prof. Vasanth. Students from various colleges, Government Higher Secondary Schools and Matriculation schools were present. Dr. Paul Luv inaugurated the seminar. Students from Manjakkuppam Higher Secondary School talked about novels of Jules Verne-(i.e) Journey to the center of the earth, Twenty thousand leagues under the sea, From earth to the moon, Around the world in eighty days, Five weeks in a balloon, Off on a comet, An Antartic mystery has prophesied man’s potential ability to carryout space travel, explore

Antartica, do deep water Research, mission to moon and other celestial bodies. It is mind boggling to realize that he wrote about these latest developments before 1905. Students were ‘ much impressed by the prolific sci-fi writings of the French novelist more than a century ago.

Prof. Sangeetha spoke on Aldous Huxley’s brave new world which predicted Human genome project and how science can help produce babies with special attributes, size, colour and ’ character traits. All of us, know the cloning of ‘Dolly’. Student from Government Hr. Sec. School D. Kala spoke about Alvin Toffler and how he had predicted revolution due to technological break through in his most famous books. “Future shock”, “The third wave” r and “power shift”. He discusses modem technologies including the digital revolution, and the communication revolution.Malathy talked about Sujatha, Tamil Sci-fi writer who influenced large number of children and adults to fall in love with computers and robotics. His imaginary characters Chitti and Jeeno I have endeared him to the masses.

Asimov has written large number of Sci-fi stories in collaboration with Robert A. Heinlein and Arthur C. Clarke. Asimov’s most famous work is the “Foundation series” and Galactic empire”. Asimov has written Lucky start series of Juvenile science-fiction using the pen name Paul French.The seminar ended with the note that many sci-fi writers have greatly contributed to the giant strides science and Technology has made in recent times. Students must read and write sci-fi fiction to influence the development of love for science.

Question (b)
You are the School Pupil Leader. Your school organised an Inter-School Sports event at Nehru Stadium. Write a report on the special events conducted in 100-120 words for the school souvenir.
Answer:
Hon Balakrishna Reddy, the minister for sports inaugurated the sports meet in the presence of state project officer RMSA Dr. V.C. Rameswara Murugan. Mr. Peter the physical director from Salem coordinated all the events. In the track and field events, Meena and Tamilselvi from Ashok Nagar Girl’s School bagged gold and silver medals. In the men’s event, Kandan

Subbu from Government Boys High School, Nungambakkam bagged Gold and Silver medals. Third position was bagged by Presidency School girl Suba. In boy’s event, Ambedkar School Sukumar bagged a silver medal.

Maheswari of Girl’s School, Guduvancherry won the gold in weightlifting. It was heartening to note many Government School students playing tough against even private schools which give special coaching in sports and games. Chandran, the Chief Inspector of Physical Education gave away the prizes to all the winners of various sports and games events.

Forgetting About the Author

Robert Lynd is an Anglo-Irish writer, essayist and a poet. He is respected as one of the greatest essayists of the 20th century. He wrote many articles for leading journals and newspapers like Daily News, the New Statesman and Nation. He wrote under the pseudonym name “Y.Y His essays dealt with interesting and simple topics. His essays arc humourous delightful, ironical and satirical. I le was awarded with an honorary literary Doctorate by Queen’s university. He was confessed silver medal by the Royal Society of Literature.

Forgetting Summary

Robert Lynd is a humorous and delightful essayist. His essays are simple, playful and satirical. His style of writing is elegant and charming. In his essay “Forgetting”, he writes about the root causes of forgetting and also explains what items are usually forgotten by people.

Robert Lynd is amazed by the efficiency of human memory. Modem man remembers telephone numbers, names of film stars, cricketers, football champions and even notorious murderers. He remarks wittily that man does not forget a single item of his clothing; No one forgets to shut the door when leaving the house. The institution of family survives in modem cities because ordinary people have extraordinary memory power. In some matters the memory is less than perfect, causes could be psychological. We tend to forget things we don’t wish to remember.

For example, many people forget to take medicines. Medicine needs to be taken before / after meals. Robert Lynd remarks that chemists make a lot of money because people tend to forget to take medicines. It aggravates the disease and people are forced to buy more and more medicines. Most people forget to post letters. The author himself would not trust his letters to be posted by others. The author himself never remembered to post letters entrusted to him. He had to apologise for the unposted letters kept with him for long. Likewise, the author forgets his walking sticks often.

Absent – mindedness of people shocked the author when the Railway department published the list of lost articles. It was startling to note that young people forget bats, balls etc. The author attributes it to the abundant imagination and dreams. They are citizens of dreamland. Anglers also forget their fishing rods. Absent – mindedness is often a blessing in disguise. People can forget their unhappiness and live in a world of Utopia. Great thinkers, poets and philosophers are absent – minded because their minds are full of lofty ideas and imagination.

Socrates the philosopher and S.T. Coleridge the poet were absent – minded people. Similarly, Politicians have bad memories. States are yet to produce ideal Statesmen. Great writers, composers of music have amazingly great memories . Memory is half the substance of their art. Once a father took his baby out in a perambulator in the morning. He walked into a pub to have a glass of beer. The child was sitting in the perambulator outside in the street. After sometime, his wife came that way for shopping. She was shocked to find her baby sleeping in the perambulator.

She decided to teach her husband a lesson. She took the baby home. She expected her husband to come and apologize for losing the child. but he just walked in and casually asked his wife cheerfully what was there for the lunch. Very few people like Einstein or Socrates would be capable of such absent-mindedness. Men should forget unpleasant things and remember pleasant things.

Textual:

abstracted – lacking concentration on what is
happening around
antipathy – strong dislike
audacious – bold and daring
delinquent – a young person who is regularly
involved in wrongdoing
eccentric – tending to act strangely
exploits – daring or heroic acts or actions, feats
fallible – capable of making mistakes
fortunes – huge sums of money
indignant – being very angry.
mediocre – not very good, ordinary
prosaic – dull
quivering – trembling, shivering
reluctant -unwilling
sieve – strainer or filter
vexation – irritation, annoyance
vintage – wine of high quality produced in a particular year

Additional:

Antipathy – dislike
Magnificent – spectacular
Prosaic – dull

Forgetting Synonyms

Choose the most appropriate synonym for the underlined word. (Exam model)

Question 1.
The ordinary man seldom forgets things. .
(a) frequently
(b) rarely
(c) never
(d) often
Answer:
(b) rarely

Question 2.
A very methodical man remembers to take medicine.
(a) chaotic
(d) organized
(c) disarrayed
(d) inefficient
Answer:
(d) organized

Question 3.
I am always reluctant to trust a visitor to post my letters.
(a) willing
(b) unwilling
(c) like
(d) hatred
Answer:
(b) unwilling

Question 4.
It is because of their antinathv to pills.
(a) love
(b) affinity
(c) like
(d) aversion
Answer:
(d) aversion

Question 5.
Chemists makes their fortunes out of medicines people forget to take.
(a) riches/wealth
(b) poverty
(c) paucity
(d) luck
Answer:
(a) riches/wealth

Question 6.
A long chain of circumstances leads to a number of embarrassing questions.
(a) comfortable
(b) interesting.
(c) anxious
(d) awkward
Answer:
(d) awkward

Question 7.
I am no delinquent in such matters.
(a) activist
(b) wrongdoer
(c) volunteer
(d) strategist
Answer:
(b) wrongdoer

Question 8.
I dare not carry an umbrella because I forget it often.
(a) believe
(b) refuse
(c) accept
(d) fear
Answer:
(d) fear

Question 9.
He did not even have the grimmest jawed umbrella.
(a) pleasant
(b) charming
(c) beautiful
(d) unpleasnt
Answer:
(d) unpleasnt

Question 10.
An absent – minded angler is good at inventing magnificent lies.
(a) dull
(b) drab
(c) cluster
(d) spectacular
Answer:
(d) spectacular

Question 11.
One has no time to remember the mediocre.
(a) great
(b) exceptional
(c) ordinary
(d) excellent
Answer:
(c) ordinary

Question 12.
He has a memory like sieve.
(a) glass
(b) filter
(c) fitter
(d) sleeve
Answer:
(d) sleeve

Question 13.
He is an audacious perverter of the truth.
(a) daring / bold
(b) timid
(c) frightened
(d) alarmed
Answer:
(a) daring / bold

Question 14.
We regard a person who does not possess a good memory as eccentric.
(a) usual
(b) conventional
(c) controversial
(d) strange / queer
Answer:
(d) strange / queer

Question 15.
Being indignant at her husband’s behaviour, she decided to teach him a lesson.
(a) cool
(b) calm
(c) anxious
(d) angry
Answer:
(d) angry

Question 16.
She anticipated her husband’s white face with quivering lips confessing the theft of the child.
(a) solid
(b) daring
(c) trembling
(d) cold.
Answer:
(c) trembling

Question 17.
Her husband’s cheerful entry and enquiry about lunch and forgetting the baby was her vexation.
(a) joy
(b) bliss
(c) ecstasy
(d) annoyance / irritation
Answer:
(d) annoyance / irritation

Question 18.
Most of us are bom with prosaically efficient memories.
(a) elated
(b) cheerfully
(c) normally
(d) dull
Answer:
(d) dull

Question 19.
They are abstracted from the world outside them.
(a) actual
(b) distracted
(c) stupid
(d) concrete
Answer:
(b) distracted

Question 20.
Men with fallible memories try to make out a case for their superiority.
(a) infallible
(b) valuable
(c) error-prone
(d) mailcious
Answer:
(c) error-prone

Forgetting Antonyms

Choose the most appropriate antonym for the underlined word. (Exam model)

Question 1.
Many people who read the list of lost articles in the trains would be astonished.
(a) unexpected
(b) unpredictable
(c) surprised
(d) expected
Answer:
(d) expected

Question 2.
Modem man remembers even telephone numbers.
(a) recalls
(b) retrieves
(c) recollects
(d) forgets
Answer:
(d) forgets

Question 3.
The ordinary man seldom forgets to turn off lights.
(a) rarely
(b) almost never
(c) scarcely
(d) frequently
Answer:
(d) frequently

Question 4.
Moral giants remember to take medicines regularly.
(a) periodically
(b) intermittently
(c) irregularly
(d) continuously
Answer:
(c) irregularly

Question 5.
The fact remains.
(a) truth
(b) verity
(c) veracity’
(d) lie / fiction
Answer:
(d) lie / fiction

Question 6.
Some forget pills due to their antipathy.
(a) strong dislike
(b) aversion
(c) hostility
(d) affinity
Answer:
(d) affinity

Question 7.
Chemists make their fortunes out of the medicines forgotten to take.
(a) luck
(b) wealth
(c) bounty
(d) misfortunes
Answer:
(d) misfortunes

Question 8.
I am always reluctant to trust a visitor to post my letters.
(a) unwilling
(b) indisposed
(c) ill-disposed
(d) willing
Answer:
(d) willing

Question 9.
I put it for safety into one of my pockets.
(a) protection
(b) danger
(c) defence
(d) asylum
Answer:
(b) danger

Question 10.
I get weary of holding it in my hands.
(a) exhausted
(b) tired
(c) depleted
(d) energetic / fresh
Answer:
(d) energetic / fresh

Question 11.
A methodical man always remembers everything.
(a) organized
(b) disciplined
(c) chaotic / unorganized
(d) regular
Answer:
(c) chaotic / unorganized

Question 12.
A long chain of circumstances leads to a number of embarrassing questions’.
(a) awkward
(b) uneasy
(c) comforting
(d) discomforting
Answer:
(c) comforting

Question 13.
I am no great delinquent in such matters.
(a) irresponsible
(b) careless
(c) responsible
(d) negligent
Answer:
(c) responsible

Question 14.
I dare not carry an umbrella.
(a) defy
(b) fear
(c) avoid / dodge
(d) encounter
Answer:
(c) avoid / dodge

Question 15.
Memories prevent them from doing prosaic things.
(a) dull
(b) drab
(c) interesting
(d) boring
Answer:
(c) interesting

Question 16.
The angler who invents magnificent lies after a day’s fishing is bound to be absent-minded.
(a) spectacular
(b) fabulous
(c) weak / feeble
(d) strong
Answer:
(c) weak / feeble

Question 17.
Absent’ – minded great people have no time to remember the mediocre.
(a) average
(b) drab
(c) common
(d) exceptional / excellent
Answer:
(d) exceptional / excellent

Question 18.
People with fallible memories occasionally assert their superiority.
(a) likely to do mistakes
(b) infallible
(c) insatiable
(d) inscrutable
Answer:
(b) infallible

Question 19.
Memory is half the substance of their art.
(a) remembrance
(b) forgetfulness
(c) recollection
(d) retrieval
Answer:
(b) forgetfulness

Question 20.
He is an audacious perverter of truth.
(a) bold
(b) daring
(c) diligent
(d) timid
Answer:
(d) timid

Question 21.
A man who does not possess a good memory is often regarded eccentric.
(a) strange
(b) queer
(c) unconventional
(d) ordinary / conventional
Answer:
(d) ordinary / conventional

Question 22.
What was her vexation?
(a) worry
(b) annoyance
(c) regret
(d) pleasure
Answer:
(d) pleasure

Question 23.
Great Statesmen have the genius of memoiy and intellect combined.
(a) mental ability
(b) dunce
(c) sharp witted
(d) brilliance
Answer:
(b) dunce

Question 24.
She was indignant at her husband’s behaviour.
(a) furious
(b) ruffled
(c) angry
(d) contented / composed
Answer:
(d) contented / composed

Question 25.
She arrived home anticipating with angry relish the white face and quivering lips.
(a) enjoyment
(b) like
(c) dislike
(d) pleasure
Answer:
(c) dislike

The main aim is to share the knowledge and help the students of 11th English to secure the best score in their final exams. Use the concepts of Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Book Solutions Prose Chapter 3 Forgetting Questions and Answers in Real time to enhance your skills. If you have any doubts you can post your comments in the comment section, We will clarify your doubts as soon as possible without any delay.

You can Download Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Book Solutions Guide Pdf, Tamilnadu State Board help you to revise the complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Solutions Chapter 13 Chemical Bonding

Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Chemical Bonding Textbook Exercises

I. Choose the correct answer.

Chemical Bonding Class 9 Samacheer Kalvi Question 1.
Number of valence electrons in carbon is …………….
(a) 2
(b) 4
(c) 3
(d) 5
Answer:
(b) 4

9th Science Chemical Bonding Question 2.
Sodium having atomic number 11, ready to ………….. electron/ electrons to attain the
nearest Noble gas electronic configuration.
(a) gain one
(b) gain two
(c) lose one
(d) lose two
Answer:
(c) lose one

Chemical Bonding 9th Class Question 3.
The element that would form anion by gaining electrons in a chemical reaction is …………………
(a) Potassium
(b) Calcium
(c) Fluorine
(d) Iron
Answer:
(c) Fluorine

Chemical Bonding Class 9 Question 4.
Bond formed between a metal and non metal atom is usually ……………..
(a) ionic bond
(b) covalent bond
(c) coordinate bond
Answer:
(a) ionic bond

Chapter 13 Chemical Bonding Question 5.
…………….. compounds have high melting and boiling points
(a) Covalent
(b) Coordinate
(c) Ionic
Answer:
(c) Ionic

Chemical Bonding Questions And Answers Class 9 Question 6.
Covalent bond is formed by …………………
Answer:
(a) transfer of electrons
(b) sharing of electrons
(c) sharing a pair of electrons
Answer:
(b) sharing of electrons

Chemical Bonding Class 9 Pdf Question 7.
Oxidising agents are also called as …………….. because they remove electrons from other
substances.
(a) electron donors
(b) electron acceptors
Answer:
(b) electron acceptors

Chemical Bonding Questions And Answers Pdf Class 9 Question 8.
Elements with stable electronic configurations have eight electrons in their valence shell.
They are ………………..
(a) halogens
(b) metals
(c) noble gases
(d) non metals
Answer:
(c) noble gases

II. Answer in brief.

Chemical Bonding Answer Key Question 1.
How do atoms attain Noble gas electronic configuration?
Answer:
Atoms of all elements, other than inert gases, combine to form molecules because they have incomplete valence shell and tend to attain a stable electronic configuration similar to noble gases. Atoms can combine either by transfer of valence electrons from one atom to another or by sharing of valence electrons in order to achieve the stable outer shell of eight electrons.

Chemical Bonding Notes Class 9 Question 2.
NaCl is insoluble in carbon tetrachloride but soluble in water. Give reason.
Answer:
NaCl is an ionic compound that is soluble in polar solvents like water and insoluble in non-polar solvents like benzene (C₆H₆), carbon tetra chloride (CCl₄). Whereas, CCl₄ is an organic compound, hence it is insoluble m water

Class 8 Science Chapter 13 Chemical Change And Chemical Bond Question Answer Question 3.
Explain Octet rule with an example.
Answer:
The tendency of atoms to have eight electrons in the valence shell is known as the ‘Octet rule’ or the ‘Rule of eight’.
Example: Sodium with atomic number 11 will readily loose one electron to attain Neon’s stable electronic configuration.

Chemical Bond Class 9 Question 4.
Write a note on different types of bonds.
Answer:
All the elements differ with each other in their valence shell electronic configuration. So the way in which they combine to form compounds also differs. Hence, there are different types of chemical bonding possible between atoms which make the molecules. Depending on the type of bond they show different characteristics or properties. Such types of bonding that are considered to exist in molecules are categorized as the Ionic bond, Covalent bond and Coordinate bond.

Class 9 Science Chapter 13 Question Answer Question 5.
Correct the wrong statements.

1. Ionic compounds dissolve in non-polar solvents
2. Covalent compounds conduct electricity in molten or solution state

Answer:

1. Ionic compounds are soluble in polar solvents like water. They are insoluble in non-polar solvents like benzene (C₆H₆), carbon tetra chloride (CCl₄).
2. Ionic compounds conduct electricity in molten or solution state.Covalent compounds are non-conductors of electricity.

Class 9 Chemical Bonding Question 6.
Complete the table given below.

Answer:

Question 7.
Draw the electron distribution diagram for the formation of Carbon dioxide (CO₂) molecule
Answer:

Question 8.
Fill in the following table according to the type of bonds formed in the given molecule CaCl₂, H₂O, CaO, CO, KBr, HCl, CCl₄, HF, C0₂, Al₂Cl₆
Answer:

Question 9.
Choose the correct answer from the choices given below.
The property which is characteristics of an Ionic compound is that

1. it often exists as gas at room temperature
2. it is hard and brittle
3. it undergoes molecular reactions
4. it has low melting point
5. it is hard and brittle

Answer:
2. it is hard and brittle

Question 10.
Identify the following reactions as oxidation or reduction

1. Na ➝ Na+ + e^–
2. Fe³⁺ + 2 e^– ➝ Fe⁺

Answer:
1. It is an Oxidation reaction.
Oxidation: A chemical reaction which involves addition of oxygen or removal of hydrogen or loss of electrons is called oxidation.

2. It is a Reduction reaction.
Reduction: A chemical reaction which involves addition of hydrogen or removal of oxygen or gain of electrons is called reduction.

Question 11.
Identify the compounds as Ionic/Covalent/Coordinate based on the given characteristics.

1. Soluble in non-polar solvents
2. undergoes faster/instantaneous reactions
3. Non-conductors of electricity
4. Solids at room temperature

Answer:

1. Covalent compounds
2. Ionic compounds
3. Covalent compounds
4. Ionic compounds

Question 12.
An atom X with atomic number 20 combines with atom Y with atomic number 8. Draw the dot structure for the formation of the molecule XY.
Answer:
Atom X is Calcium with atomic number 20 and atom Y is Oxygen with atomic number 8.

Question 13.
Considering MgCl₂ as ionic compound and CH₄ as covalent compound give any two differences between these two compounds.
Answer:

Question 14.
Why are Noble gases inert in nature?
Answer:
Noble gases are inert in nature due to the completely filled subshells and thus have stable electronic structures which is very difficult to change. The elements Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon and Radon of group 18 in the periodic table are Noble gases.

III. Answer in detail.

Question 1.
List down the differences between Ionic and Covalent compounds.
Answer:

Question 2.
Give an example for each of the following statements.
a. a compound in which two Covalent bonds are formed
b. a compound in which one ionic bond is formed
c. a compound in which two Covalent and one Coordinate bonds are formed
d. a compound in which three covalent bonds are formed
e. a compound in which Coordinate bond is formed
Answer:
a. Formation of oxygen molecule (O₂)
Each oxygen atom has six valence electrons (2, 6). These two atoms achieve a stable electronic configuration (octet) by sharing two pair of electrons. Hence a double bond is formed in between the two atoms.

b. Formation of Magnesium Chloride (MgCl₂)
Magnesium Chloride (MgCl₂) is an ionic compound formed when the magnesium ion loses two electrons to gain the noble state which is accepted by chloride ion.

c. Formation of coordinate covalent bond between NH₃ ➝ BF₃ molecules
Answer:
NH₃ ➝ BF₃ is a compound formed by coordinate covalent bonding. Here one pair of electrons from ammonia molecule is shared with electron deficit boron trifluoride. This type of bonding is also known as Dative bond.

d. Formation of nitrogen molecule (N₂)
Nitrogen molecule (N₂) is formed by three covalent bonds where three pairs of electrons are shared between the two to achieve a stable configuration.

e. Formation of coordinate covalent bond in ammonium ion (NH₄₊)
In ammonia molecule the central nitrogen atom has five valence electrons (2,5) among which three electrons are shared with three hydrogen atoms and still it has an unshared lone pair of electrons. This lone pair electrons are donated to a Hydrogen ion and thus a N ➝ H coordinate covalent bond is formed in ammonium ion molecule (NH₄₊).

Question 3.
Identify the incorrect statement and correct them.

1. Like covalent compounds, Coordinate compounds also contain charged particles (ions), so they are good conductors of electricity
2. Ionic bond is a weak bond when compared to Hydrogen bond.
3. Ionic or electrovalent bonds are formed by mutual sharing of electrons between atoms.
4. Loss of electrons is called Oxidation and Gain of electron is called Reduction.
5. The electrons which are not involved in bonding are called valence electrons.

Answer:

1. Like covalent compounds, coordinate compounds also do not contain charged particles (ions), so they are bad conductors of electricity
2. An ionic bond is formed by the electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions. Hence it is stronger than Hydrogen bonding which is formed by electronegativity.
3. The ionic bond is formed between two atoms when one or more electrons are transferred from the valence shell of one atom to the valence shell of the other atom. The atom that loses electrons will form a cation (positive ion) and the atom that gains electrons will form an anion (negative ion).
4. Loss of electrons is called Oxidation and Gain of electron is called Reduction.
5. The electrons which are involved in bonding are called valence electrons.

Question 4.
Discuss in brief about the properties of Coordinate covalent compounds.
Answer:
The compounds containing coordinate covalent bonds are called coordinate covalent compounds.

1. Physical state – These compounds exist as gases, liquids or solids.
2. Electrical conductivity – Like covalent compounds, coordinate compounds also do not contain charged particles (ions), so they are bad conductors of electricity.
3. Melting point – These compounds have melting and boiling points higher than those of purely covalent compounds but lower than those of purely Ionic compounds.
4. Solubility – Insoluble in polar solvents like water but are soluble in non-polar solvents like benzene, CCl₄, and toluene.
5. Reactions – Coordinate covalent compounds undergo molecular reactions which are
   slow.

Question 5.
Find the oxidation number of the elements in the following compounds,

1. C in CO₂
2. Mn in MnSO₄
3. N in HNO₃

Answer:

1. Oxidation number of C in CO₂ is +4
2. Oxidation number of Mn in MnSO₄ is +2
3. Oxidation number of N in HNO₃ is +5

Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Chemical Bonding In Text Problems

Question 1.
Find the oxidation number of Mn in KMnO₄
Solution:
+ 7.
Since manganese atom is attached to four oxygen atoms through three double bonds and one single bond.

Question 2.
Find the oxidation number of Cr in Na₂Cr₂O₇.
Solution:
+ 6.

Question 3.
Find the oxidation number of Cu in CuS04.
Solution:
+ 2

Question 4.
Find the oxidation number of Fe in FeO.
Solution:
+ 2

Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Chemical Bonding Additional Questions

I. Short answers questions.

Question 1.
What is an ionic or electrovalent bond?
Answer:
The oppositely charged ions are held together by electrostatic force of attraction which is called Ionic or Electrovalent bond.

Question 2.
What is electrovalency?
Answer:
The number of electrons that an atom of an element loses or gains to form an electrovalent bond is called electrovalency.

Question 3.
Write a short note on oxidizing and reducing agents.

1. Substances that have the ability to oxidize other substances are called oxidizing agents. These are also known as electron acceptors as they remove electrons from other substances. Example H202, Mn04, Cr03, Cr20?
2. The substances that have the ability to reduce other substances are called reducing agents. These are also called as electron donors as they donate electrons to other substances. Example – NaBEl₄, LiAlH₂ and metals like palladium and platinum

Question 4.
What is a redox reaction?
Answer:
Generally, the oxidation and reduction occurs in the same reaction (simultaneously). If one reactant gets oxidised, the other gets reduced. Such reactions are called oxidation-reduction ‘ reactions or Redox reactions.
Ex: 2 PbO + C ➝ 2Pb + C0₂

II. Long answers questions.

Question 1.
Mention some oxidation reactions that occur in daily life.
Answer:
In nature the oxygen present in atmospheric air oxidises many things, starting from metals to living tissues.

• The shining surface of metals tarnishes due to the formation of respective metal oxides on their surfaces. This is called corrosion.
• The freshly cut surfaces of vegetables and fruits turns brown after some time because of the oxidation of organic compounds present in them.
• The oxidation reaction in food materials that were left open for a long period is responsible for spoiling of food. This is called Rancidity.

Question 2.
What is Fajan’s rule? Discuss.
Answer:
As we know, a metal combine with a nonmetal through ionic bond. The compounds so formed are called ionic compounds. A compound is said to be ionic when the charge of the cation and anion are completely separated. But in 1923, Kazimierz Fajans found, through his X-Ray Crystallographic studies, that some of the ionic compounds show covalent character. Based on this, he formulated a set rules to predict whether a chemical bond is ionic or covalent. Fajan’s rules are formulated by considering the charge of the cation and the relative size of the cation and anion.

• When the size of the cation is small and that of anion is large, the bond is of more covalent character.
• Greater the charge of the cation, greater will be the covalent character.

Question 3.
What are the differences between ionic, covalent and coordinate covalent bond?
Answer:

Students can Download English Lesson 1 Think to Win Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 6th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf  helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 6th English Solutions Term 2 Supplementary Chapter 1 Think to Win

A. Choose the correct answer.

Think To Win 6th Std Question 1.
“Girls you are a good team.”
Which team do the girls belong to?
(a) Badminton
(b) Hockey
(c) Relay
(d) Volleyball
Answer:
(c) Relay

Think To Win 6th Std Questions And Answers Question 2.
Spring fields is the name of a ________
(a) team
(b) house
(c) company
(d) school
Answer:
(d) school

Think To Win Book Back Answers Question 3.
The inter-school sports meet refers to competitions among the _______
(a) teams of the same school
(b) schools in the locality
(c) schools in neighborhood
(d) schools from other districts
Answer:
(b) schools in the locality

Think To Win Question 4.
Seema is Rucha’s _______
(a) friend
(b) teammate
(c) younger sister
(d) opponent
Answer:
(c) younger sister

Think To Win 6th English Question 5.
Order the names of the members in Team B relay event. Shabnum was followed by _______
(a) Neelam, Arana, Rucha
(b) Arana, Rucha ,Neelam
(c) Neelam, Rucha, Arana
(d) Arana, Neelam, Rucha
Answer:
(a) Neelam, Aruna, Rucha

MCQ : Additional

Think To Win Supplementary Summary Question 1.
The bicycle wobbled, as ten year old Rucha leaned forward in the seat and pumped the
(a) pedals
(b) tyres
(c) wheels
(d) tubes
Answer:
(a) pedals

Think To Win Summary Question 2.
For a few _______,he let go of his hold and Rucha was on her own.
(a) minute
(b) hours
(c) moments
(d) seconds
Answer:
(c) moments

Think To Win 6th Std Summary In Tamil Question 3.
Rucha _______ that he was not holding the bicycle anymore.
(a) noticed
(b) found
(c) realised
(d) knew
Answer:
(c) realised

6th English Think To Win Question 4.
Rucha cut in before her mother could .
(a) talk
(b) interfere
(c) listen
(d) answer
Answer:
(d) answer

Think To Win 6th Std Summary In English Question 5.
Their house stood _______ in the overall tally.
(a) third
(b) first
(c) last
(d) second
Answer:
(d) second

Think To Win 6th Std Summary Question 6.
He was very _______ about sports, (interesting / enthusiastic)
(a) eager
(b) enthusiastic
(c) curious
(d) interesting
Answer:
(b) enthusiastic

Think To Win Supplementary Question 7.
The girls murmured their _______.
(a) assent
(b) acceptance
(c) approval
(d) grievance
Answer:
(a) assent

Samacheer Kalvi Guru 6th English Question 8.
Prakash Sir was never far, even as he trained other _______.
(a) students
(b) schools
(c) children
(d) players
Answer:
(c) children

Question 9.
The stadium, where the meet was being held, bustled with great _______.
(a) activity
(b) pomp
(c) show
(d) fun
Answer:
(a) activity

Question 10.
Totally absorbed, she ran, she lost track of time and _______
(a) space
(b) energy
(c) distance
(d) strength
Answer:
(c) distance

B. Answer the Following.

Question 1.
How does Rucha differ from her sister?
Answer:
Rucha is over protective of herself. She never did things rashly. Even in running ‘ and playing, she would be conscious of her movements. But Seema, her younger sister was bold and was ready to take any risks.

Question 2.
‘Springfieids has a runner and they call her P.T. Usha’. Why did they call her so?
Answer:
As the runner, runs very fast, like P.T. Usha, they call her so.

Question 3.
Describe the qualities of the new PIT. Instructor Mr. Prakash.
Answer:
The new P.T. Instructor was very enthusiastic about sports and drove the children . hard – praising them, scolding and correcting them. But most of time, he encourages and advises them a lot.

Question 4.
What words were ringing in Rucha’s ears when she was running in the relay?
Answer:
When Rucha was running in the relay, her P.T. Sir’s words came to her mind. ‘Think to Win’ were the words ringing in her ears.

Question 5.
What did Rucha finally realise about herself?
Answer:
She realised that she had overcome her hesitations and denials. She could win, whenever she chose to do so.

C. Read the given lines and answer the questions.

1. His voice came from some distance away and, Rucha realized that he was not
holding the bicycle any more. “I will fall! I will fall!” she wailed.

Question a.
What was she afraid of?
Answer:
She was afraid of losing her balance and that she may fall down.

Question b.
Was the boy closely following her?
Answer:
No, the boy was not closely following her.

2. For the past two weeks he had been teaching her to ride.

Question a.
Who was teaching whom?
Answer:
Vishnu was teaching Rucha.

Question b.
What was he teaching?
Answer:
He was teaching Rucha to ride the bicycle.

3. Even ‘P.T. Usha’ came to shake her hand. “I thought I was fast, but you were simply
superb! ” she shook hands with her.

Question a.
Who does the word ‘you’ refer to?
Answer:
‘You’ refers to Rucha, the winner.

Question b.
What quality of the speaker is revealed?
Answer:
The speaker’s attitude to take her loss sportively and the good heart to praise the opponent’s ability.

Read The Given Lines and Answer The Questions – Additional

1. ‘Mummy may I ride the bicycle?’

Question a.
Who wants to ride the bicycle?
Answer:
Seema, Rucha’s sister, wanted to ride the bicycle.

Question b.
Was she allowed to ride the bicycle?
Answer:
No, she was not allowed to ride the bicycle.

2. ‘Cheer up now,’ Aruna told her. ‘At least you tried, I say, the inter-school sports meet is coming up. You are in the school’s relay team, aren’t,you?’

Question a.
Why was Aruna consoling Rucha?
Answer:
Aruna was consoling her because she was upset that she has lost her game by a couple of points.

Question b.
In which team was Rucha in the inter school sports meet?
Answer:
She was in the school’s relay team.

3. ‘Prakash Sir overheard this conversation. He took a quick decision.’

Question a.
What was the conversation overheard by Mr. Prakash?
Answer:
He heard the girls talking about a fast runner in Springfields school and they call her as P.T. Usha.

Question b.
Who Informed this to the other girls?
Answer:
Shabnam informed this message to the other girls.

D. Think and Answer

Imagine you are Rucha and make a diary entry on your feelings about the day’s happening and your victory. The start is given. Complete the diary.

Answer:
January 29, 2018.
Dear Diary,

Hurrah, we have won the race. I can’t believe it. At first, I thought, I would once again fail at the last minute and was not ready to take part in the race. But I did run and we did win. I am so happy. I took Sir’s advice. It really helped me. I was so excited when everyone applauded me. It was a proud moment for me, when our team was called to the victory stand. I had overcome my hesitations and denials. Now, I could win everything, whenever I chose to do so. I am really thankful to my P.T. Sir, who had motivated me and advised me to have a positive attitude every time I meet my opponent.

E. Discuss in class.

Question 1.
How did Rucha overcome her self-doubts? How can shyness and fear be overcome?
Answer:
Rucha was overprotective of herself. She never did things rashly. She would be conscious of her movements, even in running and playing. Her friends used to console her and motivate her, whenever she failed in her attempts. She had hesitations, self-doubts and denials in whatever task was done by her. Her RT instructor Mr. Prakash observed these negative qualities in her and advised her to have only positive attitude towards everything. He asked her to believe in herself and don’t ever think of losing, think to win. In the relay race, she put aside all her fears and self doubts about her ability. She just remembered her P.T. Sir’s words and ran fast to the finishing line. She won the race and everyone was excited about this attempt of Rucha. She made it because she overcame her self-doubts.

Your shyness and fear can be overcome by being confident always, trying new things, engaging yourself in talks with others, giving speeches or presentations often, walking with your head high and be aware of what is happening around you.

F. Role play.

Question:
Work in groups and enact the story.
Select the character you are going to impersonate.

• Read the story carefully.
• Prepare your dialogue.
• Co-ordinate with your group.
• Present your skit to the class.

(To be done by the students)

Project

G. Prepare a collage on different sports and present it in the class.

A Collage on different sports

Collage: An artistic composition of materials and objects pasted over a surface, often with unifying lines and colour.

Steps to Success

Identify the sport name from the given wuzzies. One is done for you.

Answer:

Find the odd one out.
eg. Weight lifting, Boxing, Silambam, Fencing – [Weight lifting]

1. Hide and Seek, Kho-Kho, Tennikoit, Kabaddi [Hide and seek]
2. Badminton, Cycling, Tennis, Squash [Cycling]
3. Trapeze, Throw Ball, Bowling, Goalball [Bowling]
4. Snooker, Polo, Five Pins, Carrom Board [Polo]
5. Cricket, Base Ball, Hockey, Basket Ball [Basket ball]

Think to Win Additional Questions

I. Identify The Character/Speaker.

1. ‘Hold tight, Vishnu! I will fall! ’ – Rucha to Vishnu
2. ‘Don’t worry, Ruchaji, you are doing well’. – Vishnu to Rucha
3. ‘You fell. Doesn’t matter. We all do, when we are learning to ride a cycle. ’ – Rucha’s niother to Rucha
4. ‘Rucha, hit harder.’ – Rucha’s friends to Rucha
5. ‘ You must practice more. That is all. ’ – Aruna to Rucha
6. ‘I will probably make everyone lose the race.’ – Rucha to Aruna
7. ‘Rucha, you are nimble and light. You can do better than that.’ – PT. Instructor to Rucha
8. ‘Has anyone heard about her? It seems they call herP.T. Usha!’ , – Shabnam to her friends
9. ‘No self-doubts, Rucha! This is exactly what I have been wanting to tell you.’ – P.T. Instructor to Rucha
10. ‘Girls, you are a good team. You can win. Go ahead and show your mettle! Good luck.’ – P.T. Instructor to the girls team

II. Read the Following. State True or False.

1. Rucha complained that the bicycle was too small for her.
2. Rucha’s sister, seema was younger to her by five years.
3. There was a considerable contrast between the two sisters.
4. Rucha finally agreed to stand in, if no better person could be found.
5. The spring fields did not have a very fast runner.
6. When Prakash overheard the conversation, he took a quick decision.
7. ‘You must have a positive attitude’ said Prakash Sir to Rucha.
8. The stadium, where the meet was being held was simple and had less of activity.
9. Prakash Sir, did not give the final words of encouragement to the girls.
10. She had overcome her hesitations and denials.

Answers:

1. False
2. False
3. True
4. True
5. False
6. True
7. True
8. False
9. False
10. True

III. Rearrange the Following jumbled Sentences in The Correct Order.

A.
1. For the past two weeks, he had been teaching her to fide.
2. For a few moments he let go of his hold and Rucha was on her own.
3. The bicycle wobbled as ten year old Rucha leaned forward in the seat and pumped the pedals.
4. ‘Hold tight, Vishnu, I will fall!’ she shouted to the boy, who ran behind, steadying the bicycle.
5. ‘Don’t worry Ruchaji, you are doing well’ he puffed.
Answer:
3, 4, 1, 5, 2
3. The bicycle wobbled as ten year old Rucha leaned forward in the seat and pumped the pedals.
4. ‘Hold tight, Vishnu, I will fall!’ she shouted to the boy, who ran behind, steadying the bicycle.
1. For the past two weeks, he had been teaching her to ride.
5. ‘Don’t worry Ruchaji, you are doing well’ he puffed.
2. or a few moments he let go of his hold and Rucha was on her own.

B.
1. ‘The bicycle is too big for me’ Rucha complained.
2. She stormed into the house to complain.
3. At least you are not hurt.
4. ‘You fell. Doesn’t matter,” said her mother calmly.
5. We all do, when we are learning to ride a cycle.
Answer:
2, 4, 5, 3, 1
2. She stormed into the house to complain.
4. ‘You fell. Doesn’t matter,” said her mother calmly.
5. We all do, when we are learning to ride a cycle.
3. At least you are not hurt.
1. ‘The bicycle is too big for me’ Rucha complained.

C.
1. “I can’t seem to win,” said Rucha remorsefully.
2. Rucha lost the game by a couple of points.
3. ‘You played all right, ’ Arana consoled her.
4. ‘The time when your opponent was at the net, if you had hit just a little harder over her head, you could have won that point’.
5. Their house stood second in the overall tally.
Answer:
2, 5, 1, 3, 4
2. Rucha lost the game by a couple of points.
5. Their house stood second in the overall tally.
1. “I can’t seem to win,” said Rucha remorsefully.
3. ‘You played all right, ’ Arana consoled her.
4. ‘The time when your opponent was at the net, if you had hit just a little harder over her head, you could have won that point’.

D.
1. There was laughter and a great deal of joviality as Prakash Sir had seen to it that they were fit and relaxed as well.
2. The next few days, he saw the girls training extra hard.
3. The stadium, where the meet was being held, bustled with great activity.
4. Prakash Sir was never far, even as he trained other children.
5. The day of the sport meet dawned and the children piled into buses to reach the venue.
Answer:
2, 4, 5, 1, 3
2. The next few days, he saw the girls training extra hard.
4. Prakash Sir was never far, even as he trained other children.
5. The day of the sport meet dawned and the children piled into buses to reach the venue.
1. There was laughter and a great deal of joviality as Prakash Sir had seen to it that they were fit and relaxed as well.
3. The stadium, where the meet was being held, bustled with great activity.

IV. Read The Passage and Answer the Questions.

1. The bicycle wobbled as ten-year-old Rucha leaned forward in the seat and pumped the pedals. “Hold tight, Vishnu! I will fall!” she shouted to the boy, who ran behind, steadying the bicycle. For the past two weeks he had been teaching her to ride. “Don’t worry, Ruchaji, you are doing well,” he puffed. For a few moments he let go of his hold and Rucha was on her own.

Question a.
How old was Rucha?
Answer:
She was ten years old.

Question b.
Who was teaching Rucha to ride a bicycle?
Answer:
Vishnu was teaching Rucha to ride a bicycle.

Question c.
For how many days, he had been teaching her?
Answer:
He had been teaching her, for the past two weeks.

2. Next week, inter-house badminton matches were to be held in the school. Rucha was in the senior team. She gave up other activities and practised with her friends. “Rucha, hit harder,” they told her on the day of the match. Arana, a very good player of their house, was expected to win. And she did. Rucha and her opponent were almost evenly matched and Rucha lost the game by a couple of points.

Question a.
What matches were to be held in the school?
Answer:
Inter-house badminton matches were to be held in the school.

Question b.
What did Rucha do?
Answer:
She gave up other activities and practised with her friends.

Question c.
In which team was Rucha?
Answer:
She was in the Senior team.

3. He was very enthusiastic about sports and drove the children hard- praising, scolding, correcting but mostly encouraging them. “Rucha, you are nimble and light. You can do better than that,” he told her often. “How can I do that?” Rucha confided to Arana. “I will most probably fall.” “Don’t be silly. We are all trying to better ourselves. You must try too,” Arana told her.

Question a.
How was the P. T. Instructor?
Answer:
He was very enthusiastic about sports and drove the children hard.

Question b.
What did he tell Rucha often?
Answer:
He told her often that she was nimble and light. She can do better.

Question c.
Who encouraged her apart from the P. T. Instructor?
Answer:
Arana her teammate encouraged her.

4. Shabnam, a tall girl, was their first runner. She would pass the baton to Neelam, Neelam would pass it to Arana, and Arana to Rucha, who would be finishing the race for them. The whistle blew and the first runners were off. With her long strides, Shabnam gave the team a marginal lead. But by the time Neelam had passed the baton to Arana, both Team A and D had drawn level with her. Then, the runner of Team D fumbled and dropped the baton. Arana ran for all she was worth, just managing to keep abreast of the runner of the Team A.

Question a.
Who was the first runner?
Answer:
Shabnam was the first runner.

Question b.
What happened, when Neelam had passed the baton to Aruna?
Answer:
When Neelam had passed the baton to Aruna, both Team A and D had drawn level with her.

Question c.
How did Aruna ran?
Answer:
Aruna ran for all she was worth, just managing to keep abreast of the runner of the team A.

V. Paragraph Questions.

Question 1.
What happened when Rucha was learning to ride the bicycle?
Answer:
Vishnu was teaching Rucha, a ten year old girl to ride a bicycle. Rucha was not confident of riding it smoothly. She was frightened that she would fall, if Vishnu doesn’t hold the bicycle. Vishnu was teaching her to ride the bicycle for the past two weeks. Though he told Rucha that she was doing well, Rucha had self-doubts about her riding. She was insisting Vishnu to hold the bicycle tightly. After some time, she realized that Vishnu had stopped holding the bicycle. She called out to him and cried that she will fall. Before Vishnu could reach her, the bicycle wobbled, tilted to one side and Rucha was deposited into a bush.

Question 2.
What type of a person was Mr. Prakash, the P. T. Instructor and how did he manage to motivate and help the girls?
Answer:
The P. T. Instructor, Mr. Prakash was very enthusiastic about sports and drove the children hard – praising, scolding, correcting but mostly encouraging them. When he heard about the fast runner from Springfields school, he took a quick decision. He gave the girls more practice on the field. He taught exercises that would allow their legs to stretch more and stride faster. Then he trained them in the skill of passing the baton without losing speed. He motivated Rucha to have a positive attitude always. She should always think to win and said that he felt that she can do it. All these words of motivation and the training given to the girls, made their relay team to win at the inter school sports meet.

Question 3.
How did Rucha finally win the match?
Answer:
Finally, when the baton was in Rucha’s hand, she was dismayed to see that she was pitted against P. T. Usha of Team A. She quickly put aside all her thoughts and got ready to speed up. She heard the shouts of her schoolmates. She could see P. T. Usha trying to overtake her. She thought that she had to win. Prakash Sir’s words were ringing in her ears – ‘Think to Win’. The next moment, she was conscious of nothing, except the finishing line, which she had to reach. Totally absorbed, she ran and lost the track of time and distance. She was conscious of what happened there only when Aruna called out jo her and told her that they have won. Everyone applauded her. Even P.T. Usha came over to shake her hands. Rucha had overcome her hesitations and denials. She could win, whenever she chose to do so.

Think to Win Summary

This lesson is based on Positive Attitude. You have to believe in yourself and work towards achieving your goal. You should not think of losing but think to win. Only to win and then you can do it easily. Rucha seldom did things rashly. Even in running and playing, she would be conscious of her movements. Seema, her younger sister, on the other hand, was bold and prone to taking risks. Rucha had no confidence in her ability.

She always had some hesitations and denials. Even while learning to ride a bicycle, she feared that she may fall off, little knowing that she was riding well. Her fear and hesitation made her fall off the bicycle. She was also upset, when she lost the inter-house badminton match by .a couple of points. Her friends consoled her and asked her to practice more for the relay in the inter-school sports meet. Rucha feared that she would make everyone lose the race. As her friends compelled her to take up the race, she agreed and started practising under the new P.T. instructor, Mr. Prakash. He was very enthusiastic about sports and drove the children hard – praising, scolding, correcting but mostly encouraging them.

Mr. Prakash overheard the conversation of the children that Springfields school had a very fast runner and they call her P.T. Usha. So he took a quick decision to make the girls practice more on the field. He also motivated them saying that their aim should be to win the race, not just to make an attempt in the relay. He showed them some exercises that would allow their legs to stretch more and stride faster. He also trained them in the skill of passing the baton without losing their speed.

He then turned to Rucha and gave her advice to win the relay. He asked her not to slow down and to have self confidence. She should not have any self-doubts, and not to think of losing. She must have positive attitude and see herself winning. Think to win. Only to win. He said that he can feel that she can do it. Rucha was inspired by his words. At the sports meet, Prakash Sir gave the girls his final words of encouragement.

As the whistle blew, Shabnam the first runner, gave the team a marginal lead. Then to Neelam and Arana, who ran just managing to keep abreast of the runner of the Team A. Finally, the baton was in Rucha’s hand. She had noted with dismay that she was pitted against P.T. Usha of Team – A. When the baton was passed to her, she was more than ready, Prakash Sir’s words came to her mind, ‘Think to Win’. The next moment, Rucha was conscious of nothing except the tape at the finishing line which she had to reach. Totally absorbed, she ran. She lost track of time and distance. She ran on, not conscious of the fact that the race was over till Aruna called out to her that they have won. She was applauded by everyone, including the fast runner. Rucha had overcome her hesitations and denials. She could win, whenever she chose to succeed.

Students can Download English Lesson 1 Owlie Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 6th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 6th English Solutions Term 1 Supplementary Chapter 1 Owlie

Mind Map

A. identify the character / speaker,

Owlie Supplementary Question And Answer Question 1.
Owlie’s gone!
Answer:
Payal to Mom.

Owlie’s Gone Question 2.
She opened one eye and then the other.
Answer:
Owlie.

Question 3.
Don’t panic.
Answer:
Mom to Payal.

Identify The Character / Speaker : Additional

1. “Well, now Owlie has gone”. – Mom to Payal
2. ‘Where would she have gone, Payal?’ – Mom to Payal
3. ‘She was right there, sleeping in her cage, a little while ago’. – Mom to Payal
4. ‘Mom, what shall we call her?’ – Mom to Payal
5. ‘How about Owlie?’ – Mom to Payal
6. ‘Oh, what have I done?’ – Mom to Payal
7. ‘She must be somewhere around’. – Mom to Payal
8. ‘Why don’t you find yourself a good book to read? – Mom to Payal
9. ‘Mom! she’s back’. – Payal to Mom
10. Tears rolled down Payal’s cheeks. – The author
11. ‘Don’t you ever give me a fright like that again’. – Payal to the ow

B. Choose the correct answer from the options given.

1. The owlet was _______ (brown and grey / white and grey)
2. In Payal’s family, they were all _______ (non-vegetarian / vegetarian).
3. The cage was shifted to the _______ (library / living room).

Answers:

1. brown and grey
2. vegetarian
3. library

Mcq: Additional

1. As Owlie was a baby, it didn’t know to _______ ( eat / dance)
2. Payal’s Mom was hesitant to _______ inside the house, (bring Owlie / bring meat)
3. Payal’s Mom started reading a lot about _______ (owls and their habits / feeding animals)
4. Owls were _______ so they slept all day and were active during the night. (night birds / day birds)
5. In the library , one door led to the rest of the house and another into _______ (kitchen / garden)
6. The book shelves also displayed _______, dolls and wooden and clay animals. (beautiful pieces of pottery / glass jars)
7. Payal left the cage door open as Owlie was _______ during the day. (eating / sleeping)
8. Payal panicked because _______ (the cage was empty / Owlie had died)
9. Payal’s Mom advised her _______ to cheer up. (to go for a ride / to read some book)
10. Payal noticed a _______ on the book shelf, (curio / tom book)

Answers:

1. eat
2. bring meat
3. owls and their habits
4. night birds
5. garden
6. beautiful pieces of pottery
7. sleeping
8. the cage was empty
9. to read some book
10. curio

C. Read the passage and answer the questions.

Payal and her mother started talking bravely about where to bury Owlie. Just then, Owlie opened one eye and then the other. She got onto her feet and quietly climbed the perch! Payal learnt later that falling on her back and pretending to be dead was Owlie’s way of defending herself against danger.

Owlie Questions And Answers Question 1.
Why did Payal and her mother want to bury Owlie?
Answer:
They thought that Owlie had died.

Owlie Question 2.
What did Owlie do then?
Answer:
Owlie opened one eye and then the other.

6th Standard English Supplementary Owlie Question Answers Question 3.
What did Payal learn from Owlie’s pretence?
Answer:
Owlie leamt the way of defending herself.

Read The Passage and Answer the Questions ; Additional

1. Owls are hunters. They eat rats and snakes and frogs. ’And in Payal’s house, they were all vegetarian, even the dogs! Payal’s mother was totally anti-meat. But now that Owlie had come to stay, she had to get over her dislike for meat. That was another reason why that day was memorable. It was the first day that meat was brought to the house! Payal got the number from her friend and called the meat shop to ask them to deliver half a kilogram of minced meat to the house. They put the meat before Owlie.

Owlie Supplementary Summary Question a.
What did Payal’s Mom dislike to do ?
Answer:
Payal’s Mom disliked to bring meat into the house.

Owlie Supplementary Question b.
Why was the day memorable ?
Answer:
The day was memorable as it was the first day that meat was brought to the house.

Owlie Lesson 6th Standard Question c.
How did Payal get the meat for Owlie ?
Ans.
Payal got the number from her friend and called the meat shop to ask them to deliver half a kilogram of minced meat to the house.

2. Reading up more about owls and their habits, Payal discovered that Owlie was a Spotted Owlet. She had the typical grey-brown coat, heavily spotted with white, the pale face, yellow eyes and the white neckband, which looked like a ribbon, Payal decided. Soon, Payal took over the job of looking after Owlie. She saw that the cage was cleaned every day.She filled the water bowl. Once Owlie began to eat by herself, Payal too could feed her.

Samacheer Kalvi Guru 6th English Question a.
What did Payal’s mom discover by reading books on Owls?
Answer:
Payal’s Mom discovered that the Owlie was a Spotted Owlet.

6th Standard English Supplementary Owlie Question b.
Describe the appearance of Owlie ?
Answer:
Owlie had a typical grey-brown coat, heavily spotted with white, the pale face, yellow eyes and a white neckband.

Samacheerkalvi.Guru 6th English Question c.
What was Payal’s job in taking care of Owlie ?
Answer:
Payal cleaned the cage and filled the water bowl everyday.

3. Once Owlie was moved to the library, strict rules were laid down for everyone in the house. The two doors were never to be left open – not at night, not in the day. Every night, Payal would leave the cage door open and put a plate of mincemeat on top of the cage. This was so that when Owlie flew out of her cage, she could also learn to find her food.

6th Standard Supplementary Question a.
What were the rules ?
Answer:
The two doors were never to be left open – not at night, not in the day. Every ‘ night, Payal would leave the cage door open and put a place of mincemeat on top of the cage.

The Owlet Was Answer Question b.
Why was the meat placed on the top of cage ?
Answer:
The meat was placed on the top of the cage so that Owlie would fly out of the cage and leam to find her food.

Supplementary Owlie Question c.
Where was Owlie moved ?
Answer:
Owlie was moved into the library.

4. Every day when Payal came back from school, the first thing she did was to peep into the library. Usually, she would find Owlie fast asleep on her perch. But today, it was different. The cage was empty and there was no sign of Owlie! And the door to the garden was open.‘Mom!’ Payal howled. ‘Who left the garden door open? How will we find Owlie now? ‘Don’t panic,’ said Mom. ‘She must be somewhere around.’ They shut the garden door and looked in every comer of the room. Behind doors, on top of the tall bookshelves, in every nook and cranny. No Owlie.

Question a.
What did Payal do everyday when she returned from school ?
Answer:
Everyday Payal would peep into the library and find Owlie fast asleep on her perch inside the cage.

Question b.
What was different today when Payal returned from School ?
Answer:
Today, the cage was empty and there was no sign of Owlie when Payal returned from School.

Question c.
What did Payal and Mom do when they found that Owlie was missing ?
Answer:
Payal and Mom shut the garden door and looked in every comer of the room. They searched behind the doors, on top of the tall bookshelves and in every nook and cranny.

D. Rearrange the following jumbled sentences in the correct order.

• Payal’s house was a home for abandoned animals.
• It was a small ball of brown and grey.
• She found an owlet in one comer.
• Payal’s mother picked her up gently.
• Payal’s mother opened the carton.
• One day they got a carton.

Answer:

• Payal’s house was a home for abandoned animals.
• One day they got a carton.
• Payal’s mother opened the carton.
• She found an owlet in one comer.
• It was a small ball of brown and grey.
• Payal’s mother picked her up gently.

Rearrange The Following Jumbled Sentences ; Additional

A.
1. When the owl got used to her, and seemed relaxed enough, Payal’s mother placed her inside a cage.
2. When Payal’s mother opened the carton, there was the smallest of owlets sitting in , one comer, a small ball of brown and grey.
3. There were always empty cages in Payal’s house – just in case a bird dropped in!
4. She had never handled owls before, so she was very careful not to get pecked.
5. Payal’s mother picked her up gently and placed her in her lap, talking to her just as she would to the dogs.
Answer:
2, 5, 4, 1, 3
2. When Payal’s mother opened the carton, there was the smallest of owlets sitting in one comer, a small ball of brown and grey.
5. Payal’s mother picked her up gently and placed her in her lap, talking to her just as she would to the dogs.
4. She had never handled owls before, so she was very careful not to get pecked.
1. When the owl got used to her, and seemed relaxed enough, Payal’s mother placed her inside a cage.
3. There were always empty cages in Payal’s house – just in case a bird dropped in!

B.
1. After all, people seldom went into that room all day, and Owlie was always asleep, so there seemed little point.
2. But Payal knew Owlie was flying because she found bits of meat all over the room.
3. After some time, Payal stopped shutting the cage door even during the day.
4. She would always find Owlie on her perch inside the cage, though the cage door was still open.
5. Initially, Payal would shut the cage door every morning when she popped in to say hello to Owlie before going to school.
Answer:
5, 4, 2, 3,-1
5. Initially, Payal would shut the cage door every morning when she popped in to say hello to Owlie before going to school.
4. She would always find Owlie on her perch inside the cage, though the cage door was still open.
2. But Payal knew Owlie was flying because she found bits of meat all over the room.
3. After some time, Payal stopped shutting the cage door even during the day.
1. After all, people seldom went into that room all day, and Owlie was always asleep, so there seemed little point.

C.
1. Where did this one come from, she wondered.
2. She noticed a curio on a shelf that she had never noticed before. Hello?
3. Where did her mother get the owl from?
4. It was Owlie pretending to be a curio! ‘Mom!’ bawled Payal.
5. She was about to pick it up when the curio opened one eye…
Answer:
2, 1, 3, 5, 4
2. She noticed a curio on a shelf that she had never noticed before. Hello?
1. Where did this one come from, she wondered.
3. Where did her mother get the owl from?
5. She was about to pick it up when the curio opened one eye.
4. It was Owlie pretending to be a curio! ‘Mom! ’ bawled Payal.

E. Discuss in pairs. Then write the answers.

Question 1.
What kind of a girl was Payal? What did she like? How did she behave with animals and people?
Answer:
Payal was a kind hearted girl. She liked pets. She behaved with love and care.

Question 2.
Do you think Owlie was happy to be with Payal? Give reasons for your answer.
Answer:
Yes, Owlie was very happy to be with Payal. It did not leave the house. It adapted the home well.

Project

F. Listen to the teacher read the passage, watch this website: https://sstcn.org/ Then write a Paragraph on students Turtle Walk Channai 2017.

It is a night long trek/walk along the beaches of Chennai between December to April. It is a breeding season of the Olive Ridley turtles. One has to volunteer with the students’conservation society and walk along the beaches, fishing hamlets looking out for turtle nests. The eggs are collected from these nests and kept at an artificial environment until the eggs hatch. After 21 days, the hatchlings are let back into the sea water safely. This is done in order to protect these eggs which otherwise have a very high threat of getting killed by many external factors. The volunteering is open to general public who is genuinely concerned about conserving this endangered reptile species.

Connecting To Self

G. Write a caption for these pictures. One is done for you

Answer:

Steps To Success

H. Find the group name and write them in the blanks. One is done for You.
eg: elephant, tiger, lion, monkey – Land animals

1. eel, seal, walrus, seahorse
2. pearl, coral,conch, oil
3. submarine, ship, yacht, ferry
4. kite surfing, scuba diving, parasailing
5. albatross, penguin, pelican, fish hawk

Answers:

1. sea/aquatic
2. sea products
3. sea vehicles
4. sea games
5. sea birds

Owlie Additional Questions

I. Write The Correct Word.

Answers:
shore
swim
aquatic
airport
row

II. Paragraph Questions.

Question 1.
How did Owlle spend her first day at Payal’s house?
Answer:
Payal’s mom ordered the meat to feed the owl. As Owlie was a baby, it didn’t know to eat. Mom decided to squish the meat until it was soft and forced the food into Owlie’s mouth. In a second, Owlie fell down on the floor of the cage She lay on her back with her feet up in the air. Payal and his Mom thought that they had killed the owl and started talking about burying the bird. Suddenly, Owlie opened one eye and got on to her feet. Payal learnt later that falling on her back and pretending to be dead was Owlie’s way of defending herself against danger. So that was Owlie’s first day at home.

Question 2.
What happened one day, when Payal returned home?
Answer:
One day, when Payal returned home, the cage was empty and the garden door was left open. Payal panicked and called for her mother. Payal’s mother ran into the room and searched for the owl. There was no sign of Owlie. Mom asked Payal to be calm and to search once again all over. They shut the garden door and looked ‘ in every comer of the room – Behind doors, on top of the tall book shelves and in every nook and cranny. They couldn’t find Owlie. Finally, they decided that the Owlie had gone and left the doors open. But Payal hoped secretly that Owlie would come in, if the doors were kept open.

Question 3.
How did Payal get back the owl?
Answer:
Payal was upset after the Owlie left their house. She was sitting, gazing mournfully at the Owlie’s cage. Mom advised Payal to read a good book to cheer herself up. Payal started looking for a book to read. Suddenly, she noticed, a curio on the shelf. She was about to pick it up, when the curio opened an eye. It was Owlie pretending to be a curio. Payal was happy to find out that it,was Owlie. Payal scolded the owl not to give her a fright like that again and put her back in her cage.

Owlie Summary

Payal and her mom are fond of birds and animals. Their house was a home to all kinds of abandoned animals, lost dogs, injured cats and lost baby birds. Though not a large house, Payal’s mom had a BIG heart. One day Shefali didi had brought a carton. Inside the carton, there was a small Owlet. Payal’s Mom picked it up carefully and placed her inside the cage. They named it Owlie.

They had to figure out a way to feed the owlet. As Owls eat rats, snakes and frogs, Payal’s mom was hesitant to bring meat inside the house. Finally, Mom ordered the meat and put the meat before Owlie. As Owlie was a baby, it didn’t know to eat. Mom decided to squish (smash) the meat until it was soft and shoved (forced) the food into Owlie’s mouth. In a second, Owlie fell down on the floor of the cage. They thought they had killed Owlie and started talking about burying Owlie. Suddenly, Owlie opened one eye and got onto her feet. That’s when Payal and her Mom learnt that it was Owlie’s way of defending danger.

Payal’s Mom started reading a lot about owls and their habits. Payal took the job of looking after Owlie. Once Owlie leamt to eat on its own, Payal loved it when she offered the meat on her hand and Owlie took the piece. Owls were night birds, so they slept all day and were active during the night. So Payal decided to let Owlie fly when she was bigger. To train her to fly, they had to keep Owlie in closed room. So they chose the library with two doors.

One door led to the rest of the house and another into the garden. Payal used to read all kinds of books in her favorite library room. The book shelves also displayed beautiful pieces of pottery, dolls and wooden and clay animals and birds from all around the world.

Once Owlie was moved to the library, it was decided by Mom and Payal not to leave the doors open. Every night, Payal left the cage door open and put a piece of meat on the cage. Owlie would fly out of the cage and find her food. Every morning, Payal used to close the cage door and find minced meats all over the room. So she thought Owlie was flying around in night and returning back to the cage in the morning to sleep. After some days, Payal left the cage door open as Owlie was sleeping during the day. But one day, when Payal returned, the cage was empty and the garden door was left open. Payal panicked and called for her Mom. Mom asked Payal to be calm and search for Owlie. They couldn’t find Owlie . Finally they decided that Owlie had gone and left the doors open.

Payal was very upset and was looking sadly at the cage . Mom advised Payal to read a book to cheer herself up. Payal started looking for a book to read. Suddenly she noticed a curio (unusual object) on the shelf. Payal was happy to find out that it was Owlie. Payal scolded the owl and put her back in her cage.