Laxmi

You can Download Samacheer Kalvi 6th Science Book Solutions Guide Pdf, Tamilnadu State Board help you to revise the complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 6th Science Solutions Term 1 Chapter 4 The Living World of Plants

Samacheer Kalvi 6th Science The Living World of Plants Textual Evaluation

I. Choose the appropriate answer

The World Of Plants Class 6 Question 1.
Pond is an example of ______ ecosystem.
(a) Marine
(b) Freshwater
(c) Deserts
(d) Mountain
Answer:
(b) Freshwater

Mention Few Desert Plants Answer Question 2.
The important function of stomata is ……….
(a) conduction
(b) Transpiration
(c) Photosynthesis
(d) Absorption
Answer:
(c) Photosynthesis

The Living World Of Plants Question 3.
Organ of absorption is ______
(a) Root
(b) Stem
(c) Leaf
(d) Flower
Answer:
(a) Root

The Living World Of Plants Class 6 Question 4.
The habitat of water hyacinth is
(a) Aquatic
(b) Terrestrial
(c) Desert
(d) Mountain
Answer:
(a) Aquatic

II. True or False

Samacheer Kalvi Guru 6th Science Question 1.
Plants can live without water.
Answer:
False. Plants cannot live without water.

Samacheerkalvi.Guru 6th Science Question 2.
All plants have chlorophyll.
Answer:
True.

The Living World Class 6 Question Answers Question 3.
Plants have three parts: the root, the stem and leaves.
Answer:
False. Plants have several parts: Such as the root, the stem, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds.

The World Of Plants Question 4.
Mountain is an example for freshwater habitat.
Answer:
False. Rivers, ponds, lakes and pools are the example for freshwater habitat. (OR) Mountain is an example for Terrestrial habitat.

Samacheer Kalvi.Guru 6th Science Question 5.
Root is modified into spines.
Answer:
False. Leaves are modified into spines.

Question 6.
Green plants need sunlight.
Answer:
True.

III. Fill in the Blanks.

1. Earth’s surface is covered by __________ % of water.
2. The driest places on Earth are __________
3. Fixation and absorption are the main functions of __________
4. Primary organs of photosynthesis are __________
5. Tap root system is present in __________ plants.

Answers:

1. More than 70%
2. deserts
3. root
4. leaves
5. dicotyledonous

IV. Match the following.

Answer:

V. Arrange in correct sequence.

Question 1.
Leaves – Stem Root – Flower.
Answer:
Root, Stem, Leaves, Flower.

Question 2.
Transpiration-Conduction-Absorption-Fixation
Answer:
Fixation-Absorptiori-Conduction-Transpiration

VI. Very short answer.

Question 1.
Classify the plants on the basis of their habitats.
Answer:
The two major habitats.
(a) Aquatic habitat
(b) Terrestrial habitat

(a) Aquatic habitat classified into two. They are

1. Fresh water habitat
2. Marine water habitat

(b) Terrestrial habitat classified into three.

1. Forest habitat
2. Grassland habitat
3. Desert habitat.

Question 2.
Identify the Desert plants from the following-
Cactus, Hydrilla, Mango and Rose
Answer:
Cactus plants – grow in deserts, and are able to store water in their stem.

Question 3.
Define the term habitat.
Answer:
A dwelling place of an animal, plant or other organism, to live and reproduce is called habitat.

Question 4.
Relate the terms leaves and photosynthesis.
Answer:
Leaves are green in colour, they have chlorophyll and do photosynthesis.

VII. Short Answer.

Question 1.
Why do you call jasmine plant, a twiner?
Answer:
Jasmine plant has weak stem. It cannot stand straight on its own. It must climb on any support to survive. So jasmine plant is called as twiner.

Question 2.
Compare the tap root and fibrous root systems.
Answer:
Tap root :
Single root-grow straight with smaller roots arise from the tap root.
eg. Dicot plants- Bean, mango

Fibrous root :
Cluster of roots arising from base of the stem, tin and uniform in size.
eg. Monocots, grass, paddy

Question 3.
Distinguish between terrestrial and aquatic habitats.
Answer:
Terrestrial habitats:

1. They are found on land
2. They include desert, grassland, forest, farms, towns and cities
3. They are classified into 3 types, such as Desert habitat, Grassland habitat & Forest habitat.
4. Eg. Rubber tree, teak tree, neem tree

Aquatic habitats:

1. They are found in water.
2. They include the areas, permanently as well as occasionally covered by water.
3. They are classified into 2 types, such as Fresh water habitat, & Marine water habitat.
4. Eg. Lily, lotus, marine algae, sea grasses.

Question 4.
List out the plants present in your school garden.
Answer:
Shoe Flower, Ferns, Crotons, Roses, Lilies, Cactus, Coconut Trees, Royal Palm, Clitoria, Cycas, Agave, Allamanda, Tomato, Brinjal, Lady’s Finger etc in Terrace garden.

VIII. Answer in detail.

Question 1.
Make a list of the functions of root and stem.
Answer:
Functions of root:
The root,

• Fixes the plant to the soil.
• Absorbs water and minerals from the soil.
• Stores food in some plants like carrot and beet root.

Functions of stem:
The stem,

• Supports the branches, leaves, flowers and fruits.
• Transports water and minerals from roots to upper aerial plant parts.
• Transports the prepared food from leaves to other parts.
• Stores food as in the case of sugarcane.

Question 2.
Study the given concept map. Connect them correcting by drawing arrow marks. Complete the map by filling the blanks.

Answer:

Guess it :
Ginger: Is it a Root or stem?

Answer:
Ginger is often mistaken as a root. In fact it is actually an underground stem from a tropical herb plant Zingiber Officinale.

Samacheer Kalvi 6th Science The Living World of Plants Intext Activities

Samacheerkalvi.Guru 6th Science Solutions Term 1 Chapter 4 The Living World Of Plants Activity – 1

Water absorption by Root
Aim:- To observe absorption of water by root

The Living World Class 6 Question Answers Term 1 Chapter 4 Samacheer Kalvi Question 1.
What you need?
Answer:
A carrot, a glass of water and blue ink.

The World Of Plants Samacheer Kalvi 6th Science Solutions Term 1 Chapter 4 The Living Question 2.
What to do?
Answer:
Place a carrot in a glass of water with a few drops of blue ink. Leave the carrot in water for two to three days. Then cut the carrot into half length wise and observe.

Samacheer Kalvi.Guru 6th Science Solutions Term 1 Chapter 4 The Living World Of Plants Question 3.
What do you learn?
Answer:
Blue colour appears in carrot which indicates the upward movement of water in the carrot showing that root conducts water.

Activity – 2

Conduction of water
Aim:- To observe conduction of water by stem.

Question 1.
What you need?
Answer:
A small twig of balsam plant, a glass of water and a few drops of red ink.

Question 2.
What to do?
Answer:
Place the small twig in the water with red ink.

Question 3.
What do you see?
Answer:
The stem becomes reddish.

Question 4.
What do you learn?
Answer:
This is because red coloured water is being absorbed by the stem upwards.

Activity – 3

Question:
The teacher will divide students into four groups. Each group leader will pull a plant part from a “hat” (roots, stems, leaves, and flower). The teacher will take students around campus to search for their assigned plant parts. They have to locate different types of plants discussed in the class room. The learner will return to the class, follow a process sheet given to create a poster with their group and identify correctly each type of root, stem, or leaf observed. The flower group will create a poster by identifying correctly each part of the flower. Each group will share their posters within the class.
Answer:
Activity to done by the students themselves

Activity – 4

Question 1.
Read the following story along with your friend
Once, I was a happy monkey. I lived in a beautiful thick forest with my mother and two brothers. We ran and played in the lush grass. On one hot day, I fell fast asleep in the cool shade of a tree. Suddenly the bright sun woke me up. I opened my eyes and could not believe what I saw everything has changed. Everything had been destroyed. I stood and looked at the stumps that used to be trees. Nothing was left apart from hard dry ground and only streets and building. I saw a deer that looked very sad, “where have all the trees gone and where are all the other animals?” I asked her.

She explained how humans had chopped down all the trees, but had not planted new ones to replace them. After a while, I said good bye to deer. My home had gone. I didn’t know where my family was, and I was hungry and thirsty, day and night. I walked in search of water, food and safe place to sleep. Whenever I stopped, to rest humans drove me away with sticks and angry voices. I could feel my body getting weak and tired. One day when I had almost given all the hope, I came across a cool and dark forest. As I walked through it, I found plenty of food and water. The forest was safe for me. There were no signs of human visiting it.

• Why did the deer feel sad?
• Who chopped the trees?
• Which is the safest place for monkey to live?
• What is a habitat?

Answer:

• The deer felt sad because humans had chopped down all the trees and there was no place to live.
• People had chopped the trees.
• A forest is the safest place for monkey to live.
• The dwelling place of an animal, plant or other organism is called habitat.

Activity – 5
Visit a nearby nursery. Choose any ten varieties of plants and place them under the appropriate habitats.
Answer:

Activity – 6
Field Investigation

Name of the student :
Date :
Location :
Plant types to be observed
1. A tendril climber
2. A twiner
3. A plant with thorn
Tabulate the modification that you have observed in these plants.
Answer:
Field Investigation
Name of the student : Ramesh
Date : 28 – 07 – 2018
Location : Thekkady

Hots
Cactus plant is green in colour and performs photosynthesis. Which part of the plant does photosynthesis?
Answer:
The stem part of the cactus plant performs photosynthesis.

Samacheer Kalvi 6th Science The Living World of Plants Additional Questions

I. Choose the appropriate answer.

Question 1.
______ is a natural science concerned with study of life and living organisms.
(a) Chemistry
(b) Biology
(c) Zoology
(d) Physics
Answer:
(b) Biolog

Question 2.
The part of a stem from where a leaf arises is
(a) node
(b) internode
(c) terminal bud
(d) lateral bud
Answer:
(a) node

Question 3.
Main axis of the shoot system Is called ______
(a) stem
(b) root
(c) Leaf
(d) buds
Answer:
(a) stem

Question 4.
The green colour of the leaf is due to the presence of
(a) chloronchyma
(b) chlorophyll
(c) lamina
(d) stomata
Answer:
(b) chlorophyll

Question 5.
World habitat day is observed on first Monday of ______
(a) October
(b) November
(c) September
(d) December
Answer:
(a) October

Question 6.
______ is one of the fast growing plant during active growth phase.
(a) Mango
(b) Neem
(c) Hibiscus
(d) Bamboo
Answer:
(d) Bamboo

Question 7.
______ is the longest river in the world.
(a) Sutlej
(b) Yellow
(c) Nile
(d) Congo
Answer:
(c) Nile

Question 8.
Length of Nile river is ______
(a) 6560 km
(b) 6650 km
(c) 6506 km
(d) 5606 km
Answer:
(b) 6650 km

Question 9.
Air spaces in stems and petioles of ______ plant are useful for floating In water.
(a) lotus
(b) waterlily
(c) water hyacinth
(d) agave
Answer:
(a) lotus

Question 10.
The first land plants are ______
(a) neem and pine
(b) hibiscus and lotus
(c) banyan and peepal
(d) mosses and liverworts
Answer:
(d) mosses and liverworts

Question 11.
The ______ forest in South America produces half of the world’s oxygen supply.
(a) Taiga
(b) Congo rain
(c) Amazon rain
(d) Dry deciduous
Answer:
(c) Amazon rain

II. True or False – If False give the correct answer.

Question 1.
The living world comprises of plants and animals.
Answer:
True.

Question 2.
Root has nodes and internodes.
Answer:
False. Stem has nodes and intemodes.

Question 3.
Tap root consists of a cluster of roots arising from the base of the stem.
Answer:
False. Fibrous root consists of a cluster of roots arising from the base of the stem.

Question 4.
The buds at the axils of the leaves are called terminal buds.
Answer:
False. The buds at the axils of the leaves are called auxiliary buds.

Question 5.
In case of sugarcane, food is stored in the stem region.
Answer:
True.

Question 6.
The longest river in India is the Ganges river.
Answer:
True

Question 7.
The Amazon rain forest in Canada produces half of the world’s oxygen supply.
Answer:
False. The Amazon rain forest in South America produces has of the world’s oxygen supply.

III. Fill in the blanks.

1. Plants can prepare _______
2. _______ are positively geotropic in nature.
3. Mango plant is a _______ plant.
4. _______ plants store food in their roots.
5. The aerial part of the plant body above the ground is known as _______
6. The part of the stem between two successive nodes is called _______
7. The flat portion of the leaf is called _______
8. The green colour of the leaf is due to the presence of green coloured pigment called _______
9. _______ plant’s leaves grow up to 3 metres across.
10. _______ are free floating Algae.
11. _______ desert is called as Great Indian desert.
12. River Ganges is _______ km long.
13. Marine plants perform about _______ of all photosynthesis that occurs on the planet.

Answers:

1. food
2. Roots
3. dicotyledonous
4. Carrot and beet root
5. shoot system
6. internode
7. Leaf Lamina
8. Chlorophyll
9. Victoria amazonica
10. Phytoplanktons
11. Thar
12. 2525
13. 40%

IV. Complete the given analogy.

Question 1.
Aerial part above the ground : Shoot system
Underground part of the axis of a plant : _______
Answer:
Root system

Question 2.
Dicotyledonous plants : Bean, Mango
Monocotyledonous plants : _______
Answer:
Grass, paddy

Question 3.
Carrot, beet root : store food in roots.
Sugarcane : _______
Answer:
Stores food in shoot

Question 4.
Photosynthesis : _______
Transpiration : Stomata.
Answer:
chiorophyll

Question 5.
Flowering plant : Sun flower
Non-flowering plant : _______
Answer:
Riccial

Question 6.
Mango : Angiosperm
Cycas : _______
Answer:
Gymnosperm

Question 7.
Water lily : Fresh water habitat
Marine Algae : _______
Answer:
Marine water habitat

Question 8.
Rainfall 25 – 200 cm : Forest habitat
Rainfall below 25 cm : _______
Answer:
Desert habitat

Question 9.
Sweet Peas : Tendril Climber
Clitoria : _______
Answer:
Twiners

Question 10.
Leaves are modified into spines : Opuntia
Stem has sharp thorns : _______
Answer:
Bougainvillea

V. Match the following.

1. Tap root – (a) Grass
2. Aquatic plant – (b) Teak tree
3. Desert plant – (c) Neem
4. Grassland – (d) Opuntia
5. Terrestrial plant – (e) Water lily

Answer:

1. – (c)
2. – (e)
3. – (d)
4. – (a)
5. – (b)

VI. Short Answers.

Question 1.
What are the uses of plants?
Answer:
Plants are used as food, medicine, wood and shelter.

Question 2.
Classify plants on the basis of flowers.
Answer:
Plants can be classified into 2 on the basis of flowers

1. Non-flowering plants – Eg. Riccia
2. Flowering plants – Eg. Mango

Question 3.
What are the properties of root?
Answer:

1. Root lies below the surface of the soil.
2. It does not have nodes and intemodes.
3. It has a root cap at the tip.
4. Roots are positively geotropic in nature.

Question 4.
Notes on cactus.
Answer:

1. Cactus – desert plant ( where there is less or no rain fall)
2. Stem – store water
3. Leaves – modified to spines
4. Roots – well developed, go deep down into soil to get water.

Question 5.
Answer:

1. Shoot system is the aerial part of the plant body above the ground.
2. It consists of stem, leaves, flowers and fruits. .
3. It grows towards the sunlight.
4. It has nodes and intemodes.

Question 6.
List the functions of leaves.
Answer:

1. The green leaves prepare food by the process of photosynthesis.
2. They help in respiration
3. They carryout transpiration.

Question 7.
Classify the plants on the basis of (i) flower and (ii) position of seed.
Answer:
Based on flower:
They are classified into

1. Flowering plants
2. Non-flowering plants

Based on the position of seed :
They are classified into

1. Gymnosperms
2. Angiosperms

Question 8.
List the characters of aquatic plant.
Answer:
In aquatic plants, roots are very much reduced in size. Stem and leaves have air chambers that allow to float in the water.

Question 9.
Give some examples of fresh water habitat and marine water habitat plants.
Answer:
Fresh water habitat: Water hyacinth, water lily, lotus.
Marine water habitat: Marine Algae, Sea grasses, Marsh grass, Phytoplanktons.

Question 10.
Name the part which is modified into tendril in Sweet Peas and Bitter Gourd?
Answer:
In Sweet Peas : Leaflets are modified.
In Bitter Gourd : Axiliary buds are modified.

Question 11.
Define Thorns.
Answer:
Leaves of some plants become wholly or partially modified into sharp pointed structures called thorns or spines.

Question 12.
Name the part which is modified into Thorns or Spines in Agave, Opuntia and Bougainvillea.
Answer:
In Agave : The leaf apex and margins are modified into thorns.
In Opuntia : The leaves are modified into spines.
In Bougainvillea : The stem has sharp thorns.

VII. Long Answer.

Question 1.
Describe the Structure of Leaf.
Answer:

1. The leaf is a green, flat expanded structure.
2. It has a stalk called petiole.
3. The flat portion of the leaf is called leaf lamina or leaf blade.
4. On the lamina, there is a main vein called midrib.
   
5. The portion of the leaf connected in the nodal region of the stem is known as the leaf base.
6. The green colour is due to the presence of green coloured pigment called chlorophyll.
7. On the lower side of the leaf there are tiny pores or openings known as stomata.

Question 2.
Draw a diagram of a plant and label its parts.
Answer:

Students can Download English Poem 1 Indian Seasons Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 6th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf  helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 6th English Solutions Term 3 Poem Chapter 1 Indian Seasons

6th Standard Indian Season Poem Overview

B. Which season am I? Read the poem, understand and solve the riddle.

1. I make the feet dusty.
2. Frogs and toads will visit when I am there.
3. I am pretty short and sweet.
4. I make your garden smell sweet.
5. Leaves will wither because of me.

Answers:

1. Summer
2. Rainy
3. Spring
4. Spring
5. Autumn

6th Standard English Poem Indian Season Read and Understand

C. Read the tines and answer the questions given below.

1. Summer comes
in a blaze of heat with
sunny smiles
and dusty feet

Indian Seasons Poem Summary Question a.
Dots the poet welcome the summer? How do you know?
Answer:
Yes, the poet welcomes the summer because she says that summer comes with sunny smiles, making people cheerful.

Indian Seasons Poem Question b.
Which lines tells you that there is no rain in summer?
Answer:
‘Sunny smiles and dusty feet’ tells us that there is no rain in summer.

2. Spring is pretty
but short and sweet
when you can smell the grass
from your garden seat

Indian Seasons Poem Lines Question a.
How does the poet describe the spring season?
Answer:
The poet describes the spring season as pretty, short and sweet.

Indian Season Poem 6th Standard Question b.
Which line tells you that the garden is fresh?
Answer:
The line ‘when you can smell the grass from your garden seat’ tells us that the garden is fresh.

Indian Season Poem Question c.
Who does ‘you’ refer to?
Answer:
‘You’ refers to ‘the person who owns the garden’.

3. Autumn is English
in red, yellow and brown
Autumn is Indian
Whenever leaves fell down

Indian Season 6th Standard Poem Question a.
How Is autumn in India?
Answer:
Whenever the leaves fall down, it is autumn in India.

Indian Seasons Poem In English Question b.
Compare the English autumn with the Indian autumn.
Answer:
The leaves are beautiful with red, yellow and brown colours and the poet considers this to be English autumn. Whenever the leaves fall down, it is Indian autumn.

D. Pick out the rhyming words from the poem and write them In the table.

E. Find examples of alliteration and write them in the blanks.

1. In a blaze of heat
with sunny smiles
Answer:
sunny – smiles

2. to muddy roads
monsoons and mangoes
Answer:
monsoons – mangoes

3. Spring Is pretty
but short and sweet
Answer:
short – sweet

F. Work In pairs, find answers for the questions and share In the class.

Indian Seasons Book Back Answers Question 1.
Name the seasons mentioned In the poem?
Answer:
The seasons mentioned in the poem are summer, rainy, spring and autumn.

Indian Seasons Poem Questions And Answers Question 2.
What does the summer bring?
Answer:
The summer brings sunny smiles and dusty feet.

Poem Indian Seasons Question 3.
Which word refers to ‘rain’?
Answer:
The word ‘Monsoon’ refers to ‘rain’.

6th Standard Indian Season Poem Question 4.
Why does the poet say the ‘Spring Is pretty’?
Answer:
The spring is pretty because we can smell the freshness of grass from our garden.

Indian Seasons Poem By Nisha Dyrene Question 5.
When Is it autumn in India? Why does the poet say this? Is there an autumn season in India?
Answer:
When the leaves fall down, it is autumn in India. The poet says this because in India, leaves rarely change colours. Only when the trees shed their leaves, we know that it is autumn in India. Yes, there is an autumn season in India during the months of September, October and November.

G. How does the poet describe the Indian seasons? Write in your own words in about 50 words.
Answer:
The poet describes the Indian seasons vividly in a simple form. The sumer season starts with intense heat. It is like a bright flame or fire. It brings cheerfulness to people and makes their feet dusty. Then, the seasons change. Monsoons come in bringing muddy roads, ripe mangoes, leaping frogs and toads everywhere. Spring is pretty but short. It is also sweet because we can smell the freshness of green grass from our garden. The poet compares the autumn season in the West to India. Leaves change their colours into red, yellow and brown in the West, whereas the trees shed their leaves in India.

Indian Seasons Additional Questions

I. Poem Comprehension and Poetic Devices.

1. Then seasons change
to muddy roads
monsoons and mangoes
leapfrogs and toads

6th English Poem Indian Season Question a.
What Is the season mentioned here?
Answer:
Rainy season is mentioned here.

6th Standard English Poem Indian Season Question b.
Why are roads muddy?
Answer:
The roads become muddy because of heavy rains.

Question c.
What do you mean by the word ‘leap’?
Answer:
‘Leap’ means ‘jump’.

Question d.
Pick out the alliterated words in third line.
Answer:
‘monsoons and mangoes’are the alliterated words.

Indian Seasons Poem 6th Standard Paragraph Question.

Question 1.
What do you know about spring season? What does it symbolize? Write in your own words.
Answer:
Trees and bushes that lose their leaves over the winter, begin to grow new leaves again and also flower in spring. This happens because the temperature of the air and soil starts to warm up and the hours of daylight increase, as the days get longer with the coming of spring. Spring symbolizes new life. So plants start to grow again and flowers appear.

Indian Seasons Poem Summary By Nisha Dyrene

The poet Nisha Dyrene in this poem ‘Indian seasons’ describes the four seasons prevalent in India. The poem begins with the summer season starting with intense heat. It comes like a bright flame or fire. It brings cheerfulness to people and makes their feet dusty. Then the seasons change, after a certain period of time. The roads become muddy at the onset of monsoons, which is a rainy season. We can see ripe mangoes everywhere. The frogs play in the water and jump high, where as the toads hop happily.

Next comes the spring season which is pretty, but its duration is short. It is also sweet because you can smell fresh grass from your garden. The poet compares autumn in the West to autumn in India. She says when the leaves are red, yellow and brown, then it signifies autumn in the West. But when the leaves shed, it is autumn in India

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Samacheer Kalvi 11th Economics Introduction To Micro-Economics Text Book Back Questions and Answers

Part – A
Multiple Choice Questions

Samacheer Kalvi 11th Economics Solution Chapter 1 Question 1.
‘Economics is a study of mankind in the ordinary business of life’ -It is the statement of
(a) Adam Smith
(b) Lionel Robbins
(c) Alfred Marshall
(d) Samuelson
Answer:
(c) Alfred Marshall

11th Economics Chapter 1 Book Back Answers Question 2.
The basic problem studied in Economics is ……………………….
(a) Unlimited wants
(b) Unlimited means
(c) Scarcity
(d) Strategy to meet all our wants
Answer:
(c) Scarcity

11th Economics 1st Lesson Questions And Answers Question 3.
Microeconomics is concerned with
(a) The economy as a whole
(b) Different sectors of an economy
(c) The study of individual economic units behaviour
(d) The interactions within the entir e economy
Answer:
(c) The study of individual economic units behaviour

Samacheer Kalvi 11th Economics Guide Question 4.
Which of the following is a microeconomics statement?
(a) The real domestic output increased by 2.5 percent last year
(b) Unemployment was 9.8 percent of the labor force last year
(c) The price of wheat determines its demand
(d) The general price level increased by 4 percent last year
Answer:
(c) The price of wheat determines its demand

11th Economics 1st Lesson Question 5.
Find the odd one out:
(a) “An inquiry into the nature and the causes of the Wealth of Nations”
(b) “Principles of Economics”
(c) “Nature and Significance of Economic Science”
(d) “Ceteris paribus”
Answer:
(d) “Ceteris paribus”

11th Economics Samacheer Kalvi Question 6.
The equilibrium price is the price at which ……………………….
(a) Everything is sold
(b) Buyers spend their money
(c) Quantity demanded equals quantity supplied
(d) Excess demand is zero
Answer:
(c) Quantity demanded equals quantity supplied

11th Economics Chapter 1 Question 7.
Author of “An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of Wealth of Nations”
(a) Alfred Marshall
(b) Adam Smith
(c) Lionel Robbins
(d) Paul A Samuelson
Answer:
(d) Paul A Samuelson

Samacheer Kalvi Guru 11th Economics Question 8.
“Economics studies human behavior as a relationship between ends and scarce means which have alternative uses” is the definition of the economics of …………………………
(a) Lionel Robbins
(b) Adam Smith
(c) Alfred Marshall
(d) Paul A Samuelson
Answer:
(a) Lionel Robbins

Samacheer Kalvi 11th Economics Book Question 9.
Who is the Father of Economics?
(a) Max Muller
(b) Adam Smith
(c) Karl Marx
(d) Paul A Samuelson
Answer:
(b) Adam Smith

11th Economics Solutions Samacheer Kalvi Question 10.
“Economics is a science” The basis of this statement is …………………………
(a) Relation between cause and effect
(b) Use of deductive method and inductive method for the formations of laws
(c) Experiments
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(d) All of the above

11th Economics 1st Chapter Question Answer Question 11.
Utility means
(a) Equilibrium point at which demand and supply are equal
(b) Want-satisfying capacity of goods and services
(c) Total value of commodity
(d) Desire for goods and services
Answer:
(b) Want-satisfying capacity of goods and services

11th Economics Samacheer Kalvi Guide Question 12.
A market is ………………………
(a) Only a place to buy things
(b) Only a place to sell things
(c) Only a place where prices adjust
(d) A system where persons buy and sell goods directly or indirectly
Answer:
(d) A system where persons buy and sell goods directly or indirectly

Samacheer Kalvi 11th Economics Book Back Answers Question 13.
Which one of the following is not a point in the Welfare Definition of Economics?
(a) Study of an ordinary man
(b) Economics does not focus on wealth alone
(c) Economics is the study of material welfare
(d) Economics deals with unlimited wants and limited means
Answer:
(d) Economics deals with unlimited wants and limited means

11 Economics Samacheer Kalvi Question 14.
Growth definition takes into account ……………………….
(a) The problem of choice in the dynamic framework of Economics
(b) The problem of unlimited means in relation to wants
(c) The production and distribution of wealth
(d) The material welfare of human beings
Answer:
(a) The problem of choice in the dynamic framework of Economics

Samacheer Kalvi 11th Economics Question 15.
Which theory is generally included under microeconomics?
(a) Price Theory
(b) Income Theory
(c) Employment Theory
(d) Trade Theory
Answer:
(a) Price Theory

11th Economics 1st Chapter Question 16.
……………………….. have exchange value and their ownership rights can be established and exchanged.
(a) Goods
(b) Services
(c) Markets
(d) Revenue
Answer:
(a) Goods

11th Economics Chapter 1 Answers Question 17.
Identify the correct characteristics of utility
(a) It is equivalent to ‘usefulness’
(b) It has moral significance
(c) It is same as pleasure
(d) It depends upon consumer’s mental attitude
Answer:
(d) It depends upon consumer’s mental attitude

11 Th Samacheer Kalvi Economics Question 18.
Who has given a scarcity definition of economics?
(a) Adam Smith
(b) Marshall
(c) Robbins
(d) Robertson
Answer:
(c) Robbins

Economics Class 11 Samacheer Kalvi Question 19.
The process of reasoning from particular to general is
(a) Deductive method
(b) Inductive method
(c) Positive economics
(d) Normative economics
Answer:
(b) Inductive method

Question 20.
Total revenue is equal to total output sold multiplied by ………………………….
(a) Price
(b) Total cost
(c) Marginal revenue
(d) Marginal cost
Answer:
(a) Price

Part – B

Answer the following questions in one or two sentences

Economics Samacheer Kalvi Question 21.
What is meant by Economics?
Answer:
The term ‘Economics’ comes from oikonomikos which means ‘Management of households’. ‘Political Economy’ is renamed as ‘Economics’ by Alfred Marshall.

Economics Book Class 11 Samacheer Kalvi Question 22.
Define microeconomics?
Answer:

1. Microeconomics is the study of the economic actions of individual units say households, firms, or industries.
2. It studies how business firms operate under different market conditions.
3. The combined actions of buyers and sellers determine prices.
   • Microeconomics covers:
   • Value theory [product pricing and factor pricing]
   • Theory of economic welfare.

Economics Class 11 Chapter 1 Questions And Answers Question 23.
What are the goods?
Answer:
The materialistic things and services which satisfy human wants are called as goods in economics.

Samacheer Kalvi Economics Question 24.
Distinguish goods from services.
Answer:

Question 25.
Name any two types of utility?
Answer:

1. Time Utility: A sick man derives time utility from blood not at the time of its donation. but only at the operation – time, i.e., when it is used.
2. Place Utility: A student derives place utility from a book not at the place of its publication (production centre) but only at the place of his education (consumption centre).

Question 26.
Define positive economics.
Answer:
Positive economics deals with what it is, its means, it analyses a problem on the basis of facts and examines its causes.

Question 27.
Give the meaning of the deductive method?
Answer:

1. The deductive method is also named as an analytical or abstract method.
2. It consists in deriving conclusions from general truths.
3. It takes a few general principles and applies them to draw conclusions.
4. The classical and neoclassical school of economists notably, Ricardo, JS Mill, Malthus Marshall, Pigou applied the deductive method in their economic investigations.

Part – C

Answer the following questions in One Paragraph

Question 28.
Explain the scarcity definition of Economics and assess it.
Answer:
Lionel Robbins published a book “An Essay on the Nature and Significance of Economic Science”. In it, he defined “Economics is a science which studies human behavior as a relationship between ends and scarce means which have alternative uses”.
Assessment:

1. Robbins does not make any distinction between goods conducive to human welfare and goods that are not.
2. Economics deals not only with the microeconomic aspects but also with the macroeconomic aspects like how national income is generated. Robbins reduces economics merely to the theory of resource allocation.
3. Robbin’s definition does not cover the theory of economic growth and development.

Question 29.
What are the crucial decisions involved in ‘what to produce’?
Answer:
Every society much decides on what goods it will produce and how much of these it will produce.
In this process, the crucial decisions include:

1. Whether to produce more of food, clothing and housing or to have more luxury goods.
2. Whether to have more agricultural goods or to have industrial goods and services.
3. Whether to use more resources in education and health or to use more resources in military services.
4. Whether to have more consumption goods or to have investment goods.
5. Whether to spend more on basic education or higher education.

Question 30.
Explain different types of economic activities.
Answer:

1. Economics focuses on the behavior and interactions among economic agents, individuals, and groups in the economic system.
2. It deals with the consumption and production of goods and services and distribution of income among the factors of production.
3. It includes the activities of the rational human beings under the existing social, legal, and institutional arrangement.
4. It studies the way in which people use the available resources to satisfy their multiplicity of wants.

Question 31.
Elucidate different features of services?
Answer:
Along with goods, services are produced and consumed. They are generally, possess the following:

1. Intangible:

• Intangible things are not physical objects but exist in connection to other things for example, brand image, goodwill etc.
• The intangible things are converted and stored into tangible items such as recording a music piece into a pen – drive.

2. Heterogeneous:

• Services vary across regions or cultural backgrounds.
• A single type service yields multiple experiences, e.g., music, consulting physicians etc.

3. Inseparable from their makers:

• Services are inextricably connected to their makes. For example, labour and labourers are inseparable.

4. Perishable:

• Services cannot be stored as inventories like assets.
• For example, it is useless to possess a ticket for a cricket-match once the match is over.
• It cannot be stored and it has no value-in-exchange.

Question 32.
What are the important features of utility?
Answer:
Utility : Utility is the want satisfying power of a commodity or a service. Features of utility :

1. Utility is psychological.
2. Utility is not equivalent to usefulness.
3. Utility is not the same as pleasure.
4. Utility is personal and relative.
5. Utility is the function of the intensity of human want.
6. Utility is a subjective concept.
7. Utility has no ethical or moral significance.

Question 33.
Distinguish between microeconomics and macroeconomics
Answer:

Question 34.
Compare positive economics and normative economics.
Answer:
Positive economics deals with what it means, it analyses a problem on the basis of facts and examines its causes whereas, Normative economics responds to a question like what ought to be.

Positive Economics:

1. An increase in the money supply implies a price rise in an economy.
2. As the irrigation facilities and application of chemical fertilizers expand, the production of food – grains increases.
3. An increase in birth rate and a decrease in the death rate reflect the rate of growth of the population.

Normative Economics:

1. Inflation is better than deflation.
2. More production of luxury goods in not good for a less developed country.
3. Inequalities in the distribution of wealth and incomes should be reduced.

Part – D

Answer the following questions in about a page

Question 35.
Compare and contrast various definitions of Economics?
Answer:
1. Adam Smith – Wealth definition:

1. Adam Smith [1723 – 1790], in his book “An Inquiry into Nature and Cause of Wealth of Nations” [1776] defines “Economics as the science of wealth”
2. He explains how a nation’s wealth is created and increased.
3. He considers that the individual in the society wants to promote his own gain and in this process, he is guided and led by an “invisible hand”
4. Adam Smith favours the introduction of “division of labour” to increase the quantum of output.
5. Severe competition in factories and society helps in bettering the product.
6. Supply force is very active and a commodity is made available to the consumers at the lowest price.

2. Alfred Marshall – Welfare definition:

1. Alfred Marshall [1842 – 1924] in his book “Principles of Economics” [1890] defines Economics thus “Political Economy” or Economics is a study of mankind in the ordinary business of life.
2. It examines that part of individual and social action which is most closely connected with the attainment and with the use of the material requisites of well being.
3. Thus, it is on one side a study of wealth and on the other and more important side, a part of the study of man”.

The important features of Marshall’s definition are:

1. Economics does not treat wealth as the be all and end all of economic activities.
2. Man promotes primarily welfare and not wealth. ‘
3. The science of economics contains the concerns of ordinary people who are moved by love and not merely guided or directed by the desire to get maximum monetary benefit.
4. Economics is a social science. It studies people in the society who influence one another.

3. Lionel Robbins – Scarcity definition:

1. Lionel Robbins published a book “An Essay on the Nature and Significance of Economic Science” in 1932.
2. According to him, “Economics is a science which studies human behaviour as a relationship between ends and scarce means which have alternative uses”.

The major features of Robbins’ definition:

1. Ends refer to human wants. Human beings have unlimited number of wants.
2. On the other hand, resources or means that go to satisfy the unlimited human wants are limited or scarce in supply.
3. The scarce means are capable of having alternative uses.
4. An individual grades his wants and satisfies first his most urgent want.
5. Economics, according to Robbins, is a science of choice.

4. Samuelson’s – growth definition:
Paul Samuelson defines Economics as “the study of how men and society choose, with or without the use of money, to employ scarce productive resources which could have alternative uses to produce various commodities over time, and distribute them for consumption, now and in the future among various people and groups of society”.

The major implications of this definition are as follows:

• Samuelson makes his definition dynamic by including the element of time in it.
• Samuelson’s definition is applicable also in a barter economy.
• His definition covers various aspects like production, distribution and consumption.
• Samuelson treats Economics as a social science.
• Samuelson appears to be the most satisfactory.

Question 36.
Explain various steps of deductive and inductive methods.
Answer:
Steps of deductive method :

1. Should have clear and precise idea of the problem.
2. Definition of technical terms and assumptions.
3. Deducing hypothesis.
4. Verification of hypotheses

Steps of inductive method :

1. Data collection and arrangement.
2. By observing the data conclusions are drawn easily.
3. Generalization of data and hypothesis formulation.
4. Verification of hypothesis.

Question 37.
Elaborate the nature and scope of Economics.
Answer:
Explanation :
Nature of Economics :
The nature of a subject refers to its contents and how and why they find a place in the subject. This nature is understood by studying the various definitions given by Economists.
The nature of Economics can be clearly understood from the following definitions :

1. Adam Smith (classical Era) who considered Economics is a science of wealth gave wealth definition.
2. Alfred Marshall (Neo-classical era) considered Economics as a social science which studies wealth on one side and the material welfare of human beings on the other side.
3. Robbin’s Scarcity Definition (new age) He defined Economics is a science of choice.
4. Samuelson gave growth definition which represents the modern age.
5. The scope of economics refers to the subject matter of economics. It throws light on whether it is an art or a science and science, whether positive or normative science.

Economics: It’s the subject matter :

Related to socity:

1. Economics focuses on the behaviour and interactions among economic agents, individuals and groups belonging to an economic system.
2. It deals with the consumption and production of goods and services and the distribution of income among the factors of production.

Related to scarce resources :

1. Economics studies the ways in which people use the available resources to satisfy their multiplicity of wants.

Human science or Social science :

1. Economics is concerned with activities of human beings.
2. The action of one member affect those of the others in the society. Hence, economics is called a human science or social science.

Related to wealth :

1. Economics constitute all human activities related to wealth.
2. Human activities not related to wealth are not included in Economics.

Economics as an art:

1. Art is the practical application of knowledge for achieving particular goals.
2. Economics provides guidance to the solutions to all the economic problems.

Economics as a science :

1. Science is a systematic study of knowledge. Science develops the co-relation between cause and effect based on facts.
2. Economics examines the relationship between the cause and effect of the problems. Hence, it is rightly considered as both an art and a science.

Economics : Positive and Normative science:

1. Positive- Economics is concerned with how ? and why ? and normative Economics with ‘What ought to be’. Economics is both a positive and normative science.

Question 38.
Explain basic problems of the economy with the help of production possibility curve. Production possibility curve :
Answer:
The Problem of choice between relatively scarce commodities due to limited resources can be illustrated with the help of a geometric device, is known as production possibility curve

Basic problems of the Economy :

(i) The problem of choice :

1. The problem of choice arise because of the given limited resources and unlimited wants.
2. It may be related to the allocation of resources between people of different standards.
3. Since PPC is the locus of the combination of the goods the problem of choice will not arise.

(ii) The Notion of scarcity :

1. We can explain the notion of scarcity with the help of PPC.
2. Every society possesses only a specific amount of resources, which can produce only limited amount of output even with the help of best technology.
3. The PPC reflects the constraints imposed by the element of economic scarcity.

(iii) Solution of central problems :

1. The central problems of an economy can be explained with the help of PPC.
2. The solution for what to produce involves the decisionregarding the choice oflocation on the production possibility curves.
3. A production combination represented by any point inside the PPC indicates that the economy is using inefficient methods of production and combination of resources.

Samacheer Kalvi 11th Economics Introduction To Micro-Economics Additional Questions and Answers

Part – A

Choose the best options

Question 1.
In Economics, we make use of ………………………
(a) Deductive Method
(b) Inductive Method
(c) Both
(d) None
Answer:
(c) Both

Question 2.
Adam Smith wrote “Wealth of Nations” in
(a) 1723
(b) 1890
(c) 1776
(d) 1932
Answer:
(c) 1776

Question 3.
Who wrote the book “Principles of Economics” in 1890?
(a) Adam Smith
(b) Alfred Marshall
(c) Lionel Robbins
(d) Samuelson
Answer:
(b) Alfred Marshall

Question 4.
Lionell Robbins book, “An essay on the nature and significance of economic science” was published in
(a) 1932
(b) 1776
(c) 1723
(d) 1890
Answer:
(a) 1932

Question 5.
Production refers to the creation of ……………………….
(a) Price
(b) Market
(c) Cost
(d) Utilities
Answer:
(d) Utilities

Question 6.
is the unit of measurement of utility.
(a) Price
(b) Utils
(c) Consumption
(d) Human wants
Answer:
(b) Utils

Question 7.
Perishable goods are ………………………..
(a) Long Term Lived
(b) Short Term Lived
(c) Medium Term Lived
(d) Longer Life Time Lived
Answer:
(b) Short Term Lived

Question 8.
“The proportion of total expenditure incurred on food items declines as total expenditure goes on increasing” is
(a) Marshall’s law
(b) Adam Smith’s law
(c) Engel’s law
(d) Samuelson’s law
Answer:
(c) Engel’s law

Question 9.
……………………… The economy is the other name for economics.
(a) Wealth
(b) Welfare
(c) Scarcity
(d) Political
Answer:
(d) Political

Question 10.
Utility can be measured indirectly using the ‘Measuring rod of money’ is the statement of
(a) Adam Smith
(b) Samuelson
(c) Marshall
(d) Lionel Robbins
Answer:
(c) Marshall

Question 11.
……………………. goods don’t directly satisfy the consumer.
(a) Capital
(b) Consumer
(c) Free
(d) Economic
Answer:
(a) Capital

Match the following and choose the answer using the codes given below

Question 1.

(a) 3 4 2 1
(b) 1 2 3 4
(c) 4 2 3 1
(d) 2 4 3 1
Answer:
(a) 3 4 2 1

Question 2.

(a) 1 2 3 4
(b) 2 4 3 1
(c) 4 3 2 1
(d) 3 4 2 4
Answer:
(c) 4 3 2 1

Choose the correct statement

Question 3.
(a) Utility is equal to usefulness
(b) Utility is same as pleasure
(c) Utility is a objective concept
(d) Utility has no ethical or moral significance
Answer:
(d) Utility has no ethical or moral significance

Question 4.
(a) Consumption is the result of co-orindation of factors of production
(b) Macro Economics is the obverse of micro Economics
(c) Macro Economics is called as price theory
(d) production studies about the pricing of factors of production
Answer:
(b) Macro Economics is the obverse of micro Economics

Choose the incorrect pair

Question 5.

Answer:
(c) International Economics – Happiness index

Question 6.

Answer:
(d) Samuelson iv Old age

Choose the odd one out

Question 7.
(a) Form unity
(b) Place untility
(c) Time untility
(d) Total untility
Answer:
(d) Total untility

Question 8.
(a) Net economic
(b) Wealth defination
(c) welfare defination
(d) scarcity defination
Answer:
(a) Net economic

Choose the correct pair

Question 9.

Answer:
(b) Health economics (ii) Drug price control

Question 10.

Answer:
(b) Utils (ii) Marshall

Choose the incorrect statement

Question 11.
(a) Macro economics is concerned with the economy as a whole
(b) Micro economics is the study of economic actions of individual units
(c) Health economics is an area of applied economics
(d) International economics analyse the inter relationship between economy and environment.
Answer:
(d) International economics analyse the inter relationship between economy and environment.

Question 12.
(a) Economics is an art – A.C. Pigou, Marshall
(b) Economics is a science – Robbins, Jordan
(c) Economic laws are statement of tendencies – Adam Smith
(d) Political economy is said to have strangled itself with definitions – Keynes
Answer:
(c) Economic laws are statement of tendencies – Adam Smith

Analyse the reason for the following

Question 13.
Assertion (A) : Deductive method derives conclusions from general truth.
Reason (R) : Hypotheses can be verified through direct observation and statistical methods
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true, (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(c) (A) is true , (R) is false.
(d) Both (A) and (R) are false.
Answer:
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)

Question 14.
Assertion (A) : In every society certain choices have to be made.
Reason (R) : Resources are always scarce but wants are numerous.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true, (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(c) (A) is true , (R) is false.
(d) (A) is false (R) is true.
Answer:
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true, (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

Fill in the blanks with the suitable option given below

Question 15.
The value of goods expressed in money terms is
(a) Revenue
(b) Market
(c) Price
(d) Cost
Answer:
(c) Price

Question 16.
Alfred Marshall wrote “Principles of Economics” in
(a) 1776
(b) 1932
(c) 1723
(d) 1890
Answer:
(d) 1890

Question 17.
______ is the assumption in economics that makes the economic laws hypothetical
(a) Other things remaining the same
(b) Time remaining the same
(c) Money remaining the same
(d) Wants to remain the same
Answer:
(a) Other things remaining the same

Choose the best option

Question 18.
Examples for perishable goods
(a) Television, furniture
(b) Table, chair
(c) Fish, fruits, flowers
(d) Vehicles, capital goods
Answer:
(c) Fish, fruits, flowers

Question 19.
The proportion of total expenditure incurred food items declines as total expenditure goes on increasing is
(a) Marshall’s law
(b) Samuelson’s law
(c) Adam smith’s law
(d) Engel’s law
Answer:
(d) Engel’s law

Question 20.
Utility can be measured indirectly using the ‘Measuring rod of money’ is the statement of
(a) Marshall
(b) Samuelson
(c) Robbins
(d) Frisch
Answer:
(a) Marshall

Part – B

Answer the following questions in one or two sentences

Question 1.
What is scarcity?
Answer:
Scarcity is the gap between what people want and what they are able to get.

Question 2.
Define normative economics?
Answer:

1. Inflation is better than deflation.
2. More production of luxury goods is not good for a less-developed country.
3. Inequalities in the distribution of wealth and incomes should be reduced.

Question 3.
Explain Value.
Answer:
Value is the power of a commodity to command other commodities in exchange.

Question 4.
What is Income?
Answer:
Income is the amount of monetary or other returns, either earned or unearned, accruing over a period of time.

Question 5.
Give the meaning of the Inductive method.
Answer:
Induction is a process in logic facilitative or arriving at an inference, moving from particular to the general.

Question 6.
What are the kinds of goods?
Answer:

1. Consumer goods
2. Capital goods
3. Perishable goods
4. Durable goods

Part – C

Answer the following questions in One Paragraph

Question 1.
What are the four definitions of economics?
Answer:
Based on the particular stage of the growth of the subject of economics, the four definitions are presented here.

1. Smith’s wealth definition, representing the classical era.
2. Marshall’s welfare definition, representing the Neo-classical era.
3. Robbin’s scarcity definition representing the new age.
4. Samuelson’s growth definition representing the modern age.

Question 2.
Explain the steps of the deductive method?
Answer:
Steps of deductive method:

• Step 1: The analyst must have a clear and precise idea of the problem to be inquired into.
• Step 2: The analyst clearly defines the technical terms used in the analysis. Further, assumptions of the theory are to be precise.
• Step 3: Deduce hypothesis from the assumptions taken.
• Step 4: Hypotheses should be verified through direct observation of events in the real world and through statistical methods. [e.g.] There exists an inverse relationship between price and quantity demanded of a good.

Question 3.
Whether economics is an art or science ? Explain.
Answer:
1. Economics as an art:
Art is the practical application of knowledge for achieving particular goals. Economics provides guidance to the solutions to all the economic problems.
A.C. Pigou, Alfred Marshall and others regard economics as an art.

2. Economics as a science :
Science is a systematic study of knowledge. Science develops the co-relation between cause and effect based on facts.
Economics examines the relationship between the cause and effect of the problems. Hence, it is rightly considered as both an art and a science.

Question 4.
State the importance of microeconomics.
Answer:

1. To understand the operation of an economy.
2. To provide tools for economic policies.
3. To examine the condition of economic welfare.
4. Efficient utilization of resources.
5. Useful in international trade.
6. Useful in decision making.
7. Optimal resource allocation.
8. The basis for prediction.
9. Price determination.

Question 5.
What are the methods of economic analysis ?
Answer:
There are two types of methods used in economics.
i. Deductive Method :

1. It is also named as analytical or abstract method.
2. It is a process in logic facilitating or arriving at an inference, moving from general to particular.
3. It consists in deriving conclusions from general truths.

ii. Inductive method :
Inductive method is also called as empirical method. It involves the process of reasoning from particular facts to general principle. In this method, economic generalizations are derived based on

1. Experimentations
2. Observations
3. Statistical methods

Alfred Marshall has rightly remarked “Inductive and Deductive methods are both needed for scientific thought as the right and left foot are both needed for walking”

Part – D

Answer the following questions in about a page

Question 1.
Explain the production possibility curve with a diagram.
The problem of choice between relatively scarce commodities can be illustrated with a help of a geometric device known as the production possibility curve.
Assumptions :
The analysis of the production possibility curve is based on certain assumptions :

1. The time period remains constant.
2. Techniques of production are fixed.
3. Only two goods can be produced from the given resources.
4. There is full employment in the economy.
5. Resources of production are fully mobile.
6. The factors of production are given in quantity and quality.
7. The law of diminishing returns operates in production.

Production possibility schedule :

Explanation :
The above schedule suggests that if all resources are used for food production a maximum of 500 tons of food can be produced, given the existing technology. Instead, if all resources are used for producing cars, 25 cars can be produced. In between these two extreme possibilities exist, if we are willing to give up some food, we can have some cars.

Diagram Explanation :

• The quantity of food is shown on the x-axis and the number of cars on the y-axis.
• Six different production possibilities P₁, P₂, P₃, P₄, P₅, P₆ are shown.
• Point outside the curve P cannot be attained due to limited resources.
• A point inside the curve P₇ can be attained but at these points, resources are not fully employed

Question 2.
What are the basic economic problems?
Answer:
Basic economics problems:

1. If resources are abundant and wants are so few, then there would be no economic problem.
2. But this situation can never exist.
3. Resources are always scarce and our wants are numerous.

Hence in every society certain choices have to be made.

The Economic Problem:

1. Wants, desires; unlimited
2. Resources: Scarce – Not freely available
3. Economic choice
4. Economics – How people use scarce resources to satisfy unlimited wants.

What and how much to produce?

1. Every society must decide on what goods it will produce and how much of these it will produce.

In this process, the crucial decisions include:

1. Whether to produce more of food, clothing and housing or to have more luxury goods.
2. Whether to have more agricultural goods or to have industrial goods and services.
3. Whether to use more resources in education and health or to use more resources in military services.
4. Whether to have more consumption goods or to have investment goods.
5. Whether to spend more on basic education or higher education.

How to produce?

1. Every society has to decide whether it will use labor-intensive technology on capital intensive technology; that is whether to use more labour and less more machines and vice versa.

For whom to produce?

1. Every society must also decide how its produce be distributed among the different sections of the society.
2. It must also decide who gets more and who gets less.
3. It should also decide whether or not a minimum amount of consumption be ensured for everyone in the society.
4. Due to the scarcity of resources, a society faces the compulsion of making choice among alternatives.
5. It face the problem of allocating the scare resources to the production of different possible goods and services and of distributing the produced goods and services among individuals within the economy.

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Samacheer Kalvi 7th Social Science The Mughal Empire Textual Evaluation

I. Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
Who introduced the Persian style of architecture in India?
(a) Humayun
(b) Babur
(c) Jahangir
(d) Akbar
Answer:
(b) Babur

Question 2.
In which battle did Akbar defeat Rana Pratap?
(a) Panipat
(b) Chausa
(c) Haldighati
(d) Kanauj
Answer:
(c) Haldighati

Question 3.
Whose palace in Delhi was destroyed by Sher Shah?
(a) Babur
(b) Humayun
(c) Ibrahim Lodi
(d) Alam Khan
Answer:
(b) Humayun

Question 4.
Who introduced Mansabdari system?
(a) Sher Sha
(b) Akbar
(c) Jahangir
(d) Shah Jahan
Answer:
(b) Akbar

Question 5.
Who was the revenue minister of Akbar?
(a) Birbal
(b) Raja Bhagwan Das
(c) RajaTodarmal
(d) Raja Man Singh
Answer:
(b)Raja Todarmal

II. Fill In the Blanks

1. _______ was the name of the horse of Rana Pratap.
2. _______ was a hall at FatehpurSikri where scholars of all religions met for a discourse.
3. The Sufi saint who received Akbar’s utmost respect was _______
4. During the reign of _______ the Zabti system was extended to the Deccan provinces.
5. _______ were tax-free lands given to scholars and religious institutions.

Answers:

1. Chetak
2. Ibadatkhana
3. Salim Chishti
4. Shah Jahan
5. Suyurghal

III. Match the following

Question 1.

1. Babur – Ahmednagar
2. Durgavati – Jaipur
3. Rani Chand Bibi – Akbar
4. Din Ilahi – Chanderi
5. Raja Man Singh – Central Province

Answer:

1. Babur – Chanderi
2. Durgavati – Central Province
3. Rani Chand Bibi – Ahmednagar
4. Din Ilahi – Akbar
5. Raja Man Singh – Jaipur

IV. True or False

1. Babur inherited Farghana, a small kingdom in Central Asia.
2. Humayun succeeded in recapturing Delhi in 1565.
3. Aurangzeb married a girl of a notable Rajput family.
4. Jahangir ordered execution of Sikh leader Guru Arjun for helping his son Khusrau.
5. During Aurangzeb’s reign, architecture received much patronage.

Answers:

1. True
2. False
3. False
4. True
5. False

V. Consider the following statements. Tick (✓) the appropriate answer.

Question 1.
Assertion (A): The British established their first factory at Surat.
Reason (R): Jahangir granted trading rights to the English.
(a) R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is wrong and R is correct.
(d) (A) and (R) are wrong.
Answer:
(a) R is the correct explanation of A

Question 2.
Assertion (A): Aurangzeb’s intolerance towards other religions made him unpopular among people.
Reason (R): Aurangzeb re-imposed the jizya and pilgrim tax on the Hindus.
(a) R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is wrong and R is correct.
(d) (A) and (R) are wrong.
Answer:
(a) R is the correct explanation of A

Question 3.
Find out the correct statements
(i) Kamran was the son of Afghan noble, Hasan Suri, ruler of Sasaram in Bihar.
(ii) Akbar abolished the jizya poll tax on non-Muslims and the tax on Hindu pilgrims.
(iii) Aurangzeb acceded the throne after killing his three brothers.
(iv) Prince Akbar entered into a pact with Shivaji’s son Shambuji in the Deccan.
(a) (I), (II) and (III) are correct
(b) (II), (III) and (IV) are correct
(c) (I), (III) and (IV) are correct
(d) (II), (III), (IV) and (I) are correct
Answer:
(b) (II), (III) and (IV) are correct

Question 4.
Arrange the battles in chronological order

1. Battle of Khan wa
2. Battle of Chausa
3. Battle of Kanauj
4. Battle of Chanderi

Answer:

1. Battle of Khanwa (1527)
2. Battle of Chanderi (1528)
3. Battle of Chausa (1539)
4. Battle of Kanauj (1540)

Question 5.
Arrange the following administrative divisions in descending order

1. Sarkars
2. Parganas
3. Subhas

Answer:

1. Subhas
2. Sarkars
3. Parganas

Match the lather and son

Answer:

VI. Give short answer

Question 1.
Write the circumstance that led to the Battle of Panipat in 1526.
Answer:
Babur did not have any ambition beyond Punjab till 1524. Then a greater opportunity came knocking. Dilawar Khan, who was Daulat Khan Lodi’s son, and Alam Khan, who was the uncle of Sultan of Delhi, arrived in Kabul to seek Babur’s help in removing Ibrahim Lodi from power. Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi in the famous Battle of Panipat in 1526.

Question 2.
Mention the Humayun recapture the Delhi throne in 1555.
Answer:
Sher Shah defeated Humayun at Chausa (1539) and again at Kanauj (1540). Humayun, defeated and overthrown, had to flee to Iran. With the help of the Persian ruler Shah Tahmasp of the Safavid dynasty, Humayun succeeded in recapturing Delhi in 1555.

Question 3.
Write a note on Mansabdari system.
Answer:
Akbar introduced the Mansabdari system. According to this system, the nobles, civil and military officials were combined to form one single service. Everyone in the service was given a mansab, meaning a position or rank. A Mansabdar was a holder of such a rank. Mansabdar rank was dependent on Zat and Sawar.

VII. Answer the following

Question 1.
Describe the land revenue administration of the Mughals.
Answer:
Land Revenue Administration:
(i) Land revenue administration was toned up during the reign of Akbar. Raja Todar Mai, Revenue Minister of Akbar, adopted and refined the system introduced by Sher Shah.

(ii) According to Zabt system, after a survey, lands were classified according to the nature and fertility of the soil. The share of the state was fixed at one-third of

(iii) the average produce for 10 years.

(iv) The Mughal emperors enforced the old iqta system, renaming it jagir. It is a land tenure system developed during the period of Delhi Sultanate. Under the . system, the collection of the revenue of an area and the power of governing

(v) it were bestowed upon a military or civil official now named Jagirdar.

(vi) Every Mansabdar was a Jagirdar if he was not paid in cash. The Jagirdar collected the revenue through his own officials.

(vii) Those appointed to collect the revenue from the landholders were called zamindars. Zamindars collected taxes and maintained law and order with the help of Mughal officials and soldiers.

(viii) The local chieftains and little kings were also called zamindars.

Question 2.
Estimate Akbar as a patron of learning.
Answer:
(i) Akbar was a great patron of learning. His personal library had more than four thousand manuscripts.

(ii) He patronised scholars of all beliefs and all shades of opinions.

(iii) He extended his benevolence to authors such as Abul Fazl, Abul Faizi and Abdur Rahim Khan-i-Khanan, the great storyteller Birbal, competent officials like Raja Todar Mai, Raja Bhagwan Das and Raja Man Singh.

(iv) The great composer and musician Tansen and artist Daswant adorned Akbar’s court as well.

VIII. HOTs

Question 1.
Shah Jahairs time witnessed the climax of Mughal splendour. Support this statement in comparison with the times of other Mughal rulers.
Answer:
(i) The famous peacock throne, covered with expensive jewels, was made during Shah Jahan’s time for the emperor to sit on. The world famous Taj Mahal, the Moti Masjid, the pearl mosque at Agra, the Jama Masjid of Delhi, the Diwan-i- Khas and Diwan – i Am in his palace exhibit his taste for Art and Architecture.

(ii) Babur built many structures at Agra, Biana, Dholpur, Gwalior and Kiul in Persian style of Architecture.

(iii) Sher shah built a mausoleum at Sasaram. Diwan-i-khas, Diwan-i-Am, Panch Mahal Rang Mahal, Salim Chishti’s tomb and Buland Darwaza were built during Akbar’s time.

(iv) Jahangir completed Akbar’s tomb at Sikandara and the beautiful building containing the tomb of Itmad-ud-daula, at Agra.

(v) During Aurangzeb’s reign, architecture did not receive much patronage.

Map

Mark the extent of Mughal Empire during the reign of Akbar and Aurangzeb with special focus on important battle fields.
Answer:

IX. Activity
Collect information about the scholars in Akbar’s court and conduct a mock llxiikitfi khana in the class.
Answer:
Scholars of Akbar’s court:

Tansen – Renowned Singer
Fakir Aziao Din – Religious Advisor and Minister
Faizi – Minister of education
Mulla – Do – Piyaza – Minister of affairs
Raja Birbal – Minister of foreign affairs
Raja Todar Mai – Finance Minister
Abu’l Fazl ibn Mubarak – Grand Vizier

Samacheer Kalvi 7th Social Science The Mughal Empire Additional Questions

I. Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
______ was the founder of the Mughal Empire in India.
(a) Humayun
(b) Babur
(c) Akbar
(d) Sher Shah
Answer:
(b) Baburl

Question 2.
Babur inherited ______ a small kingdom in central Asia.
(a) Farghana
(b) Chanderi
(c) Agra
(d) Delhi
Answer:
(a) FarghanaI

Question 3.
Babur led his first expedition towards ______
(a) Kabul
(b) China
(c) India
(d) Turkey
Answer:
(c) India

Question 4.
Babur chose his eldest son, ______ as his heir.
(a) Akbar
(b) Sher Shah
(c) Jahangir
(d) Humayun
Answer:
(d) Humayun

Question 5.
______ started the rule of Sur dynasty at Agra.
(a) Shah Jahan
(b) Muhammad Shah
(c) Akbar
(d) Slier Shah
Answer:
(d) Sher Shah

Question 6.
The memory of the gallant Rajput, ______ is treasured in Rajputara.
(a) Rana Pratap
(b) Rana Uday Singh
(c) Prithiviraj Chauhan
(d) Rana Sanga
Answer:
(a) Rana Pratap

Question 7.
Akbar sent ______ of Jaipur as governor of Kabul once.
(a) Rana Pratap
(c) Raja Man Singh
(c) Raja Todarmal
(d) Rana Sanga
Answer:
(b) Raja Man Singh

Question 8.
______ after as struggle for power, succeeded Jahangir.
(a) Akbar
(b) Aurangazeb
(c) Humayun
(d) Shah Jahan
Answer:
(d) Shah Jahan

Question 9.
______ assumed the title Alamgir (the conqueror of the world).
(a) Babur
(b) Akbar
(c) Aurangazeb
(d) Humayun
Answer:
(c) Aurangazeb

Question 10.
Shivaii proclaimed himself the ‘Emperor of Maratha’ state in ______
(a) 1674
(b) 1754
(c) 1685
(d) 1690
Answer:
(a) 1674

Question 11.
The towns and cities were administered by ______ during the Mughal administration.
(a) Subedar
(b) Kotwal
(c) Sarkar
(d) Wakil
Answer::
(b) Kotwal

Question 12.
______ were conferred hereditary rights over Zamin.
(a) Kotwals
(b) Subedars
(c) Zamindars
(d) Sarkars
Answer:
(c) Zamindars

Question 13.
The famous monument of Sher Shah’s reign was his mausoleum built at ______ in Bihar.
(a) Gaya
(b) Patna
(c) Nalanda
(d) Sasaram
Answer:
(d) Sasaram

Question 14.
The world famous Taj Mahal is by the side of the river .
(a) Ganga
(b) Jumna
(c) Brahmaputra
(d) Indus
Answer:
(b) Jumna

Question 15.
The Bibi Ka Maqbara in Aurangabad was built by Prince
(a) Akbar
(b) Humayun
(c) Babur
(d) Azam Shah
Answer:
(d) Azam Shah

II. fill in the blanks

1. Babur was the great grandson of ______.
2. Zahir-ud-din means ______
3. Mughal dynasty came to be established in India with ______ as its capital.
4. Humayun’s trusted general ______ became the regent and ruled on behalf of Akbar.
5. ______ a general of sur dynasty, captured Agra and Delhi in 1556.
6. Bairam Khan killed Hemu in the ______.
7. Jahangir’s wife Mehr-un-nisa known as ______ was the real power behind the throne.
8. ______, a representative of Kind James I of England, visited Jahangir’s court.
9. ______ maintained law and order in the Mughal Administration.
10. ______ was the number of horses and horsemen, a Mansabdar had to maintain.
11. In Akbar’s court, the ______ missionaries were great favourites.

Answers:

1. Timur
2. Defender of faith
3. Agra
4. Bairam Khan
5. Hemu
6. Second battle of Panipat
7. Nur Jahan
8. Thomas Roe
9. Kotwalsi
10. Sawar
11. Portuguese

III. Match the following

1. Wakil – (a) In-charge of the army
2. Wazir – (b) Chief judge
3. Mir Bhakshi – (c) Prime Minister
4. Mir Saman – (d) In-charge of revenue
5. Qazi – (e) Royal house hoed

Answers:

1. – c
2. – d
3. – a
4. – e
5. – b

IV. State true or false

1. Babur was driven out form Farghana by Uzbeks.
2. Kamran, Hindal and Askari were the brothers of Akbar.
3. The fight Rani chand Bibi put up impressed Mughal Army.
4. The Sikh shrine Haramandir Sahib was built in Amritsar.
5. The Mansabdars were paid low salary by the Emperor.

Answers:

1. True
2. False
3. True
4. True
5. False

V. Considerthe following statements Tick (✓) the appropriate answer:

Question 1.
Assertion (A) : Bairam khan was murdered in Gujarat, allegedly at the instance of Hemu.
Reason (R) : Akbar could not tolerate his dominance in day-to-day governance of the kingdom.
(a) R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) A is wrong and R is correct
(c) A and R are wrong
(d) A is not the correct explanation of A
Answer:
(b) A is wrong and R is correct

Question 2.
Find out the correct statements.
i. Akbar was succeeded by Prince Salim, his son through a Rajput wife.
ii. The toleration of religious of Akbar’s time continued in Shah Jahan’s time.
iii. Aurangazeb suppressed the revolt of Bundelas Jats, Satnamis and sikhs.
iv. In the Mughal administration, Sadr-us-Sudr was the minister of Finance.
(a) i, ii and iv are correct
(b) i and iii are correct
(c) ii and iv are correct
(d) i and ii are correct
Answer:
(b) i and iii are correct

Question 3.
Match the pairs (Akbar’s invasion).
(a) Fort of Chittoor – i. 1576
(b) Ranthambore – ii. 1568
(c) Battle of Haldighati – iii. 1569
Answer::
a – ii, b – iii, c – i

VI. Give short Answers

Question 1.
Where did Babur record his impressions about Hindustan?
Answer:
Babur recorded his impressions about Hindustan, its animals, plants and trees, flowers and fruits in his autobiography Tuzuk-i-Baburi.

Question 2.
Write a few sentences about the reign of Sher Shah.
Answer:
Sher Shah introduced an efficient land revenue system. He built many roads, and standardised coins, weights and measures.

Question 3.
Why was Akbar’s defeat of Rani Durgavati hot appreciated?
Answer:

1. Akbars defeat of Rani Durgavati, a ruler in the Central Province, is not appreciated, since the brave Rani did him no harm.
2. Yet larged by his ambition to build an empire, Akbar had no consideration for the good nature of the ruler.

Question 4.
How did Akbar establish commercial access to Arabia, Southeast Asia and China?
Answer:

1. Akbar’s conquest of Gujarat helped him to establish control over Gujarat’s overseas trade with the Arabs and the Europeans.
2. Akbar’s military campaigns in East Bihar and Odisha and victory over Bengal facilitated access to Southeast Asia and China.

Question 5
Write a brief account of Akbar’s military campaigns in the Northwest.
Answer:

1. Akbar added Kandahar, Kashmir and Kabul to the Mughal Empire. His battles in the Deccan led to the annexation of Berar, Khandesh and parts of Ahmednagar.
2. Under Akbar, the Mughal Empire extended from Kashmir in the north to Godavari in the south, and from Kandahar in the west to Bengal in the east.

Question 6.
Why did the Mughals had to lost control over the trade routes to Afghanistan? Persia and Central Asia?
Answer:

1. Jahangir ordered the execution of Sikh leader Guru Aijun (or Arjan) for helping his rebellious son Khusrau, who contested for the throne.
2. This resulted in a prolonged fight between the Sikhs and the Mughals.
3. As a result of this confrontation, the Mughals had to lose control over the trade routes to Afghanistan, Persia and Central Asia.

Question 7.
Why was there a sustained resistance from Marathas in the Deccan to the Mughal?
Answer:
Some Maratha warriors, notably Shahji Bhonsle (Shivaji’s father), entered the services of the Deccan kingdoms and trained bands of Maratha soldiers to fight against the Mughals. So there was a sustained resistance in the Deccan to the Mughals from the Marathas too.

Question 8.
Narrate the circumstances under with Aurangzeb become the ruler.
Answer:

1. Aurangzeb, the last of the Great Mughals, started off his reign by imprisoning his old father.
2. He assumed the title Alamgir (the Conqueror of the World). He reigned for 48 years.
3. He was no lover of art like his grandfather Jahangir and architecture like his father Shah Jahan.

Question 9.
Why did Aurangzeb march to the Deccan in 1689?
Answer:
Aurangzeb’s rebellious son, Prince Akbar, joined the forces of Rajputs and created troubles to him. Prince Akbar entered into a pact with Shivaji’s son Shambuji in the Deccan. So Aurangzeb had to march to the Deccan in 1689.

Question 10.
Name the places where the British established their trade centres.
Answer:
The British established their trade centres at Madras (Chennai), Calcutta (Kolkata) and Bombay (Mumbai).

Question 11.
Describe the local administration of the Mughals.
Answer:
The towns and cities were administered by kotwals. Kotwals maintained law and order. The administration of villages was left in the hands of local village panchayats (informal institution of justice in villages). The Panchayatdars (jury) dispensed justice.

Question 12.
Write a short note on Mansabdars.
Answer:
(i) A mansabdar was a holder of a rank. Mansabdar rank was dependent on Zat and Sawar. Mansabdar’s salary was fixed on the basis of the number of soldiers each Mansabdar received ranging from 10 to 10,000.

(ii) The Mansabdars were paid high salary by the Emperor. Before receiving the salary, a Mansabdar has to present his horsemen for inspection. Their horses were branded to prevent theft.

Question 13.
Name the famous buildings of Akbar’s time.
Answer:
The Diwan-i-Khas, Diwan-i-Am, Panch Mahal (pyramidal structure in five stories), Rang Mahal, Salim Chishti’s Tomb and Buland Darwaza were built during Akbar’s time.

Question 14.
Write a short note on Red Fort.
Answer:
Red Fort, also called Lai Qila, in Delhi was the residence of the Mughal emperors. Constructed in 1639 by Emperor Shah Jahan as the palace of his fortified capital Shajahanabad. The Red Fort is named for its massive enclosing walls of red sandstone.

VII. Answer the following

Question 1.
Given an account of the Religious policy of Akbar.
Answer:

1. The Mughal emperors were the followers of islam. Akbar was very liberal in his religious policy.
2. In Akbar’s court, the Portuguese missionaries were great favourites.
3. Akbar tried to include the good principles in all religions and formulated them into one single faith caftxl Din-I-Ilahi (divine faith).
4. Ja.hpgir and Shah Jahan also followed the policy ofAkbar. Aurangzeb rejected the liberal views of his predecessors.
5. As we pointed out earlier, he re-imposed the jizya and pilgrim tax on the Hindus. His intolerance towards other religions made him unpopular among the people.

VIII. HOTS

Question 1.
Name a few famous monuments built during Mughal rule in Delhi.
Answer:
Alai Darwaza, Red Fort, Qutub Minar, Safdarjung tomb, Humayun’s tomb, Isa Khan’s tomb.

Students can Download Lesson 3 When Instinct Works Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 8th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf Supplementary Chapter 3 helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 8th English Solutions Term 1 Supplementary Chapter 3 When Instinct Works

A. Comprehension.

When Instinct Works Summary Question 1.
Choose the best option

When Instinct Works Question 1.
The season mentioned in the lesson is _________
(a) spring
(b) autumn
(c) summer
(d) winter
Answer:
(b) autumn

When Instinct Works Book Back Answers Question 2.
In one low part of the road the _________was halfway up to black beauty’s knees.
(a) the river
(b) dust
(c) water
(d) leaves
Answer:
(c) water

When Instinct Works Question Answer Question 3.
The bridge was broken in the _________
(a) front
(b) rear
(c) middle
(d) up
Answer:
(c) middle

8th English When Instinct Works Question 4.
The instinct in _________had often saved the lives of men.
(a) girls
(b) animals
(c) birds
(d) boys
Answer:
(b) animals

When Instinct Works 8th Std Question 5.
Black beauty dared not move even to the sharp snap of the _________
(a) stick
(b) thread
(c) whip
(d) kick
Answer:
(c) whip

When Instinct Works Summary In Tamil Question 2.
Match the following.

Answer:

1. d
2. e
3. a
4. b
5. c

When Instinct Works Theme Question 3.
Fill in the blanks.

1. Just then, the man at the ______ on the other side ran out, ______ a torch.
2. Even when John tried to ______ him forward Beauty did not move.
3. We were saved because Beauty had known that something was ______ with the bridge.
4. Suddenly an ______ tree came crashing down and fell right in front of us.
5. He told that the bridge had just broken due to the ______
6. As we went through the wood, the ______ of the trees were swaying and making a rushing sound.
7. A little later, when we reached the bridge Beauty came to a ______
8. When we started back from the town, it was late in the ______ The wind was much ______
9. John said we must go back to the ______ find another way to the wooden
10. Oh! What a good ______ he gave me that night. And then a really thick

Answer:

1. toll gate; flashing
2. lean
3. wrong
4. oak
5. flood
6. branches; terrible
7. sudden stop
8. afternoon; stronger
9. cross ways; bridge
10. Supper; bed of straw

When Instinct Works Mind Map Question 4.
Based on your understanding of the story write the answers for the following questions in a sentence or two. .

When Instinct Works Lesson Plan Question 1.
Did Black Beauty like to pull the cart?
Answer:
Yes, Black Beauty liked to pull the cart, as it was very light and the high wheels rolled along so smoothly.

When Instinct Works Summary In English Question 2.
How was the weather?
Answer:
The weather was very windy and the dry leaves blew across the road. There had been a great deal of rain.

When Instinct Works In Tamil Question 3.
Describe the bridge.
Answer:
The low wooden bridge had sturdy rails on both sides. As the river banks were fairly high, the bridge went across just level.

When Instinct Works Story In Tamil Question 4.
What was the alternate plan suggested by John to reach the wooden bridge?
Answer:
The alternate plan suggested by John to reach the wooden bridge was to go back to four cross ways.

When Instinct Works Theme Question 5.
Why was Black Beauty reluctant to cross the bridge?
Answer:
The moment Black Beauty’s feet touched the ground which was the first part of the bridge, the horse sensed something was wrong. So it was reluctant to cross the

When Instinct Works Mind Map Question 5.
Write the answers for the following questions in 100 words.

When Instinct Works Lesson Plan Question 1.
What did the man at the toll gate on the other side tell them?
Answer:
The man told them that the bridge was broken in the middle. Part of it had been carried away by the flood. If they proceed, they will be drowned in the river.

When Instinct Works Summary In English Question 2.
Was Black Beauty afraid to cross the bridge?
Answer:
No, Black Beauty was not afraid to cross the bridge. But it knew that there was some problem and the bridge was not safe to cross.

When Instinct Works In Tamil Question 3.
What did John think about human’s attitude on animals?
Answer:
John thought many people did not take very good care of their animals or make friends with them as they should do. According to John, such attitude of human should be changed. Master told John that God had given animals a special knowledge and quicker to respond to danger. This instinct in animals, the Master continued, had often saved the lives of men. John had many stories to tell of dogs and horses, and the wonderful ways the animals had saved the lives of people.

When Instinct Works Story In Tamil Questions 4.
What would have happened to all the three if Black Beauty had not been wiser?
Answer:
It Black beauty had not been wiser, all the three would have been drowned at the wooden bridge.

Question 5.
Where did John take Black Beauty and what did he give her?
Answer:
John took black beauty to the stable. He gave her a good supper and a thick bed of straw to relax.

Question 6.
How will you take care of your pet? Write about in fifty words.
Answer:
I will take care of my pet dog by providing it with a protected and clean living environment. I always keep fresh water and quality food for my pet. I will also communicate with it and develop a relationship with it. I will take my pet for a walk, every morning and evening.

Step To Success

Coding – Decoding verbal reasoning.

Question 1.
In a certain code language, if Violet is called as Green, Green is called as Red, Red is called as Brown, Brown is called as Orange, Orange is called as Yellow, Yellow is called as Blue and Blue is called as Indigo, then what is the colour of human blood in that language?
(a) Red
(b) Blue
(c) Green
(d) Violet.
(e) Brown
Answer:
(e) Brown

Question 2.
In a certain code language, if Pen means Eraser, Eraser means Book, Book means Scale, Scale means Sharpener, Sharpener means Duster and Duster means Table, then what is the name of the object that is used to clean the black board in that language?
(a) Duster
(b) Sharpener
(c) Table
(d) Scale
(e) Book
Answer:
(b) Sharpener

Question 3.
In a certain code language, if Bread is called Butter, Butter is called Milk, Milk is called Shirt, Shirt is called Shoe, Shoe is called Bicycle, Bicycle is called Watch, Watch is called Aeroplane and Aeroplane is called Ship, then which of the following indicates time in that language?
(a) Watch
(b) Bicycle
(c) Milk
(d) Ship
(e) Aeroplane
Answer:
(e) Aeroplane

Connecting To Self

Put a ✓for the do’s and put a✗ for dont’s

Answer:

When Instinct Works Additional Questions

I. Choose the Correct Answers (MCQ).

Question 1.
John harnessed black beauty to the ______ cart
(a) old
(b) broken
(c) new
(d) damaged
Answer:
(c) new

Question 2.
But the cart was so good and master drove
(a) strongly
(b) gently
(c) roughly
(d) harshly
Answer:
(b) gently

Question 3.
There were good sturdy on both sides.
(a) slabs
(b) pipes
(c) rails
(d) bamboos

Question 4.
He held my and calmed my nerves.
(a) bridle
(b) ears
(c) girdle
(d) band
Answer:
(a) bridle

Question 5.
The man at the toll gate was flashing a torch like a .
(a) foolish man
(b) mad man
(c) horrified man
(d) beggar man
Answer:
(b) mad man

Question 6.
Then an tree fell right across the road in front of them.
(a) Pine
(b) Cypress
(c) Ebony
(d) Oak
Answer:
(d) Oak

II. Identify the Character / Speaker.

1. One morning in the autumn, my master had to go on a long journey”.
2. I hope no branches fall down on us”.
3. “I wish we were out of this wood”.
4. “That was close! What shall we do now?”
5. “Hoy, Hoy, Hoy, Stop!”.
6. “You really are a beauty!”.
7. “Go on, Beauty”.
8. “There is something wrong sir”.
9. “Are you safe, my dear?”.
10. .I was grateful for everything for I was tired”.

Answer:

1. Black beauty horse
2. John
3. Master
4. Master
5. The man at the toll gate
6. John
7. Master
8. John
9. Mistress
10. Black Beauty (horse)

III. Write True or False against each statement.

1. Many of the houses were under water.
2. In one low part of the road, the water was halfway up to the knees.
3. The river was rising slowly.
4. Black Beauty had to wait for a long time in the town.
5. John praised Black Beauty.
Answer:
False
True
False
True
True

IV. Match the following.

Answer:

1. (e)
2. (c)
3. (a)
4. (b)
5. (d)

IV. Very Short Questions with Answers.

Question 1.
How did the high wheels roll?
Answer:
The high wheels rolled along so smoothly.

Question 2.
What were there on both sides of the bridge?
Answer:
There were good sturdy rails on both sides of the bridge.

Question 3.
What did the man at the toll gate say?
Answer:
The man at the toll gate said that the river was rising fast.

Question 4.
What did the master say to John?
Answer:
The master said that he had never been out in such a bad storm.

Question 5.
How were the branches swaying?
Answer:
The branches were swaying like twigs.

V.Short Questions with Answers.

Question 1.
What did John do to calm Black Beauty?
Answer:
John jumped out and in a moment was standing by the horse’s head. He held its bridle and calmed its nerves.

Question 2.
What did Black Beauty see in it’s master’s house after their return?
Answer:
Black Beauty saw that all the lights were on. As they came up to the door, the mistress ran out to greet the master.

VI. Paragraph Questions with Answers.

Question 1.
What happened when John, Black beauty and the master were returning home?
Answer:
When they were returning home late in the afternoon, the wind was much stronger and the great branches were swaying. The wind made a terrible rushing sound. Suddenly an oak tree fell in front of them. When Black Beauty came to the bridge, it sensed some danger. So it did not move forward. The man on the other side told them that the bridge was broken in the middle. All the three were saved by the wisdom of Black Beauty.

VIII. Rearrange the Jumbled Sentences.

A
1.Come on!, Beauty. Whats’the matter?’
2. Of course, I could not tell what the problem was, but I knew very well that the bridge was not safe.
3. He got down from the cart and came to my head.
4. He took hold of my bridle and tried to lead me forward.
5.”There is something wrong sir” said John.
Answer:
5, 3,4,1, 2
5. “There is something wrong sir” said John.
3. He got down from the cart and came to my head.
4. He took hold of my bridle and tried to lead me forward.
1. ‘Come on!, Beauty. Whats’ the matter?’
2. Of course, I could not tell what the problem was, but I knew very well that the bridge was not safe.

IX. Read the passage and answer the questions.

A.
One morning in the autumn, my master had to go on a long journey, John harnessed me to the new cart. I liked too pull as it was very light and the
high wheels rolled along so smoothly.

Question 1.
When did they go on a long journey?
Answer:
One morning in the autumn they went on a long journey.

Question 2.
Who harnessed Black Beauty to the new cart?
Answer:
John harnessed Black Beauty to the new Cart.

Question 3.
Was the cart light?
Answer:
Yes, the cart was light to pull.

B.
They went into the house and I heard no more. John took me to the stable. Oh! What a good supper he gave me that night. And then a really thick bed of straw. I was grateful for everything for I was tired.

Question 1.
Where did John take Black Beauty?
Answer:
John took Black Beauty to the stable.

Question 2.
What did he give him that night?
Answer:
He gave him a good supper and a thick bed of straw that night.

Question 3.
Why was Black Beauty grateful for everything?
Answer:
Black Beauty was grateful for everything because it was tired.

When Instinct Works Adapted From ‘Black Beauty” By Anna Sewell Summary

This lesson is about the special knowledge given to animals by God. The instinct in animals had saved the lives of men. One morning late in the autumn, John harnessed Black Beauty, the horse to the new cart. The Master, John and Black Beauty proceeded on a long journey. It was very windy and there was a great deal of rain. When they came to the entrance of the toll gate, the man at the toll gate warned them that the river was rising fast. Suddenly an oak tree came crashing down in front of them. The river was flooding and it grew darker. Black Beauty sensed danger, the moment its feet touched the bridge. It made a dead stop. The man at the other end of the toll gate flashed a torch and said that the bridge was broken in the middle. John praised Black Beauty for saving their lives. If the horse had not been wiser, they would have drowned. John gave a good supper and a thick bed of straw to the horse. Black Beauty was grateful for everything, as it was tired

You can Download Mother’s Voice Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 9th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf Supplementary Chapter 6 help you to revise complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 9th English Solutions Supplementary Chapter 6 Mother’s Voice

Mother’s Voice Supplementary In English

Mother’s Voice Warm Up:

If you are given an opportunity to go on a one-way trip to Mars, will you accept it? Discuss.
If given an opportunity to go on a one-way trip to Mars, I will not take it up since I am basically a timid person. When I am so frightened to travel by airplane, how will I travel to outer space!

Mother’s Voice Textual Questions

A. Choose the correct answer.

Mother’s Voice Summary Question 1.
Mother was excited because __________.
(a) her son would be home in the spring
(b) her son was coming back to earth
(c) it was her first visit to the moon
(d) her son was going to another galaxy
Answer:
(c) it was her first visit to the moon

Mother’s Voice Supplementary Paragraph Question 2.
On weekdays, as Mother went about the chores __________.
(a) she constantly thought of her son
(b) she was always tired
(c) her singing would be soft and almost inaudible
(d) her singing was muted and a little sad
Answer:
(d) her singing was muted and a little sad

Mother’s Voice Questions And Answers Question 3.
__________ occupies more than a hundred square kilometers on the moon.
(a) Selenopolis
(b) Metropolis
(c) Astrodrome
(d) Orchards
Answer:
(a) Selenopolis

Mother’s Voice Question 4.
The Community of Nations Square is where people __________.
(a) live on the moon
(b) work on the moon.
(c) walk on the moon
(d) of different nationalities come after work
Answer:
(d) of different nationalities come after work

Mother’s Voice Supplementary Summary Question 5.
They are planning an expedition to a neighbouring __________.
(a) galaxy
(b) country
(c) planet
(d) star
Answer:
(a) galaxy

Mother Voice Summary Question 6.
The mother was not able to understand why people wanted to leave the moon because __________.
(a) it was better to remain as a part of solar-system
(b) it was better to remain on the earth
(c) it was not possible to come back
(d) it was a place to enjoy life
Answer:
(a) it was better to remain as a part of the solar system.

Summary Of Mother’s Voice Additional Questions

Mothers Voice Question 1.
The mother wanted to know if her son would come during ………………. .
(a) Summer
(b) Autumn
(c) Winter
(d) Spring
Answer:
(b) Autumn

Mother’s Voice Supplementary Question 2.
His mother looked at the enormous lily-shaped tent over a ……………….. .
(a) Plate
(b) crater
(c) sheet of ice
(d) galaxy
Answer:
(b) crater

Mother’s Voice Lesson Plan Question 3.
His mom preferred River ……………………… than Selenopolis.
(a) Dnieper
(b) Pluto
(c) Ganges
(d) Miami
Answer:
(a) Dnieper

Mother’s Voice Book Back Answers Question 4.
Since the pond is deepend, there will be a lot of …………….. .
(a) fresh water
(b) moss
(c) mosquitoes
(d) fish
Answer:
(d) fish

Mother’s Voice By Vasil Summary Question 5.
The spaceships on the moon were readied for ……………….. .
(a) the scientists to travel.
(b) an expedition to the nearby galaxy
(c) the school students to explore
(d) a voyage around’ the moon.
Answer:
(b) an expedition to the nearby galaxy

B. Identify the character or speaker of the following lines.

1. It’s so easy to walk here, son!
2. They’re planning an expedition to a neighboring galaxy.
3. Why should people go off into the unknown?
4. I don’t know when we’ll see each other again.
5. Operator on duty, ………. report to the office.

Answers:

1. Mother
2. Son
3. Mother
4. Son
5. A voice from the loud Speaker

Mother’s Voice Summary By Vasil Berezhnoy Additional Questions:

Identify the character or speaker of the following lines.

Astronaut’s Mom to Son:

1. I never realized it was such a beautiful place.
2. Back home the orchards are in bloom.
3. Will you come for a holiday in the summer?
4. I’m sure it’s better in the river Dnieper.
5. What are these?
6. Of course, you will walk on the dewy grass.
7. Why should people go off into the unknown?
8. Do you know why people settle down on the Moon so easily?
9. There will be a lot of fruits this year if only the frosts don’t strike.
10. Why ask for trouble?
11. These are very reliable spaceships.
12. At least try to come in the autumn.
13. They have deepened the pond.
14. You could visit your friends and relatives.
15. It’s full of fish now, you like fishing.

The young astronaut to his mother:

1. That’s why I asked you to come.
2. It’s easy to walk here but the distances are long.
3. People of different nationalities who work in Selenopolis come here after work.
4. Let’s ride for a bit.
5. The Community of Nations Square.
6. It’s quite an exotic experience to have a swim on the moon.
7. Long-range spaceships They’re planning an expedition to a neighboring galaxy.
8. You may be right, but
9. How do I know?
10. You think I don’t want to walk barefoot on the dewy grass?
11. Coming
12. These are very reliable spaceships.
13. There are some tourists.
14. Selenopolis occupies more than a hundred square kilometers.
15. They are walking towards the lake.

C. Answer the following questions in about 100 -120 words.

Mother’s Voice Supplementary Story In Tamil Question 1.
Write a paragraph listing all the sentimental and the scientific reasons given by the mother against the expedition to the neighbouring galaxy.
Answer:
The mother’s sentimental and scientific reasons against the expedition to the neighboring galaxies are that the moon is a beautiful place, easy to walk on. There are lots of fruits on earth. The river Dnieper is better to swim. She asked her son why people should go off into the unknown and ask for trouble. She also suggested that it is advisable for people to settle on the moon first and then on the planets in the solar system.

She philosophized that the moon has the same gravitational field of their native earth, under the native sun. She sentimentally invited her son to come in the autumn for the apples, pears and the watermelons. She persuaded him to come to their deepened pond to fish and indicated that the pond was now full of fish.

Mother’s Voice Supplementary Theme Additional Questions:

Mother’s Voice 9th Supplementary Question 1.
Describe Selenopolis.
Answer:
Selenopolis is much easier to walk through though the distances are long. It occupies more than a hundred square kilometers. It’s a moving pavement covered with green plastic strips. These are rushed through echoing tunnels and spacious caves with walls sparkling in the light of the quartz lamps. There is a large lily-shaped tent over a crater, at least a kilometer in diameter. This was called, ‘The community of Nations Square.’ ‘People of different nationalities who work in Selenopolis and tourists go there to relax.

D. Think and answer.

“The explorer in this story is traveling to another galaxy. The final destination is an unknown ‘ planet in another galaxy. The travel will take many years”. What qualities and life skills do you think an explorer-like him must possess? Why? Do you have any of these skills and qualities? Explain.
Answer:
Space explorers work either as pilots who fly spacecraft or as mission specialists who conduct experiments. Regardless of their position, they need certain qualities to survive both NASA’s selection process and space travel itself. The qualities and life- skills needed are intelligence, adaptability, good physique, mental endurance and good ‘ knowledge. I have all these skills except the educational level which I would study as I grow up. ‘

Intelligence:
Astronauts need above-average intelligence and need quick thinking to A handle unexpected problems. They also need the intellectual creativity to dream up new avenues of space-based research into medicine, materials and processes for use N on Earth and in space. Curiosity is key, as are people skills and communication skills.

Adaptability:
Astronauts have many responsibilities in space. They need the flexibility to move from one task to another, different task. They also work on teams with astronauts from other countries and cultures, so they must be open-minded to diversity. They must be willing to change routines to accommodate new procedures.

Physical Condition:
The rigors of space travel are just about as intense as the rigors of space training. Astronauts need eyesight of20/100 or better uncorrected, correctable to 20/20 in each eye. Their blood pressure can’t be above 140/90. Candidates also must meet military water survival standards, which test for the ability to swim without stopping and to swim and tread water clothed in flight gear.

Astronauts also must be SCUBA-qualified to prepare for spacewalk training. Their bodies must respond well to high and low atmospheric pressures. They also must be prepared for the physical effects of zero gravity training up to 40 times a day. Space travel can last for months, during which the human body must function amid physical stress.

Mental Endurance:
Astronauts who make it through the physical demands of space travel must also grapple with isolation, fear and separation from loved ones. It’s not easy to live in close quarters with virtual strangers for three to six months or more. Astronauts must begin to cope with those long periods away from home during training, which takes two to three years and requires heavy travel to practice with international mission partners.

Education:
Astronauts need a bachelor’s degree from an accredited university in engineering, biological science, physical science and maths.

E. Based on the understanding of the story, discuss in groups and make a note of the following.

Mother’s Voice by Vasil Berezhnoy About The Author:

In 1972, a group of authors were awarded the Rudaki Prize of the Tajik SSR, which shows the importance of Soviet Literature and the role played by Science fiction. Vasil Berezhnoy was surely one among the group of authors.

Mother’s Voice Supplementary Summary:

This story revolves around the feeling of a young astronaut who has volunteered to explore the 1 galaxy beyond the one he lived in. The entire conversation between the mother and son is the recording that he hears now and then. The beginning of the story sees him taking his mother to the moon. He shows her around. They walk through the Selenopolis, seeing tall structures that have propped up the star-studded sky. The son listens to his mother’s voice that is so dear to him. She talks to her son about the orchards, the river Dnieper where he used to go for fishing, the apples, pears and melons, the walk on the dewy grasses, their relatives whom he may never meet if he goes for this expedition.

Yet she hopes that he will come and visit her during his vacation. She tells how the planet earth is so rich and beautiful with snow-covered peaks, that there can never be a place like the planet earth. This makes the son look at the earth with a newer vision and he understands that his mother is right. It is never going to be the same in another galaxy far away from home and his mother.

But, now he is helpless and cannot change his decision of coming back to earth. He goes on explaining the things happening on the moon; how people come to the ‘Community of Nations Square’ after work for relaxation. He tells about the spaceships which is fully equipped for this major expedition. The mother watches the rockets with people assembling for a take off, and asks her son why someone yearns to leave their home and go to another galaxy instead of being happy with their own.

She tries to pursue her son to quit from this mission even though she knew she may never see her son again. Just then a voice from the loudspeaker asks the astronaut to report to duty and he turns off the button and the screen becomes blank. He often plays this recording to be in that moment with his mother. This kind of expedition is the result of young curious minds and humanity.

Mother’s Voice Glossary:

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The Night the Ghost Got in warm up:

Use the following tongue twisters in a ‘Game of Telephone: where each student whispers the phrase to the next. The student who finishes the last says it aloud to the class. Let the students fill in the table given with what they listen to. They can get the help of their teacher

1. Six sleek swans swam swiftly southwards.
2. Four furious friends fought ur the phone.
3. Green glass globes glow greenly.
4. Six slimy snails sailed silently.
5. Scissors sizzle, thistles sizzle.
6. He threw three free throws.
7. Tommy Tucker tried to tie Tammys Turtles tie.
8. I wish you were a fish in my dish.
9. Five frantic frogs fled from fifty fierce fishes.
10. black bugs bleed blue black blood but baby black bugs bleed blue blood.
11. Red blood blue blood
12. Fresh registration… Fresh registration
13. She sells seashells at the seashore
14. Fred fed Ted bread, and Ted fed Fred bread

Answer:

I hope you ended with a delightfully tangled whole new tongue twisters.

The Night the Ghost Got in InText Questions

a. Where was the author when he heard the noise?
Answer:
The author had just stepped out of the bathtub, when he heard the noise.

b. What did the narrator think the unusual sound was?
Answer:
At first, he thought it was his father or his brother Roy. Next, he suspected that it was a burglar. Later on, he thought that it was a ghost.

c. What were the various sounds the brothers heard when they went downstairs?
Answer:
The brothers heard like a man running and started up the stairs towards them. They thought that they were coming two at a time. They saw nothing, but only heard the steps.

d. Who were the narrator neighbors?
Answer:
The narrator’s neighbors were a retired engraver named Bodwell and his wife.

e. How did the Bodwells react, when a shoe was thrown into their house?
Answer:
Mr. Bodwell was shouting, frothing a little and shaking his fist. Mrs. Bodwell wanted to sell their house and go back to Peoria. For some years, he had been in a bad way and was subjected to mild attacks.

f. What did the Bodwells think when they heard the mother shout?
Answer:
Bodwell thought that there were burglars in his house when they heard the mother shout.

g. What was the grandfather wearing?
Answer:
The narrator’s grandfather was wearing a long flannel nightgown over long woollen pants, a nightcap and a leather jacket around his chest.

h. What conclusions did grandfather jump to when he saw the cops?
Answer:
His grandfather was going through fits where he believes he is in the war. He thinks that General Meade’s men are deserting under fire from Stonewall Jackson.

i. Were the policemen willing to leave the house?
Answer:
No, the policemen were not willing to leave without getting their hand on somebody besides grandfather.

j. What made the reporter gaze at the author?
Answer:
The author had put on one of his mother’s dress, as he couldn’t find anything else. The reporter looked at him with mingled suspicion and interest.

The Night the Ghost Got in Textual Questions

A. Answer the following questions in a sentence or two.

The Night The Ghost Got In Questions And Answers Question 1.
Why was the narrator sorry to have paid attention to the footsteps?
Answer:
The imagination of the ghost getting into his house lead to a commotion. It caused his mother to throw a shoe through a window of the neighbouring house. It ended with his grandfather shooting a policeman. So the narrator was sorry to have paid attention to the footsteps.

The Night The Ghost Got In Summary Question 2.
Why did Herman and the author slam the doors?
Answer:
Herman and the author slammed the doors because they thought that someone was coming up their stairs. They were scared as they heard the steps of someone.

10th English Unit 2 Prose Question Answer Question 3.
What woke up the mother?
Answer:
The slamming of the doors had awakened their mother.

10th English The Night The Ghost Got In Question Answer Question 4.
What do you understand by the mother’s act of throwing the shoe?
Answer:
His mother enormously fancied the thrill of throwing a shoe through a glass window of her neighbour. She is a highly excitable woman.

The Night The Ghost Got In Question 5.
Why do you think Mrs. Bodwell wanted to sell the house?
Answer:
Mrs. Bodwell wanted to sell the house, as she wanted to go back to Peoria, due to the frequent mild attacks.

10th English The Night The Ghost Got In Question 6.
How did the cops manage to enter the locked house?
Answer:
The cops managed to enter the locked house by breaking the glass of the front door.

The Night The Ghost Got In Paragraph Question 7.
Why were the policemen prevented from entering grandfather’s room?
Answer:
The policemen were prevented from entering into grandfather’s room because the narrator realized that it would be bad if they do so. His grandfather was going through a phase, in which he believed that General Meade’s men were beginning to retreat. They were under the control of Stonewall Jackson.

The Night The Ghost Got In Pdf Question 8.
Who used the zither and how?
Answer:
Zither was used by the guinea pig to sleep on it. It would never sleep anywhere except on the zither.

Question 9.
Mention the things that the grandfather imagined.
Answer:
His grandfather imagined that the cops were deserters from Meade’s army. He thought that they were trying to hide away in his attic.

Additional Questions

Question 1.
Who is Mr. Bodwell?
Answer:
Bodwell is Thurber family’s neighbour, a retired engineer. He is “subject to mild ‘attacks,’” like most people whom the family knows.

Question 2.
How does Mr. Bodwell react to the shoe thrown by Mrs. Thurber?
Answer:
When the narrator’s mother throws a shoe through the Bodwells’ window and says there are burglars in the house, Bodwell is momentarily confused, thinking that the burglars are in his house, before understanding the truth and alerting the police.

Question 3.
Who is the only cop referred by name and what does he do?
Answer:
The only policeman referred to by name is Joe. He examines an old zither with another policeman.

Question 4.
Why does Joe mock the policeman who wants to retrieve his gun from the grandfather?
Answer:
When the policeman talks bravely about going to retrieve his gun from the grandfather, Joe mocks him because he feels it’s dangerous to approach an armed and unstable suspect.

Question 5.
Who is Herman? Comment on his personality.
Answer:
Herman is the brother of the narrator, James Thurber. He generally sleeps uneasily, always fearful that something might come and “get him” in the night. When the narrator wakes him and he hears the sounds in the dining room, he runs back into his room and slams the door showing what a timid boy he can be.

Question 6.
Who is the Zither-cop? Why is he called so?
Answer:
One of the policemen who search through the house finds an old zither and strums it in curiosity. The story later refers to this officer as “Zither,” as well as “the zither- cop.”

Question 7.
Why were the policeman prevented from entering grandfather’s room?
Answer:
The zither-cop was shot at by the grandfather because he was the first to go up the stairs when they heard the sound of a creaking in the attic caused by the grandfather turning in the bed.

B. Answer the following questions in about 100-150 words.

Question 1.
Describe the funny incident that caused the confusion in the house.
Answer:
James, the author comes out of the bathroom, drying him she dining table. He wakes up his brother Herman. They both listen to the footsteps and gets scared. Their mother wakes up. When she comes to know lf. At that moment, he hears the footsteps of someone walking downstairs near the she alerts her neighbour to call the police. The police arrive with some reporters.

They search all over, upstairs and downstairs. When they find nothing, they rush to the attic. The narrator’s grandfather believes that he is still in the war. He thinks that the policemen are deserters. So he starts shooting at them. The policemen leave their house immediately, creating a lot of confusion everywhere.

Question 2.
Narrate the extensive search operation made by the policemen in the house.
Answer:
The police were on hand in a commendably short time. They began banging at the narrator’s front door. When nobody responded, they broke into the house. They searched downstairs and upstairs messing up everything. They opened all the doors and windows. They pulled the drawers and furniture. They began to ransack the floor, pulled beds away from the walls, tore clothes off the hooks in the closets.

They also pulled suitcases and boxes off the shelves. Later, they heard some creaking in the attic. They stepped into the attic. As his grandfather thought that they were the deserters from Meade’s army, so he started shooting at them. Then he went back to bed. The cops were unwilling to leave without getting their hand on somebody. They felt it was a defeat for them. They began to poke into things again and finally left the place.

Additional:

Question 1.
What do you know about James Thurber, the narrator?
Answer:
The narrator James Thurber, presents himself as acting judiciously, although his actions are uncommon to raise the uncertainties of the policemen. He is the first person in the household to hear the mysterious sound, as he is stepping out of the bathtub at 1:15 a.m. on November 17th. After waking his brother Herman, he is the one who resolves that the reason of the sound downstairs must be an apparition.

When his hasty mother decides that the sounds must be caused by intruders, the narrator thinks that she is past reasoning. Even when the cops arrive, he is still wrapped in a towel from his bath. Later, when the reporter comes around asking questions, the narrator puts on one of his mother’s blouses, explaining that it is the only thing that he can find at the moment.

He chooses to be honest with the reporter and tell him that the problem was caused by ghosts, but the reporter does not take him earnestly. Later, when the policeman who has been shot by Grandfather wants to challenge him and take his gun back, the narrator mediates with composed receptivity and offers to take the gun over to the police station in the morning.
“A judicious reticence is hard to learn, but it is a lifetime lesson.”

Question 2.
What is the theme of the story, ‘The Night the Ghost got in’ by James Thurber?
Answer:
The theme of the story, ‘The Night the Ghost got in’ by James Thurber is surely of a supernatural kind. This story asks readers to accept the existence of the ghost mentioned in the title as a believable one. Many a time, ghost stories offer readers a sign for a common explanation for the events that the characters themselves trust are triggered by the bizarre scenario.

Although it seems very unlikely that a real ghost would have generated a commotion in the house, Thurber gives readers distressing indication that the sounds that he heard were undeniably supernatural. For example, the police thoroughly investigate the house and say that all the doors and windows are locked from inside and nothing in the house is said to have been taken by burglars. The father and brother Roy, who are at first expected do have come home from Indianapolis early, do not feature in the play and are just characters mentioned during conversations.
“The human mind delights in grand conceptions of supernatural beings.”

Question 3.
Bring out the character of the grandfather and the mother in the lesson, ‘The Night the Ghost got in’.
Answer:
The narrator’s grandfather is an old- timer of the Union army of the Civil War, which terminated about fifty-two years ago. His bedroom is in the attic. When the police come to the house to search for the burglar, the grandfather thinks that they are militaries who are abandoning because they are losing to the South. The grandfather calls them “cowardly dog” and “lily-livered cattle” and then fetches a policeman’s holster and shoots a man with his own gun.

The police retreat, terrified of the irrational old man but at the breakfast table the next morning, Grandfather seems impeccably conscious of the previous night’s situation, asking why so many police had been “tanyhootin” around the house. On the contrary, the narrator’s mother, Mrs Thurber is a highly excitable woman, scatter brained yet practical at times.

Hearing a sound in her house and suspecting a burglar, she thinks of the clever plan of alerting Mrs and Mr. Bodwell the neighbours by throwing a shoe through his closed window. After he goes to alert the police, she considers throwing the matching shoe, a thrill and fanciful act. She is surprised to hear that Grandfather has shot a policeman, not because of the courageous ferocity of the act, but because the cop was such a nice-looking young man.
“Great powers don’t get angry Nor do they act in haste!”

Vocabulary:

C. Look at the following expressions from the text. With the help of your teacher rewrite them in standard English. One has been done for you.

Answer:

D. Complete the given tabular column with the suitable plural forms.

Answer:

Listening Activity:

E. Listen to the story and answer the following.

A Short Story : Three Simple Rules This Short Story Three Simple Rules is quite interesting to all the people. Enjoy reading this story. Once there was a rich man in Thailand. His name was Chulong. He was a very rich man. Yet he wanted more riches, more money. One day he was walking in his garden. He saw a strange bird in a bush. It was very small. But it had very beautiful and colorful features. Its voice was also very sweet. Chulong had never seen such a bird in his life. He slowly went near the bush unseen. He caught the bird. Now the bird began to speak.

“Why have you caught me?” the bird asked. “I want to make money. I can sell you for a big amount,” replied Chulong. “But you are already rich. Why do you want more?” asked the bird. “Because I want to become richer and richer,” replied Chulong. “But do not dream of making .

money through me!” said the bird. It further added, “You cannot sell me. Nobody will buy me, because, in imprisonment, I lose my beauty and my sweet voice.” Then it slowly turned into a black bird. The beautiful features were now looking like the feathers of a crow. Chulong hopes of making money were shattered. He said angrily, “I will kill you, and I will eat your meat.” “Eat me! I am so small. You will not get any meat out of me,” replied the bird.

Chulong could not answer. The bird then suggested, “Well set me free. In return I shall teach you three simple but useful rules.” “What is the use of the rules? I want only money,” said Chulong. He was irritated. “But these rules can profit you greatly,” added the bird. “Profit me! Really? Then I shall set you free. But how can I trust you? You may fly away,” said Chulong. “I give you my word. And I always keep my word,” said the bird. Chulong wanted to take a chance.

He released the bird. It flew up at once. Then it sat on the branch of a tree. Its color started changing. It became beautiful again. Chulong asked, “Now teach me the rules.” “Certainly,” said the bird. Then it added, “The first rule is Never Believe everything others say. The second rule is Never be sad about something you do not have. The third rule is Never throw away what you have in your hand.” “You silly bird,” shouted Chulong. And he added, “These three rules are known to everyone.

You have cheated me.” But the bird said, “Chulong, just sit down for ” a while. Think about all your actions of today. You had me in your hands, but you threw me away (released me). You believed all that I said. And you are sad about not having me. The rules are simple. But you never followed them. Now do you see the value of the rules?” so saying the bird Threw away and disappeared from his sight.

Question 1.
The rich man was from
(a) Nagaland
(b) Thailand
(c) Finland
Answer:
(b) Thailand

Question 2.
Where did Chulong catch the bird?
Answer:
Chulong caught the bird in a bush in his garden.

Question 3.
Why did Chulong catch the bird?
Answer:
Chulong caught the bird because it was strange and small and would surely fetch him good •money.

Question 4.
What will happen to the bird in imprisonment?
Answer:
The bird in imprisonment will lose its beauty and sweet voice.

Question 5.
What did the bird suggest Chulong, in exchange for its freedom?
Answer:
The bird in exchange for its freedom suggested to Chulong three simple, yet useful rules.

Question 6.
Does Chulong want to earn money honestly?
Answer:
No, he did not want to earn money honestly.

Question 7.
What were Chulongs plans for the bird?
Answer:
Chulong wanted to sell the bird and earn good money.

Question 8.
Who is wise according to you?
Answer:
The bird is wise according to me.

Question 9.
Is the bird a crow?
Answer:
No, the bird isn’t a crow.

10. What are the three rules given by the bird?
Answer:
The three rules given by the bird are:

1. Never believe everything others say.
2. Never be sad about something you do not have.
3. Never throw away what you have in your hand.

Speaking Activity

F. Quiz: Who am I ?
Sample questions to ask. Answers must be ‘yes’ or ‘no’ only.

1. Are you a male (female)?
2. Are you young (old)?
3. Are you a famous personality?
4. Are you alive now?
5. Are you a singer (dancer, actor)?
6. Does your name start with ‘……………’ ?
7. Are you a historical figure?
8. Is he/she ………………. ?

G. Use this passage to play the game. You can collect information on other famous personalities and play too.

Charlie Chaplin was bom on April 16, 1889, in London England. His birth name was Charles ‘ Spencer Chaplin, though he had many nicknames growing up such as Charlie, Chariot, and The Little Tramp. His father, Charles Chaplin, and his mother, Hannah Chaplin, were inducted into the music hall of fame, leading the way to his exposure even as a young boy.

His first on stage moment was when he was 5 years old; he sang a song that was intended to be sung by his own mother; she had become ill at the time of the performance, so little Charlie Chaplin stood instead and performed for his mother. Charlie Chaplin came to the United States in 1910, at the age of 21. He was brought to New York, which was known to be a great place to start out for anyone trying to become a professional actor. Two years later, in 1913, Chaplin signed his very first contract at Keystone and it was no time before he headed to Hollywood. His first movie premiered in 1914, “Making a Living,” and went on to make over 35 movies total in that year alone.

Charlie Chaplin grew to become one of the most popular and successful actors of all time. The moment that really kicked off his long career was in 1921 when he starred in, and produced, his first full length film called “The Kid.” From then on, most people all over the world knew Charlie Chaplin and loved his movies. He had a great career and life, dying on December 25, 1977, in Vevey, Switzerland. He had apparently died of natural causes in his sleep from old age.

Give Answers:
Is the personality a female character? No
Is he a political figure? No
Is he from the Film Industry? Yes
Is he a comedian? Yes
Is he from India? No
Is the person alive? No
Is he an artist from his childhood? Yes

Reading:

H. Read the following incident carefully to answer the questions that follow.

The tie that does not bind
“Oh, so you’re going abroad? Can you bring me back ?” I’ve been asked to bring back a vaccine for a course. Once I searched the suburbs of Paris for two days for a special brand of ceramic paint. Having spent a lot of money for Cartier lighter refills, I had them confiscated at the airport just before boarding because the gas might be dangerous in the air.

Now, two months before a trip, I stop talking to people so they won’t suspect I’m about to travel. But someone always catches me.” I’ve heard you’re going to New York, and I want you to get something for me. It’s just a little thing you can find anywhere. I don’t know exactly how much it costs, but it shouldn’t be much. We’ll settle up when you get back”.

What Gilson asked me to buy was, in fact a little thing: a tie. But not just any tie. He wanted a tie with a small embroidered G. Any colour would do, as long as it had his initial. Look , this is a special flight, I explained . We are only staying Saturday through Tuesday. On the day we arrived I didn’t have time to think about the tie, but strolling around on Sunday I did see ties bearing various letters in more than one shop window. They were cheap, just a dollar, but all the shops were closed.

On Monday, lunch lasted the whole afternoon. Then it was Tuesday morning, time to leave. It was only when I saw our airport bus waiting outside the hotel that I remembered the tie. I told the group to go on. I would get a taxi to the airport. And so I went in search of a nearby shop where I had seen ties.

But I couldn’t find it. I walked further down the street-one, two, three blocks – all in vain. Back at the hotel, a bit anxious now, I took my suitcase, got a taxi and asked the driver to rush to the street where I had seen them. The driver stopped at each shop we passed so I could look from the window.

The stores had all sorts of ties, but not the kind I was looking for. When I finally thought I had located the right shop, I decided to go in and check. The driver refused to wait. Parking was prohibited, he said. I promised to double the fare, jumped out and ran into the shop. Was I going to miss the plane just for a damned tie?

The salesman was unbearably slow. When I realized that the smallest change I had was a ten dollar note , I grabbed ten ties of different colours so I wouldn’t have to wait for change. I rushed out with the ties in a paper bag. On the street I looked around. The taxi had vanished, taking my suitcase. What is more, I was going to miss the plane.

I ran to the comer, and hope flared up again: the taxi was waiting in the next street. Quick to the airport! As I settled down inside the taxi. I sighed with relief. Gilson was going to have enough initialized ties to last him a lifetime.

When I reached the airport, I paid the taxi driver the double fare and grabbed my suitcase. Panting, I boarded the plane under the reproachful gaze of the other passengers, all primly seated with their seat belts fastened. Ready to take off. Departure had been delayed because of me.
“At least I hope you found your tie”, said one who knew the story.
“I did”, I answered triumphantly.
After making myself comfortable, I reached for the paper bag to show the ties.
I had left it behind; in the taxi.

Question 1.
What was the writer always asked to do whenever he planned to go abroad?
Answer:
Whenever the writer planned to go abroad, he was always asked to buy something or the other like a vaccine for a course, a special brand of ceramic paint, Cartier lighter refills and so on.

Question 2.
What did Gilson want the writer to bring for him?
Answer:
Gilson wanted the writer to bring a tie with a small embroidered G on it.

Question 3.
When did the writer remember the fact that he had to buy something for Mr. Gilson? The writer remembered the fact that he had to buy
Answer:
something for Mr. Gilson only on Tuesday when it was time to leave.

Question 4.
Why were the other passengers in the flight gazing at the writer?
Answer:
The other passengers in the flight gazed at the writer since the flight was delayed because of him.

Question 5.
What is the humour element in the above incident?
Answer:
The humour element in the above accident is that after all the frantic search for the tie and purchasing ten of them to avoid the trouble of getting back the change, the writer had left it – behind in the taxi for which he had also paid double the fare.

I. Suggesting titles.
Title summarises the story. Each paragraph is a part of the story. Look at the following expressions and find out the paragraphs that best suit these expressions.

1. Oh, No! But it happens! Paragraph 1
2. Don’t let out your travelling dates Paragraph 2
3. Anyway, people will be people Paragraph 3
4. Search begins Paragraph 6
5. Things are not that easy Paragraph 7
6. Hurry invites worry Paragraph 10

J. Look at the following situations the writer was in. He could have avoided the situation and saved himself. Glance through the write up again and comment on what the writer should have done in the following situations.

1. Gilson asked the writer to bring a tie.
He should have politely refused stating it was a business trip.

2. On the day of arrival, the writer had no time to think about the tie.
The writer should not have felt guilty since he was busy.

3. The writer remembered about the tie when the bus was leaving for the airport.
He should have stopped being courteous and proceeded to the airport with others.

4. The writer walked down in search of the shop.
When he couldn’t find the shop with ties he was looking for, he should have not searched for it in other shops.

5. The writer rushed out with the tie in a paper bag.
The writer should have kept the paper bag inside his suitcase as soon as he got into the taxi.

K. State whether the following statements are true or false.

1. The narrator searched for three days to buy ceramic paint. [False]
2. The author was going to New York. [True]
3. Gilson asked the narrator to buy a tie. [True]
4. The taxi driver took away the narrator’s suitcase. [False]
5. Departure was delayed because of the author. [True]
6. The author left the ties in the taxi. [True]

M. Write a speech for your school Literary Association celebration with the given lead.

Writing:

Good morning to one and all present here, it is indeed my privilege to stand before you as the Secretary of the Literary Association. It was formed to stimulate and motivate the young minds to perform challenging activities and become good orators, dramatists, poets and also be short story writers. The purpose is mainly to enhance the literary, aesthetic and communicative skills among students. You are the pillars of the future society. The advancement of the society lies in your hands.

Communication skills is vital for the development of an individual or a society. Thereby, every year informative programmes are conducted to enhance the language skills and dramatic talents. Students are provided a platform to nurture and exhibit their innate potentials. We request you to unleash the hidden potentials and bring out the latent abilities. Explore the world around and experience a different environment. I am sure, each one of you will have a story to share about the learning experiences in this Literary Association. Wishing you a challenging journey for a lifetime experience. Thank you.

Grammar:

A. Na’garajan and Dhanalakshmi want to buy a new house. They have come to see a house for sale. Complete the conversation below by adding a, an or the.

Nagarajan : Well, here we are, No. 8, Kaveri Street. I think this is …………………. (a)…………… house we saw online. What do you think of ………….. (b) ………….. location?
Dhanalakshmi : It is in …………….. (c) ……………….. nice neighbourhood. And it’s close to the railway station.
Nagarajan : And …………….. (d) …………….. bus stop is not too far away
Dhanalakshmi : How many rooms are there?
Nagarajan : There are three rooms, ………………….. (e) kitchen and ……………….. (f) …………………balcony.
Dhanalakshmi : There is ………………….. (g) ………………. lawn behind ………….. (h) …………………. house, right?
Nagarajan That’s right …………….. (i) ……………….. lawn is actually quite large. Did you see any photos of ……………… (j) ……………….. living room, online? What does it look like?
Dhanalakshmi : …………………. (k) ………………… living room looks great. It looks bright and airy. It has …………………. (l) …………………. nice view of ………………… (m) ………………… hills. But …………….. (n) …………. kitchen looks ……………… (o) …………….. little small.
Nagarajan : And, I remember you said there isn’t …………… (p) ………….. store room, right?
Dhanalakshmi : No, but there is …………… (q) …………… attic, where we can store things.
Nagarajan : I hope this house is ……………(r) ……………. better option.
Dhanalakshmi : let’s wait for …………(s) ……………….. real estate agent. She said, she would be here at three o’clock.
Nagarajan : Look there she is!
Answers:
(a) the, (b) the, (c) a, (d) the, (e) a, (f) a, (g) a, (h) the, (i) The, (j) the, (k) The, (l) a, (m) The, (n) the, (o) a, (p) a, (q) an, (r) a, (s) the

B. Few articles are missing in the given passage. Edit the passage given below by adding suitable articles wherever necessary.

My neighbourhood is very interesting place. My house is located in apartment building downtown near many stores and offices. There is small supermarket across street, where * my family likes to go shopping. There is also post office and bank near our home. In our neighbourhood there is small, Green Park where my friends and I like to play on weekends and holidays. There is small pond near park and there are many ducks in park. We always have great time. In addition there is elementary school close to our home where my little brother studies in third grade. There are so many things to see and do in my neighbourhood that’s why I like it. It’s really great place.
Answer:
My neighbourhood is a very interesting place. My house is located in an apartment building downtown near many stores and offices. There is a small supermarket across the street, where my family likes to go shopping. There is also a post office and a bank near our home. In our neighbourhood there is a small, Green Park where my friends and I like to play on weekends and holidays. There is a small pond near the park and there are many ducks in the park. We always have a great time. In addition there is an elementary school close to our home where my little brother studies in third grade. There are so many things to see and do in my neighbourhood. That’s why I like it. It’s really a great place.

C. Refer to the dictionary to find out the meaning of the following prepositions and match them with the correct meaning.

D. Fill in the blanks by choosing the most appropriate prepositional phrase from the given options.

1. Everything falls to the ground …………………. earth’s gravitational pull.
(a) in addition to
(b) because of
(c) cause of
Answer:
(b) because of

2. The trial was conducted ………………. the procedure of law.
(a) in accordance with
(b) due to
(c) despite of
Answer:
(a) in accordance with

3. There is a temple right …………. my house.
(a) in back of
(b) apart from
(c) in front of
Answer:
(c) in front of

4. As a ……………….. of his hard work, he achieved the target.
(a) instead of
(b) result of
(c) apart from
Answer:
(b) result of

5. Failure is often the ………………. negligence.
(a) effect of
(b) consequence of
(c) reason of
Answer:
(b) consequence of

6. Children are given toys ………………. sweets on Children’s day.
(a) on top of
(b) in addition to
(c) due to
Answer:
(b) in addition to

7. The parents must be informed …………………… any indiscipline conduct of their wards.
(a) because of
(b) in case of
(c) in spite of
Answer:
(b) in case of

8. He didn’t turn up ……………………… his busy schedule.
(a) consequence of
(b) due to
(c) except for
Answer:
(b) due to

9. Global warming is ……………………. the green house emission.
(a) an effect of
(b) in spite of
(c) in addition to
Answer:
(a) an effect of

10. ……………… several warnings, he continued to swim.
(a) due to
(b) in spite of
(c) because of
Answer:
(b) in spite of

E. Edit the following passage by replacing the underlined incorrect words with correct prepositional phrases.
1. Janu is studying in class X. In the event of the teachers.
According to the teachers, Janu is studying in Class X.

2. she is a disciplined student. In addition to her poverty, she …………….. .
In spite of her poverty, she is a disciplined student.

3. is always neat. Many students like her in case of …………….. .
Because of her neatness, many students like her.

4. her simplicity. According to her studies, she also ………………. .
Apart from her studies, she is also known for her simplicity.

5. participates in sports. She gets on with everyone in case of ………….. .
She gets on with everyone in spite of her participation in sports.

6. age and gender in the school. In opposition to taking leave, she ensures …………….. .
Due to her opposition to take leave, she ensures her age and gender in the school.

7. that she completes the work given before she goes to school next day.
On account of completing the work given before, she goes to school the next day.

The Night the Ghost Got in by James Thurber:
James Thurber was born on December 8, 1894, in Columbus, Ohio. He was an American cartoonist, author, humourist, journalist, playwright, and celebrated wit. He worked for the New Yorker from 1927 to 1933 and continued contributing stories and drawings to it for the rest of his life, becoming one of America’s most treasured humourists. He was best known for, “The Catbird Seat”. As the sight in Thurber’s good eye failed, his literary production dwindled. Thurber fell into alcoholism in his later years and died of pneumonia following a stroke on November 2, 1961.

The Night the Ghost Got in Summary:

Introduction:
Imagination of odd things leads to absolute humourous drama making everybody confused. This story makes us laugh at the confused family members whose imagination creates a chaos ultimately for nothing that made everyone spend a sleepless night. Let us enjoy the sequence that happened inside a house due to each persons’ different imaginations.

Confusion over foot steps:
The narrator, James Thurber, comes out of his bathtub in the bathroom at 1:15 a.m. in the morning, on November 17th, 1915 and hears footsteps going round and round the dining room, downstairs. At first, James thinks the footsteps might belong to his father and brother Roy, who had been traveling in Indianapolis and were supposed to be back late in the evening. James quickly realizes that it isn’t his father and brother.

Brother Herman Wakes Up
After a few minutes, he fears something strange and goes to wake up his brother, Herman. Waking up all of a sudden in the middle of the night, Herman is frightened to know of someone downstairs as stated by his brother. He goes back to bed, slamming the door.

Mother’s fear for Burglar’s
The slamming of the door makes their mother come out of her room. The mother asks them about the footsteps she has heard and then comes to the conclusion that there are burglars inside their house.

Agitated neighbours
As the telephone is in the dining area, she plans to contact the police through her neighbour and throws a shoe through the window of the Bodwell’s. They are cross with her behavior. However, Mr.Bodwell mistakes for burglars in his house. The confusion is cleared and he calls the police and tells them about the burglars in Thurber house.

Arrival of Police
A whole lot of police in a Ford Sedan, two on motorcycles, and a patrol wagon with about eight policemen and a few reporters creates more chaos and confusion. They call out for the inmates and when no one responds, they break in. They find the narrator upstairs with a towel round his waist and the mother who is certain of burglars in the house. Though all doors and windows are bolted from inside, to justify their trip, the police set about searching the house, moving furniture and cleaning closets.

Police are suspicious
At one point, a policeman’s inquisitiveness gets the best of him, and he points out a rare old musical instrument, a zither, to another officer. The narrator adds to the confusion with the inadequate information about the family’s old guinea pig which used to sleep on the zither. The police are suspicious of this strange family.

Grandfather’s obsession
Just when the police decide to retire, the narrator’s grandfather sleeping in the attic makes a slight noise and the policemen spring into action. They race upstairs to catch the culprit. The narrator knows that this will lead to worry because his grandfather thinks that the Civil War is still going on. Grandfather is obsessed with the retreat of the army under General George Meade. When the policemen arrive at his door, he is convinced that they are Meade’s army. He calls them cowards and tells them to go back to the battle.

Grandpa shoots a Policeman
Grandpa slaps one of the policemen across the back of the head, sending him to the floor and as the others leave their fallen companion and run away, he takes the man’s gun from his holster and shoots at him, hitting him in the shoulder. He fires twice more and then goes back to bed. Back downstairs, the police are upset that there is nobody to arrest, but they are not willing to go back to the attic and risk being shot at. The wounded officer’s shoulder is bandaged and they start looking around the house \ again.

Reporter gazes at narrator’s stupidity
A reporter approaches the narrator who is wearing one of his mother’s outfit since he doesn’t find his nightdress. When the reporter asks him about the commotion, the narrator admits the presence of ghosts in the house. It is indeed a comedy, when the narrator’s mother is informed about Grandfather shooting a policeman and she is concerned about a nice-looking young man being shot at.

Unraveled Mystery
The next morning, the grandfather comes down for breakfast looking cheery. James, Herman, and their mother all think that the grandfather has forgotten the whole scene. However, the story ends with the grandfather asking, with a smirk on his face, what on earth the police had been doing raiding the house the night before. He chided them that none of them left a bottle beside his head and told them that they did not realize how hard it was for a thirsty man to look for water in the dining room. Now the family had him there; it was the grandpa who was going around the dining room last night.

Conclusion:
This story thus ended as a humourous drama, each one assuming that there is a ghost, a burglar and Meade’s army men inside the house. Author has sequenced the scenes as a lively comedy show that one will roar with laughter at the stupidity of each person in the story.

The Night the Ghost Got in Glossary:
Textual:

Additional:

Synonyms:

Choose the most appropriate synonym of the underlined word.

1. ‘Burglars!’ she shouted, intuitively.
(a) intentionally
(b) thoughtfully
(c) knowingly
(d) instinctively
Answer:
(d) instinctively

2. ‘He thinks you’re deserter.’
(a) absconder
(b) camel
(c) convict
(d) dessert-monger
Answer:
(a) absconder

3. ‘Nothing.’ he said, gruffly.
(a) sadly
(b) grievously
(c) angrily
(d) carefully
Answer:
(c) angrily

4. ‘Open up!’ cried a hoarse voice.
(a) sharp
(b) haughty
(c) soft
(d) trough
Answer:
(d) rough

5. ‘What’s that?’ snapped Joe.
(a) retorted
(b) smiled
(c) mocked
(d) photographed
Answer:
(a) retorted

6. A board creaked, when it was trod upon.
(a) weary
(b) worn
(c) walked
(d) opened
Answer:
(c) walked

7. A half-dozen policemen emerged out of the darkness.
(a) appeared
(b) exit
(c) charged
(d) jumped
Answer:
(a) appeared

8. A reporter, a thin-faced, wispy man, came up to me.
(a) considerable
(b) significant
(c) substantial
(d) delicate
Answer:
(d) delicate

9. Before I could intervene, the cops were in the attic.
(a) interfere
(b) interrogate
(c) instigate
(d) investigate
Answer:
(a) interfere

10. Finally the cops broke the thick bevelled glass.
(a) rough
(b) thin
(c) oblique
(d) hovelled
Answer:
(c) oblique

11. Five or six cops sprang for the attic door.
(a) leaped
(b) water
(c) spring
(d) sprout
Answer:
(a) leaped

12. Flashlights shot streaks of gleam up and down the walls.
(a) glows
(b) signals
(c) strains
(d) splashes
Answer:
(d) splashes

13. Glass tinkled into the bedroom.
(a) jingled
(b) placed
(e) tinged
(d) sparked
Answer:
(a) jingled

14. Grandfather had evidently jumped to a conclusion.
(a) immediately
(b) earnestly
(c) obviously
(d) drastically
Answer:
(c) obviously

15. He gazed at me a long time.
(a) gawked
(b) stared
(c) glared
(d) shouted
Answer:
(b) stared

16. Herman looked at me in some alarm.
(a) apprehension
(b) excitement
(c) intuition
(d) bell
Answer:
(a) apprehension

17. Herman rushed to his room’and slammed the door.
(a) altered
(b) banged
(c) sliced
(d) dug
Answer:
(b) banged

18. Herman ventured out of his room.
(a) volunteered
(b) venerated
(c) visioned
(d) vagaries
Answer:
(a) volunteered

19. I can see their viewpoint – phony.
(a) deceptive
(b) sounding
(c) clear
(d) phonetic
Answer:
(a) deceptive

20. T could hear a rending of wood.
(a) shredding
(b) breaking
(c) rubbing
(d) rushing
Answer:
(a) shredding

21. I could see the faint shine of plates on the plate-rail.
(a) tired
(b) feeble
(c) weary
(d) track
Answer:
(b) feeble

22. I gripped his arm.
(a) cut
(b) grieved
(c) grasped
(d) damaged
Answer:
(c) grasped

23. I prevented her.
(a) legitimate
(b) prohibited
(c) presumed
(d) deserted
Answer:
(b) prohibited

24. I suspected next that it was a burglar.
(a) alerted
(b) blamed
(c) called
(d) doubted
Answer:
(d) doubted

25. Instantly the steps began again.
(a) blatantly
(b) callously
(c) suddenly
(d) definitely
Answer:
(c) suddenly

Antonyms:

Choose the most appropriate antonym of the underlined word.

1. Imagination of odd things always leads to absolute humour.
(a) tragedy
(b) beauty
(c) comedy
(d) danger
Answer:
(a) tragedy

2. The ghost raised such a hullabaloo of misunderstandings.
(a) misinterpretation
(b) calculations
(c) silence
(d) tumult
Answer:
(c) silence

3. Its advent caused my mother to throw a shoe.
(a) initiation
(b) departure
(c) calmness
(d) dawn
Answer:
(b) departure

4. They began about a quarter past one o’clock in the morning.
(a) started
(b) culminated
(c) culminated
(d) brought
Answer:
(b) culminated

5. My mother was asleep in one room upstairs.
(a) lethargic
(b) brimming
(c) awake
(d) dozing
Answer:
(c) awake

6. The old walnut bed, you will remember, fell on my father.
(a) agree
(b) blame
(c) forget
(d) daring
Answer:
(c) forget

7. They were the steps of a man walking rapidly.
(a) forcibly
(b) speedily
(c) hurriedly
(d) leisurely
Answer:
(d) leisurely

8. The steps kept going round and round at regular intervals.
(a) unvarying
(b) irregular
(c) consistent
(d) reckless
Answer:
(b) irregular

9. It did not enter my mind until later that it was a ghost.
(a) fixture
(b) earlier
(c) advanced
(d) latter
Answer:
(b) earlier

10. The steps had ceased.
(a) stopped
(b) seized
(c) begun
(d) terminated
Answer:
(c) begun

11. The slamming of the doors had aroused mother.
(a) dampened
(b) below
(c) above
(d) finite
Answer:
(a) dampened

12. ‘What was all that running around downstairs?’ said mother.
(a) stairway
(b) attic
(c) dining
(d) upstairs
Answer:
(d) upstairs

13. Bodwell was subject to mild ‘attacks’.
(a) trivial
(b) serious
(c) insignificant
(d) meagre
Answer:
(b) serious

14. The police were on hand in a commendably short time.
(a) laudably
(b) outrageously
(c) committedly
(d) admirably
Answer:
(b) outrageously

15. They came in a patrol wagon with a few reporters.
(a) meagre
(b) limited
(c) many
(d) scarce
Answer:
(c) many

16. Finally the cops put their shoulders to our big heavy front door.
(a) light
(b) substantial
(c) hefty
(d) dense
Answer:
(a) light

17. He believed that General Meade’s men, were beginning to retreat.
(a) rejoice
(b) advance
(c) evacuation
(d) withdrawal
Answer:
(b) advance

18. The; cops were reluctant to leave.
(a) indisposed
(b) settle
(c) keen
(d) lazy
Answer:
(c) keen

19. The night had been distinctly a defeat for them.
(a) victory
(b) setback
(c) conquest
(d) destiny
Answer:
(a) victory

20. The reporter was a thin-faced, wispy man.
(a) fine
(b) flimsy
(c) thin
(d) substantial
Answer:
(d) substantial

We hope the data given here will benefit you to the fullest extent at the time of preparation. For better understanding of English subject this Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Solutions for Class 10th English Prose Chapter 2 The Night the Ghost Got in PDF is the best resource. Download & ace up your preparation. Keep in touch with us and get the latest information on Tamilnadu State board Textbook Solutions PDF.

Students can Download Accountancy Chapter 5 Trial Balance Questions and Answers, Notes Pdf, Samacheer Kalvi 11th Accountancy Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th Accountancy Solutions Chapter 5 Trial Balance

Samacheer Kalvi 11th Accountancy Trial Balance Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. Multiple Choice Questions
Choose the Correct Answer

11th Accountancy Chapter 5 Book Back Answers Question 1.
Trial balance is a ………………
(a) Statement
(b) Account
(c) Ledger
(d) Journal
Answer:
(a) Statement

Trial Balance Questions With Solutions Pdf Question 2.
After the preparation of ledger, the next step is the preparation of ………………
(a) Trading account
(b) Trial balance
(c) Journal
(d) Profit and loss account
Answer:
(b) Trial balance

11th Accountancy 5th Chapter Solutions Question 3.
The trial balance contains the balances of ………………
(a) Only personal accounts
(b) Only real accounts
(c) Only nominal accounts
(d) All accounts
Answer:
(d) All accounts

Trial Balance Questions And Answers Pdf Question 4.
Which of the following is/are the objective(s) of preparing trial balance?
(a) Serving as the summary of all the ledger accounts
(b) Helping in the preparation of final accounts
(c) Examining arithmetical accuracy of accounts
(d) (a), (b) and (c)
Answer:
(d) (a), (b) and (c)

Accounting 11 Chapter 5 Answers Question 5.
While preparing the trial balance, the accountant finds that the total of the credit column is short by ₹ 200. This difference will be ………………
(a) Debited to suspense account
(b) Credited to suspense account
(c) Adjusted to any of the debit balance
(d) Adjusted to any of the credit balance
Answer:
(b) Credited to suspense account

Trial Balance Questions And Answers Question 6.
A list which contains balances of accounts to know whether the debit and credit balances are matched is ………………
(a) Journal
(b) Day book
(c) Trial balance
(d) Balance sheet
Answer:
(c) Trial balance

Trial Balance Question Question 7.
Which of the following method(s) can be used for preparing trial balance?
(a) Balance method
(b) Total method
(c) Total and Balance method
(d) (a), (b) and (c)
Answer:
(d) (a), (b) and (c)

Trial Balance Questions Question 8.
The account which has a debit balance and is shown in the debit column of the trial balance is ………………
(a) Sundry creditors account
(b) Bills payable account
(c) Drawings account
(d) Capital account
Answer:
(c) Drawings account

Trial Balance Question And Answer Question 9.
The difference of totals of both debit and credit side of trial balance is transferred to ………………
(a) Trading account
(b) Difference account
(c) Suspense account
(d) Miscellaneous account
Answer:
(c) Suspense account

Trial Balance Sums Question 10.
Trial balance is prepared ………………
(a) At the end of the year
(b) On a particular date
(c) For a year
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(b) On a particular date

II. Very Short Answer Questions

Trial Balance Class 11 Pdf Question 1.
What is trial balance?
Answer:
Trial balance is a statement containing the debit and credit balances of all ledger accounts on a particular date. It is arranged in the form of debit and credit columns placed side by side and prepared with the object of checking the arithmetical accuracy of entries made in the books of accounts and to facilitate preparation of financial statements.

Samacheer Kalvi Guru 11th Accountancy Question 2.
Give the format of trial balance.
Answer:
Trial balance is prepared in the following format under the balance method:

Trial Balance Questions With Solutions Question 3.
What are the methods of preparation of trial balance?
Answer:

1. Balanced method
2. Total method
3. Total and balance method

Trial Balance Questions With Answers Question 4.
State whether the balance of the following accounts should be placed in the debit or the credit column of the trial balance:

1. Carriage outwards
2. Carriage inwards
3. Sales
4. Purchases
5. Bad debts vi. Interest paid
6. Interest received
7. Discount received
8. Capital
9. Drawings
10. Sales returns
11. Purchase returns

Answer:
Trial balance as on 31^st March, 2017

III. Short Answer Questions

Trial Balance Chapter Pdf Question 1.
What are the objectives of preparing trial balance?
Answer:
Trial balance is prepared with the following objectives:
1. Test of arithmetical accuracy:
Trial balance is the means by which the arithmetical accuracy of the book – keeping work is checked. When the totals of debit column and credit column in the trial balance are equal, it is assumed that posting from subsidiary books, balancing of ledger accounts, etc. are arithmetically correct. However, there may be some errors which are not disclosed by trial balance.

2. Basis for preparing final accounts:
Financial statements, namely, trading and profit and loss account and balance sheet are prepared on the basis of summary of ledger balances obtained from the trial balance.

3. Location of errors:
When the trial balance does not tally, it is an indication that certain errors have occurred. The errors may have occurred at one or more of the stages of accounting process, namely, journalising or recording in subsidiary books, totalling subsidiary books, posting in ledger accounts.

Balancing the ledger accounts, carrying ledger account balances to the trial balance and totalling the trial balance columns, etc. Hence, the errors should be located and rectified before preparing the financial statements.

4. Summarised information of ledger accounts:
The summary of ledger accounts is shown in the trial balance. Ledger accounts have to be seen only when details are required in respect of an account.

Trial Balance Exercise With Answer Pdf Question 2.
What are the limitations of trial balance?
Answer:
The following are the limitations of trial balance:

1. It is possible to prepare trial balance of an organisation, only if the double entry system is followed.
2. Even if some transactions are omitted, the trial balance will tally.
3. Trial balance may tally even though errors are committed in the books of account,
4. If trial balance is not prepared in a systematic way, the final accounts prepared on the basis of trial balance may not depict the actual state of affairs of the concern.
5. Agreement of trial balance is not a conclusive proof of arithmetical accuracy of entries made in the accounting records. This is because there are certain errors which are not : disclosed by trial balance such as complete omission of a transaction, compensating errors and error of principle.

Accountancy Class 11 Chapter 5 Solutions Question 3.
‘A trial balance is only a prima facie evidence of the arithmetical accuracy of records’. Do you agree with this statement? Give reasons.
Answer:
Yes, I agree with the statement. ‘A trial balance is only a prima facie evidence of the arithmetical accuracy of records.

Reasons:
Trial balance is the means by which the arithmetical accuracy of the book – keeping. work is checked. When the totals of debit column and credit column in the trial balance are equal, it is assumed that porting from subsidiary books, balancing of ledger accounts, etc.

IV. Exercises

Trial Balance Sums For Class 11 Question 1.
Prepare a trial balance with the following information: (3 Marks)

Answer:
Trial balance

Chapter 5 Accounts Class 11 Solutions Question 2.
Prepare the trial balance from the following information: (3 Marks)

Answer:
Trial Balance

Samacheer Kalvi Accountancy 11th Question 3.
Prepare the trial balance from the following balances of Chandramohan as on 31^st March, 2017. (3 Marks)

Answer:
Trial balance of Chandramohan as on 31^st March, 2017

Samacheer Kalvi 11th Accountancy Guide Question 4.
Prepare the trial balance from the following balances of Babu as on 31^st March, 2016. (3 Marks)

Answer:
Trial balance of Babu as on 31^st March, 2016

Question 5.
From the following balances of Aijun, prepare the trial balance as on 31^st March, 2018. (3 Marks)

Answer:
Trial balance of Arjun as on 31^st March, 2018

Question 6.
Prepare the trial balance from the following balances of Rajesh as on 31^st March, 2017. (3 Marks)

Answer:
Trial balance of Rajesh as on 31^st March, 2017

Question 7.
Prepare the trial balance from the following balances of Karthik as on 31^st March, 2017. (3 Marks)

Answer:
Trial balance of Karthik as on 31^st March, 2017

Question 8.
From the following balance of Rohini, Prepare the trial balance as on 31^st March, 2016. (3 Marks)

Answer:
Trial balance of Rohini as on 31^st March, 2017

Question 9.
Balan who has a car driving school gives you the following ledger balances. Prepare trial balance as on 31^st December, 2016. (3 Marks)

Answer:
Trial balance of Balan as on 31^st March, 2017

Question 10.
The following balances are extracted from the books of Ravichandran on 31^st December, 2016. Prepare the trial balance. (5 Marks)

Answer:
Trial balance of Rohini as on 31^st March, 2017

Question 11.
From the following balances, Prepare trial balanceof Baskar as on 31^st March 2017. Transfer the difference, if any, to suspense account. (5 Marks)

Answer:
Trial balance of Rohini as on 31^st March, 2017

Question 12.
From the following balances extracted from the books of Rajeshwari as on 31^st March, 2017, prepare the trial balance.

Answer:
Trial balance of Rajeshwari as on 31^st March, 2017

Question 13.
Correct the following trail balance:

Answer:
The Corrected Trial balance

Textbook Case Study Solved

Question 1.
Mary runs a textile store. She has prepared the following trial balance from her ledger balances. Her trial balance does not tally. She needs your help to check whether what she has done is correct.

Solution:
There are some errors in Mary’s Trial balance. The corrected trial balance has been written below:
The Corrected Trial balance of Mary

You can Download Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Book Solutions Guide Pdf, Tamilnadu State Board help you to revise the complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Solutions Chapter 14 Acids, Bases and Salts

Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Acids, Bases and Salts Textbook Exercises

I. Choose the correct answer.

Chapter 14 Acids, Bases And Salts Question 1.
Zn + 2HCl ➝ ZnCl₂ + ………….. ↑
(a) H₂
(b) O₂
(c) CO₂
Answer:
(a) H₂

Acids Bases And Salts Class 9 Samacheer Kalvi Question 2.
Apple contains malic acid. Orange contains ……………….
(a) citric acid
(b) ascorbic acid
Answer:
(b) ascorbic acid

9th Class Science Acids Bases And Salts Question 3.
Acids in plants and animals are organic acids. Whereas Acids in rocks and minerals are ………………..
(a) Inorganic acids
(b) Weak acids
Answer:
(a) Inorganic acids

Acids Bases And Salts Samacheer Kalvi Question 4.
Acids turn blue litmus paper to …………………
(a) Green
(b) Red
(c) Orange
Answer:
(b) Red

9th Acid Base And Salt Question 5.
Since metal carbonate and metal bicarbonate are basic they react with acids to give salt and water with the liberation of ………………
(a) NO₂
(b) SO₂
(c) CO₂
Answer:
(c) CO₂

Acid Base And Salt 9th Class Exercise Question 6.
The hydrated salt of copper sulphate has …………….. colour
(a) Red
(b) White
(c) Blue
Answer:
(c) Blue

II. Answer in brief.

Acids, Bases And Salts Samacheer Kalvi Question 1.
Name any two metals which do not react with sodium hydroxide.
Answer:
Few metals do not react with sodium hydroxide. For example: Cu, Ag, Cr.

9th Class Science Acids, Bases And Salts Question Answer Question 2.
Write any four uses of acids.

• Sulphuric acid is called King of Chemicals because it is used in the preparation of many other compounds. It is used in car batteries also.
• Hydrochloric acid is used as a cleansing agent in toilets.
• Citric acid is used in the preparation of effervescent salts and as a food preservative.
• Nitric acid is used in the manufacture of fertilizers, dyes, paints and drugs.

Acid Base And Salts Exercise 9th Class Question 3.
Give the significance of pH of soil in agriculture.
Answer:
In agriculture, the pH of soil is very important. Citrus fruits require slightly alkaline soil, while rice requires acidic soil and sugarcane requires neutral soil.

Acid Base And Salts Book Back Answers Question 4.
When does the acid rain occur?
Answer:
The pH of rain water is approximately 7 which means that it is neutral and also represents its high purity. If the atmospheric air is polluted with oxide gases of sulphur and nitrogen, they get dissolved in rainwater and make its pH less than 7. Thus, if the pH of rain water is less than 7, then it is called acid rain.

Acids, Bases And Salts Class 9 Pdf Question 5.
What are the uses of Plaster of Paris?
Answer:

1. It is used for plastering bones
2. It is used for making casts for statues.

Acid Base And Salts Class 9 Question 6.
Two adds ‘A’ and ‘B’ are given. Acid A gives one hydrogen ion per molecule of the acid in solution. Acid B gives two hydrogen ions per molecule of the acid in solution.

1. Find out acid A and acid B.
2. Which acid is called the King of Chemicals?

Answer:

1. Acid A is HCl and Acid B is H₂SO₄
2. Sulphuric acid is called the King of Chemicals.

Acids Bases And Salts Question Bank Question 7.
Define aquaregia.
Answer:
Metals like gold and silver are not reactive with either HCl or HNO₃. But the mixture of these two acids can dissolve gold. This mixture is called Aquaregia. It is a mixture of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid prepared optimally in a molar ratio of 3:1. It is a yellow- orange fuming liquid. It is a highly corrosive liquid, able to attack gold and other resistant substances.

Acids Bases And Salts Class 9 Questions And Answers Question 8.
Correct the mistakes:

1. Washing soda is used for making cakes and bread soft, spongy.
2. Calcium sulphate hemihydrate is used in textile industry.

Answer:

1. Baking soda is used for making cakes and bread soft, spongy.
2. Calcium Oxychloride hemihydrate is used in textile industry.

Acids Bases And Salts Solutions Question 9.
What is neutralization reaction? Give an example.
Acids and bases neutralize each other to form corresponding salts and water.
Example: Bases react with acids to form salt and water.
KOH + HCl ➝ KCl + H₂O
The above reaction between a base and an acid is known as Neutralisation reaction.

III. Answer in detail.

Class 9 Science Chapter 5 Acids Bases And Salts Question 1.
Why does distilled water not conduct electricity whereas rain water does?
Answer:
Distilled water is created through the process of distillation.

In this process, the pure water (H₂O) is boiled to remove contaminants. This is done by the capturing of steam that rises after boiling of water followed by cooling. This is distilled water and is free of ions that are required for the conduction of electricity. Whereas, the pollutants present in the atmospheric air gets dissolved in rainwater which provides necessary ions for the conduction of electricity.

Question 2.
Plaster of Paris should be stored in a moisture proof container. Why?
Answer:
The Plaster of Paris .should be stored in a moisture-proof container as it turns into a hard substance known as gypsum on absorption of water from moisture.

Question 3.
Write any four uses of bases.
Answer:

1. Sodium hydroxide is used in the manufacture of soap.
2. Calcium hydroxide is used in white washing of building.
3. Magnesium hydroxide is used as a medicine for stomach disorder.
4. Ammonium hydroxide is used to remove grease stains from cloths

Question 4.
Write any five uses of salts.
Answer:
Common Salt (NaCl): It is used in our daily food and used as a preservative.

1. Washing Soda (Sodium Carbonate):
   • It is used in softening hard water.
   • It is used in glass, soap and paper industries.
2. Baking Soda (Sodium bicarbonate -NaHC0₃):
   • It is used in making of baking powder which is a mixture of baking soda and tartaric acid.
   • It is used in soda-acid fire extinguishers.
   • Baking powder is used to make cakes and bread, soft and spongy.
   • It neutralizes excess acid in the stomach and provides relief.
3. Bleaching powder (Calcium Oxychloride – CaOCl₂)
   • It is used as disinfectant.
   • It is used in textile industry for bleaching cotton and linen.
4. Plaster of Paris (Calcium Sulphate Hemihydrate – CaS0₄ . \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\)H20)
   • It is used for plastering bones
   • It is used for making casts for statues

Question 5.
Sulphuric acid is called King of Chemicals. Why is it called so?
Answer:
Sulphuric acid is called King of Chemicals because it is used in the preparation of many Other compounds. It is used in car batteries also.
Acids react with metallic oxides to give salt and water.
CaO + H₂S0₄ CaS0₄ + H₂0

Activity

Question 1.
Take about 10 ml of dilute hydrochloric acid in a test tube and add a few pieces of zinc granules into it. What do you observe? Why are bubbles formed in the solution?
Answer:
Take a burning candle near a bubble containing hydrogen gas, the flame goes off with a ‘Popping’ sound. This confirms that metal displaces hydrogen gas from the dilute acid.
Bubbles are formed as Zinc reacts with HCl to form ZnCl and Hydrogen gas is released.

Question 2.

• Take solutions of hydrochloric acid or sulphuric acid.
• Fix two nails on a cork and place the cork in a 100 ml beaker.
• Connect the nails to the two terminals of a 6V battery through a bulb and a switch as shown in Figure.
• Now pour some dilute HCl in the beaker and switch on the current.
• Repeat the activity with dilute sulphuric acid, glucose and alcohol solutions. What do you observe now?
• Does the bulb glow in all cases?

Answer:
The bulb glows when the solution in the beaker is hydrochloric acid or sulphuric acid as they ionise into H⁺ ions thus facilitating the flow of current.
Both hydrochloric acid and sulphuric acid readily ionise to H⁺, Cl^– and 2H⁺ and SO^4- in solution and thus conduct electricity letting the bulb glow. Whereas glucose and alcohol do not ionise and hence the bulb doesn’t glow.

Question 3.
Collect the following samples from the science laboratory – Hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid and Nitric acid, Sodium hydroxide, Potassium hydroxide. Take 2 ml of each solution in a test tube and test with a litmus paper and indicators phenolphthalein and Methyl orange. Tabulate your observations.

Question 4.
Fill in the blanks in the following table based on the concept of water of crystallisation.

Answer:

Question 5.
Boil about 100 ml of ground water in a vessel to dryness. After all the water get evaporated observe the inner wall of the vessel. Can you observe any deposits?
Answer:
Yes, this is the deposit of dissolved salts present in water.

Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Acids, Bases and Salts Additional Questions

I. Short answers questions.

Question 1.
What are acids?
Answer:
Acids are those with chemical properties that includes; turning litmus red, neutralizing alkalis, and dissolving some metals; typically, a corrosive or sour-tasting liquid present in curd, fruit juices, vinegar, etc. The word ‘acid’ is derived from the Latin name “acidus” which means sour taste.

Question 2.
Why is the term basicity is used for acids?
Answer:
The term basicity is used for acids since they have replaceable hydrogen atoms in a molecule.

Question 3.
What are bases?
Answer:
According to Arrhenius theory, bases are substances that ionise in water to form hydroxyl ions (OH^–). Bases that are soluble in water are called alkalis.

Question 4.
“All alkalis are bases, but not all bases are alkalis”. Justify this statement.
Answer:
Bases react with acids to neutralise them. Some are insoluble. Soluble bases are called Alkalis. For example CuO (copper oxide) does not dissolve in water, therefore it’s a base. Generally hydroxides of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals are called alkalis.

Question 5.
What is the correct procedure of mixing an acid and water? Why?
Answer:
One has to be cautious while mixing’a concentrated inorganic acid with water. Always the acid must be added to water gently. While adding acid to water, one has to keep stirring the mixture simultaneously. Water should never be added to an acid as it generates huge amount of heat and the mixture can splash out of the container and cause harm to the person handling it, causing bums.

Question 6.
“All acids contain one or more hydrogen atoms, but not all substances containing hydrogen are acids.” Support this statement with examples.
Answer:
HCl (hydrochloric acid), H₂SO₄ (sulphuric acid) and HNO₃ (Nitric acid) are all examples of inorganic acids. They all have the hydrogen atom in common. Most acids essentially contain one or more hydrogen atoms. Whereas water (H₂0) also contains hydrogen, but it is not an acid. Similarly molecule of methane and ammonia also contain hydrogen, but all these do not produce H⁺ ions in aqueous solutions. Therefore it can be said that “all acids contain hydrogen, but all substances containing hydrogen are not acids.”

Question 7.
Explain the role of pH in our digestive system.
Answer:
The pH of saliva is usually between 6.5 – 7.5.
pH of stomach fluid is approximately 2.0. This is because it produces hydrochloric acid which helps in the digestion of food without harming the stomach. pH in the small and large intestine ranges from 4.0 to 7.0.

II. Long answers questions.

Question 1.
Explain water of crystallisation.
Answer:
Many salts are found as crystals with water molecules they contain. These water molecules are known as water of crystallisation. Salts that contain water of crystallisation are called ‘ hydrated salts. The number of molecules of water hydrated to a salt is indicated after the dot in its chemical formula. For example, copper sulphate crystal have five molecules of water for each molecule of copper sulphate. It is written as CuS0₄.5H₂0 and named as copper sulphate pentahydrate. This water of crystallisation makes the copper sulphate blue.

When it is heated, it loses its water molecules and becomes white. Salts that do not contain water of crystallisation is called anhydrous salt.

Question 2.
What are four types of salts?
Answer:
Types of Salts

1. Normal Salts
   A normal salt is obtained by complete neutralization of an acid by a base.
   NaOH + HCl ➝ NaCl + H₂O
2. Acid Salts
   It is derived from the partial replacement of hydrogen ions of an acid by a metal. When a calculated amount of a base is added to a polybasic acid, acid salt is obtained.
   NaOH + H₂S0₂ ➝ NaHS0₄ + H₂0
3. Basic Salts
   Basic salts are formed by the partial replacement of hydroxide ions of a diacidic or triacidic base with an acid radical.
   Pb(OH)₂ + HCl ➝ Pb(OH)Cl + H₂O
4. Double Salts
   Double salts are formed by the combination of the saturated solution of two simple salts in equimolar ratio followed by crystallization. For example, Potash alum is a mixture of potassium sulphate and aluminium sulphate.
   KAI(SO₄)_2·12H₂O

Question 3.
Classify acids based on their sources and basicity.
Answer:
Acids are classified in different ways as follows:
Based on their sources:

1. Organic acids: Acids present in plants and animals (living things) are organic acids. Example: HCOOH, CH₃COOH
2. Inorganic acids: Acids prepared from rocks and minerals are inorganic acids or mineral acids. Example: HCl, HNO₃, H₂SO₄

Based on their Basicity:

1. Monobasic Acid: Acid that contain only one replaceable hydrogen atom per molecule is called monobasic acid. It gives one hydrogen ion per molecule of the acid in solution. Example: HCl, HNO₃
2. Dibasic Acid: An acid which gives two hydrogen ions per molecule of the acid in solution. Example: H₃SO₄, H₂CO₃
3. Tribasic Acid: An acid which gives three hydrogen ions per molecule of the acid in solution. Example: H₃P0₄

Question 4.
Name the acid present in the given table.
Answer:
Acid and its source

Question 5.
Describe the tests used to determine acids and bases.
Answer:
Take 10 ml of solution in a test tube and test with a litmus paper or indicators like phenolphthalein and methyl orange.

1. Test with a litmus paper: An acid turns blue litmus paper into red. A base turns red litmus paper into blue.
2. Test with an indicator Phenolphthalein: In acid medium, phenolphthalein is colourless.
   In basic medium, phenolphthalein is pink in colour.
3. Test with an indicator Methyl orange: In acid medium, methyl orange is pink in colour. In basic medium, methyl orange is yellow in colour.

Question 6.
Differentiate between Acids and Bases.
Answer:

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In the Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Guide for Chapter 3 Empowered Women Navigating The World textbook solutions, subject experts covered all types of questions and answers related to the topics, quick notes, summary, solved & unsolved exercises, etc. If you are planning to prepare Chapter 3 Empowered Women Navigating The World via textbook, then you’re suggested to go with this Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Book Solutions Questions and Answers PDF for better understanding and preparation.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Solutions Prose Chapter 3 Empowered Women Navigating The World

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Empowered Women Navigating The World warm up:

1 Read the statements given below and match the issues accordingly.

1. The marriage of a young girl below 18.
2. A transfer ofdurable goods/property that the bride’s family gives to the bridegroom as a condition of the marriage.
3. The intentional killing of a baby girl due to the preference for male babies in the family.
4. Repeated and unwelcome sexual comments, looks, or physical contact at work place made by men that could offend women.
5. A women deciding to remarry despite opposition from relatives /society.
6. Women excelling in many fields overcoming many hurdles.

Answer:

2. Discuss with your friend the role of a women in building a family. What are the roles played by her?
Answer:
Women are the forerunners of a nation. Indian culture attaches great importance to women. Women comprise half of world’s population. Women are the key to sustainable development and quality of life in the family. The varieties of role the women assume in the family are those of spouse, leader, manager, supervisor of family income and last but not the least important the role of a mother.

3. What do you think of the status of women in the modern society.
Answer:
Status of Indian Women has changed radically during the modem period. Both the structural and cultural changes provided equality of opportunities to women. With the help of these changes, exploitation of women, to a great extent was reduced. More freedom and better orientation were provided to the women’s organisation to pursue their interest in all fields.

4. Compare the status of women in the past with the present.
Answer:
Women of the past were generally the keeper of the home. She made the family’s clothes; provided meal and took care of the home needs. She catered to her children all of this by herself until the female children were old enough to be of use. She was more a husband’s slave. She had no power to decide and just obeyed her husband’s orders. But today the role in the family that women play is more so an equal partnership to the man. They both work together to make the family function. Many a times, it is a single mom trying to mn the household chores. She works outside the home and inside the home; feeds her children at home and does whatever she can. She plays the role of a mother and a father sometimes. She does take decisions for the welfare of her family.

5. What is the role of women in the modern society discuss.
Answer:
Now-a-days women have the freedom to be what they want to be, who they want to be and how they want to live. Never before, women had the degree of freedom and self-determination they are experiencing today in this modem society. Yet there are problems and obstacles to be overcome. Sometimes, one feels that the young women of yesterday were freed from a style that narrowed them in numerous ways, only to be forced into another style that confines them today. Women should be free to choose whatever career or lifestyle interests them. Women are surely accepted as our partners in life; our work place; and in our goals to survive and move on.

6. Divide the class into small groups, choose any one eminent women personality of the world. List out her characters. achievements, etc and speak a minute about her?
Answer:

Mother Teresa, the founder of the Order of the Missionaries of Charity, a Roman Catholic congregation of women dedicated her life to helping the poor.

In 1979 she received the Nobel Peace Prize for her humanitarian work. She died in September 1997 and was beatified in October 2003. In December 2015, Pope Francis recognized a second miracle attributed to Mother Teresa, clearing the way for her to be canonized on September 4, 2016. Considered one of the 20th Century’s greatest humanitarians, she was canonized as Saint Teresa of Calcutta in 2016.

Mother Teresa, a Nun and missionary known in the Catholic Church as Saint Teresa of Calcutta, devoted her life to caring the sick and the poor. Mother Teresa was born on August 26, 1910, in Skopje, the current capital of the Republic of Macedonia. The following day, she was baptized as Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu.

She taught in India for 17 years having experienced her “call within a call” in 1946.

Sakshi Malik born on September 3, 1992, is an Indian wrestler who has won a bronze medal in the 58 Kg category at the 2016 Rio Summer Olympics. She has become the first female Indian wrestler who has bagged a medal at the Olympics. Apart from Olympics, Malik had participated and won a silver in the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow and a bronze at the 2015 Asian Wrestling Championships in Doha.

Sakshi Malik hails from Mokhra village of Rohtak district in Haryana. Her father, Sukhbir Malik, is a bus conductor and her mother, Sudeh Malik, is a supervisor at a local health Anganwadi. She was inspired by her grandfather who was also a wrestler. Her wrestling training started when she was just 12. Her coach, Ishwar Dahiya trained her at Rohtak.

Malik is an employee of Indian Railways in its Delhi division and in the commercial department in the Northern Railway Zone. After she won a bronze medal in the Rio Olympics, she was promoted to gazetted officer rank from being a senior clerk at the Indian Railways. She has pursued her post-graduation in Physical Education from Maharshi Dayanand University in Rohtak.

Malik earned her first bronze medal in the 5 8 Kg freestyle event at the Junior World Championships in 2010. Her determination became stronger with this medal, which motivated her to win a gold in 60 Kg category at the 2014 Dave Schultz International Tournament. At the 2014 Glasgow Commonwealth Games, she came out with a bronze medal in the 60 Kg category at the 2015 Asian Championships in Doha, Qatar 2016 Rio Olympics.

Aung San Suu Kyi, also called Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, was born on June 19, 1945, Rangoon, Burma. She was a politician and opposition leader of Myanmar, daughter of Aung San and Khin Kyi and winner of the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1991. She held multiple governmental posts since 2016, including that of state counselor, which essentially made her the de facto leader of the country.

Aung San Suu Kyi was two years old when her father, then the de facto prime minister of what would shortly become independent Burma, was assassinated. She attended schools in Burma until 1960, when her mother was appointed ambassador to India. After further study in India, she attended the University of Oxford, where she met her future husband, the British scholar Michael Aris. She and Aris had two children and lived a rather quiet life until 1988, when she returned to Burma to nurse her dying mother, leaving her husband and sons behind.

Suu Kyi was freed from house arrest in July 1995, although restrictions were placed on her ability to travel outside Yangon. In 2008 the conditions of her house arrest were somewhat loosened, allowing her to receive some magazines as well as letters from her children, who were both living abroad. In May 2009, shortly before her most recent sentence was to be completed, Suu Kyi was arrested and charged with having breached the terms of her house arrest after an intruder (a U.S. citizen) entered her house compound and spent two nights there.

In August she was convicted and sentenced to three years in prison, though the sentence immediately was reduced to 18 months, and she was allowed to serve it while remaining under house arrest. At the time of her conviction, the belief was widespread both within and outside M/anmar that this latest ruling was designed to prevent Suu Kyi from participating in multiparty parliamentary elections (the first since 1990) scheduled for 2010.

The daughter of a candid social activist and educator, Malala Yousafzai was an outstanding student. Her father, who established and administered Khushal Girls High School and College in the city of Mingora where she was educated, encouraged her to follow his path.

Malala Yousafzai was born on July 12, 1997, Mingora, Swat Valley in Pakistan. She gained global attention when she survived an assassination attempt at age 15. In 2014 Yousafzai and Kailash Satyarthi were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace on behalf of children’s rights.

On September 1, 2008, when Yousafzai was 11 years old, her father took her to a local press club in Peshawar to protest the school closings. Her first speech, “How Dare the Taliban Take Away My Basic Right to Education?” was publicized throughout Pakistan. The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) approached Yousafzai’s father in search of someone who might blog for them about TTP me. Under the name Gul Makai, Yousafzai began writing regular entries for BBC Urdu about her daily life.

In October 2011 she was nominated by human rights activist Desmond Tutu for the International Children’s Peace Prize. In December of that year she was awarded Pakistan’s first National Youth Peace Prize later renamed the National Malala Peace Prize.

Empowered Women Navigating The World InText Questions

Empowered Women Navigating The World Question 1.
Wiyat does INSV stand for?
Answer:
INSV stands for Indian Naval Ship Vessel.

10th English Unit 3 Prose Question Answer Question 2.
When was INSV Tarini commissioned to Indian Navy service?
Answer:
INSV Tara-Tarini after undergoing extensive sea trials was commissioned to the Indian Navy service on 18th February, 2017.

Empowered Women Navigating The World Summary Question 3.
Who is Tara-Tarini? After whom was the sailboat named?
Answer:
INSV stands for Indian Naval Ship Vessel.
Tara-Tarini is the patron deity for sailors. The sailboat was named after the famous ‘Tara- Tarini’ temple in Ganjam district of Odisha.

10th English Unit 3 Prose Question 4.
Where did the crew undergo their basic training?
Answer:
The crew underwent their basic sail training courses in Mumbai at the Indian Naval Waterman ship Training Centre (INWTC), and at various schools in the southern naval base in Kochi. They even sailed on INSV Mhadei up and down to Mauritius in 2016 and 2017 and also to Cape Town in December 2016.

Empowered Woman Navigating The World Question 5.
How long were they trained to undertake this voyage?
Answer:
They were trained for almost three years to undertake this voyage.

Empowered Women Navigation The World Question 6.
Which skill was considered important in the selection process?
Answer:
Little survival skills we showcased was considered important in the selection process.

Empowered Women Navigating The World Paragraph Question 7.
Who mentored the crew?
Answer:
The crew was mentored by Commander Dilip Donde.

Question 8.
Which quality of the skipper helped to bring out a successful expedition?
Answer:
To complete the journey with ultimate honesty was the quality of skipper which helped to bring out a successful expedition. Rather than the destination, it was the journey which was the most important. So her contention was to make sure that they go by the rules of circumnavigation which say that one need not use any auxiliary means of repulsion and take anybody else’s assistance.

Question 9.
Who among the crew mentioned about teamwork?
Answer:
Among the crew, it was Payal Gupta who mentioned about teamwork.

Question 10.
When did they witness the brilliant southern lights from the sea? How did the sky appear there?
Answer:
When the crew was crossing the Tasman Sea, they witnessed the brilliant Southern Lights from sea. It was rare to watch that in those months, that too from sea. The entire sky was lit up in green light. There was bioluminescence, dolphins swimming in the wake of the boat like our neighbours and a variety of sea creatures.

Question 11.
What festival did they celebrate during their expedition?
Answer:
They celebrated Diwali during their expedition.

Empowered Women Navigating The World Textual Questions

A. Read the statements given below and state whether they are true or false. If false , then write the correct answer in the space given.

Question 1.
Indian Navy’s all-women crew was the first-ever to circumnavigate the globe.
Answer:
True.

Question 2.
The crew consists of six members of men and women Indian Navy service.
Answer:
False – The crew consisted of all women crew in Indian Navy Service.

Question 3.
Vartika Joshi skippered the crew to circumnavigate the globe.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
The crew started their expedition on 10 July 2017 from Mumbai.
Answer:
False – The crew started their expedition on 10 September, 2017 from Goa.

Question 5.
Dilip Donde was the first person to go on a non-stop solo circumnavigation.
True.

Additional Questions

Question 1.
Navika Sagar Parikrama was a project undertaken with the National policy to empower both men and women to attain their full potential.
Answer:
False – Navika Sagar Parikrama was a project undertaken with the National policy to empower women to attain their full potential.

Question 2.
In the North Pacific, the crew encountered a storm where the seas were almost nine to ten meters high and the winds were picking up to 60-70 knots.
Answer:
False – In the South Pacific, the crew encountered a storm where the seas were almost nine to ten meters high and the winds were picking up to 60-70 knots.

Question 3.
Team effort actually helped in navigating through the 20 hours long storm.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
Two of the crew members were well acquainted with a sail boat or ocean-going boat.
Answer:
False – None of them were acquainted with a sail boat or ocean-going boat.

Question 5.
It covered the expedition in five legs with stop-overs at five ports.
Answer:
False – It covered the expedition in five legs with stop-overs only at four ports.

B. Answer the following questions briefly.

Question 1.
Mention the special features of INSV Tarini.
Answer:
INSV Tarini is the second sailboat of the Indian Navy. It is a 55 foot sailing vessel built indigenously in India by M/s Aquarius Shipyard Pvt. Ltd, located in Goa. After undergoing extensive sea trials, she was commissioned to the Indian Navy service.

Question 2.
What does the term circumnavigation mean?
Answer:
The term, circumnavigate means to travel all the way around something, especially the earth.

Question 3.
How did the all women Indian Navy crew go about their voyage?
Answer:
Indian Navy’s all-women crew was the first-ever to circumnavigate the globe. The crew started their voyage from Goa, flagged off by the Defence Minister of India, Nirmala Sitharaman. It – was a historic day, marked in navigation history, globally. It covered the expedition in five legs with stop-overs at four ports viz. Fremantle, Australia; Lyttelton, New Zealand; Port Stanley, the Falklands and Cape Town, South Africa for replenishment of ration and repair as necessary, before returning to Goa in April 2018. The six member women crew broke many stereotypes during their record-setting sail.

Question 4.
When did the crew start their voyage? When did they return back to India? How many days did it take to complete the expedition?
Answer:
The crew started their voyage on 10th September, 2017 from Goa. They returned back to India on 21st May, 2018. It took them 254 days to complete the expedition.

Question 5.
What sort of training did the crew undergo before their expedition?
Answer:
The crew started with some theoretical courses on navigation, communication and weather prediction. Classroom courses were different from sailing outside. So, they were given hands- on training, like, how to repair things and how to deal with emergencies, when the weather is rough, during medical needs and training needing tactical aspects as well. They underwent their basic sail training courses in Mumbai at the Indian Naval Waterman ship Training Centre (INWTC), and at various schools in the southern naval base in Kochi. They even sailed on INSV Mhadei to Mauritius in 2016 and 2017 and back and also to Cape Town in December 2016.

Question 6.
How did the crew members work as a team to make their expedition successful?
Answer:
The crew members have all sailed and trained the same amount and everybody has their own way of dealing with situations. This was a good thing because they could discuss different ways of solving a problem and choose the best one. When they were at sea, teamwork is vital in the middle of the crisis. Even during the storm when three people would be out on watch, the other three staying inside would be restless. When one would heat the water, the other would heat the gloves because it was also raining.

Question 7.
What challenging tasks did the team face during their voyage?
Answer:
In the South Pacific, they encountered a storm where the seas were almost nine to ten meters high and the winds were picking up to 60-70 knots. It was normal on sea where there was hardly any land mass to stop the winds. However, after a lot of hard work and effort, they were able to fix it together and feel blissful. They would remember those incidents because it gave them the strength to move on and overcome those challenges.

Question 8.
What sort of activities did the crew engage in during their long voyage?
Answer:
During circumnavigation, the crew picked up some hobbies and kept posting pictures of delicacies like golgappas and cakes. They also read books when the weather was pleasant and did some quilling and craft work. While team leader Joshi read comics and the Ramayana during her journey, Swathi loved cooking and so indulged in baking. Swathi also liked crafting I a lot and made some lampshades. They were always entertained being in a group of six. They watched movies and sometimes listened to music. They made parathas, baked cakes and breads, and even made halwa and rasgullas!

Question 9.
Mention the celebrations which the crew enjoyed during their expeditions.
Answer:
At festival times they celebrated and had fun. They celebrated Diwali during their expedition. They celebrated three birthdays including the first birthday of the boat and also specific occasions like crossing the equator, the International Date Line and so on.

Question 10.
Which factor motivated the crew to undertake this expedition?
Answer:
The crew knew that the entire country was watching them and praying for them. So they never wanted them to have a single day thinking that they were in trouble. They knew that it was going to happen but the people out there did not know what kind of challenges they were facing. So, one of the motives that they kept in mind was that they did not want to frighten anyone.

Additional Questions:

Question 1.
Why is Tara-Tarini worshipped?
Answer:
Tara – Tarini is worshipped for safety and success at sea.

Question 2.
What is the meaning of Tarini?
Answer:
The word ‘Tarini’ means ‘boat’ and in Sanskrit it means ‘Saviour’.

Question 3.
What were the problems they faced during their training voyage?
Answer:
As the boat was old, it had minor leaks and repairs. They also ran out of water and food soon.

Question 4.
In what way was the training voyage a tutorial to them?
Answer:
The trip was a tutorial for them on how to manage food, water and even electricity during the big voyage.

Question 5.
What made Aishwarya have second thoughts?
Answer:
When Aishwarya was told about the flare- ups at sea, she had second thoughts about joining the team.

Question 6.
How many applied to be shortlisted to six members of the crew?
Thirty women applied for six of them to be shortlisted, as members of the crew.

Question 7.
What did they mistake a dead sperm whale to be?
Answer:
They mistook a dead whale sperm to be an island from a distance as it was so huge.

Question 8.
What did they do when they witnessed something new in their journey?
As they were not specialists, whenever they spotted something new in the sea, they googled and browsed information to learn more about the species.

Question 9.
How did they plan to manage a storm?
Answer:
Even during the storm when three people would be out on watch, the other three who would be inside wouldn’t be able to rest. When somebody heated the water, the other person would heat the gloves because it was raining also.

Question 10.
How many hours was the storm and what helped them to stay safe?
Answer:
Team effort helped them to stay safe and navigate through the 20 hours long storm.

Question 11.
Who were the all women crew members?
Answer:
Indian Navy’s all-women crew was skippered by Lt. Commander Vartika Joshi. The other members in the women team were Lt. Cdr. Pratibh Jamwal, Lt. Cdr. Swathi Patarapalli, Lt. Aishwarya Boddapati, Lt. Sh. Vijaya Devi and Lt. Payal Gupta.

C. Answer the following in about 100-150 words:

Question 1.
Highlight the factors responsible for the all-women Indian Navy crew to carry out their expedition.
Answer:
The support the crew members received was a major factor. When they knew that they were doing well and looked after themselves well, in spite of all apprehensions they were supportive. The crew members’ personal aim and target mattered a lot. Mostly they wanted to make sure that they complete the journey with ultimate honesty without the use of engines.

Than the destination, the journey was important. So their contention was to make sure that they go by the rules of circumnavigation without any means of repulsion and anybody else’s assistance. The L presence of mind and common sense to make decisions and act quickly was an added factor. They had to quickly do an analysis of problem solving techniques. Ego should never come I amidst them. Team work helped them to collaborate and work together. Mutual understanding I was important too.

One would heat the water while the other would heat the gloves or even rested. Over all the confidence you had in each other than the trust and acceptance as every member of the crew to be a family was a must to carry out the expedition.
“It’s about women helping women and women doing things together and supporting each other.”

Question 2.
Write in detail about the selection and training process which the crew underwent
Answer:
Indian Navy’s all-women adventure sailing crew, which aimed at several record-making I achievements with an ambitious circumnavigation of the globe, was in the capital to meet Prime Minister Narendra Modi and the top brass of the Navy, before it embarked on a voyage to circumnavigate earth.

The selection process was indeed not an easy one. In order to promote ocean sailing activities and to encourage women empowerment, the Indian Navy conceptualized this idea of the First Indian All Women Circumnavigation of the Globe. Out of the thirty women who had applied, six of them were shortlisted, based on the little survival skills they showcased. They were led by Lieutenant Commander Vartika Joshi.

These officers had done basic sail training courses at INWTC Mumbai followed by Navigation, Seamanship, Communication and Meteorology courses at various naval training schools at Kochi. After completion of theoretical courses, the officers sailed INSV Mhadei to Vizag for the International Fleet Review 2016 and thereafter to Mauritius and back.

Following that, they sailed the boat on a gruelling voyage to Cape Town in December. Lt. Commander Jamwal revealed that they were selected from different cadres and trained extensively for three-years where they learnt about navigation, communication, weather prediction and sailing.

The selected team was extensively mentored and trained by Dilip Donde, the first Indian to circumnavigate the globe from the Navy in the project ‘Sagar Parikrama’.Classroom courses were different from sailing outside.

So, they were given hands- on training, like, how to repair things and how to deal with emergencies, when the weather got rough. They underwent basic sail training courses in Mumbai at the Indian Naval Waterman ship Training Centre (INWTC), and at various schools in the southern naval base in Kochi.

They even sailed on INSV Mhadei to Mauritius (in 2016 and 2017) and back and also to Cape Town in December 2016. They were trained for almost three years to prepare for the voyage.
“Confidence comes from discipline and training.”

Additional Questions:

Question 1.
What do you know about the Navikaa Sagar Parikrama?
Answer:
Navika Sagar Parikrama was a project undertaken in consonance with the National policy to empower women to attain their full potential. The Project is considered essential towards promoting ocean sailing activities in the Navy while depicting Government of India’s thrust for Nari Shakti which means women power.

The Chief of the Naval Staff, Admiral Sunil Lanba gave his welcome speech when this project was launched. The voyage was aimed to show ‘case ‘Make in India’ initiative by sailing on-board indigenously built INSV Tarini. The special feature of this sailboat is that it encouraged use of environment friendly non-conventional renewable energy resources such as the wind; collected and updated meteorological, ocean and wave data on regular basis for accurate weather forecast by India Meteorological Department (IMD) and also collected data for monitoring marine pollution on high seas.
“The goal is not to sail the boats, bat rather to help the boat sail herself.”

Question 2.
Describe the challenge they faced with the weather condition.
Answer:
One day they were hit by a storm – it was scary to see very high waves, around 9-10 metres high surging the boat at a wind speed of 60 to 70 knots. Though they were prepared for the storm, it was quite challenging. Mountainous waves were surging from behind, pushing them forward. They were in the South Pacific. Luckily, they were sailing downwind. They took turns in steering the boat. When three of them were doing the watch at a time the other three rested.

It was so cold that it was difficult to stand outside for more than an hour. They watched enormous waves break over the top of the boat and sweep across the deck. One can imagine that a blast of saltwater soaking them completely. Sometimes the water would have gushed inside their living space, soaking all their clothes in sea water. The place would have been a mess.
“Accept the challenges so that you can feel the exhiliration of victory.”

Vocabulary:

D. Pick out the idioms and phrases from the box and write them in the blanks equivalent to their meanings. One is done for you.

Answers:

E. Read the given sentences carefully and fill in with appropriate phrasal verbs. Choose them from the help box.

1. The air hostess instructed the passengers to wear the seat belts during the …………….. .
2. Venkat felt happy to……………… the neighbours in the new locality.
3. There will be a ……………… next week in the office.
4. Doing ………………… every day in the morning keeps one healthy.
5. The mother instructed the maid to ………………….. the child carefully.

Answers:

1. takeoff
2. get along with
3. shutdown
4. warm up
5. look after

F. Read the given passage carefully and fill in the blanks with suitable phrasal verbs from the help box.

Riya is a young dancer who feels contented and satisfied with herself. Let’s hear from her.
Hi, everyone! I am Riya. I suppose I’m really lucky because I don’t (1) ………………… weight easily. I never (2) ……………… in the gym and the only time I (3) ……………… is when I need something from the top shelf. I tried aerobics several times but I couldn’t (4) ……………….. with the others. I take my pet for a walk thrice a day though, and that helps to (5) ………………. the calories. I usually watch what I eat but I sometimes binge on ice cream. My sister Diya, is a real fitness fanatic. Before she works out she (6) ………………. every day with push ups, sit ups, stretches and a jog around the park. She says it’s important to (7) ………………. good levels of strength and stamina. I don’t want to overdo it though. A fitness regime like hers would (8) …………… me (9) …………………..!
Answers

1. put on
2. tire out
3. work out
4. keep up
5. bum off out
6. warms up
7. buildup
8. stretch

Listening Activity:

G. Listen to the passage read by the teacher and say whether the given statement is true or false.

Preethi Srinivasan is a former cricketer from Tamil Nadu who played domestic cricket in the 1990’s. At the age of eight, she was the youngest girl to play in the State cricket team. At the age of 17, she captained the Tamil Nadu women’s under-19 cricket team in a national tournament in 1997, and registered its only victory ever.

She was also a state-level gold winner in 50 m breaststroke swimming event. But the following year, she suffered a spinal cord injury in an accident in Puducherry that left her quadriplegic. Her own trauma inspired her to create SoulFree, a foundation that aims to help Indian youth to cope with disabilities related to spinal – cord injuries, and how suitable precautions can help them out.

Instead of the term ‘differently abled’, SoulFree employs the term ‘positively-abled’ for those suffering from a disability. She is active in social life and earned many honours too. In 2018, she received the Kalpana Chawla Award for Courage and Daring Enterprise.

1. Preethi Srinivasan is a former cricketer from Tamil Nadu.
2. At the age of seventeen, she captained the Indian Women’s cricket team.
3. Preethi Srinivasan was not only a cricketer but also a runner.
4. Preethi’s own trauma inspired her to create SoulFree, a foundation for those suffering from mental illness.
5. Preethi received the Kalpana Chawla Award for Courage and Daring Enterprise.

Answers:

1. True
2. False
3. False
4. False
5. True

Speaking Activity:

Story Telling:
Storytelling is an art which involves planning, research and skill. A good storyteller makes decisions ahead that drive their stories forward, engage their audience and relate information important to the telling of the story.

Techniques and Presentation skills:
There are certain techniques that help narrate a story perfectly.

• Remember and recall the plot.
• Create story frame to remember the key events
• Self-narrate the story as a rehearsal
• Change the volume, pitch and tempo of your voice to make the narration effective.
• Use appropriate facial expressions and gestures.
• Include questions and answer them during the narration.
• Retain focus and maintain concentration on what you are narrating
• Sustain eye contact and grab attention of the audience.

H. Read the clues given below and develop your story. Narrate your story to the class. Robert Bruce – King – lying on the ground in a dejected mood – failed to defeat his enemies – was thinking of giving up the attempt – saw a spider falling down from the ceiling – the ceiling far away – wondered how it would get there – the spider fell back again – again it tried – again it fell – it made nine such attempts – no success – climbed up once more – at last succeeded in reaching the roof – Bruce imitated its example – he too tried once again – was successful.

Once upon a time, there was a king by name, Robert Bruce. He was both brave and wise in spite of the defeat he had faced recently. Battle after battle Bruce had fought and was lying on the ground in a dejected mood. He had failed to defeat his enemies and hence was almost giving up another attempt against his foes.

It seemed to him that there was no use for him to try to do anything more. As Robert Bruce lay contemplating and looking at the ceiling, he noticed a spider falling over his head trying to weave her web. He watched her as she worked slowly and with great care. Nine times the spider tried to throw her thread from one edge of the dilapidated room wall to another.

All the nine times her thread fell short. Success was not the spider’s cup of tea. King Robert Bruce too was in a similar situation. Victory over his enemies was not his cup of tea. But to his astonishment, he saw the spider climbing up once more. At last, it succeeded in reaching the roof. Now, King Robert Bruce was inspired by the spider which did not lose hope.

He dismissed his defeat and hopeless nature and swung to action. So he got up and called his men together. He instructed his men of his plans and sent them out with hopeful messages to cheer the discouraged people. Very soon, he set out with an army of brave men around him and now Success was his!

I. Develop a story with the given pictures and narrate it to your class. Your story must have a plot and vivid details.

Santiago, Ranthambore and Bevis happily started for their underwater expedition to the extreme northern coastal area of Charlotte islands. They were well equipped and it was one of the usual underwater expedition. However, 19th May, 1968 wasn’t quite the normal one. The ship, ‘Probably Never Sinks’ did sink into the sea. The three of them dove into the sea 150 miles before Charlotte island.

This disaster turned a blessing in disguise for the three of them. They did find a lot of underwater sea creatures and many coral reefs. Ranthambore, who was a specialist at venturing deep into coral reefs spotted a visage of a fallen emperor.

On being alerted with flashlights, Santiago and Bevis helped Ranthambore to push aside and take the ruin to the surface of the ocean. To their astonishment, they were awestruck at the chest of precious stones under it. They rejoiced at their luck yet knew their civic responsibilities and proceeded towards the Department of Tourism. All the local newspapers and television channels reported their marvellous experience.

Reading:

I. Read the data below and answer the following questions.

Choose the correct answer:

1. What is the data about?
(a) women empowerment
(b) women power
(c) women at work
(d) women at home
Answer:
(c) women at work

2. Identify the three jobs where the same percentage of women work.
(a) Technical Field, Medicine, Environmental
(b) Information Technology, Environmental, Technical Field
(c) Administration/ Human Resources, Earthmoving Workshop, Logistics
(d) Environmental, Technical Field, Earthmoving Workshop
Answer:
(b) Information Technology, Environmental, Technical Field

3. In which field of work is women’s involvement the second highest?
(a) Logistics stores
(b) Home maker
(c) Medicine
(d) Administration/Human resource
Answer:
(c) Medicine

4. Percentage of women working in finance is the same as
(a) Home maker
(b) Information Technology
(c) Technical Field
(d) Administration / Human Resources
Answer:
(d) Administration / Human Resources

5. What is the difference between the percentage of women working in logistics and Medicine?
(a) 8 (b) 11 (c) 13 (d) 5
Answer:
(d) 5

Writing:

J. Read the given slogans and match them appropriately with their theme.

Answer:

K. Look at the images of familiar advertisements given below. Identify the products and try to frame your own slogans for each one of them.

Answer:

L. Look at the pitcures given below and frame your own slogans:

Letter Writing:

M. Exercise:

1. Imagine that you have parked your vehicle (two-wheeler)/ bicycle inside the school premises. You find it missing in the evening. Write a complaint to the head of the school regarding this issue.
From
Ms. XYZ,
(Student ofStd X-C)
D/O Mr. Alagesan
9, South Boag road,
Officer’s colony,
Jawaharpet,
Dindivanam – 604172
2nd August, 2019
To
The Principal,
Sankalwar High School,
43 & 44 Rajarajastreet,
Permalpuram,
Dindivanam – 604174

Sir / Madam,
Subject: Complaint about my Bicycle – Reg.
This morning, I had parked my brand new bicycle which was gifted to me last birthday by my grandparents in the usual place near the school canteen allotted for bicycle parking along with many other cycles. However, I am alarmed to note that the bicycle is missing at the parking lot when I went at 5.10 p.m. after the Remedial class for Mathematics. I do remember seeing my bicycle during the lunch break.

It is a BSA Ladybird Breeze 26T Steel Bicycle, Pink in colour with a Pink seat cover. I request you to kindly look into the matter and do the needful.
Looking forward to your immediate action and thanking you in advance for the same.
Thank you,
Yours faithfully,
XYZ
To
The Principal,
Sankalwar High School,
43 & 44 Rajarajastreet,
Permalpuram,
Dindivanam – 604174

2. Write a complaint to the officer of the PWD department to take immediate actions of maintaining cleanliness in the Children’s Park in your locality.’
From
ABC,
10,Margostreet,
Alandur,
Manamadhurai-630606.
4th December 2021 .
To
The PWD Officer,
Alandur,
Manamadhurai- 630606
Respected Sir,
Sub: Garbage to be removed inside the Children’s Park
I am a resident of Margo street in Alandur. As a resident, I hereby bring to your notice the poor sanitation conditions of this locality. The sanitation is very bad here. The roads here are not swept regularly. Almost every litter area is overflowing with garbage. They have not cleaned the area for nearly a week. Colony children go to the Children’s park on Sullivan street. Foul smell arises from the garbage area there. It has become a place for mosquitoes to breed. Recently, we noticed many children affected by fever. Some are even diagnosed to be suffering from dengue, malaria, etc.
So, I request you to look into this matter seriously and improve the sanitation in this locality. Looking forward to your continued co-operation and stringent action against the sanitation staff in-charge for this locality.
Thank you,
Yours faithfully,
ABC
To
The PWD Officer,
Alandur,
Manamadhurai- 630606

3. Write a letter to the manager of a famous daily, ordering subscription for your school library.
From
The Librarian,
ABC School,
Rajakilpakam,
Chennai – 600073
1st December, 2019
To
The Manager,
Chandama Publishing House,
Kodambakkam,
Chennai – 600024
Dear Sir,
Subject: Subscription for magazines
I hereby request you to renew our Annual subscription for five copies of Chandamama Quest, two copies each of India Today, Periwinkle and Reader’s Digest for the year 2020.
As per the tele-comunication, please find enclosed the cheque for 8750/- only in favour of Chandamama Publishing House.
Thanking you in advance for your continued cooperation.
In anticipation,
Yours sincerely,
Mrs. Rani Rajan
(School Librarian)
To
The Manager,
Chandama Publishing House,
Kodambakkam,
Chennai – 600024

Grammar:

Tenses:

A. Complete the sentences in present tense forms.

1. Saravanan always ……………….. (go) for a walk in the morning.
2. We …………………. (gather) here for a meeting and the chair person is yet to arrive.
3. Arun has ……………… eagerly …………… (wait) to meet her friend since morning.
4. Sheeba …………… (move) to a new house next week.
5. Naseera …………… (attend) music classes regularly.
6. Ilakiya and Adhira …………….. (enjoy) each other’s company very much.
7. Mani ……………… (work) in this school for five years.
8. It ……………. (pour) outside now.

Answers:

1. goes
2. are gathered
3. been, waiting
4. is moving/moves
5. attends
6. enjoy / are enjoying
7. is working
8. is pouring

B. Complete the sentences in past tense forms.

1. I ……………… (go) to her place on foot.
2. The children …………… (play) in the ground when the teacher arrived.
3. They …………… (request) him when the manager arrived.
4. If you ……………..(work) hard, you would have won the relay match
5. Joanna and Joy ……………… already ……………….. (leave) for Ooty, when the others reached the station.
6. We all ……………… (sing) in the choir last week.
7. Nancy ……………… always ………………… (ask) for help.
8. The office goers …………….. (wait) for the train.

Answers

1. went
2. were playing
3. requested
4. had worked
5. had, left
6. sang
7. would, ask
8. waited

C. Fill in the blanks using the verbs in the brackets in the future form.

1. We …………… not ……………… to the market, in case it rains, (go)
2. Keerthi ……………. his work by next week.(do)
3. The peon …………….. the bell by the time I reach the school.(ring)
4. I …………….. my sister’s house next April if I go to Uttarkhand. (visit)
5. If you listen carefully, you ……………… my point, (understand)
6. By next year, I ………….. in Chennai for fifteen years, (live)
7. The new edition of this book ………………. out shortly, (come)
8. She hopes you …………….. her. (help)

Answers:

1.  will, go
2. will do/will be doing
3. will ring
4. will visit
5. will understand
6. would have lived
7. will come
8. will help

D. Underline the verbs and identify the tense forms.

1. I am working hard day and night. …………………………………………………….
2. The Moon revolves around the Earth. ………………………………………………
3. Were the milk men milking the cow? ………………………………………………..
4. He received your messages last night. ……………………………………………..
5. I have been ill for a couple of days. …………………………………………………..

Answers:

1. Present Continuous
2. Simple Present
3. Past Continuous
4. Simple Past
5. Present Perfect

E. In the following passage, some words are missing. Choose the correct words from the given options to complete the passage.

Raghav (1) ……………….. in a middle class family. He is a (2) ……………… boy of 8. His mother (3) ……………………….. as a software engineer in an MNC. (4) ………………… is his favourite hobby. He (5) …………………….. the first prize in school level competition for drawing last week. He (6)………………. drawing at the age of 3. His mother (7) …………. he (8) ………………. a great painter in future.
(a) (i) will be born (ii) is born (iii) born (iv) has born
(b) (i) school-going (ii) going to school (iii) school coming (iv) school gone
(c) (i) working (ii) works (iii) has worked (iv) will work
(d) (i) drawn (ii) had drawn (iii) drawing (iv) having drawn
(e) (i) win (ii) was winning (iii) wins (iv) won
(f) (i) was starting (ii) starting (iii) started (iv) is starting
(g) (i) hoped (ii) hoping (iii) hopes (iv) has hoped
(h) (i) will become (ii) becomes (iii) would become (iv) will be becoming
Answers

1. is born
2. school-going
3. works
4. Drawing
5. won
6. started
7. hopes
8. will become

F. The following passage has not been edited. There is one error in the tense of the verb in each line. Write the wrong word as well as the correct word in the given place. One is done for you.

G. Read the story and rewrite it using the simple past tense.

Juno the elephant is lonely and tries to make friends with the other animals in the forest. But, the other animals refuse to play with Juno because of his size. One day, all the animals are running away from Dera the tiger who is eating everyone he finds. Juno goes and gives Dera a swift kick. Dera immediately runs away. Juno is now everyone’s friend.
Answer:
Juno the elephant was lonely and tried to make friends with the other animals in the forest. But, the other animals refused to play with Juno because of his size. One day, all the animals were running away from Dera the tiger who was eating everyone he found. Juno went and ‘ gave Dera a swift kick. Dera immediately ran away. Juno was now everyone’s friend.

H. Read the situations given and frame two suitable sentences in the appropriate form of the tenses.

Answer:

Empowered Women Navigating The World Summary:

Introduction:
History unveils records of women who faught wars and won accords from age immemorial. Today the advancing technology is bringing to prominence the presence of the empowered women worldwide.

Modern Day Women
Modem day women in India have fought for their freedom and set a very good example for others. The real power of women is currently projected to the world by the advancement of technology and media.

Women’s endeavour into sea Nowadays, women occupy almost all the major positions in society and their accomplishments are tremendous. One such achievement is the All-women Indian Navy crew who circumnavigated the world for 254 days all alone, in a sailboat called Indian Naval Ship Vessel – Tarini. Tara- Tarini is the patron deity for sailors and is worshipped for safety and success at sea.

INSV Tarini
INSV Tarini is the second sailboat of the Indian Navy and the first was the INSV Mhadei. It is a 55 foot sailing vessel built indigenously in India by M/s Aquarius Shipyard Pvt. Ltd, located in Goa. After undergoing extensive sea trials, she was commissioned on 18th February, 2017.

The boat was named after the famous ‘Tara-Tarini’ temple in Ganjam district of Odisha. The word ‘Tarini’ means ‘boat’andin Sanskrit it means ‘Saviour’. INSV Tarini has advance Raymarine navigation suite and an array of satellite communication systems for perfect navigation anywhere in the world.

Navika Sagar Parikrama
Navika Sagar Parikrama was a project undertaken in consonance with the National policy to empower women. The Project is considered essential towards promoting ocean sailing activities in the Navy while depicting Government of India thrust for Nari Shakti which means women power said Chief of the Naval Staff, Admiral Sunil Lanba in his welcome speech. The voyage was aimed to show case ‘Make in India’ initiative. The special feature of this sailboat is that it encouraged use of environment friendly resources, accurate weather forecast by India Meteorological Department (IMD) and also data for monitoring marine pollution on high seas.

Navy’s six women crew
Indian Navy’s all-women crew was the first-ever to circumnavigate the globe skippered by Lt. Commander Vartika Joshi. The all-women team has also Lt. Cdr. Pratibh Jamwal, Lt. Cdr. Swathi Patarapalli, Lt. Aishwarya Boddapati, Lt. Sh. Vijaya Devi and Lt. Payal Gupta as its crew members. The crew started its voyage on 10 September 2017 from Goa, flagged off by the Defence Minister of India. It covered the expedition in five legs with stop-overs at four ports for replenishment of ration and repair. They went around the globe within 254-days and reached Goa port on 21 May 2018.

Conclusion:
Thus we feel proud of women in all fields whatsoever. She landed on moon and she is out in the sea venturing around. So, women be motivated and bring out your best in all that you do.

Empowered Women Navigating The World Glossary:
Textual:

Additional:

Synonyms:

Choose the most appropriate synonym of the underlined word.

1. Gone are the days, where women in India remained indoors.
(a) stayed
(b) realised
(c) regained
(d) signed
Answer:
(a) stayed

2. Women were permitted to go out only with an escort.
(a) enigma
(b) enemy
(c) attendant
(d) competent
Answer:
(c) attendant

3. The real power of women is seen in the advancement of technology and media.
(a) alteration
(b) alignment
(c) deterioration
(d) development
Answer:
(d) development

4. Currently, women’s accomplishments are tremendous in many fields.
(a) tragedy
(b) remarkable
(c) treacherous
(d) changeable
Answer:
(b) remarkable

5. All-women Indian Navy crew circumnavigated the world for 254 days all alone.
(a) brew
(b) alerted
(c) soldiers
(d) team
Answer:
(d) team

6. Tara-Tarini is the patron deity for sailors.
(a) patriotic
(b) supporter
(c) partridge
(d) balancing
Answer:
(b) supporter

7. The vessel is built indigenously in India.
(a) locally
(b) indirectly
(c) invisibly
(d) laboriously
Answer:
(a) locally

8. INSV Tarini has an array of satellite communication systems.
(a) collection
(b) rainbow
(c) disorder
(d) variety
Answer:
(a) collection

9. NSP was a project undertaken in consonance with the National policy.
(a) agreement
(b) alignment
(c) arrangement
(d) continuation
Answer:
(a) agreement

10. The voyage was aimed to show case ‘Make in India’ initiative.
(a) intuition
(b) inventiveness
(c) interrogation
(d) management
Answer:
(b) inventiveness

Antonyms:

Choose the most appropriate antonym of the underlined word.

1. The real power of women though realised earlier, is currently being projected to the world.
(a) presently
(b) formerly
(c) carefully
(d) electrically
Answer:
(b) formerly

2. India Meteorological Department collected data for monitoring marine pollution.
(a) distributed
(b) cancelled
(c) threshold
(d) bridge
Answer:
(a) distributed

3. It covered the expedition in five legs with stop-overs at four ports.
(a) shielded
(b) protected
(c) exposed
(d) hid
Answer:
(c) exposed

4. I wanted to make sure that I complete this journey with ultimate honesty.
(a) honourable
(b) dishonesty
(c) rectitude
(d) scrupulousness
Answer:
(b) dishonesty

5. So my contention was to go by the rules of circumnavigation.
(a) disagreement
(b) agreement
(c) dispute
(d) deputation
Answer:
(b) agreement

6. You don’t have to use any auxiliary means of repulsion.
(a) disgust
(b) revolution
(c) repercussions
(d) attraction
Answer:
(d) attraction

7. In fact, I’d say it was easier for us to collaborate and work together.
(a) difficult
(b) calmer
(c) tranquility
(d) quicker
Answer:
(a) difficult

8. It is about a hurricane force of wind on land.
(a) farce
(b) vigour
(c) weakness
(d) potency
Answer:
(c) weakness

9. I gave my crew members the best dishes with the limited resources.
(a) limitations
(b) partial
(c) incomplete
(d) boundless
Answer:
(d) boundless

10. It is a great boost to women in the country.
(a) broaden
(b) increase
(c) knock
(d) brew
Answer:
(c) knock

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