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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 7th English Solutions Term 2 Prose Chapter 1 Adventures of Don Quixote

Read And Understand

Answer the following questions.

Adventures Of Don Quixote Questions And Answers Question 1.
What kinds of books did Don Quixote like to read? What were these books like?
Answer:
Don Quixote liked to read books about courageous knights and their unbelievable
adventures.

Adventures Of Don Quixote 7th English Question 2.
What effect do the things Don Quixote reads have on him?
Answer:
He was so absorbed in these stories that he never remembered to eat or sleep.

Adventures Of Don Quixote Questions And Answers Pdf Question 3.
Why didn’t Don Quixote believe Sancho Panza when Sancho told him the ogres were actually windmills?
Answer:
As Don Quixote imagined himself placed in the world of knights, he didn’t believe Sancho.

Adventures Of Don Quixote Book Back Answers Question 4.
Why do you think Sancho continued to journey on with Don Quixote after the windmill incident?
Answer:
Sancho continued his journey with Don Quixote after the windmill incident because he wanted to prevent Don Quixote from attempting anything careless.

7th Standard Adventures Of Don Quixote Questions And Answers Question 5.
When Don Quixote sees the cloud of dust on the plain in the distance, what does he think causes it?
Answer:
As Don Quixote and Sancho pass a farm, they see a thick cloud of dust. Don Quixote thinks it to be a great army marching towards them.

7th English Adventures Of Don Quixote Question 6.
Sancho sees two clouds of dust, leading him to conclude that there are two armies. What does Don Quixote think will happen next?
Answer:
He thinks that the neighing of horses, the sound of trumpets and the rattling of drums would lead to a battle between the two armies.

Adventures Of Don Quixote 7th Standard Question 7.
What is the reaction of the shepherds when they see that Don Quixote is attacking their sheep?
Answer:
The shepherds pelted stones at Don Quixote and soon, he fell wounded to the ground.

Think and Do.

Don Quixote Questions And Answers Question 1.
Most people associate windmills with Holland, rather than Spain. Use the encyclopaedia and any other sources you might have to find out more about windmills and their traditional and modern uses. Then, make a model of a windmill to display with the results of your research.
Answer:
Windmill in Holland
Historically, windmills in Holland served many purposes. The most important was pumping water out of the lowlands and back into the rivers beyond the dikes, so that the land could be farmed. In the fourteenth century, hollow-post mills were used to drive scoop wheels to drain the wetlands. In Amsterdam, we can see the “Molen de Otter”, the only wind-powered sawmill left in operation. Today, the 250-year-old windmill park is a fascinating open-air museum. The five biggest windmills in the world are located in the centre of schiedam. “Kinderdijk”

one of the best-known places for ‘windmill watching’. Its 19 windmills, almost all “grondzeilers” are on the UNESCO world heritage list. These mills, which pumped up the polder water, played an important part in shaping the Netherlands.

(Students can make a model of a windmill to display the results of their research.)

7th Standard Adventures Of Don Quixote Question 2.
Draw a design of a boat that skims trash off the surface of a river, lake, or ocean. Label the parts and give your invention a catchy name.

• What kind of vessel could do the job?
• What parts would it have?
• How would it move?
• How could it tell the difference between trash and other objects, such as animals and seaweed?
• How would it store and dump the trash?
• Could your machine double as a beach sweeper, sifting trash from sand?

Students design (draw) a boat that skims trash.

Discuss and Answer.

Adventures Of Don Quixote In Tamil Question 1.
To Dream the Impossible Dream
Don Quixote might be seen as not simply crazy in his refusal to see things as they really are but more like a person who wants to accomplish a greater good and so refuses to compromise his ideals. Examples of such people include Nelson Mandela, Mahatma Gandhi, and Martin Luther King Jr.
Discuss (with examples and other evidence) whether or not they think Quixote deserves to be put in the company of real-world idealists or is merely delusional.
Answer:
Don Quixote is a delusional romantic, who has read too many chivalric adventures. He assumes being a knight in the story and with the transforming power of illusion, makes monsters out of windmills and court-subjects out of ordinary people. This implies that the character of Don Quixote adds significant value on ordinary insignificant objects and people to suit to his perfect world of imagination.

Vocabulary
Homophones
(Homophones are two words that are spelled differently but have the same sound.)

A. Explain the difference between these words by making sentences. One is done for you.

1. see/sea – Can you see the birds flying over the sea?
2. knight/night – Yesterday night, I saw a knight riding on a horse.
3. right/write – Write the address on the right side of the page.
4. arms/alms – She stretched her arms to receive alms
5. fair/fare – The auto fare was not fair.
6. here/hear – I can hear the roaring sound of a lion from here.
7. heard/herd – The herd of cattle heard the ratting sound of the branches.
8. our/hour – It takes one hour to reach our destination.
9. no/know – No one knows about this matter.
10. not/knot – The knot is not tight.

Homonyms

(Homonyms are spelled the same way but differ in meaning.)

B. Read the following sentences and write the meaning of the italicised words. One is done for you.

7th Standard English Adventures Of Don Quixote Question 1.
The bandage was wound around the wound.
wound – injury
wound – past tense of wind

Question 2.
There is a fair Arts and Craft fair this weekend,
fair – good
fair – competition exhibition.

Question 3.
The woodcutter saw a huge saw in his dream,
saw – past tense of see.
saw – tool for cutting wood.

Question 4.
Write the right answers on the right side,
right – correct
right – direction

Question 5.
The well was dug by a well-known king.
well – a deep hole that is dug to get water.
well – famous

Question 6.
We have march past in March.
march – Walking in a military manner.
March – 3rd month of the year.

Question 7.
Can you get me a can?
can – A modal verb requesting permission.
can – a vessel

Question 8.
How long will the live fish live without food?
live – living and not dead.
live – remain alive.

Question 9.
She has tears in her eyes as she tears old photos.
tears – drops of liquid that come from your eyes.
tears – pull apart pr to pieces with force.

Question 10.
I will be second in line iflwait for one more second. second second
second – number a sequence.
second – duration offime.

C. Divide each word by putting a slash (/) symbol between each syllable. In the space provided, write how many syllables each word has. Use a dictionary if you’re not sure where to divide the syllables.
Syllable is a unit of pronunciation having one vowel sound, with or without surrounding consonants, forming the whole or a part of a word; for example, there are two syllables in water. Wa/ter
Answer:

Listening

D. Listen to your teacher reading a passage on Adventure Trips. Visualize the activities. Draw the scenes in the given boxes.

There is a very famous quote by Helen Keller, “Life is either a daring adventure or nothing.” Adventure trips are all about making memories, gaining more knowledge, learning new things about the surroundings and about one’s own self and making lots of great stories. Going for an adventure camp is the best way to get all of these as it forces one to get out of their ordinary lives and try new things.
Adventure camp basically means spending the nights in tents and doing various activities at the camp-site. There are many activities included in camping to make it more exciting and interesting. Some of these are mentioned below:
Water Activities : If your camp site is near a water body then one can do aqua zorbing, water skiing, fishing, swimming, playing water volleyball and other such fun games.
Bonfire : This can be done during winter camping. Campers are made to sit surrounding the bonfire and talk about their stories or perform some acts, such as playing some instrument or singing songs.
Rock Climbing : This activity is meant to provide both physical and mental challenges to the climbers and help them in learning new skills.
Mountain biking : Just a few scratches and the trip can be memorable with new experience of driving bicycles on forest roads.
Answer:

Speaking

E. Read the conversation of the simple machines. Take roles to play. Then discuss in pairs to describe any simple machine. Create your own storyboard and take roles to play.

Jack : Don’t you know how simple machines make your life easy?
Jimmy : Um I don’t know what simple machines are.
Jack : Simple machines are mechanical devices for applying force like a wedge or ramp.
Jimmy : Oh! wow! How did I not know this?
Jack : Like the wheels on hospital bed and IV pole. They help you move people faster by reducing the friction.
Jimmy : Is the stick over there that the TV is attached to, is that a simple machine too?
Jack : Yes it is, its a lever. ‘Ihe wheels on the bus are simple machines, they make the bus move.
Jimmy :What about the doors?
Jack : Yeah the driver pulls a lever and the doors open and you climb up the inclined plane also known as the stairs. The cable in the elevator is wrapped around a groove in the wheel and axle, an electric motor pulls the cable, lifting the car between floors.
Jimmy : So the wheels on the rolling chair are too by rolling the chair back instead of lifting the chair back.
Jack : Yes theyare, they move the chair and reduce the friction.
Answer:
Tom : Simple machines are tools that make our work easier.
Sam : Yes, I do know that. But, do you know that simple Machines can be broken down into six different categories.
Tom : Is it so? What are these different categories?
Sam : They are pulley, lever, wedge, wheel and axle, inclined plane and screw. Wow! What is a pulley?
Tom : It uses grooved wheels and ropes or chains to raise, lower or move a load. I know that a wedge is an object with a sharp slanted.
Sam : Yes. Can you give an example of a wedge?
Tom : Scissors and knives. We use them at home everyday. To what category does a see-saw belong?
Sam : It is a lever.

F. Ask the students to tell a story. It may be a true story or an imaginative story. Choose one of the titles from the following.

• A time l was very late
• A funny story about my friend
• met someone very Interesting
• An unusual event
• A funny story about my life

Answer:
A funny story about my friend.
In the year 2018 my friend had a severe eye pain. He consulted many physicians, but none could treat his ache. At last, he approached a wise monk who carefully observed his eyes and offered a very peculiar solution. The monk told him to concentrate only on green colour for a few weeks and avoid any other colour. My friend was very desperate to get rid of the pain. So he was determined to go to any extent. He appointed a group of painters and directed them to paint every thing in green colour. As I was working in his office, I was surprised to see all this.

After a few weeks, the monk came to visit him to follow up on his progress. As the monk was walking towards the man’s room, the appointed painter poured a bucket of green pain on the monk. The monk enquired about the reason for painting everything green. My friend told him that he was only following the monk’s advice to look at only green. At this, the monk laughed and said, ‘If only you had purchased a pair of green spectacles, you could have saved a large share of your fortune. You cannot paint the world green? .
Moral: So let us change our vision and the world will appear accordingly.

Think about your story

• When did It happen?
• Where were yon?
• Who was there?
• What happened?

Answer:

Picto Grammer

G.Solve the crossword puzzle using superlative adjectives.

H. Put students in pairs and tell them to interview their partner. To do this they must make questions, e.g. What’s the worst storm you’ve ever seen? They can also ask follow-up questions to find out more information. Do feedback on this as a whole class. Other thematic questionnaires of this kind could be:

Emotional experiences

• The most frightened I’ve ever been …
• The happiest moment I’ve ever had …
• The most nervous I’ve ever been …

Musical experiences

• The best song I’ve ever heard …
• The worst song I’ve ever heard …
• The longest time I’ve ever danced …

Places in your life

• The most dangerous place I’ve been in ..
• The cheapest restaurant I’ve eaten in …
• The most boring town I’ve ever visited ..

Answer:
Student 1 : What was the happiest moment your’ve ever had?
Student 2 : The happiest moment was when I received the best award for the Elocution competition in the national level.
Student 1 : How did you feel about that award?
Student 2 : I felt very proud to receive the award in front of all the dignitaries.
Student 1 : Were you nervous to be on the stage?
Student 2 : Yes, at first I was nervous to speak to the audience. But then, after some time, I became normal.
Student 1 : Did you ever dance on the stage?
Student 2 : Yes, I had danced on the stage for the Annual School day celebration.
Student 1 : Excellent! You had a very good opportunity to exhibit your talents and you had utilized the opportunity successfully.

Writing

I. Write a paragraph comparing Don Quixote and Sancho Panza. The following words will help you to write a compare and contrast paragraph

Answer:
The relationship between Don Duixote and Sancho Panza is an important one. Readers can easily understand that the two characters stand for different things. Don Quixote represents illusion. On the other hand Sancho Panza represents reality. They complement each other in a dualistic way
Sancho Panza was a peasant labourer. He was greedy, but kind and faithful. He was also a coward. He is a foil to Don Quixote and virtually to every other character in the story. Don Quixote sees what his mind and imagination create, not which is actually
there. He retreats to a world that holds meaning for him. He wants to be a knight in search of his own adventures, winning fame and honour. Unlike Don, Sancho is more practical. He seeks fortune and has a lot of common sense. But he consistently defers with his master and assents to dangerous schemes. However, Don Quixote despite his folly, Superior to the real world he has to deal with

Creative Writing

j. Local Historians

• Ask students to collect stories about their town from older people.
• Ask them to find out how the streets were named.
• Are there any interesting people or legends to which the street names refer?
• Are there any local places in town about which people tell stories?
• Any haunted house?
• Let students find out when the town was founded and by whom.
• Visit a local historical society to see old photographs or artefacts.

Let student create an original historical fiction :
Describe the town from the point of view of a fictitious citizen who might have lived in the town long ago. Include local issues of the time in the story. Write the story of the town from the fictionalized point of view of a resident who actually lived there.

Activity done by the Students.

Adventures of Don Quixote Additional Questions

I. Choose the correct Synonyms from the options below.

Question 1.
courageous
(a) daring
(b) timid
(c) coward
(d) fearsome
Answer:
(a) daring

Question 2.
exciting
(a) depressing
(b) annoying
(c) thrilling
(d) arousing
Answer:
(c) thrilling

Question 3.
incredible
(a) believable
(b) unbelievable
(c) fact
(d) truth
Answer:
(b) unbelievable

Question 4.
hilarious
(a) frightening
(b) boring
(c) amusing
(d) fascinating
Answer:
(c) amusing

Question 5.
sparkle
(a) shine
(b) glimmer
(c) shade
(d) dark
Answer:
(a) shine

Question 6.
hideous
(a) beautiful
(b) pleasant
(c) oily
(d) ugly
Answer:
(d) ugly

Question 7.
combat
(a) peace
(b) fight
(c) retreat
(d) accord
Answer:
(b) fight

Question 8.
exploits
(a) achievements
(b) devastation
(c) failure
(d) waste
Answer:
(a) achievements

Question 9.
dissuade
(a) permit
(b) prevent
(c) encourage
(d) attract
Answer:
(b) prevent

II. Pick the correct Antonyms

Question 1.
same
(a) different
(b) alike
(c) real
(d) true
Answer:
(a) different

Question 2.
serious
(a) trivial
(b) severe
(c) funny
(d) silly
Answer:
(c) funny

Question 3.
faithful
(a) loyal
(b) dedicated
(c) unfaithful
(d) devoted
Answer:
(c) unfaithful

Question 4.
collided
(a) clashed
(b) missed
(c) agreed
(d) ascended
Answer:
(d) ascended

Question 5.
charged
(a) retreated
(b) denied
(c) attacked
(d) bored
Answer:
(a) retreated

Question 6.
defeated
(a) won
(b) beaten
(c) surrendered
(d) destroyed
Answer:
(a) won

Question 7.
reckless
(a) careless
(b) careful
(c) headless
(d) thoughtless
Answer:
(b) careful

Question 8.
disorder
(a) order
(b) mess
(c) chaos
(d) confusion
Answer:
(a) order

Question 9.
taunted
(a) insulted
(b) teased
(c) ridiculed
(d) praised
Answer:
(d) praised

Question 10.
embarrassed
(a) unsettled
(b) ashamed
(c) proud
(d) shameless
Answer:
(c) proud

III. Choose the Correct Answer (MCQ).

Question 1.
As years passed, Don Quixote imagines himself placed in the world of _____
(a) kings
(b) princes
(c) knights
(d) soldiers
Answer:
(c) knights

Question 2.
He convinces Sancho Panza, a _____from the same village to be his sauire.
(a) woodcutter
(b) well wisher
(c) attendant
(d) peasant
Answer:
(d) peasant

Question3.
Don sets on a _____ in search of a sauire.
(a) journey
(b) voyage
(c) trip
(d)tour
Answer:
(a) journey

Question 4.
Sancho’s shouts and warnings Passed _____
(a) heedless
(b) unheard
(c) untold
(d) careless
Answer:
(b) unheard

Question 5.
Don Quixote’s eyes began to _____
(a) shine
(b) brighten
(c) sparkle
(d) dazzle
Answer:
(c) sparkle

VI. Very Short Questions with Answers.

Question 1.
Where did Don Quixote live?
Answer:
He lived in a village called La Mancha in Spain.

Question 2.
What comes alive in the hilarious account of Don Quixote’s travels?
Answer:
The days of knight and squires of exciting adventures come alive in Don Quixote travels.

Question 3.
Who does he convince to be his squire?
Answer:
He convinces Sancho Panza, a poor peasant to be his squire.

Question 4.
How does he convince Sancho?
Answer:
He convinces him by rewarding him with an island, if he serves him faithfully.

Question 5.
Where did they see a large windmill?
Answer:
They saw a large windmill on the hill in front of them.

V. Short Questions with Answers.

Question 1.
Were Sancho’s warnings heard by Don Quixote? What did he do?
Answer:
Sancho’s shouts and warnings were not heard by Don Quixote. He flew towards the windmill and collided with it.

Question 2.
What did Don Quixote tell Sancho about the windmill, after his attack on it?
Answer:
He told his squire Sancho that the ogre (windmill) was more seriously wounded than him.

Question 3.
What did Sancho do to prevent Don Quixote from attempting anything reckless?
Answer:
Sancho did his best to prevent Don Quixote from attempting anything else reckless. Even though the windmill was working perfectly, he supported Don’s deeds.

Question 4.
What did Don do, when he saw a thick cloud of dust?
Answer:
He thought that they were a great army marching towards them. So he started to name the leaders and the principal knights in each army and described different nations.

Question 5.
What did Don Quixote do to his horse?
Answer :
He set spurs to his horse Rozinante, and charged into the midst of the sheep.

VI. Paragraph Questions with Answers.

Question 1.
How did Don Quixote brush aside the warnings given by his squire?
Answer:
Don Quixote and Sancho Panza set out on a journey together. They saw a large old windmill on a hill. When Don imagined it to be an ogre, Sancho warned him saying that it was only a windmill. But Don brushed aside his warnings asking him to go aside and say his prayers, if he was afraid of them. Again when they saw a dust of cloud, Don thought they were two armies marching towards them. Sancho told him that they were only sheep and lambs. Don paid no heed to him and told him that his fears prevent him from hearing or seeing right.

Question 2.
What did Don Quixote do to the sheep and lambs? How did the animals and the peasants react?
Answer:
Don Quixote set spurs to his horse Rozinante and charged into the midst of the sheep and lambs. At this, the frightened animals fled helter-skelter. The shepherds seeing the cause of their disorder, pelted stones at Don Quixote. He soon fell  wounded to the ground. All the local peasants thought that Don Quixote was crazy. As he passed, they laughed and insulted him. Don thought that they were praising him. But Sancho told him that they were only mocking at him.

Adventures of Don Quixote Vocabulary Additional

Homophones

A. Explain the difference between these words by making sentences.

1. no/know : Do you know the answer? No. I don’t.
2. wear/where : Where do you wear woollen clothes?
3. hare/hair : The colour of your hair is the same as that of the hare.
4. steel/steal : He tried to steal the jewels from the steel almirah.
5. by/buy : He wants to buy a flat by selling his old house.

Homonym
B. Read the following sentences and write the meaning of the italicised words.

1. He hit the bat with his bat.
bat – a mammal
bat – sport equipment (cricket bat)

2. I did not object to the object
object – protest
object – aim (or) purpose

3. I was content to write the whole content of the book,
content – willing to accept
content – the subjects or topics covered in a book

4. They were too close to the door to close it.
close – being near
close – to shut

5. Don’t park your car near the park.
park – to leave a vehicle
park – a public land for recreation

C. Divide each word by putting a slash (/) symbol between each syllable and write how many syllables each word has..

Adventures of Don Quixote Grammer Additional

Degrees of Comparision

Positive	Comparative	Superlative
bad	worse	worst
clever	cleverer	cleverest
dark	darker	darkest
delicious	more delicious	most delicious
easy	easier	easiest
good	better	best
much	more	most
wise	wiser	wisest

A. Choose the Correct Answer.

Question 1.
He is the _____ musician.
(a) good
(b) better
(c) best
Answer:
(c) best

Question 2.
Ravi s handwriting is _____ than that of Muthu.
(a) good
(b) better
(c) best
Answer:
(b) better

Question 3.
He is a _____ person.
(a) good
(b) better
(c) best
Answer:
(a) good

Question 4.
Your answer is the _____ relevent.
(a) more
(b) more than
(c) most
Answer:
(c) most

Question 5.
The Ganges is the _____ river of India.
(a) long
(b) longer
(c) longest
Answer:
(c) longest

Question 6.
Rajasthan is the India’s _____ state by area.
(a) large
(b) largest
(c) larger
Answer:
(c) larger

Question 7.
Goa is the _____ state of India by area.
(a) smallest
(b) smaller
(c) small
Answer:
(a) smallest

Question 8.
Ganesh is the _____ boy in the class.
(a) tall
(b) taller
(c) tallest

Question 9.
He is the _____ player in the team.
(a) good
(b) better
(c) best
Answer:
(c) best

Question 10.
Jupiter is the _____ of all planets.
(a) big
(b) bigger
(c) biggest
Answer:
(c) biggest
Warm up

My Hand of Imagination :

1. Trace around your hand on a white paper.
2. Make a list of your five choices.
3. Draw a picture to indicate what your finger would become.
4. Erase one finger at a time and draw your choice in its place.
5. Write and share in the class.

Answer:

1. Pencil
2. Spoon
3. Scale
4. Pen
5. Writing Pad

Adventures of Don Quixote Summary

There lived a middle aged man in a village called La Mancha in Spain. He loved to read books about courageous knights and the unbelievable adventures they had experienced. He involved himself so much in these adventurous stories that he imagined himself to be one of them. He convinced a poor farmer Sancho Panza to be his squire. The two men set out on a journey together. On the way, they saw a large windmill. Don Quixote imagined it to be an ogre, who was blocking their path. Though his squire tried to convince him that it was only a windmill, he didn’t believe him. He fought with the windmill and got knocked off his horse. Sancho did his best to dissuade Don Quixote from attempting anything reckless.

As they were passing a farm, they saw a thick cloud of dust. Don Quixote thought it to be a great army, marching in their direction. But Sancho knew that they were only sheep and lambs. Paying no heed to his squire, he charged at them with his horse Rozinante. The local farmers thought that he was crazy. They laughed and insulted him. Don Quixote did not understand them. He thought that the people were cheering him. He returned to his estate and realized that all his adventures were simply a product of his imagination. So he never embarrassed himself by going on any more quests. But he lived happily imagining and narrating the most fantastic stories about knights and squires to all the children.

Students can Download English Poem 1 Special Hero Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 8th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 8th English Solutions Term 3 Poem Chapter 1 Special Hero

Special Hero Poem 8th Standard Read And Understand

B. Find a line from the poem to match the statements given below and write it in the blank.

1. He always saves me from harm ________
2. I am so lucky to get you ________
3. The affection between us has no end ________

Answer:

1. “keeping me safe from harm”
2. “How did I get so lucky. You were the Dad chosen for me”.
3. “Our love is everlasting”

C. Answer the following questions.

Special Hero Poem Question 1.
Who is the speaker?
Answer:
The poet Christina M. Kerschen is the speaker.

Special Hero Poem Questions And Answers Question 2.
Who is the special hero mentioned in the poem?
Answer:
The poet’s father is the special hero mentioned in the poem.

Special Hero Question Answer Question 3.
How did the child feel when it was hold by its dad?
Answer:
The child felt the love and kindness of her father. She felt that she was safe from harm. Seems it was sent to me From someplace up above.

Special Hero Poem Lines In English Question 4.
What do the above lines mean?
Answer:
The above lines means that the poet’s father is sent to her from heaven.

Special Hero Poem Summary Question 5.
What did the child want to tell its dad?
Answer:
The child wanted to tell her dad that he was her special hero.

D. Work in pairs and answer the questions below.

8th English Poem Question 1.
“There is something special about a father’s love”.
Identify the alliteration in the given lines.
Answer:
something – special are the alliterated words in the given lines.

Special Hero Question 2.
Pick out the rhyming word from the poem.
Answer:
see – me; love – above; know – so are the rhyming words.

Writing

E. Write a paragraph on the father’s love as described in the poem.
Answer:
The poet describes her father’s love in this poem. When she was a baby, he held her in his arms. She felt his love and kindness. He always kept her safe from harm. She saw his love for her in his eyes. She said that she was lucky that he was the dad chosen for her. There was something special about her father’s love. He was sent to her from heaven. She wanted him to know that their love lasts forever. She also wanted to tell him that he was her special hero.

Special Hero Additional Questions

I. Poem Comprehension – Additional

8th Standard English Poem Question 1.
I felt the love and tenderness
keeping me safe from harm

(a) Who felt the love and tenderness?
Answer:
The poet felt the love and tenderness of her father.

(b) What did he keep her safe?
Answer:
He kept her safe from harm.

(c) What do you mean by‘tenderness’?
Answer:
‘Tenderness’ means “Gentleness and kindness”.

Special Hero Poem Rhyming Words Question 2.
How did I get so lucky,
You were the dad chosen for me

(a) Who was lucky?
Answer:
The poet was lucky.

(b) Why was she lucky?
Answer:
She was lucky because he was the dad chosen for her.

(c) Is the poet excited about her father’s love?
Answer:
Yes, she is excited and feels lucky to get a Dad like him.

II. Poetic Devices.

8th English Special Hero Question Answer Question 1.
Seems it was sent to me from someplace up above
Pick out the alliterated words?
Answer:
Seems – sent are alliterated words.

Special Hero Poem Question Answer Question 2.
I just wanted you to know
That you’re my special hero
and I wanted to tell you so.
Pick out the rhyming words.
Answer:
know – so are the rhyming words.

Warm Up

What are the sacrifices made by your father for your family.

Special Hero Poem Summary In English By Christina M Kerschen

The poem is about the father’s love towards a child. The poet describes her father’s love and care towards her. When she was a baby, he held her in his arms. She felt his love and kindness. He always kept her safe from harm. She was able to experience his love for her in his eyes. She felt that she was lucky that he was the dad chosen for her. There was something special about the father’s love. She thought that he was sent to her from heaven. She just wanted him to know that their love lasts forever. She wanted to tell him that he was her special hero.

You can Download Samacheer Kalvi 8th Science Book Solutions Guide Pdf, Tamilnadu State Board help you to revise the complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 8th Science Solutions Term 1 Chapter 1 Measurement

Samacheer Kalvi 8th Science Measurement Text Book Exercises

I. Choose the best answer

8th Standard Science Measurement Lesson Question Answer Question 1.
Which one the following system of units is the British System of unit?
(a) CGS
(b) MKS
(c) FPS
(d) SI
Answer:
(c) FPS

Samacheer Kalvi 8th Science Solutions Term 1 Chapter 1 Measurement Question 2.
Electric current belongs to …………… quantities
(a) Base
(b) Supplementary
(c) Derived
(d) professional
Answer:
(a) Base

Measurement Lesson 8th Standard Question 3.
SI unit of temperature is
(a) Celsius
(b) Fahrenheit
(c) kelvin
(d) Ampere
Answer:
(c) kelvin

UP

8th Science Measurement Question 4.
Amount of substance is
(a) Directly proportional to the number of atoms
(b) Inversely proportional to the number of atoms
(c) Directly proportional to the square of number of atoms
(d) Inversely proportional to the square of number of atoms
Answer:
(a) directly proportional to the number of atoms

8th Standard Science Measurement Question 5.
Luminous intensity is the intensity of
(a) Laser light
(b) UV light
(c) Visible light
(d) IR light
Answer:
(c) visible light

Measurement 8th Science Question 6.
Which one of the following devices is used to measure electric current
Answer:

8th Science Measurement Question Answer Question 7.
SI unit stands for
(a) International system of units
(b) Integrated System of units
(c) International symbol of units
(d) Integrated symbol of units
Answer:
(a) International system of units

Measurement Book Back Answer Question 8.
Closeness of two or more measured values is called as
(a) Accuracy
(b) Precision
(c) Error
(d) Approximation
Answer:
(b) Precision

UP

Science Measurement Lesson Question Answer Question 9.
Quantities other than base quantities are called as
(a) Supplementary quantities
(b) Derived quantities
(c) Professional quantities
(d) Energy quantities
Answer:
(b) Derived quantities

8th Standard Measurement Lesson Question Answer Question 10.
Which of the following statements about approximation is wrong?
(a) Approximation gives accurate value.
(b) Approximation simplifies the calculation.
(c) Approximation is very useful when little information is available.
(d) Approximation gives the nearest value only.
Answer:
(a) Approximation gives accurate value.

II. Fill in the blanks

1. The solid angle is measured in ……………
2. …………….. recognized the need of ‘Standard Units’ for physical quantities.
3. The coldness or hotness of a substance is expressed by ……………..
4. …………….. is used to measure electric current.
5. ……………… of substance, contains 6.023 x 10⁺²³ atoms or molecules.
6. Luminous Intensity is the amount of visible light, that is emitted in unit area per unit …………….
7. Quartz clock uses …………….. oscillations.
8. The uncertainty in measurement is called as …………….
9. ……………… is the closeness of the measured value to the original value.
10. The intersection of two straight lines gives us ……………….

Answer:

1. Steradian
2. Scientists
3. Temperature
4. Ammeter
5. One mole
6. Solid angle
7. Electronic
8. Error
9. Accuracy
10. plane angle

III. True or False

8th Standard Measurement Lesson Question 1.
SI units are metric system of units.
Answer:
True

Samacheer Kalvi 8th Science Book Solutions Question 2.
Temperature is a measure of total kinetic energy of the particles in a system.
Answer:
False
Correct statement:
Temperature is a measure of average kinetic energy of the particles in a system.

8th Standard Science Measurement Lesson Question 3.
In thermometers, freezing point of water is taken as the Upper Fixed Point.
Answer:
False
Correct statement:
In thermometers, boiling point of water is taken as the Upper Fixed Point.

Measurement Question Answer Question 4.
One coulomb of charge flowing per minute is called ‘ampere’.
Answer:
False
Correct statement:
One coulomb of charge flowing per second is called ‘ampere’.

UP

Measurement 8th Class Question 5.
Amount of substance gives the number of particles present in the substance.
Answer:
True

Measurement Question And Answer Question 6.
Intensity of light from a candle is approximately equal to one ‘candela’.
Answer:
True

Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Measurement Question 7.
Angle formed at the top of a cone is an example of ‘Plane Angle’.
Answer:
True

8th Measurement Question 8.
Quartz clocks are used in GPS Devices.
Answer:
False
Correct statement:
Atomic clocks are used in GPS Devices.

8th Science Measurement Book Back Answers Question 9.
Candela is used to express electric field intensity.
Answer:
False
Correct statement:
Candela is used to express luminous intensity.

Measurement Lesson Question Answer Question 10.
The number 4.582 can be rounded off as 4.58.
Answer:
True

IV. Match the following

Answer:

1. b
2. e
3. d
4. a
5. c

V. Assertion & Reason

Question 1.
Direction: Mark the correct choice as

(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) Assertion is true, but reason is false.
(d) Assertion is false, but reason is true.

Question 1.
Assertion : The SI system of units is the suitable system for measurements.
Reason : The SI unit of temperature is kelvin.
Answer:
(b) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion
Correct explanation :
In SI system the units are precisely defined and have the same value everywhere.

UP

Question 2.
Assertion : Electric current, amount of substance, Luminous Intensity are the fundamental physical quantities.
Reason : They are independent of each other.
Answer:
(a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of the assertion

Question 3.
Assertion : The seconds hand of a clock is having least count of one second.
Reason : Least count is the maximum measurement that can be measured accurately by an instrument.
Answer:
(c) Assertion is true, but reason is false
Correct explanation :
Least count is the minimum measurement that can be measured accurately by an instrument.

Question 4.
Assertion : Avogadro’s number is the number of atoms in one mole of substance.
Reason : Avogadro’s number is a constant.
Answer:
(a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of the assertion

Question 5.
Assertion : Radian is the unit of solid angle.
Reason : One radian is the angle subtended at the centre of a circle by an arc of length equal to its radius.
Answer:
(d) Assertion is false, but reason is true]
Correct explanation :
Radian is the unit of plane angle.

VI. Answer in a word or two (Very Short Answer)

Question 1.
What is the unit of mass in FPS system?
Answer:
Pound.

Question 2.
How many base quantities are included in SI system?
Answer:
Seven.

Question 3.
Give the name of the instrument used for the measurement of temperature.
Answer:
Thermometer.

UP

Question 4.
What is the ‘Lower Fixed Point’ of the Fahrenheit scale?
Answer:
32°F.

Question 5.
What is the SI unit of Luminous Intensity?
Answer:
Candela (cd).

Question 6.
What is the value of Avogadro’s number?
Answer:
6.023 x 1023.

Question 7.
What type of oscillations are used in atomic clocks?
Answer:
Periodic vibrations.

Question 8.
Mention the types of clocks based on their display.
Answer:
Analog clock and digital clock.

Question 9.
How many times will the ‘minute hand’ rotate in one hour?
Answer:
One time.

Question 10.
How many hours are there in a minute?
Answer:
60 minutes = 1 hr
1 minute = \(\frac { 1 }{ 60 }\) = 0.0167 hours.

VII. Answer the Questions given below (Short Answer)

Question 1.
What is measurement?
Answer:
Measurement is the process of finding an unknown physical quantity by using a standard quantity.

Question 2.
Name some common systems of measurement.
Answer:
Some common systems of units are:

1. FPS – System (Foot for length, Pound for mass and Second for time)
2. CGS – System (Centimetre for length, Gram for mass and Second for time)
3. MKS – System (Metre for length, Kilogram for mass and Second for time)

Question 3.
Define – Temperature.
Answer:
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a system.

Question 4.
Define – ampere.
Answer:
One ampere is defined as one ‘coulomb’ of charge moving in a conductor in one second.

UP

Question 5.
What is electric current?
Answer:
The magnitude of an electric current is the amount of electric charges flowing through a conductor in one second.

Question 6.
What is luminous Intensity?
Answer:
The measure of the power of the emitted light, by a light source in a particular direction, per unit solid angle is called as luminous intensity.

Question 7.
Define – mole.
Answer:
Mole is defined as the amount of substance, which contains 6.023 x 10²³ entities.

Question 8.
What are the differences between Plane angle and solid angle?
Answer:
Difference between Plane Angle and Solid Angle:
Plane Angle:

• Angle between the intersection of two lines or planes.
• It is two dimensional
• Unit is radian.

Solid Angle:

• Angle between the intersection of three or more planes at a common point.
• It is three dimensional.
• Unit is steradian.

Question 9.
What are errors?
Answer:
The value of every measurement contains some uncertainty. These uncertainties are called as ‘Errors’.

VIII. Answer in detail

Question 1.
List out the base quantities with their units.
Answer:
Base Quantities and Units:

Question 2.
Write a short note on different types of clocks.
Answer:
Types of clocks based on display:

1. Analog clocks
2. Digital clocks

1. Analog clocks:
It looks like a classic clock. It has three hands to show the time.

• Hours Hand : It is short and thick. It shows ‘hour’.
• Minutes Hand : It is long and thin. It shows ‘minute’.
• Seconds Hand : It is long and very thin. It shows ‘second’. It makes one rotation in one minute and 60 rotations in one hour.
  Analog clocks can be driven either mechanically or electronically.

2. Digital clocks:

• A digital clock displays the time directly. It shows the time in numerals or other
  symbols. It may have a 12 hours or 24 hours display.
• Recent clocks are showing Date, Day, Month, Year, Temperature etc.
• Digital clocks are often called as Electronic Clocks.

Différent types of clocks based on working mechanism:

1. Quartz Clock:

• These clocks are activated by ‘electronic oscillations’, which are controlled by a ‘quartz crystal’.
• The frequency of a vibrating crystal is very precise. So, the quartz clock is more accurate than the mechanical clock.
• These clocks have an accuracy of one second in every 10⁹ seconds.

2. Atomic Clock:

• These clocks are making use of periodic vibrations occurring within the atom.
• These clocks have an accuracy of one second in every 10b seconds.
• Atomic clocks are used in Global Positioning System (GPS), Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) and International time distribution services.

IX. Higher Order Thinking Question

Question 1.
Your friend was absent yesterday. You are enquiring about his absence. He told, he was affected by a fever of 100°C and went to a hospital for treatment. Is it possible of 100°C fever? If it is wrong, try to make him to understand his mistake.
Answer:

• No. It is not possible of 100°C fever. The normal temperature of human body is between 98.4°F and 98.6°F.
• So, he should say that, he was affected by a fever of 100°F and it is not 100°C.

Samacheer Kalvi 8th Science Solutions Measurement Additional Questions

I. Choose the correct answer

Question 1.
The SI unit of length is the ……………….
(a) Millimetre
(b) Centimetre
(c) Metre
(d) kilometre
Answer:
(c) Metre

Question 2.
The magnitude of a physical quantity consists of ……………..
(a) A unit
(b) A number and a unit
(c) A number
(d) Unit and its symbol
Answer:
(b) A number and a unit

Question 3.
The SI unit of mass is ……………..
(a) Milligram
(b) Gram
(c) Quintal
(d) kilogram
Answer:
(d) kilogram

UP

Question 4.
Among the following, which is not an metric system?
(a) CGS
(b) MKS
(c) FPS
(d) SI
Answer:
(c) FPS

Question 5.
……………. is a physical quantity that expresses the degree of hotness or coldness of a substance.
(a) Electric current
(b) Luminous intensity
(c) Temperature
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(c) Temperature

II. Fill in the Blanks

1. ……………… is the process of finding an unknown physical quantity by using a standard quantity.
2. The CGS, MKS and SI units are system of units.
3. FPS is a …………… system of units.
4. Temperature is a measure of the average ……………. of the particles in a system
5. Melting point of pure ice (0° C) is taken as ……………… fixed point.

Answer:

1. Measurement
2. Metric
3. British
4. kinetic energy
5. Lower

III. True or False – if false give the correct statement

Question 1.
The unit of length in FPS system is foot.
Answer:
True.

Question 2.
The unit of mass in CGS system is kilogram.
Answer:
False
Correct statement:
The unit of mass in CGS system is gram.

Question 3.
Heat is a physical quantity that expresses the degree of hotness or coldness of a substance.
Answer:
False
Correct statement:
Temperature is a physical quantity that expresses the degree of hotness or coldness of a substance.

Question 4.
Heat removed from a substance will lower its temperature.
Answer:
True

Question 5.
In thermometers, boiling point of water (100° C) is taken as upper fixed point.
Answer:
True.

UP

Question 6.
Normal temperature of the human body is between 98.4° C and 98.6° C.
Answer:
False
Correct statement:
Normal temperature of the human body is between 98.4° F and 98.6° F.

Question 7.
Voltmeter is a device used to measure electric current.
Answer:
False
Correct statement:
Ammeter is a device used to measure electric current.

Question 8.
The super conductors are used to levitate trains from the track.
Answer:
True

IV. Match the following

Question 1.

Answer:

1. c
2. e
3. d
4. b
5. a

Question 2.

Answer:

1. c
2. e
3. b
4. a
5. d

V. Assertion and Reason.

Question 1.
Mark the correct choice as:
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) If the assertion is true, but the reason is false.
(d) If the assertion is false, but the reason is true.

Question 1.
Assertion : The SI unit of temperature is kelvin.
Reason : Thermometers are calibrated with some standard scales like Celsius, fahrenheit and kelvin.
Answer:
(b) Both assertion and reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion

Question 2.
Assertion : Temperature is a physical quantity.
Reason : Temperature is the degree of hotness or coldness of a body.
Answer:
(a) Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion

Question 3.
Assertion : Radian is the angle subtended at the centre of a circle by an arc whose length is equal to the radius of the circle.
Reason : 1 radian = \(\frac { 180 }{ π }\)
Answer:
(a) Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion

VII. Very short Answers

Question 1.
What is physics?
Answer:
Physics is the study of nature and natural phenomena.

Question 2.
Name the British system of units.
Answer:
FPS system.

Question 3.
How many base quantities are there?
Answer:
Seven.

UP

Question 4.
What is the symbol for unit of electric current?
Answer:
A (ampere).

Question 5.
Mention the SI unit of luminous flux.
Answer:
Lumen.

VII. Short Answers

Question 1.
Mention the SI unit & symbol of temperature.
Answer:

1. The SI unit of Temperature is kelvin.
2. It’s symbol is ‘K’.

Question 2.
Write any 2 applications of various thermometric scales.
Answer:

1. Physicians use ‘clinical thermometers’. It is graduated in ‘Fahrenheit Scale’
2. Scientists are using thermometers with kelvin scale.

UP

Question 3.
Define electric current. Write its formula and unit.
Answer:
1. The magnitude of an electric current is the amount of electric charges flowing through a conductor in one second.
Electric current = \(\frac { Amount of electric charges (Q) }{ time (t) }\)
I = \(\frac { Q }{ t}\)

2. SI unit of electric current is ‘ampere’ and it is denoted as A.

Question 4.
Define super conductors.
Answer:
At very low temperature, around 30 K (-243.2° C), some conductors conduct electric current without any loss. These conductors are known as ‘SUPER CONDUCTORS’.

Question 5.
Define amount of substance. Mention its SI unit and symbol.
Answer:

1. Amount of substance is a measure of the number of entities (particles) present in a substance.
2. The SI unit of amount of substance is mole and it is denoted as ‘mol’.

Question 6.
What is luminous intensity? Mention its SI unit and symbol.
Answer:

1. The measure of the power of the emitted light, by a light source in a particular direction, per unit solid angle is called as luminous intensity.
2. The SI unit of luminous intensity is candela and is denoted as ‘cd’.

UP

Question 7.
What are the rules for rounding off a number?
Answer:
Rules for rounding off:

1. Decide which is the last digit to keep.
2. Leave it the same, if the next digit is less than 5.
3. Increase it by one, if the next digit is 5 or greater than 5.

Question 8.
Define one light year.
Answer:
One light year is defined as the distance travelled by light in vacuum during the period of one year. 1 light year = 9.46 x 10¹⁵m

VIII. Long Answers

Question 1.
Write a note on accuracy and precision.
Answer:
Accuracy in Measurements:

1. Measurement is the base of all experiments in science and technology. The value of every measurement contains some uncertainty. These uncertainties are called as ‘Errors’.

2. The difference between the real value and the observed value is called an error.

• Accuracy : Accuracy is the closeness of a measured value to the actual value or true value.
• Precision : Precision is the closeness of two or more measurements to each other.

Question 2.
Explain the Greenwich mean time.
Answer:

1. Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) is the mean solar time at the Royal Observatory, located at Greenwich in London.
2. It is measured at the longitude of zero degree.
3. The Earth is divided into 24 zones, each of a width of 15 degree longitude.
4. These regions are called as ‘Time Zones’. Time difference between two adjacent time zones is 1 hour.

Question 3.
Write a note on approximation.
Answer:

1. Approximation is the process of finding a number, which is acceptably close to the exact value of the measurement of a physical quantity.
2. It is an estimation of a number obtained by rounding off a number to its nearest place value.
3. When the data are inadequate, physicists are in need of an approximation to find the solution for problems.
4. Approximations are usually based on certain assumptions having a scientific background and they can be modified whenever accuracy is needed.

IX. Complete the given table

Answer:

(i) 0° C
(ii) 100
(iii) 212° F
(iv) 373 K
(v) 100

X. Problems for practice

Question 1.
Convert 36° C into kelvin.
Solution:
K = C + 273
= 36 + 273
= 309 K

Question 2.
Convert 100 K into Celsius.
Solution:
C = K – 273
C = 100 – 273
= -173° C

UP

Question 3.
When 5 coulomb of charge, flows through a circuit for 20 seconds. Calculate the current?
Given: Charge Q = 5 C
Time t = 20 s

Solution:
I = \(\frac { Q }{ t }\) = \(\frac { 5}{ 20 }\) = 0.25 A
I = 0.25 A

Question 4.
Convert 90° C into radian.
Given: i = \(\frac { π }{ 180° }\)

Question 5.
Round off the number 5.323 to two decimal places.
Answer:
Step : 1 Identify the last digit to be kept. 2 is the last digit to be kept.
Step : 2 The following digit, (i.e.) 3 is less than 5. SI retain 2 as 2.
∴ The answer is 5.32.

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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Solutions Prose Chapter 1 The Portrait of a Lady

Check out the topics covered in Prose Chapter 1 The Portrait of a Lady Questions and Answers before you start your preparation. Improve your grammar skills with the help of Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Book Solutions Questions and Answers pdf links. The solutions for Tamilnadu State Board 11th English Textbook are prepared by the English experts. So, if you follow Tamilnadu State Board Solutions 11th English Textbook Solutions you can cover all the topics in Prose Chapter 1 The Portrait of a Lady Questons and Answers. This helps to improve your communication skills.

Warm up

Nuclear Family or Joint Family

Based on the visuals given above, give five words/phrases each to describe these two family

Nuclear family		Joint family

Answer:

Nuclear family		Joint family
small	contented	congested	less privacy
happy	rich	compete for needs	sharing more
more space	kind	peer learning	more fun
caring	loving	less riches	more joy
joyful	more love	wait for turn	no immediate gratification
good education	needs met	mutual care	bondage great

Samacheer Kalvi 11th English The Portrait of a Lady Textual Questions

(1) Answer the following questions in one or two sentences based on your understanding of the story:

11th English 1st Lesson Questions And Answers Question (а)
Describe the grandfather as seen in the portrait.
Answer:
The author’s grandfather looked as if he were hundred years old with lots of grandchildren. He had loose fitting garments. He looked too old to have had a wife and children.

11th English Guide Pdf Download Question (b)
Why was the author left with his grandmother in the village?
Answer:
The author’s parents went to the city to make a living. The young author was left with his grandma till his parent’s settled well in the city.

11th English Unit 1 Prose Paragraph Question (c)
Where did the author study in his childhood?
Answer:
The author studied in the veranda of a village temple. He learnt letters of the alphabet from the priest.

11th English Unit 1 Prose Question Answer Question (d)
Why did the grandmother accompany the author to school?
Answer:
Grandma was a pious lady. The school was attached to the temple. So, the grandmother accompanied the author to his school. While he learnt letters of alphabets, she spent her time inside the temple reciting prayers and telling the beads of her rosary.

The Portrait Of A Lady Book Back Answers Question (e)
What made the dogs follow the grandmother after school hours?
Answer:
Grandmother brought a bundle of stale chapattis with her to the temple. The village dogs followed her. On return, she went on throwing the chapattis to the dogs who growled and fought with each other to have a piece of chapatti.

11th English Prose Paragraph Question (f)
Why didn’t the grandmother feel sentimental when the author went abroad for higher education?
Answer:
Grandmother got alienated from her grandson the time he went to the English medium school in the city. The reduction of focus in spiritual education and value education and increase in the importance of science perturbed grandma a great deal. She knew that she can’t help the changes. So, she did not show any sentimentality when the grandson went abroad.

11th English 1st Lesson Paragraph Question (g)
What was the happiest time of the day for grandmother?
Answer
Half an hour in the afternoon, grandma devoted her time for feeding sparrows. That half- an-hour was the happiest time of the day for grandmother.

2 . Answer the following questions in three or four sentences each:

11th English Guide Pdf Free Download Question (a)
Describe the author’s grandmother.
Answer:
Grandma was bent with age. She was deeply religious. She did not approve of modem science, music and entertainment. However she had the wisdom to accept changes ‘ gracefully and retain her values till her death.

11 English Guide Question (b)
What was the daily routine of the grandmother at home?
Answer:
Grandma started the mornings with a sing-song prayer. She woke up the author bathed and dressed him up and wanted him to learn the prayers by heart. Both would march to the school which was attached to a temple. She would stay inside chanting prayers and telling beads. In the evening, she would throw the stale chapattis to village dogs as they returned home.

11th English Book Back Answers Question (c)
How is school education in the village different from that in the city?
Answer:
Village school is easily accessible on foot. Values and letters of the alphabet are given utmost importance. Children carried wooden slate and ink-pot. These was no subject specialization in the village school. One teacher taught all. City school has huge buildings. Subject-wise teachers are there. School is remote. Children have to travel to long distance to reach school.

Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Guide Question (d)
The grandmother appreciated the value of education. Give instances in support of your answer.
Answer:
Grandma did have respect for education and that is why she personally monitored the village education of the author. She insisted on good manners and love for all living things. She demonstrated this by feeding village dogs and sparrows. She didn’t object to ; the author going abroad.

Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Guide Pdf Question (e)
The grandmother was strong-minded. Justify.
Answer:
Grandmother had strong values and had zest for life. She lived the life the way she wanted it. She spun the wheel, told her beads, fed the dog in the village and sparrows in the city unmindful of changes around her. She played the drum with joy when she realized her impending death. She died a peaceful death after predicting it to all her family members. She is really a strong lady.

11th English The Portrait Of A Lady Paragraph Question (f)
How did the grandmother spend the last few hours of her life?
Answer:
She suspended her prayer for a while. She called the women from neighbourhood, sang and played the drum along with them. The next morning she had fever. She told the family that she was about to die! She died in bed telling her beads and lisping her last prayer.

Additional Questions

11th English Chapter 1 Question Answers Question 1.
What was hard to believe? Why?
Answer:
People said that grandma was once pretty and she even had a husband. This was hard to believe as the author had seen her old right from his boyhood days.

11th Std English Guide Question 2.
How long had the author known his old grandma?
Answer:
The author had seen his old grandma for twenty long years. She had the same wrinkles and hunchback.

Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Chapter 1 Question 3.
What appeared to be fables of the prophets?
Answer:
Grandma often told the author and his friends about various games she had played as a young girl. This appeared absurd and hence the author and his friends treated her games as fables of prophet.

11 Std English Guide Question 4.
What was odd about the author’s acceptance of grandma’s beauty and not her pretty looks?
Answer:
Young girls are pretty like the buds of a flower. The author had never seen his grandma young. The author thought she could never have been pretty but full bloomed flower like beauty.

11th Standard English Guide Question 5.
Which thought was revolting to the author?
Answer:
The sheer thought of grandma having been pretty once was really revolting to the author.

11th English 1st Lesson Question Answer Question 6.
How did grandma move about the house?
Answer:
Grandma hobbled about the house in spotless white saree. She had one hand resting on her waist to balance her stoop and the other telling the beads of her rosary.

English Guide For Class 11 Question 7.
How was grandma beautiful?
Answer:
She was beautiful like the winter landscape in the mountains, an expanse of pure white serenity breathing peace and contentment. Her lips constantly moved in inaudible prayer.

Question 8.
How did grandma perform her morning prayer? (or) What was grandma’s purpose in singing her morning prayer in a sing-song voice?
Answer:
Grandma said her morning prayer in a sing-song voice while she bathed and dressed the boy author. She wanted her grandson to learn the prayers by heart.

Question 9.
How did grandma help the boy author to get ready to school?
Answer:
She would fetch his wooden slate already plastered with yellow chalk, a tiny earthen, ink -pot and a red pen. She would bundle them all and hand it to the boy author.

Question 10.
What was the turning point in the relationship between the boy author and his grandma?
Answer:
The boy author’s parents got settled in the city. They sent for them. That was a turning point in their friendship.

Question 11.
Why could grandma not accompany the author to his school?
Answer:
The boy author went to school in a motor car. So, she could not accompany him to school.

Question 12.
Why did grandma change her habit of feeding dogs?
Answer:
In the city, there were no dogs. So grandma started feeding the sparrows.

Question 13.
What made grandma unhappy? (or) What was grandma’s reaction to narrator’s education in English school?
Answer:
The boy author’s learning material included new English words, principles of science such as Archimedes Principle and law of gravity and the round shape of the earth. Shifting of gear from traditional and value-based education to modem English and science education made grandma unhappy.

Question 14.
Why didn’t grandma walk straight?
Answer:
Grandma was bent with age. So, she could not walk straight. She could only hobble about the house.

Question 15.
What distanced grandma from the author?
As years rolled by, the author grew up. He had a room of his own. English education did not cover scriptures and God. These distanced her from her grandson.

Question 16.
Why did grandma disapprove of ‘music lessons’ in school?
Answer:
Grandma belonged to an older generation in which moral values, scriptures and literacy dominated education. Even music was meant to only accompany hymns and devotional songs. Professional musicians and dancers were treated with contempt. So, grandma disapproved of “music lessons” at school.

Question 17.
Which incident almost snapped the friendship of the author with grandma?
Answer:
As the narrator moved on to university, he was given a separate room at home. This almost snapped the friendship between grandma and the author.

Question 18.
How did grandma spend her time when the author went to university?
Answer:
Grandma accepted her seclusion gracefully. She spun and recited prayers the whole day. She took half an hour break to feed the sparrows happily.

Question 19.
What occasion did the author believe, unwisely to be the ‘last sign’ of physical contact with grandma?
Answer:
The author was going abroad for a five years study. Grandma kissed Khushwant Singh on his forehead. He mistook it to be the last sign of physical contact with grandma.

Question 20.
How did grandma disprove the author’s judgement about her longevity?
Answer:
The author thought his grandma was getting very old. He believed that before he returned from foreign study, she may have kicked her bucket. But she came to receive him in a cool headed way on his return from abroad.

 

Question 21.
How did grandma celebrate the joy of grandson’s return? (or) What turned out to be grandma’s “swan song”? (or) Why did grandma suspend her prayers for a few hours?
Answer:
It appeared that grandma was holding on to see her grandson back home. She sensed her impending death and shocked her family members with the prediction. She drummed and sang along with neighbours with great zest as if she were celebrating her grandson’s return. In reality, she was enjoying the last moments of her life with absolute abandon even suspending her prayers for a while

3. Answer the following in a paragraph of 100 – 150 words each.

Question (a)
The grandmother played a vital role in the author’s formative years. Give your own example of how elders have a positive influence on the younger generation. Include examples from the story also.
Answer:
Elders who have deep love for young ones do leave a life time impression in the minds of children. I had seen my grandpa when I was very young. He was not rich. But he had deep- seated love for me. He used to walk three kilometers to just spend a few hours with me. He would not use the money my dad gave him for bus. He would walk back and save the money to buy either toys or books for me. The first book he presented me while I was in Std. VII hooked me on to the joy of reading. The book had short stories of endearing value.

For the first time, I realized, that printed book can transport one to a world of fantasy and indefinable joy. The thrill of identifying myself with warriors, pilgrims, fishermen and great souls of the past kindled a spark in me. Now, I go to the book fair every year and buy books. I have started reading for specific purposes. I owe my reading habit to my grandpa. In the life  of Mahatma Gandhi also, his mom’s influence was great. She told him many moral stories.

Dr. Ambedkar who shared a small room with his dad, learnt to lead a simple life all through his life. Unnikrishnan’s daughter Uthra Unnikrishnan has got influenced by her father and taken to singing even for films at a very young age. Her singing of “Kaiveesum Katrai” in the movie ‘Straberry’ and Azhage in “Saivam” Tamil movies has got her national level reputation. In this story also grandma’s influence on Khushwant Singh was so great that he made her immortal in his biographical story “The Portrait of a Lady”. Her love for simple life, street dogs and sparrows made an indelible mark in Khushwant Singh’s boyhood memories.
“Grandmothers create memories that the heart holds forever. ”

Question (b)
As young Khushwant Singh, write a letter to your parents describing your daily routine along with your thoughts and feelings about staying in the village.
Answer:
15 Jan 20XX
As young Khushwant Singh, write a letter to your parents describing your daily routine
along with your thoughts and feelings about staying in the village.
15 Jan 20XX
Dear Mom and Dad,
l am fine. Grandma is also fine. She wakes me up every day and prepares me for school. She sings her morning prayers in a sing-song voice to my great delight. But she wants me to leam; and repeat them. She washes my slate clean and bundles up ink pot, pen and slate and gives it to me.

We walk together to the temple. While the village priest is teaching us letters of the alphabet and some religious songs in the verandah of the temple, grandma stays inside the temple and joins group of devotees in singing or telling beads. I am touched by her extreme interest in my academics. She feeds me with butter-smeared chapattis with great love. She is quite’ thoughtful of village dogs which wait at the temple gate till my school is over. When we walk back home, the village dogs follow us growling and barking as grandma throws chapattis to those dogs.

Everyday, she enquires what I leam. Though her hunch back and wrinkles show her old age, the serenity, contentment in her face and the winter landscape of her hair make me believe that she is the most beautiful lady. Dad, I am unable to believe she was ever young or pretty because as far as my memory goes, I have always seen her old and wrinkled. Though grandma’s love is immense, I must admit I miss you both. Why don’t you take us both to the ; city? I want to see the city and study in a city school as the education I get in the village school has no variety. Everyday I have to leam only songs and letters of alphabet. Don’t you know,” ‘variety is the spice of life? I also want to leam different subjects, wear fashionable clothes. and go in a motor car to an English school. Dad and Mom don’t you miss me as I miss you?
Your loving son,
Khushwant Singh

Question (c)
Animals are capable of empathy. Substantiate this statement with examples from the story as well as your own experiences.
Answer:
A middle-aged lady in Australia had a heart attack. She was in great pain. Her pet pig saw i mistress in distress. It ran to the street and pulled the shirt sleeve of a man and brought him

home. He called an ambulance. The lady was saved. We had a pet dog. It was extremely fond of grandpa. He used to take him for long walks. One day grandpa died. The dog refused to eat any food. It went to the burial yard. It starved for a few days and died in front of grandpa’s grave. Even in this story, the sparrows in thousands sat in silence. Mom thought they were hungry. She broke the bread into pieces and threw them. But not a single sparrow touched them. Once grandma’s dead body was taken to the graveyard, the birds flew away. These instances prove beyond doubt that animals are capable of empathy.

Additional Questions

Question 1.
The author’s grandmother was a religious person. What are the different ways in which we come to know this?
Answer:
The author’s grandmother was a very religious lady. We come to know this through the different habitual actions. She visited the temple every morning and read scriptures. At home she always mumbled inaudible prayers and kept telling the beads of rosary. She would repeat prayer songs in a sing-song manner while getting the writer ready for school. She hoped that he would learn them by heart. She didn’t like English school as there was no teaching of God and scriptures. Even while spinning at her spinning wheel she would recite prayers.

Perhaps it was only once that she suspended her prayers. It was on the evening prior to her death when she felt over excited while celebrating the arrival of her grandson with songs and drumming. She continued praying and telling beads of her rosary till her last breath. The family members realized that her antic behaviour was a celebration of her contented life.
“Grandma s prayers are the reason a lot of us are still here. ”

 

Question 2.
Would you agree that the author’s grandmother was a person strong in character? If yes, give instances that show this.
Answer:
Yes, I agree that the author’s grandmother was a person strong in character. She was a strong woman with strong beliefs. Although she was not formally educated, she was serious about. the author’s education. She could not adjust herself to the western way of life, Science and English education. She hated music and disapproved of its teaching in school. She was a deeply religious lady. Her lips were always saying a silent prayer. She was always telling the beads of her rosary. She went to the temple daily and read the scriptures. She was distressed to know that there was no teaching about God and holy books at Khushwant’s new English school. She was a kind lady.

She used to feed dogs in the village. In the city, she took to feeding the sparrows. Although old in years and weak in body, she had great strength of mind. Knowing her impending death, she played a drum and sang with full-throated ease along with her neighbours. Just before her death, she refused to talk to the members of the family as she did not want to waste her time. She wanted to make up for the time lost when she had not prayed to God. She lay peacefully in bed saying prayers and telling the beads of her rosary till she breathed her last.
“She made broken look beautiful; strong look invincible. She walked with the universe on her shoulders as an inspiration. ”

Question 3.
Describe the friendship between Khushwant Singh and grandmother.
Answer:
Khushwant Singh’s grandmother was closely involved in bringing him up when the author lived with her in the village during his early life. She used to wake him up early in the morning.

While bathing and dressing him, she sang her prayers. She hoped that the young boy would learn it by heart. She then gave him breakfast – a stale chapatti with butter and sugar. Then they would go together to the temple school. While the author learnt his lessons, the grandmother would read holy books. They returned home together. A turning point came in their friendship when his parents called them to the city. Although they shared a room, she could not help him much. She hated music, Science and Western education. The common link of their friendship was gradually snapped. ,
“The greatest gift of life is friendship and one should cherish it. ”

Question 4.
Write a character sketch of the author’s grandmother.
Answer:
Khushwant Singh’s grandmother was a very old lady. She was short, fat and slightly bent. Her face was wrinkled. She had white hair. She was very affectionate. She was closely involved in bringing up the author. The two lived in the village. She was a caring grandmother. She ‘ would wake him early in the morning and get him ready for school. She served him breakfast and took him to school. She waited for him in the temple. She prayed while he studied. She returned with him.

She was kind and benevolent. She used to feed dogs in the village. In the city, she took to feeding the sparrows. She was a deeply religious lady. Her lips were always moving in a silent prayer. She was always telling the beads of her rosary. She went to the temple and read the scriptures.

She was a strong woman with strong beliefs. Although she was not formally educated, she was,serious about the author’s education. She could not adjust herself to the western way of life,Science and English education. She hated music. She was distressed to know that there was no teaching about God and holy books at Khushwant Singh’s new English school. On the whole she was a nice, affectionate, kindhearted and religious lady.
“Who can find a virtuous woman? For her price is far above Rubies.” .

 

Question 5.
The grandmother herself was not formally educated but was serious about the author’s education. How does the text support this?
Answer:
The grandmother Was quite serious about the author’s education. She woke him up in the morning and got him ready for school. She washed his wooden slate. She plastered it with yellow chalk. She tied his earthen ink-pot and red pen into a bundle. She took him to school, i He studied in school. She waited for him in the temple reading scriptures. In the city, the author went to an English school in a motor bus. When he came back, she would ask him what the teacher had taught him. She could not help him with his lessons. She did not believe in the things taught at the English school. She was distressed to learn that her grandson was being taught music. She considered it unfit for gentle folks.
“Education is the passport to the future. ”

Vocabulary

(a) Read the following words and choose the correct antonyms from the options given

Answer:
1. (b) arid
2. (a) serious
3. (d) included
4. (c) accept
5. (b) anxiety
6. (c) gathered
7. (a) interesting

(b) Fill in the blanks choosing the appropriate compound words from those given in the box:

singsong	overstraining	spotless
gentlefolk	grand mother	courtyard
sunset	half-hour	homecoming

Reeta hurried along the road, dressed in her (1) ______ new dress towards the bus stop. Before (2) ______ , she had to reach the house of her (3) ______ But the first (4) ______ of her travel was slow due to traffic jam. Her (5) ______ would be regarded with joy. She was (6) ______ herself to reach the place. When she finally stepped into the (7) ______ , she was received with a big hug by her kind aunt. She was in time to join the (8) ______ at the village, for a (9) ______
Answer:

1. spotless
2. sunset
3. grandmother
4. half-hour
5. singsong
6. over-straining
7. courtyard
8. gentle folk
9. homecoming

(c) Match the words in Column A with their pairs in Column B to form compound words and write them in Column C:

	Column A		Column B	Column C
1.	mantel	(a)	lashes
2. .	eye	(b)	wheel
3.	water	(c)	gate
4.	bee	(d)	knob
5.	toll	(e)	piece
6.	door	(f)	proof
7.	spinning	(g)	hive

Answer:
1. (e) piece (mantelpiece)
2. (a) lashes (eyelashes)
3. (f) proof (waterproof)
4. (g) hive (beehive)
5. (c) gate (tailgate)
6. (d) knob (doorknob)
7. (b) wheel (spinning wheel)

(d) Frame meaningful sentences of your own using the following expressions from the story. Use a dictionary if required.

Question (i)
the thought was almost revolting
Answer:
The thought that a 27-year-old man could murder a college girl in daylight was revolting.

Question (ii)
an expanse of pure white serenity
Answer:
Nammalvar had a long white beard like an expanse of pure white serenity.

Question (iii)
a turning point
Answer:
Gandhiji’s encounter with an ill-clad poor woman in Madurai was a turning point in his political life.

Question (iv)
accepted her seclusion with resignation
Answer:
Grandma accepted her seclusion with resignation.

 

Question (v)
frivolous rebukes
Answer:
My mom bathed my younger brother with frivolous rebukes.

Prefixes And Suffixes

(e) Form two derivatives from each of the following words: e.g. honest – dishonest, honesty

manage	differ	beauty
peace	arrange	collect
approve	narrate	class

Answer:

1. manage – manager, management
2. differ – different, difference
3. beauty – beautiful, beautious
4. peace – peaceful, placemaker
5. arrange – arranged, arrangement
6. collect – collector, collective
7. approve – approval, disapprove
8. narrate – narration, narrator
9. class – classic, classify

Homophones

(f) Fill in the blanks with suitable homophones:

(i) brake/break
(a) We have a short _______ between the sessions.
(b) The car skidded to a halt when I applied the _______

(ii) waste/waist
(a) Shivani wears a belt around her _______
(b) We should never misuse or _______ natural resources.

(iii) principle/principal
(a) Oxygen is the _______ element present in earth’s crust.
(b) Both these machines work on the same _______

(iv) bread/bred
(a) Turtles should be _______ in a healthy environment.
(b) I like to have toasted _______ for breakfast.

(v) lesson/lessen
(a) This medicine will _______ your pain.
(b) Finally, the manager learnt a _______ the hard way.

(vi) pale/pail
(a) The child looks very sick and _______
(b) I need a _______ of water to wash these cups.

(vii) through/threw
(a) Ravi picked the banana peel and _______ it in the dustbin. ,
(b) The soldiers had to pass _______ a dark tunnel.

(viii) corps/corpse
(a) The _______ was covered with a shroud.
(b) A five-day annual training camp for the senior cadets of the National Cadet _______ been organised.
Answers:
(i) (a) break (b) brake
(ii) (a) waist (b) waste
(iii) (a) principal (b) principle
(iv) (a) bred (b) bread
(v) (a) lessen (b) lesson
(vi) (a) pale (b) pail
(vii) (a) threw (b) through
(viii) (a) corpse (b) corps

Listening Activity

Read the following statements and the given options. Now, listen to your teacher read aloud a passage or play it on a recorder. You may listen to it again if required, to help you choose the right options.

(For listening to the passage refer to our website www.fullcircleeducation.in) The hand that rocks the cradle rules the world. It is the mother who rocks the cradle. It is she who exercises her influence over the mind of her children. She moulds the character of her children with her noble qualities. Napoleon said, “Give me good mothers, I will give you a good nation”. Mothers play an important role in building nations. The love of our mother is usually the first and deepest love that we come across. For many people their mother’s love becomes the pattern of love in later life.

A mother’s love is unconditional. No matter what you do, you know that your mother will always love you. The phrase ‘mother’s love’ derives from the love traditionally shown by a biological mother to her child. But indeed any love that is deeply caring and unconditional can be described as a motherly love, Adoptive mothers show this type of love to the children they adopt. It is important in life to be cherished and loved for who you are and to be supported in all you do! Love is the most important thing in the world. Why not exhibit love to creatures and all those around you?

Question 1.
According to Napoleon ‘Good mothers make good _______
(a) housewives
(b) jobs
(c) nations
(d) ideas
Answer:
(c) nations

Question 2.
Mothers exhibit _______ love.
(a) unauthorized
(b) unapproved
(c) unacceptable
(d) unconditional
Answer:
(d) unconditional

Question 3.
_______ mothers care much for their children.
(a) Adapted
(b) Adopted
(c) Adoptive
(d) Influence
Answer:
(c) Adoptive

Question 4.
_______ is the most important thing in the world.
(a) Wealth
(b) Power
(c) Love
(d) Influence

Question 5.
Love should be extended to _______ too.
(a) friends
(b) relatives
(c) countrymen
(d) creatures
Answer:
(d) creatures

Speaking Activity

(a) Work in pairs and arrive at five points that bring out the benefits and challenges of living in either a nuclear family or a joint family. Share your views with your class.
In a nuclear family:

• A child gets a lot of attention.
• Child need not wait for anything he wants.
• Both the parents shower love and protect him/her from any harm.
• There is no scope for disappointments as parents are anxious to fulfill the needs of children.
• Child wants parent to solve all his/her problems and never learns self-reliance.

In a joint family:

• Child has to wait for what he wants to get.
• There will be many to play with.
• There is plenty of scope for caring and sharing.
• Learn to cope with disappointments and failures in a healthy way.
• Learn to adjust with others and tend to be empathetic.

(b) Build a conversation of eight to ten sets of exchanges, with your grandmother discussing the incidents that happened in your school that day.

Myself : Grandma, I am back home.
Grandma : Please go and wash your face, hands and legs.
Myself : Why should I, grandma?
Grandma : I have prepared some sweets and pakora for you.
Myself : That’s really lovely grandma.
Grandma : What did you lean today?
Myself : I learnt about bees.
Grandma : How do bees communicate among themselves?
Myself : Grandma, when a bee discovers honey, he performs a kind of dance which conveys the availability of honey, type of flower and distance from the bee hive to the farm.
Grandma : That’s excellent. I never knew it.
Myself : Give me sweets and pakora.
Grandma : Stay here, I will bring them for you.

 

(c) Every member contributes to forming a happy family. Share your views for a minute or two with your class.

Father works hard and brings money home. Mom does all domestic chores. She cooks food, washes clothes and cleans the floor. Brother takes me to school in his scooter. My grandma combs my hair. She has all the time in the world to tell me tales and listen to all my experiences and stories. On Sunday we all join hands and clean the house. Then we all dine together and share what happened to each of us. I do agree that everyone contributes to a happy family.

Reading

Now, read the following passage on“Laughter Therapy” and answer the questions that follow.

1. Laughing is an excellent way to reduce stress in our lives; it can help you to cope with and survive a ’ stressful life. Laughter provides full-scale support for your muscles and unleashes a rush of stress busting endorphins. Since our body cannot distinguish between real and fake laughter, anything that makes you giggle will have a positive impact.

2. Laughter Therapy aims to get people laughing, in groups and individual sessions and can help reduce stress, make people and employees happier and more committed, as well as improve their interpersonal skills. This laughter, comes from the body and not the mind.

3. Laughter Yoga (Hasya yoga) is a practice involving prolonged voluntary laughter. It aims to get people laughing in groups. It is practised in the early mornings in open-parks. It has been made popular as an exercise routine developed by Indian physician Madan Kataria, who writes about the practice in his 2002 book ‘Laugh for no reason’. Laughter Yoga is based on the belief that voluntary laughter provides the same physiological as well as psychological benefits as spontaneous laughter.

4. Laughter yoga session may start with gentle warm up techniques which include stretching, chanting, clapping, eye contact and body movements to help break down inhibitions and encourage a sense of playfulness. Moreover, laughter is the best medicine. Breathing exercises are used to prepare the lungs for laughter followed by a series of laughter exercises that combine a method of acting and visualization techniques. Twenty minutes of laughter is sufficient to augment physiological development.

5. A handM of small scale scientific studies have indicated that laughter yoga has some medically beneficial effects, including cardiovascular health and mood. This therapy has proved to be good for depressed patients. This laughter therapy also plays a crucial role in social bonding.

Answer the following:

Question (a)
How does laughter help one to cope with stress?
Answer:
Laughter provides full scale support for one’s muscles and unleashes a rush of stress busting endorphins. Thus it helps one to cope with stress.

Question (b)
Which word in the text (para 2) means the same as ‘dedicated’?
Answer:
‘Committed’ means dedicated.

Question (c)
Why do you think voluntary laughter provides the same physiological as well as psychological benefits as spontaneous laughter?
Answer:
Human body cannot distinguish between real and fake laughter. Anything that makes a person giggle has a positive impact on one’s health. That is why I think voluntary laughter provides the same psychological and physiological benefits as spontaneous laughter.

Question (d)
‘Laughter is the best medicine’. Explain.
Answer:
Twenty minutes of laughter is sufficient to augment physiological development. Laughter has some medical benefits such as cardiovascular health and mood. Hence, “Laughter is the best medicine”.

Question (e)
Given below is a set of activities. Which of these are followed in the ‘Laughter Yoga’ technique?
Answer:

• Body movements
• Clapping
• Breathing exercises
• Stretching of arms and legs
• Bending backwards

Question (f)
‘Laughter therapy also plays a crucial role in social bonding’. How?
Answer
Man is a social animal. Laughing breaks the ice and enables friendly conversations. A person endowed with spontaneous laughter naturally attracts large number of friends. In his company, even distressed relatives feel relieved and happy. Thus, laughter plays a crucial role in social bonding.

Grammar

Articles and Determiners
Determiners are words placed in front of a noun to clarify what the noun refers to.
Look at this sentence.
‘This laughter therapy also plays a crucial role in social bonding.’
Here the word ‘this’ refers to a particular noun – ‘laughter therapy’.
Types of Determiners

Articles	Demonstrative	Possessive adjectives
a	this	my, your
an	that	his, her
the	these	its, our
	those	your, their

Quantifiers	Numbers	Ordinals
– some, any few, little more, much any, every	one, two three, four twenty, hundred	first, second third, last next

(a) Read the paragraph below and fill in the blanks using ‘a, an’, or ‘the’.

It is said that (1) _____ computer is (2) _____ electronic extension of the human brain. Therefore, in principle, (3) _____ computer can do all those activities which (4) _____ human brain can do. Today computers are found to be (5) _____ most useful devices as knowledge providers. Another important field of application of computers is (6) _____ development of robots. (7) _____ internet has brought (8) _____ drastic change in communication systems.
Answer:

1. the
2. an
3. the
4. the
5. the
6. the
7. The
8. a

(b) In the following paragraph, insert ‘a, an’,or ‘the’ wherever necessary and rewrite the sentences.

In our family, we have planned to take children to zoo next Sunday. Van has been arranged and we are sure to have comfortable journey. Zoo is interesting place for children who enjoy watching animals and want to know more about them. Even youngsters love to visit zoo.
Answer:
In our family, we have planned to take children to the zoo next Sunday. A Van has been arranged and we are sure to have a comfortable journey. The Zoo is interesting place for children who enjoy watching the animals and want to know more about them. Even the youngsters love to visit the zoo.

(c) Fill in the blanks with appropriate determiners. (Articles have been included)

Once the emperor gave a bag of seeds to his council of ministers and said that he would give them six months time to grow the seeds. Whoever does a good job will be made the (1) _____ emperor of that empire. (2) _____ the ministers took their task seriously. After six months (3) _____ ministers had small plants in their pots. A (4) _____ had very large plants. (5) _____ had medium sized plants. The emperor entered the hall. He was (6) _____ amused to see (7) _____ plants. He called the (8) _____ minister and asked him what he did with the seed. (9) _____ minister explained the process he adopted to make (10) _____ plant grow. (11) _____ the emperor called the other ministers to explain what they did. Only (12) _____ minister had come with an empty pot.They laughed loudly at the foolishness of this minister. But the Emperor applauded him and made him the (13) _____ Emperor. Do you know why? He had given them boiled seeds which will not grow. Only (14) _____ minister was honest.
Answer:

1. next
2. All
3. many
4. few
5. Some
6. very much
7. the
8. first
9. The
10. the
11. Next
12. one
13. next
14. one

(d) Fill in the blanks with appropriate determiners.

1. They came early but there was (little/ a little) work to do.
2. Anand invited (few/a few) friends for the birthday party.
3. The teacher gave (all /every) student a separate topic for the assignment.
4. (Most of/Many) the water overflowed from the tank.
5. Each one of my (friend/fiiends) wished me on my birthday.
6. Vijay had (no/ any) idea about the problem.
7. Adhi had taken (much /many) photos during the programme,
8. (Some/Few) girls who attended the class informed the others about the test.

Answers:

1. little
2. a few
3. every
4. Most of
5. friends
6. no
7. many
8. some

Tenses

(a) Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs in brackets and read the completed passage aloud.

The people of India, as a whole, (1) _______ (be) warm-hearted and hospitable. Any calamity in any part of the world immediately (2) _______ (arise) their charity and generosity and a. committee (3). _______ (be) promptly (4) _______ (set ) up to collect funds to help the distressed. The most endearing quality in them (5) _______ (be) the respect they show for the work done in any capacity. They (6) _______ (believe) in what we (7) _______ (call) the dignity of labour.
Answers:

1. are
2. arouses
3. is
4. set
5. is
6. believe
7. call

(b) Now, use the verbs given in brackets in the following sentences in their correct forms.

Question 1.
I (like) to spend time with my friend,whenever I (be) free.
Answer:
I like to spend time with my friend, whenever I am free.

Question 2.
He (is) likely to miss the train. He (run) to the station.
Answer:
He is likely to miss the train. He is running to the station.

Question 3.
At the moment, they (wait) at the bus-stop. But I (not know) their plans for the journey.
Answer:
At the moment, they are waiting at the bus-stop. But I do not know their plans for the journey.

Question 4.
They firmly (believe) in the existence of God.
Answer:
They firmly believe in the existence of God.

Question 5.
We (hear) a lot of noise because the new buildings (transmit) sound waves.
Answer:
We hear a lot of noise because the new buildings are transmitting sound waves.

Question 6.
She always (make) excuses for coming late.
Answer:
She always makes excuses for coming late.

 

Question 7.
The Prime Minister (leave) for America to meet the delegates tomorrow.
Answer:
The Prime Minister leaves for America to meet the delegates tomorrow.

(c) You are a commentator for a 5000 metre running race. Use simple present and present continuous tenses and complete the commentary from the beginning to the end of the race. Read the completed passage aloud.

The 5000 metre race is about to begin. Lined up at the starting point, from left to right, are John of Great Britain, Peter of Nigeria and Jeeva of India. The runners are warming up for the great event. Now they. (1) _______ (take) their positions on the track. They (2) _______ (be) all ready for the start. There (3) _______ (go) the starter’s gun! Yes, the race has begun. John (4) _______ . (lead) with Jeeva (5) _______ (close) behind him.
Answer:

1. are taking
2. are
3. goes
4. is leading
5. closing

(d) Read the extract from Kayal’s diary entry regarding her Nepal Trek, and fill in the blanks with the correct tense form of the verbs given in brackets.

DAY 1: We (1) _______ (leave) Anna International Airport in Chennai two days ago catching a direct flight to Kathmandu in Nepal. We (2) _______ (spend) a day sightseeing. Kathmandu is full of people, rickshaws and the smell of sandalwood. I’ve never (3) _______ (be) on a trip like this before. So I’m really excited.

DAY 2: It (1) _______ (rain) when we reached Pokhara, Nepal’s second largest city, and saw the snowy peaks of the Himalayas for the first time. We. (2) _______ (reach) Pokhara after a hair-raising six-hour bus journey along very narrow roads with a lot of hairpin bends. The bus (3) _______ (be) so full that one person had to share the driver’s seat.

DAY 3: We (1) _______ (begin) our trek at last. We are at about 900 metres and the weather is warm and humid. For lunch we had chips and yak cheese sandwiches. I didn’t like them very much. I’m thrilled that we (2) _______ (pitch) tents for our camps in the dense forests.

DAY 4: Yesterday a landslide (1) _______ (block) our path and we had to use ropes to get over it. This morning we walked along the river Kali Gandaki through dense forests of oak trees and we pitched our camp at Tukuche below the Annapurna mountain range. The main danger in addition to landslides, is ‘yak attack’. Yaks (3) _______ (be) not dangerous but you have to be careful if you meet a herd of them because they can push you off the sides of the mountain.

DAY 5: We met a lot of children on our trek through the villages. They (1) _______ (play) in the pool of muddy rain water as we left the place. We have already climbed 2,400 metres. Up here, it never (2) _______ (rain) and there are no trees. It (3) _______ (be) windy and dusty and I am always thirsty.

DAY 6: Yesterday we (1) _______ (go) up to the mountainside of the township of Mukthinath, at 3,600 metres. The thin air with less oxygen there (2) _______ (leave) us breathless. We (3) _______ (feel) that we couldn’t go any further. We (4) _______ (drink) a lot of extra fluids to prevent altitude sickness.

DAY 7: We turned around today and started to descend to Jomosom. As we went down, the oxygen filled our blood again and we seemed to (1) _______ (fly) instead of walking.

DAY 8: We went back to Pokhara in a small plane yesterday. It (1) _______ (excite) when we flew between the mountain peaks. We arrived in Kathmandu this afternoon and we

(2) (spend) our last few hours in shopping. We leave for Chennai tomorrow. We’ve had a trip of a lifetime.
Answers:
Day-1
1. left
2. spent
3. been

Day-2
1. was raining
2. reached
3. was

Day-3
1. began
2. pitched

Day-4
1. blocked
2. are

Day-5
1. were playing
2. rains
3. is

Day-6
1. went
2. left
3. felt
4. drank

Day-7
1. be flying

Day-8
1. was exciting
2. spent

(e) In the following passage, circle the verbs in simple present tense and underline the verbs in simple past. The first one has been done for you.

(i) Unless one upright there (is) no use in being a charming fellow. Sometimes it (Is) better to be honest than attractive. These are the great truths of modem life which Shyam never realised. He never said an ill-natured word in his life. He was always polite and spoke softly to everybody.

(ii) That night he strolled into the Palette Club about eleven o’clock, and found Trevor sitting by himself in the long room. “Well, Alan, did you get the picture finished all right? “he said, as he lit his cigarette. “Finished and framed, my boy!’’ answered Trevor, “and by- the-bye, you have made a conquest. That old model you saw (is) quite devoted to you. I had to(tell) him all about you – who you (are) where you (fivt), what your income(is) what prospects youljiave).”

(iii) “And now (tell) me how Laura (is) The old model was quite interested in her.” “You (jlorYt) mean to say you talked to him about her?” said Hughie. “Certainly I did. He ((mows) all about the relentless colonel, the lovely Laura, and the £10,000.” “You told that old beggar all my private affairs?” cried Hughie. looking very red and angry. “My dear Alan,” cried Hughie, “I shall probably find him waiting for me when I(go) home.”

(f) Fill in the blanks using Past tense forms of the verbs:

1. I never (see) _______ such a beautiful sunrise before I came here.
2. We were not able to stay overnight as we _______ not (reserve) the tickets in advance.
3. Nirmala _______ (be) to the concert several times.
4. Mariappan knew Pudukottai so well because he _______ (live) there for five years.
5. Yusuf understood the problem because he _______ (experience) the situation earlier.
6. Catherine did not have any cash because he _______ (lose) her purse.
7. My father _______ (be) to Mumbai once before.
8. The cat _______ (chase) the bird before it flew out of the yard.
9. Edith _______ (visit) several doctors before she found out what the problem was with her knee.
10. If we _______ (call) the manager ahead,we would not have needed to wait so long for a table.

Answers:

1. had never seen
2. did not reserve
3. had been
4. had lived
5. had experienced
6. had lost
7. had been
8. had chased
9. visited
10. had called

(g) Read the following news report and underline the past perfect tense form of the verb and circle the simple past tense form of the verb.

India Beat Pakistan To Win Blind Cricket World Cup:

Chasing a huge target of 308 runs, India (romped) home in the penufrimateover of the match to defeat Pakistan and win the Blind Cricket World Cup. India (started off) their chase in a cracking manner, but had lost two quick wickets. Sunil RameslKrbsepto the occasion as he (jflayetf) a great knock to help India beat Pakistan and had scored 93 runs. Earlier India (won) the toss and had decided to bowl first. Pakistan (amassed)a huge score of 307 for eight in 40 overs. Their openers had given them a brisk start which the later batsmen (capitalize) on.

 

(h) Read the following extract and fill in the spaces with the right form of verbs and complete the passage. The first one is done for you.

Question (i)
The poet stops to hear the maiden singing while she (1) _____ (cut) and (2) _____ (bind) the grain. The song of the lady (3) _____ (fascinate) the poet, who (4) _____ (stand) there to listen to the song. The girl (5) _____ (sing) a sad song.
Answer:

1. cuts
2. binds
3. fascinates
4. stands
5. sings

Question (ii)
During the monsoon, a tender slightly warm breeze (1) _____ (blow) on a cloudless afternoon. A sort of fragrance (2) _____ (rise) from the wet grass and trees in the sunlight. It (3) _____ (seem) as if the warm breath of the exhausted earth (4) _____ (fall) against one’s skin. A sweet voiced bird somewhere (5) _____ (chirp) repeatedly.
Answer:

1. blows
2. rises
3. seems
4. falls
5. chirps

(i) Read the news item that appeared in a daily and fill in the blanks with suitable forms of the verbs given in brackets.

Ever since social networking sites entered our lives, they (1) _____ (serve) as platform.s where users could use the virtual space offered by these social media. However, recent incidents (2) _____ (cause) many to question the freedom to express views on various issues and in some cases, it (3) _____ (become) a dangerous platform. Social Contact (4) _____ (transform) people. They (5) _____ (develop) an addiction to it.
Answers:

1. have been serving
2. have caused
3. has become
4. has transformed
5. have developed

(j) Read the following passage and correct the errors you come across.

Question 1.
Rajan slowly settle down in his retired life. His pension plus what his wife bring from the household work she does, helped them to meet their requirements. Life is easy until one Sunday. His granddaughter Madhu come crying. The clay doll in her hand had broken into two. Rajan pacify her and promise to mend it. This small repair work become the founding stone of a very prosperous venture into making clay dolls which earn him great respect.
Answer:
Rajan slowly settled down in his retired life. His pension plus what his wife brought from the household work she did, helped them to meet their requirements. Life was easy until one Sunday his granddaughter Madhu came crying. The clay doll in her hand had broken into two. Rajan pacified her and promised to mend it. This small repair work became the founding stone of a very prosperous venture into making clay dolls which earned him great respect.

 

Question 2.
Games and sports helps in recreation. Soccer, cricket, lawn tennis or wrestling is eagerly watched by millions of fans all over a world. It helps one got a temporary relief from the tensions of a day. The dedication displayed by all player in the field indicates the mental and spiritual development of the player.
Answer:
Games and sports help in recreation. Soccer, cricket, lawn tennis or wrestling are eagerly watched by millions of fans all over the world. It helps one get a temporary relief from the tensions of a day. The dedication displayed by all players in the field indicates the mental and spiritual development of the players.

Writing

(a) Notice:

(i) Prepare a notice to be displayed on the notice-board of your school for the students of Class 11, informing them about the educational tour that has been arranged for them the next month.

(ii) Write a notice about the inauguration of a laughter club in your school.

(b) Message:
You are the Sports Captain of your school. Write a message to the Physical Director, requesting him to be present during the football team selection scheduled for tomorrow.

(c) Do you exercise regularly? If you do, which of these following activities do you prefer? Discuss and share with your partner a few lines about your preference.

(A) Walking
(B) Working out in a gym
(C) Swimming
(D) Cycling

A : I prefer walking. It is a wholesome exercise. Regular walk helps blood circulation very well. A brisk walk for an hour a day keeps one perfectly fit.
B : I love swimming. I admire Michael Phelps for his achievement in swimming. When schools disowned him, his mom found out his interest in swimming. He turned out to be an Olympian of all times with 28 medals. One day I will win gold in swimming for India.
C : Well, after seeing Dipa Karmakar perform ‘pordunova’ vault at the summer Olympics in 2016,1 wish to become an expert in gymnastics
D : Well, I love cycling because it is pollution free. I feel it gives a complete exercise.

Task

You are Mani/Megalai of Class XI, President of the English Club of your school. Draft a speech on the topic ‘Reading Maketh a Complete Man’ to be delivered in the school assembly.

Reading Maketh a Complete Man:

Respected Headmaster, teachers and my dear friends. I am Kaman / Kamala of class XI. I am before you to share my ideas on the topic “Reading Maketh a Complete Man”. Francis Bacon said, “Reading maketh a full man, conference a ready man and writing an exact man.” But the question concerns only reading here.

Extensive and intensive reading builds the mind with valuable ideas and information. A full mind is better than ill-informed or uninformed mind. Reading nourishes the intellect and nurtures one’s imagination. Researches prove that reading good books, can reduce stress levels by half. These is nothing more relaxing and soothing than reading a good book. Without travelling, a sensitive and sensible reader travels around the world. The reader is exposed to new culture and innovative ideas. Reading is a gift. It can be cultivated. It is sad that many students squander their time in playing games in mobile phone or watching useless film music or comic scenes when they must be spending their purple hours of life in reading books. They also waste their time in social websites like Facebook, Twitter and WhatsApp. This addiction in digital technology and browsing harmful websites distracts the young ones.

To dissuade young ones from social media and mass media and help them read books is equal to climbing Everest under hostile weather. So, teachers and parents should share their own joy of reading good books by sharing the best of what they read with student community. Reading makes a man complete. To lead holistic and meaningful lives, I request all my friends to develop a love for reading great classics under the guidance of dedicated teachers and with the help of libraries. –
The more you read, the more you will know.
The more you learn, the more places you’ll go.
So Read and Grow!
Thank you

The Portrait of a Lady About the Author

Khushwant Singh was an Indian novelist and a lawyer. He joined IKS in 1947. He had a calling to be a writer. He served as the editor of many literary and news magazines. As a writer, he is best known for his secularism, sarcasm and love lor poetry. The Mark of Vishnu, A History of Sikhs, The Train to Pakislan. Success Mantra. We Indians, and Death at My Doorstep are some of his masterpieces. I le was awarded Padma Bhushan in 1974 and Padrna Vibhushan by the Government of India. He also received the most coveted Sahitya Academy fellowship. The present story, “The Portrait of a Lady” seems to have been inspired by the novel, “The Portrait of a Lady” by Henry James. It. revolves around the author’s grandmother whose milk of human kindness sustained birds, animals and children. Her unconditional love for all gives her a beauty beyond her age.

The Portrait of a Lady Summary

The author’s grandma was old and wrinkled for about twenty years. The author was told that his grandma was once young and pretty. She had a husband. But the author could not bring himself to believe it as he had seen her old right from his childhood. The picture of author’s grandpa was hung in the drawing room above the mantelpiece. He wore a big turban and loose-fitting garment. His long beard ran down to his chest. He appeared at least 100 years old. He did not look like a family man who could have had a wife and children. He only appeared like an pld man with many grand children.

Grandma was bent with age and had been so for a long time. Her entire body was wrinkled crisscross. She hobbled about the house with one hand on her waist to balance and another hand telling the beads of her rosary. She was always found whispering some inaudible prayer. Her silver locks were scattered on her face untidily. She was beautiful like the winter landscape in the mountains. She was an expansion of pure white serenity breathing peace and contentment.

The author and his grandma were great friends. As his parents had left him under her care and went to live in the city, he spent most of his time with her. She used to wake up the author early in the morning and helped him to get ready for school. She would sing morning prayers in a sing-song voice to enable the young author to remember the prayer by hearing. She would feed him with a stale chapatti smeared with a little butter and sugar. She would fetch his wooden slate and she accompanied him to school everyday. She would bring a lot of stale chapattis for the village dogs back home. She loved temple which was a place of worship and learning.

While the priest taught the children letters of the alphabet, grandma sat inside the temple reading scriptures. When her reading of scriptures and the author’s learning of letters got over for the day both would return home. While returning home grandma would feed the dogs with stale chapattis. The animals would fight among themselves as each chapatti was thrown.

In the village the author spent a lot of time with grandma. But after moving over to the city, he went to an English medium school in a bus. There were no dogs. She started feeding the sparrows. Grandma and the author were in the same room but the time they spent together got reduced considerably.

The author was happy to share the new English words he learn and Science theories like Archimedes’ principles, law of gravity and the shape of the earth. This upset her. She could no more help him with his lessons. The new school did not teach about God or scriptures. The day the author said that he was taking music lessons in school, she became uncomfortably silent.

When the author left for university, grandma was resigned to the fate or a secluded life. She continued her spinning work and chanting. The spinning wheel and prayer kept her busy all day. She rarely spoke to humans nowadays. She relaxed for half an hour in the afternoon.

This was the happiest time of her day as she broke the bread into small bits to feed the sparrows. It was literally a bedlam of chirruppings. Some would perch on her legs and some on her head. She never shooed them away. Instead, there was an angelic smile on her face, She relished those moments.

The author had the opportunity to go abroad. Grandma came to the railway station to farewell. She did not show any emotion or sentiment. Her moist lip imprint on his forehead, j made him wonder if it was her last physical contact with him.

I After five years, when the author returned, she met him at the railway station. She did not j appear to be older. She just hugged the author but continued telling the rosary. She did not i try to show interest in knowing what happened abroad in his life. Instead, she continued to evince keen interest in feeding the sparrows. She fed them longer.

One evening grandma did not pray. Instead, she got an old drum and started singing. She sang of the home-coming of warriors. Everyone got anxious that grandma might strain her nerves. Perhaps it was her swan song.

Grandma ran a temperature. Doctor said that it was a mild fever. But grandma predicted that i her end was near. She didn’t want to waste her time talking to the family members. Grandma lay in bed telling the rosary. Before sunset, her lips stopped chanting and the rosary i fell from her hands. The peaceful pallor on her face conveyed her soul’s departure from the ! body.

She was lifted from bed. She was covered with a red shroud. After a few hours, the body was | left alone to make funeral arrangements. They brought a crude stretcher to take her to the cremation ground.

The sun was setting. Grandma’s room was lit with a blaze of golden light. The room where ! the body was kept, thousands of sparrows sat scattered on the floor. There was no chirruping, i The family was sorry for the birds. Mom broke the bread into crumbs, the way grandma used I to do, and threw it to them. But not a single sparrow took notice. When grandma’s corpse was carried off, they flew away quietly.

Khushwant Singh’s The Portrait of a Lady, in short, gives a splendid pen-picture of his own j grandmother who had steadfast graceful values and philosophy of life. She lived and died gracefully.

The Portrait of a Lady Glossary

Textual:
absurd – inconsistent/ illogical bedlam – noisy confusion dilapidated -damaged expanse -widespread
fables -tales/stories hobbled – walked unsteadily mantelpiece – shelf projecting from the wall above a fireplace
monotonous – unchanging /boring
pallor – an unhealthy pale appearance
perched – sat/rested
pucker – to contract the face into wrinkles
rebukes – scoldings
seclusion – isolation
shroud – cloth used to wrap a dead person
snapped – broke / cut.

Additional:
cherished – retained in memory
contentment – satisfaction
distressed – upset
inaudible – unable to be heard
sentimental – emotional
spotless – clean
untidily – disorderly

The Portrait of a Lady Synonyms

Choose the most appropriate synonym of the underlined word.

Question 1.
The thought was almost revolting.
(a) planning
(b) inspiring
(c) disgusting
(d) appealing
Answer:
(c) disgusting

 

Question 2.
Once she had been young and pretty.
(a) old
(b) ugly
(c) attractive
(d) unpleasant
Answer:
(c) attractive

Question 3.
That seemed quite absurd.
(a) logical
(b) serene
(c) sincere
(d) silky
Answer:
(d) silky

Question 4.
We treated it like the fables of the prophets.
(a) realists
(b) surrealists
(c) magicians
(d) seers
Answer:
(d) seers

Question 5.
She wore spotless white saree.
(a) dull
(b) dirty
(c) pale
(d) clean
Answer:
(d) clean

Question 6.
Her lips moved in inaudible prayer.
(a) unseen
(b) unheard
(c) distasteful
(d) unidentified
Answer:
(b) unheard

Question 7.
She hobbled about the house with her human back.
(a) walked
(b) staggered
(c) hopped
(d) danced
Answer:
(b) staggered

Question 8.
Her silver locks were scattered untidily.
(a) orderly
(b) neatly
(c) hygienically
(d) disorderly
Answer:
(d) disorderly

Question 9.
She was breathing serenity and contentment.
(a) dissatisfaction
(b) malcontent
(c) satisfaction
(d) contenment
Answer:
(c) satisfaction

Question 10.
The fables from the lives of people are really fascinating.
(a) jokes
(b) anecdotes
(c) stories
(d) songs
Answer:
(c) stories

Question 11.
She was like an expanse of pure white serenity.
(a) widespread
(b) narrow
(c) squeezed
(d) expatriate
Answer:
(a) widespread

 

Question 12.
She was distressed that there was no teaching about God or scriptures.
(a) pleased
(b) overwhelmed
(c) upset
(d) delighted
Answer:
(c) upset

Question 13.
Her silence meant disapproval.
(a) acceptance
(b) consent
(c) rejection
(d) consent
Answer:
(c) rejection

Question 14.
The common link of friendship got snapped.
(a) cut
(b) united
(c) linked
(d) conjoined
Answer:
(a) cut

Question 15.
My grandmother accented her seclusion.
(a) company
(b) recognition
(c) inclusion
(d) isolated
Answer:
(d) isolated

Question 16.
Only in the afternoon she relaxed for a while.
(a) rested
(b) slept
(c) read
(d) worked
Answer:
(a) rested

Question 17.
Hundreds of birds created a veritable bedlam of chirruping.
(a) serenity
(b) speed
(c) confusion
(d) quieted
Answer:
(c) confusion

Question 18.
She fed the birds with frivolous rebukes.
(a) blessings
(b) scoldings
(c) praises
(d) Adornment
Answer:
(b) scoldings

Question 19.
The birds perched on her head or legs.
(a) slept
(b) danced
(c) flew
(d) sat
Answer:
(d) sat

 

Question 20.
She never shooed them away.
(a) chased
(b) invited
(c) let
(d) reanounced
Answer:
(a) chased

Question 21.
She was not even sentimental.
(a) emotionless
(b) emotional
(c) cool
(d) hateful
Answer:
(b) emotional

Question 22.
When I left I cherished the moist imprint on my forehead on the last sign of physical contact.
(a) forgot
(b) retained
(c) loitered
(d) wandered
Answer:
(b) retained

Question 23.
For several hours she thumped the sagging skins of the dilapidated drum.
(a) perfect
(b) solid
(c) met
(d) damaged
Answer:
(d) damaged

Question 24.
A peaceful pallor spread on her face.
(a) sickliness
(b) healthiness
(c) freshness
(d) rejuvenation
Answer:
(a) sickliness

Question 25.
We laid her on the ground and covered her with a rose shroud.
(a) saree
(b) chudidhar
(c) pant
(d) veil
Answer:
(d) veil

The Portrait of a Lady Antonyms

Question 1.
She had been old and her skin wrinkled for the twenty years I had known her.
(a) lined
(b) smooth
(c) marked
(d) folded
Answer:
(b) smooth

Question 2.
She had once been pretty.
(a) beautiful.
(b) plain / ugly
(c) graceful
(d) attractive
Answer:
(b) plain / ugly

Question 3.
He wore a loose fitting garment.
(a) free
(b) detached
(c) tight
(d) slim
Answer:
(c) tight

 

Question 4.
The thought was revolting.
(a) distasteful
(b) horrible
(c) nasty
(d) pleasing
Answer:
(d) pleasing

Question 5.
That seemed quite absurd.
(a) wise / logical
(b) silly
(c) illogical
(d) incongruous
Answer:
(a) wise / logical

Question 6.
She was alwavs spotless white.
(a) neat
(b) clean
(c) pine
(d) dirty
Answer:
(d) dirty

Question 7.
One hand was resting on her waist to balance her stoop
(a) hunch
(b) bent
(c) upright
(d) curved
Answer:
(c) upright

Question 8.
Her silver hair lav scattered.
(a) sprinkled
(b) untidy
(c) gathered
(d) divided
Answer:
(c) gathered

Question 9.
Her lips were moving constantly in inaudible naver.
(a) always
(b) persistently
(c) regularly
(d) inconstantly
Answer:
(d) inconstantly

Question 10.
She was an expanse of white serenitv.
(a) harmony
(b) peace
(c) equilibrium
(d) anxiety
Answer:
(d) anxiety

Question 11.
There was contentment in her face?
(a) satisfaction
(b) widespread
(c) dissatisfaction/discontentment
(b) pleasure
Answer:
(b) widespread

Question 12.
She was distressed.
(a) upset
(b) frightened
(c) anxious
(d) pleased
Answer:
(a) upset

Question 13.
She was not sentimental.
(a) emotional
(b) dispassionate / practical
(c) tender
(d) sad
Answer:
(b) dispassionate / practical

Question 14.
Grandma accepted her seclusion.
(a) loneliness
(b) segregation
(c) solitude
(d) association
Answer:
(d) association

Question 15.
We had to persuade her to avoid overstraining.
(a) accept
(b) dissuade
(c) motivate
(d) inspire
Answer:
(b) dissuade

Question 16.
She said her morning prayers in a monotonous sing-song voice.
(a) tiresome
(b) fragrant
(c) satisfying
(d) interesting
Answer:
(d) interesting

 

Question 17.
She rarely spoke to me after that.
(a) scarcely
(b) hardly
(c) always
(d) occasionally
Answer:
(c) always

Question 18.
They flew away quietly.
(a) noiselessly
(b) calmly
(c) composedly
(d) noisily
Answer:
(a) noiselessly

Question 19.
I cherished the moist imprint as the last sign of physical contact.
(a) marshy
(b) arid
(c) slimy
(d) sultry
Answer:
(b) arid

Question 20.
She fed the birds for a long time with frivolous rebukes.
(a) serious
(b) sad
(c) furious
(d) happy
Answer:
(a) serious

Question 21.
Only a few hours before the last chapter of her life she had omitted to pray
(a) isolated
(b) rejected
(c) contracted
(d) included
Answer:
(d) included

Question 22.
We protested.
(a) promoted
(b) apprehended
(c) accepted
(d) projected
Answers:
(c) accepted4>

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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Solutions Poem Chapter 2 Confessions of A Born Spectator

Check out the topics covered in Poem Chapter 2 Confessions of A Born Spectator Questions and Answers before you start your preparation. Improve your grammar skills with the help of Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Book Solutions Questions and Answers pdf links. The solutions for Tamilnadu State Board 11th English Textbook are prepared by the English experts. So, if you follow Tamilnadu State Board Solutions 11th English Textbook Solutions you can cover all the topics in Poem Chapter 2 Confessions of A Born Spectator Questons and Answers. This helps to improve your communication skills.

Warm Up:

Not everybody loves to play and participate in games, sports and other extra-curricular activities. Some of us wish to be mere spectators. List out the activities in which you like to be either a performer or a spectator. Share your views with the class.

	Activities
	performer / player	spectator / audience
e.g.	cricket	magician
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

Answer:

	Activities
	performer / player	spectator / audience
e.g.	cricket	magician
(a)	Football	hockey
(b)	volley ball	kabbadi
(c)	movie	chess
(d)	music concert	dance
(e)	karate	singing

Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Confessions of A Born Spectator Textual Questions

1. Based on your understanding of the poem, answer the following questions in a sentence or two.

One infant grows up and becomes a jockey,
Another plays basketball or hockey,
This one the prize ring hates to enter
That one becomes a tackle or center,
I am just glad as glad can be
That I am not them, that they are not me.

With all my heart I do admire
Athletes who sweat for fun or hire,
Who take the field in gaudy pomp,
And maim each other as they romp,
My limp and bashful spirit feeds
On other people’s heroic deeds.

Now A runs ninety yards to score,
B knocks the champion to the floor,
Cracking vertebrae and spines,
Lashes his steed across the line,
You’d think my ego it would please
To swap positions with one of these.

Well, ego it might be pleased enough,
But zealous athletes play so rough
They do not ever in their dealings
Consider one another’s feelings.
I’m glad that when my struggle begins
‘Twixt prudence and ego, prudence wins.

When swollen eye meets gnarled fist
When snaps the knee, and cracks the wrist,
When officialdom demands,
Is there a doctor in the stands?
My soul in true thanksgiving speaks
For this modest of physiques.

“Athletes, I’ll drink to you
Or eat with you,
Or anything except compete with you,
Buy tickets worth their radium,
To watch you gambol in the stadium,
And reassure myself anew
That you are not me and I’m not you

Confessions Of A Born Spectator Question (a)
Why does the poet feel glad that he does not play any game?
Answer:
The poet feels glad that he was not a player but only a spectator. He is glad because the risk of injuring himself and others is more if he becomes a player.

Confessions Of A Born Spectator Summary Question (b)
Do you think the narrator is heroic? Why?
Answer:
I don’t think the narrator/poet is heroic. A Hero is one who confronts any challenge and acts on it and fights to the end. The narrator is happy as a non-participant observer of heroic and rough games.

Confessions Of A Born Spectator Questions And Answers Question (c)
The poet is satisfied just watching the heroic deeds of others. What could be the reason?
Answer:
The poet is very sensitive. He derives vicarious pleasure on seeing the play of all the players. He is not after glory, medals and not interested in inflicting injury on any opponent. So, he is happy staying out of all rough games.

11th English Unit 2 Poem Question (d)
The poet does not wish to exchange position with the runners. Why?
Answer:
The poet does not wish to break any world record in running. He knows that athletes have no feelings for their fellow players. So, the poet does not want to exchange positions with the runners.

Confessions Of A Born Spectator Meaning In Tamil Question (e)
Are the athletes conscious of the feelings of others? Why do you say so?
Answer:
No, the athletes are zealous in their endeavour to win. In the process they go to the extent of maiming fellow players. The player’s focus is mostly on winning and he is naturally not conscious of the feelings of others.

Confessions Of A Born Spectator Poem Line By Line Explanation Question (f)
Why would the referee ask whether there was a doctor in the stands? What stands is he referring to?
Answer:
When boxing contests go on, one tries to crack the wrist or snap the knee of the other boxer. When such an event takes place, a referee asks for a doctor to provide First Aid to the fatally wounded wrestler/boxer. The stands refers to the boxing ring.

11th English Confessions Of A Born Spectator Question (g)
Why does the poet prefer to buy tickets worth their weight in radium? Bring out the significance of the metal referred to here.
Answer:
Radium is more expensive than diamonds. It is a rare metal discovered by Madam Curie. The poet was ready to buy tickets as expensive as radium just to stay as a spectator.

2. Read the poem again and complete the summary using the words given in the box.
(thanksgiving, exchange, glad, confesses, physiques, zealous, satisfied, aims, admires)

In the poem ‘Confessions of a Born Spectator,’ Ogden Nash talks about how people choose different sports in their lives or decide to become athletes. While admiring the talents of athletes and sportsmen, the poet (i) ________ that he is glad that he is neither a sportsman nor an athlete. Children have different (ii) ________ and wish to play various games. Each child has in mind something in particular, but the narrator is (iii) ________ he is not one of the players. Though the narrator (iv) ________ the talents of all athletes, he derives satisfaction from watching them,’ but does not wish to (v) ________ places with them. He also sometimes regrets that (vi) ________ athletes play rough games without caring for the feelings of their sporting rivals. He feels that good sense and caution win over ego. The narrator wholeheartedly offers (vii) ________ the modest (viii) ________ of athletes. Ultimately the narrator is (ix) ________ that he himself is not an athlete.
Answer:

1. confesses
2. aims
3. glad
4. admires
5. exchange
6. zealous
7. thanksgiving
8. physiques
9. satisfied

3. Read the poem and answer the following in a short paragraph of 8-10 sentences each.

Confession Of A Born Spectator Question (a)
Row does the poet establish the victory of common sense over ego?
Answer:
The poet is sure of his limitations. He had only modest of physiques. He can’t imagine receiving blows in a boxer’s ring. He has seen zealous athletes playing so rough that they never consider the feelings of fellow players. They are insensitive to the cracking wrist and snapping knees of fellows players. When his ego and prudence clashed, ego told him to seek glory in sports, but his pmdence always ignored it. Thus common sense prevailed. He remained a cheerful life-time fan. He was contented as a spectator of all kinds of games and sports and world famous athletes.

Summary Of Confessions Of A Born Spectator Question (b)
The poet does not wish to exchange places with the athletes. How does he justify his view?
Answer:
In the very first stanza, the poet admits that right from his boyhood days, he was glad to watch others play all kinds of games including boxing. He was glad that he was not one of them. His limp and bashful spirit feeds on the heroism of other players. He watches with a palpitating heart when ‘A’ runs ninety yards to bag a medal. He watches with obvious alarm when ‘B’ knocks another boxer down cracking his vertebrae and spines. The players maim each other. His ego would never be pleased to swap places with such popular players. He listens to the mention of prudence/common sense and refrains from hurting himself or others by not participating in any game whatsoever. Thus he justifies his view to continue as spectator.

Confessions Of A Born Spectator Stanza Wise Explanation Question (c)
According to the poet what contributes most to the injuries sustained by the athletes?
Answer:
According to the poet, zealous athletes play so rough that they do not even consider one another’s feelings in their dealings with other players. The players are mostly goaded by prize money or glory from the media’s light on them. They maim each other as they romp. Cracking vertebrae and spines don’t stop the rough players. Most of the players don’t have sportsmanship. They don’t treat success and failure equally.

In order to get the light of fame on their face, they are ready to permanently disable a rival player too. The crazy desire for championship titles, the light of fame on them, leads them to ignore swollen eyes, snapping of knee joints or cracking of wrists. In short, the poet believes the apathy of zealous players and obvious indifference to the pain and debilitating injury contributes most to the injuries sustained by athletes.

4. Read the given lines and answer the questions that follow in a sentence or two.

(a) With all my heart I do admire
Athletes who sweat for fun or hire

Confessions Of A Born Spectator Summary Pdf Question (i)
Whom does the poet admire?
Answer:
The poet admires athletes who play games.

Confessions Of A Born Spectator Poem Paragraph Question (ii)
For what reasons do the athletes sweat?
Answer:
The athletes play and sweat for fun or money.

(b) Well, ego it might be pleased enough
But zealous athletes play so rough..

Confessions Of A Born Spectator Appreciation Questions Question (i)
What pleases the ego?
When players outsmart their opponents and crack their vertebrae and spine, the ego is pleased.

Confessions Of A Born Spectator Poem Summary Question (ii)
Why are athletes often rough during play?
Enthusiastic athletes, in a bid to impress umpires and the spectators play roughly. Besides, they have no feelings for their opponents in the ring/playground.

(c) When officialdom demands
Is there a doctor in the stands?

Confessions Of A Born Spectator Poem Question (i)
Why are doctors called from stands by the sponsors?
Answer:
The doctors are called from the stands by the sponsors to attend to a badly hurt and bleeding athlete.

Question (ii)
Why does the poet make such an observation?
The poet does not wish to swap place with either heroes or victims of brutal sports. So, he makes this remark. ,

(d) When snaps the knee and cracks the wrist….
Identify and explain the use of the literary device in this line.
Answer:
Onomatopoeia is used here.

5. A. Explain the following with reference to the context in about 50-60 words each.

Question (i)
I am just glad as glad can be
That I am not them, that they are not me…
Answer:
Reference: The poet Ogden Nash says these words in the poem “Confession of a Bom Spectator’
Context: While discussing about the athletes he admires, the poet says these words. Explanation: The poet was a bom spectator. Right from his boyhood, he had seen boys aspire for sports championships. He had wondered at their ability to specialize in horse riding, to play hockey or basketball. He had seen young ones trying to play center in the football or be a tackle or offender in a game like kabaddi. But he has been absolutely glad that he is not them and they are not him.
Comment: Ogden Nash shows his contentment to be a spectator.

 

Question (ii)
They do not ever in their dealings
Consider one another’s feelings…
Answer:
Reference: The poet Ogden Nash says these words in the poem “Confessions of a Bom Spectator”.
Context: The poet says these words, while highlighting the callous indifference of players to the pain and injuries of fellow players.
Explanation: Every player considers the player in the opposite team as a deadly rival. He looks for an opportunity. We do find hockey players hitting good players on the ankle with the stick to prevent them from playing great shots. Bowlers try to hit the body of batsman with the ball. They don’t seem to notice cracking wrists and snapping knees as their focus is only on victory and glory! In short, the players do not have feelings for the fellow players.
Comment: The poet brings out the attitude of zealous players.

Question (iii)
Athletes, I’ll drink to you,
Or eat with you,
Or anything except compete with you…
Answer:
Reference: These words are from the poem “Confessions of a Bom Spectator” written by Ogden Nash.
Context: The poet says these while contemplating the probability of swapping places with them.
Explanation: The poet has limp and bashful spirit which feeds on other people’s heroic deeds. The zealous players maim one another to win laurels. The thrill and excitement of all kinds of sports and games pleases the poet but he is wise enough to stay out and be a spectator because he has modest of physiques. He admits he would rather share a drink with them in a pub or dine with them in a restaurant. He is even ready to buy the most expensive tickets, as expensive as radium, to see them play the rough games but never compete with them.
Comment: The poet shows his happiness to treat them with a costly drink since he enjoys being a spectator.

B. Read the poem and complete the table with suitable rhyming words.

e.g. enter	center
___________ (1)	hockey
admire	___________ (2)
___________ (3)	romp
……………….. (4)	deeds
score	___________ (5)
please	___________ (6)
___________ (7)	wrist
demands	___________ (8)
___________ (9)	stadium

Answer:

1. jockey
2. hire
3. pomp
4. feeds
5. floor
6. these
7. fist
8. stands
9. radium

C. Underline the alliterated words in the following lines.

Question (i)
For this most modest physiques…
Answer:
most, modest

 

Question (ii)
They do not ever in their dealings…
Answer:
do, dealings

D. Find out the rhyme scheme of the given stanza.

One infant grows up and becomes a jockey
Another plays basketball or hockey .
This one the prize ring hates to enter
That one becomes a tackle or center…
Answer:
aa;bb

listening Activity

6. First, read the following statements. Then, listen to the passage read aloud by your teacher or played on the recorder and answer the questions that follow. You may listen to it again, if required.

(For listening to the passage refer to our website www.fullcircleeducation.iri)

Tejaswini Sawant is an Indian shooter from the Maharashtrian city of Kolhapur. Her father Ravinder Sawant was an officer in the Indian Navy. Tejaswini represented India in 2004 at the 9th South Asian Sports Federation Games. She, in the 2006 Commonwealth Games, won one gold medal in Women’s 10m Air Rifle Singles and Women’s 10m Air Rifle pairs. In 2009, in the 50m Rifle 3 positions, she won a bronze and in 2010 she became a world champion in 50m Rifle Prone game held in Germany. In the 2010 Commonwealth Games, she won one bronze and two silver medals in the women’s 50m Rifle Prone Pairs, the Women’s 50m Rifle Prone Singles and the Women’s 50m Rifle 3 positions respectively. Tejaswini was the first Indian shooter to win a Gold medal at the world championship in 50m Rifle Prone Game.

Choose the most appropriate option and complete the sentences.

Question 1.
Tejaswini Sawant is an Indian _________
(a) shooter
(b) boxer
(c) cricketer
Answer:
(a) shooter

Question 2.
She represented India at the 9th Squth Asian Sports Federation Games in _________
(a) 2001
(b)2002
(c) 2004
Answer:
(c) 2004

 

Question 3.
In 2006, she won a Gold medal in the _________ Games.
(a) Commonwealth Games
(b) Olympic
(c) Asian
Answer:
(a) Commonwealth Games

Question 4.
She became a world champion in the 50 m Rifle Prone game held in _________
(a) Germany
(b) Russia
(c) India
Answer:
(a) Germany

Question 5.
Tejaswini was the first Indian woman shooter to win a _________ medal at the World Championship in the 50m rifle prone game.
(a) gold
(b) silver
(c) bronze
Answer:
(a) gold

Speaking Activity

7. Work with your partner. Discuss and share your ideas with the class.

Question (a)
Tell the class about your ambition in life and the way you are working towards achieving your goal.
Answer:
Respected teacher and my dear friends.

“If music be the food of love play on” says Orsino in Shakespeare’s most famous play, “Twelfth Night”. I heard the melodious lullaby my mom used to sing when I was a baby in the cradle. I am told I had stayed awake long hours to listen to my mom’s charming voice. Most of my family members are passionately in love with music. They keep murmuring some classical song or Gajal even while mopping the floor or cutting vegetables. Unlike other parents, my parents never asked me if I wanted to become a doctor or engineer. They just let me be.

Just like thirsty people gravitating towards water cooler in summer, I just listened to songs and enjoyed them. I can never recall which point of time I decided to make a career in music. It just happened like falling in love. I started practising music first with my family members. Then I wanted to learn from a master. My mom took me to uncle Varadhacharya for my classical music lessons. He initiated me into the dream world of ragas and helped me identify the names of ragas. He took me to music concerts where world’s best musicians sang and played both classical and western music. As music has no language, I listen to all kinds of songs. I’ve decided to become a musician by profession. I am now lemming to play keyboard

A.R. Rahman master’s music school for free. I love to pursue music because it would be nice to do what you love most and be paid fabulously for it. Dear friends, listen to the call of your heart and pursue your career. Please wish me good luck for my career. I wish you all great careers in your life after school.

I thank the Headmaster, Principal for giving me this opportunity to share my dream career with you all.

Question b.
Your friend competes with you in academics and sports. Think of the situation wherein you would not be affected by his/her victory and the ways in which you would encourage your friend to succeed.
Answer:
My friend Tharun and myself Kavin are in the same class from Std II. We have many things in common which naturally brought us together. He is good in Mathematics but I am good at languages. He is an all-rounder in cricket. But I can bat well and do some fielding too. My Mathematics teacher Mr. Selvaraj always remembers to compliment Tharun and snub me whenever test papers are distributed. But my English teacher Miss Sangeetha is a balanced person. She does appreciate creative writing but never snubs anyone. She has something nice to say to everyone. It was in one such classes she gave me and Tharun a joint project.

We were asked to interview people living at the border struggling to eke out a living. This joint project eradicated the ego in us. We saw life afresh. We, for the first time, felt grateful to our parents for taking care of us and meeting our needs much above their capacity. Afterwards, I derived pleasure in the centuries hit. He raved over the catches I had made in the field or the occasional sixes I had hit. Now we have become family friends. I go to his home to learn my math and he comes to my home when a difficult English assignment is there. As we celebrate one another’s success in both academics and sports, the occasional jealousy that used to crop between us is buried once for all. When you enjoy others’ success and share their joy and when you have a friend who is happy for you, there is a feeling that life is wonderful.

8. Answer the following questions in a short paragraph of about 100-150 words each. You may add your own ideas to support your point of view.

Question a.
Why do accidents usually happen in the playground? Give your own examples and explain.
Answer:
Accidents happen in the field. Once a pole vault champion was in the mid-air. The pole he was ‘ using to jump suddenly snapped. More than 3.5 million children in the age group .of 5-14 years get hurt annually playing sports or participating in some recreating activity. In rough games such as football, children even get brain injuries. Such accidents happen because athletes who involve in brave acts throw caution to winds and do dare-devil adventure like skiing in deadly valleys and mountain tops.

Fencing causes sword injury. In Tamil Nadu, a boy lost his eye sight, due to an accident in fencing. Boxing is the worst game which evinces the damages to chin, skull, jaws, etc. Muhammad Ali the legendary boxer, made holes in the skull of an opponent boxer with his technical hits. Jallikattu sports, causes fatal injuries. I have seen young men gored to death by charging bulls. Ankle gets sprained when a long jumper lands on sand in an awkward manner. Chronic injuries are caused when sportsman over stretch their muscles. Some athletes in my class went for 400 m dash without any practice. Just before the finish line, they had cramps and fell down with great pain. If one decides to become a sport person he must do regular practice to avoid or overcome sports injuries.

 

Question b.
Everybody is special and everybody is a hero. Each one has a story to tell. In the light of this observation, present your views.
Answer:
God creates everyone to become ‘somebody’. Each scar can be turned into a star. Human beings are unique. Each has a talent which is unique. Like billions of snow flakes, we have children with diverse capacities and abilities. Anita was bom in a poor family. Her parents did not want her to continue her studies. She went on a fast for three days and made her parents agree to her high school education. She attended some training sessions on bee keeping. She found swarms of bees approaching litchi trees. She gave private tuition to village children and started her bee keeping business. Within a few years, there was a huge demand for honey from Anitha. She not only made money for her family, she taught girls of her village to learn to do bee keeping. Initially it was not an easy job. She was stung many times. She went to school with swollen faces and was mocked at for doing a man’s job. But she did succeed. Later on she became the Panchayat president and did many good things.

Now Anitha’s life story is in NCERT textbooks. Similarly Sakshi Malik won the first medal in a wrestling match for medal-hungry India. It was Sindhu who brought laurels to India by winning the world title in badminton. Even Mary Kom who got five times gold medal for boxing was not bom with a silver spoon in her mouth. Recently, Prime Minister Narendra Modi has opened “Mary Kom Regional Boxing Foundation” in Imphal, Manipur. She did not even have enough money to attend her first international boxing contest in USA; Lai Bahadur Shastri, who was our former Prime Minister, had no money to travel by boat to his school. It cost one rupee those days. He used to keep all his school uniform and the books in a bag, keep it above his head and swim with one hand across Ganga everyday to school. He was very short in appearance. When a foreign delegate asked him if he was not embarrassed as he was puny in size.

He laughed and said, “Why should I? Every other leader has to bow and talk to me. It is honouring me in fact.” People irrespective of their economic backgrounds do succeed. Stephen Hawkins after being declared that he suffered from a debilitating paralytic attack asked his doctors if his brain was okay. That feeling made him the most powerful scientist in the world. He was called the living Einstein. He wrote the book, “the Brief history of time”. Contrary to the predictions of doctors, he lived upto 73 and died. He is a role model to all differently-abled persons in the world. When everything is lost hope remains. I agree that every body is special and a hero. This applies to rickshaw pullers and the Prime Minister of the country, to the Pakora salesman and IT giants. All are humans and each one has a special skill. Let us respect everyone.

Question c.
Would you like to exchange your place with someone else? Why / why not?
Answer:
Yes, I would like to exchange my place with Donald Trump, the American President. After he won the presidency he has created a cold war between many ethnic minorities and Americans. His policies against emigrants have made him. very unpopular. His stand against Muslims seeking visa for studies or even Short stay draw a lot of criticism among Americans who believe in liberty, equality and justice. If I were permitted to swap places with Trump, I will

liberate the laws that permit Indian citizens to enter America to pursue post graduate studies or seek jobs corresponding to their skill sets. I could also liberalise the emigration policy without. hurting the harmonious co-existence of many races.

I would not exchange my position with the RBI Governor. His position now is the most worrisome. On the one hand, media is persuading the poorest of the poor to do all transactions through Rupay or BHIM App. Middle class people pay their taxes very honestly. But Business magnets take loans to the tune of 5000 crores and just escape to foreign countries. If the centralised monitoring of nationalized banks is not done effectively, why should the large hardworking middle class trust nationalized banks: we can’t trust RBI which has failed in restoring, the faith of common man.

Question d.
What sort of encouragement should an athlete in India be given? Give a few suggestions.
Answer:
An athlete should get flexible schooling hours. He must be given free Boarding and lodging. The food he gets should be free but not free from quality. He must be given opportunities to attend meetings or listen to the videos of world’s best players in games and sports in which. he wishes to specialize. Those who hail from poor socio-economic background must be given sports shoes and uniforms and their travel expenses must be borne by either government or government approved sponsors.

Rural sports centre must be established at the district headquarters in every district. National level and international champions should interact with budding players once in six months. This would motivate young players to a great extent. A sports village could be designed in every district headquarter to nurture talents identified at a young age. “Many a flower is bom to blush unseen and waste its fragrance in the desert air”. To avoid such a thing, government must spend 2% of its GDP for developing sports culture among all children. Every school must have a playground and a skilled physical education teacher too.

 

Question e.
You are the School Pupil Leader. Mention some qualities that can be drawn from the field of sports to improve your leadership skills.
Answer:
A school pupil leader should be a role model. He should coach and lead his team. He should give appropriate counsel to the weak members. He should appreciate genuine efforts even if it doesn’t fetch results. He should encourage enjoyment of the work rather than success. Victory and failure should be treated with composure and equanimity mind.

He must nurture positive thoughts among young ones. He should inform the young ones, “No battle is lost until it is fought”. If one has courage, persistence and team spirit, one can definitely succeed. One has to fix realistic goals for the team and offer support for the team to achieve it.

Confessions of A Born Spectator About the Poet

Ogden Nash was an American poet well known for his Sight verse. He wrote 500 poems. His first collection of poems. Hard Lines was published in 1931 It was a tremendous success. Ogden Nash was a keen observer of American social life and mocked religious moralizing and conservative politicians. The unconventional rhyme schemes he employed in his poems earned him nation-wide reputation. His face was given a space in postage stamp. The humour interwoven in his poems has endeared him to the masses. ‘Confessions of a Bom Spectator’ is spiced with light humour

Confessions of A Born Spectator Summary

Different children have different aspirations. One becomes a jockey and trains race horses. Another becomes a football/liockey player. But the poet hates to enter the ring as a boxer. One can be defender or tackier or center. The poet is glad he is not one of the players and they are not him. Though he admires the pomp and show, he detests the brutality evident in the injuries inflicted on the players. The poet admires athletes who maim each other as they romp. Zealous admirers play rough and beat one another. In a bid to win laurels they are least bothered about others’ pain. When an athlete is badly hurt, the voice seeking a doctor is respected by the poet. The poet admits his readiness to share a drink with the players and buy tickets as expensive as radium just to ensure he is just a spectator and not players.

 

Confessions of A Born Spectator Glossary

Textual:
bashful – shy and reluctant
drink to you. – drink to wish good luck or celebrate success
gaudy pomp – showy dress
gambol – run or jump happily
gnarled – rough and twisted
jockey -horse rider
lashes – beats with a whip
limp – weak
maim – injure
physique -body
prize ring – enclosed area in which boxing matches are fought
prudence – wisdom
romp – play in a rough and noisy way
steed – a large, strong horse
swap – exchange
tackle – approach
zealous – enthusiastic

Additional:
admire – praise
athletes -players
bashful – shy
demands – expects
ego – over estimate of one self
modest – humble
snaps -breaks
worth – value

The main aim is to share the knowledge and help the students of 11th English to secure the best score in their final exams. Use the concepts of Samacheer Kalvi 11th English Book Solutions Poem Chapter 2 Confessions of A Born Spectator Questions and Answers in Real time to enhance your skills. If you have any doubts you can post your comments in the comment section, We will clarify your doubts as soon as possible without any delay.

You can Download Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Book Solutions Guide Pdf, Tamilnadu State Board help you to revise the complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Solutions Chapter 17 Animal Kingdom

Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Animal Kingdom Textbook Exercises

I. Choose the correct answer.

Animal Kingdom Class 9 Pdf Samacheer Kalvi Question 1.
Find the group having only marine members.
(a) Mollusca
(b) Coelenterata
(c) Echinodermata
(d) Porifera
Answer:
(c) Echinodermata

Chapter 17 Animal Kingdom Question 2.
Mesoglea is present in …………………
(a) Porifera
(b) Coelenterata
(c) Annelida
(d) Arthropoda
Answer:
(b) Coelenterata

9th Science Animal Kingdom Question 3.
Which one of the following pairs is not a poikilothermic animal?
(a) Fishes and Amphibians
(b) Amphibians and Aves
(c) Ayes and Mammals
(d) Reptiles and mammals
Answer:
(a) Fishes and Amphibians

9th Science Guide Animal Kingdom Question 4.
Identify the animal having a four-chambered heart ………………..
(a) Lizard
(b) Snake
(c) Crocodile
(d) Calotes
Answer:
(c) Crocodile

Animal Kingdom Questions And Answers Class 9 Question 5.
The animal without skull is …………………….
(a) Acrania
(b) Acephalia
(c) Apteria
(d) Acoelomate
Answer:
(a) Acrania

9th Science Animal Kingdom Answer Key Question 6.
Hermaphrodite organisms are …………………….
(a) Hydra, Tapeworm, Earthworm, Amphioxus
(b) Hydra, Tapeworm, Earthworm, Ascidian
(c) Hydra, Tapeworm, Earthworm, Balanoglossus
(d) Hydra, Tapeworm, Ascaris, Earthworm
Answer:
(d) Hydra, Tape worm, Ascaris, Earthworm

9th Science Unit 17 Animal Kingdom Question 7.
Poikilothermic organisms are ……………………….
(a) Fish, Frog, Lizard, Man
(b) Fish, Frog, Lizard, Cow
(c) Fish, Frog, Lizard, Snake
(d) Fish, Frog, Lizard, Crow
Answer:
(c) Fish, Frog, Lizard, Snake

9th Standard Science Animal Kingdom Question 8.
Air sacs and pneumatic bones are seen in ……………………….
(a) fish
(b) frog
(c) bird
(d) bat
Answer:
(c) bird

Animal Kingdom Lesson For 9th Class Question 9.
An excretory organ of tapeworm is ………………………
(a) Flame cells
(b) Nephridia
(c) Body surface
(d) Solenocytes
Answer:
(a) Flame cells

Animal Kingdom 9th Class Question 10.
Water vascular system is found in ……………………….
(a) hydra
(b) earthworm
(c) starfish
(d) Ascaris
Answer:
(c) starfish

II. Fill in the blanks.

1. The skeletal framework of Porifera is ……………………….
2. Ctenidia are respiratory organs in ……………………
3. Skates are ……………… fishes.
4. The larvae of an amphibian is …………………..
5. …………….. are jawless vertebrates.
6. ………………… is the unique characteristic feature of mammal.
7. Spiny anteater is an example for ………………  mammal.

Answer:

1. spicules
2. Octopus
3. Cartilaginous
4. tadpole
5. Cyclostomes
6. Placenta
7. egg-laying

III. State whether true or false. If false write the correct statement.

1. Canal system is seen in coelenterates – False
   Correct statement: Canal system is seen in Porifera.
2. Hermaphrodite animals have both male and female sex organs – True
3. Trachea are the respiratory organ of Annelida – False
   Correct Statement: Trachea are the respiratory organ of Arthropoda.
4. Bipinnaria is the larva of Mollusca – False
   Correct statement: Bipinnaria is the larva of Echinodermata
5. Balanoglossus is a ciliary feeder – True
6. Fishes have two chambered heart – True
7. Skin of reptilians are smooth and moist – False
   Correct statement: Their body is covered with homy epidermal scales.
8. Wings of birds are the modified forelimbs – True
9. Female mammals have mammary glands True.

IV. Match the following.

Phylum	Examples
1. Coelenterata	(a) Snail
2. Platyhelminthes	(b) selfish
3. Echinodermata	(c) Tapeworm
4. Mollusca	(d) Hydra

Answer:

1. (d) Hydra
2. (c) Tapeworm
3. (b) selfish
4. (a) Snail

V. Answers in brief.

9th Animal Kingdom Book Back Answers Question 1.
Define taxonomy.
Answer:
The theoretical study of classification which includes its basic principles, procedures and rules.

9th Science Chapter 17 Question 2.
What is a nematocyst?
The stinging cells present at tentacles of aquatic animals like jelly fish, hydra, etc in phylum coelenterata is called nematocyst (cnidoblast)

9th Animal Kingdom Question 3.
Why coelenterates are called diploblastic animals?
Answer:
The animals in phylum coelenterates have two layers the outer ectoderm and the inner endoderm in the body wall. So they are called diploblastic animals.

Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Animal Kingdom Question 4.
List the respiratory organs of amphibians.
Answer:
The respiratory organs of amphibians are gills, lungs, skin and pharyngeal region.

Animal Kingdom Lesson For 9th Standard Question 5.
How does locomotion take place in starfish?
Answer:
Locomotion is affected by tube feet.

Animal Kingdom Class 9 Question 6.
Are Jelly fish and star fish similar to fishes? Give reasons.
Answer:
No. Jelly fish and starfish are not similar to fishes because jelly fish belongs to Cnidarians. Star fish belongs to Echinodermata. Fishes belongs to class Pisces.

Animal Kingdom Class 9 Pdf Question 7.
Why are frogs said to be amphibians?
Answer:
The frogs have dual adaptation in land and aquatic environments. So they are called amphibians.

VI. Short answer questions.

9th Science Chapter 17 Question Answer Question 1.
Give an account on phylum Annelida.
Answer:

1. The animals in phylum annelida are segmented worms.
2. Example: Earth worms, Leeches and a group of marine worms.
3. Segmented body shows metamerism which means the property of having repeated homologous organs in each segment.
4. The animals possess body cavity called coelom.
5. Some organisms show movable bristles called setae.
6. They have no legs and no hard skeleton.
7. The body is covered by moist outer cuticle.
8. A thick multi-layered structure, outside the epidermis provides protection.
9. They have a central nervous system with a brain.
10. Metabolic wastes are removed by Nephridia.

Animal Kingdom Science Class 9 Question 2.
Differentiate between flatworms and roundworms.
Answer:

Flatworms	Roundworms
The flatworms come under phylum Platyhelminthes.	The roundworms come under phylum Nematoda
Flatworms have a dorsoventrally flattened body.	Roundworms have cylindrical body with tapering at one end.
Flatworms do not have cuticle.	Roundworms have an outer covering called cuticle.
Flatworms are parasitic in nature.	Roundworms live either on water or in soil.

Animal Kingdom 9th Book Back Answers Question 3.
Outline the flow charts of Phylum Chordata.
Answer:

Class 9 Science Chapter 17 Question 4.
List five characteristic features of fishes.
Answer:

1. Fishes are poikilothermic, whose internal temperature varies, considerably.
2. The body has a covering of scales.
3. Body muscles are arranged into segments called myotomes.
4. The body is differentiated into head, trunk and tail.
5. Respiration is done by 5 to7 pairs of gills, which are covered by an operculum or sometimes maybe naked.

Question 5.
Comment on the aquatic and terrestrial habits of amphibians.
Answer:

1. The transition from aquatic to terrestrial living is clearly indicated in Amphibian.
2. They are the first vertebrates to live on land.
3. Amphibians have dual adaptation to living in aquatic and land environments.
4. The double life is called amphibious.
5. In frogs, the hind limbs have webbed feet.
6. The skin is moist and glandular usually without scale.
7. Respiration is by gills, lungs, skin and pharyngeal region.
8. The heart has three chambers, with two auricles and a single ventricle.
9. Fertilization is external.
10. The larva is a tadpole, which is metamorphoses into an adult.

Question 6.
How are the limbs of the birds adapted for avian life?
Answer:

1. Birds have spindle-shaped body.
2. The forelimbs are modified as wings for aerial locomotion.
3. The air sacs present in the birds, make the bird lightweight.
4. The body is covered with feathers.

VII. Long answer questions.

Question 1.
Describe the characteristic features of different Prochordates.
Answer:
Prochordates are the forerunners of Vertebrates. They do not have a cranium or skull. So they are called Acrania. The classification is based on the nature of the notochord. The following are the three subphyla of prochordata.
(a) Hemichordates:

Eg- Balanoglossus.
The organism lack notochord and are without backbones. They are tuberculous forms. The body is soft, vermiform, unsegmented, bilaterally symmetrical and triploblastic. The notochord is persistent as the stomochord in the anterior region.

(b) Cephalochordates:

Eg- Amphioxus
The notochord extends forward beyond the brain. Small fish like marine chordates with i unpaired dorsal fins.

(c) Urochordates:

Eg- Ascidians
The notochord is confined to the tail region of the larva. In adults, they degenerate and are in sessile forms. The body is enveloped by a tunic or test.

Question 2.
Give an account on phylum Arthropoda.

1. Arthropoda is the largest phylum.
2. The organisms have jointed legs.
3. The body is segmented into head, thorax and abdomen.
4. The exoskeleton is made up of chitin.
5. The coelomic cavity is filled with haemolymph (blood).
6. They do not have defined blood vessels. This is called open circulatory system.
7. The insects shed the exoskeleton and this process is called moulting.
8. Small Arthropods absorb oxygen through the body and larger aquatic species breathe through book gills.
9. Land Arthropods breathe through a system of tiny body tubes called tracheae.
10. Excretion occurs through malphigian tubules and through green glands in crabs and prawns. .
11. Insects, spiders, crabs, shrimps, butterflies, millipedes, centipedes, and scorpions are some arthropods.

Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Animal Kingdom Additional Questions

I. Fill in the blanks.

1. In binomial classification of animal and plant, the first name is ………… and the second is ……………..
2. The bacteria cells have no …………….
3. The two major category of life are …………. and ……………
4. ……….. refers to a fluid filled cavity inside the body.
5. Kingdom animals is classified into two sub kingdom namely ………….. and ……………
6. In phylum Porifera, the organisms have many pores in their body called ………….. and for circulation of water.
7. In Phylum Coelenterate, the organisms exist in two different body namely a ………….. and a ……………..
8. The most common larva in phylum Mollusca is ……………….
9. The most common larva in phylum Echinodermata is ……………….
10. Dairy farming is referred to as ……………….

Answer:

1. Genus, Species
2. Nucleus
3. Prokaryotes, Eukaryotes
4. Coelom
5. Invertebrata, Vertebrata
6. Ostia, Osculum
7. Polyp, Medusa
8. Trochophore
9. Bipinnaria Larva
10. White Revolution

II. Write true or false for the following statement and write the correct statement for the false statements.

1. Amoebic dysentery is caused by plasmodium – False.
   Correct Statement: Amoebic dysentery is caused by protozoa entamoeba histolytica.
2. The first systematic approach to the classification of living organisms was done by Carl Linnaeus – True
3. Sponges do not have any true tissues – True
4. In phylum Arthropoda, the organisms have jointed legs – True
5. In phylum Mollusca, the body of organisms is divided into head, thorax and abdomen – False.
   Correct Statement: In phylum Mollusca the body of organisms is divided into head, muscular foot and the visceral mass.

III. Write any three common characteristic features of the following phyla of invertebrates and classes of vertebrates.

1. Protozoa :
   • Single-celled eukaryotes.
   • Locomotion is done by pseudopodia.
   • The nutrition is either autotrophic or heterotrophic.
2. Platyhelminthes:
   • This Phylum includes flatworms.
   • Excretion and osmoregulation occur through flame cells.
   • These worms are hermaphrodites having both male and female reproductive organs in a single individual.
3. Mollusca:
   • Soft-bodied animals without segmentation.
   • The body is covered by a mantle and a shell.
   • Respiration is carried through gills or lungs or both.
4. Class Reptilia:
   • The body is covered by an exoskeleton of homy epidermal scales.
   • The respiration is by lungs.
   • The heart is three-chambered, except crocodile, which has four chambers.-
5. Class Mammalia:
   • They have epidermal hairs, sweat, sebaceous and scent glands.
   • The mammary glands are the modified integumentary glands.
   • The external ear or pinna is present in most of the mammals.

IV. Write the binomial name for the following common names of animals.

S. No.	Common Name	Binomial Name
1.	Amoeba	Amoeba proteus
2.	Cockroach	Periplaneta americana
3.	Roundworm	Ascaris lumbricoides
4.	Frog	Rana hexadactyla
5.	Crow	Corvus splendens
6.	Dog	Canis familiaris
7.	Cat	Felis felis
8.	Man	Homo sapiens

V. Write the names of any two organisms for the following each phylum and the classes.

S. No.	Phylum Classes	Two Organisms
1	Protozoa	Amoeba, Euglena
2	Porifera	Spongilla, Sea sponge
3	Coelenterata	Jellyfish, Hydra
4	Platyhelminthes	Liver fluke, Tapeworm
5	Nematoda	Ascaris lumbricoides, wuchereria boncrofti
6	Annelida	Earthworm, Leech.
7	Arthropoda	Cockroach, Centipede
8	Mollusca	Octopus, Snail
9	Echinodermata	Starfish, Sea urchin
10	Pisces	Fishes, Sharks
11	Amphibia	Frogs, Toads
12	Reptilia	Lizard, Crocodile
13	Aves	Dove, Duck
14	Mammalia	Elephant, Goat

VI. Write the number of chambers of heart in the following classes of vertebrates.

S. No.	Classes of Vertebrates	Number of Chambers
1	Class Pisces	Two chambers
2	Class Amphibia	Three chambers
3	Class Reptilia	Three chambers, except crocodile (4 chambers)
4	Class Aves	Four chambers
5	Class Mammalia	Four chambers

You can Download Old Man River Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 9th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf Prose Chapter 3 help you to revise complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 9th English Solutions Prose Chapter 3 Old Man River

Old Man River Warm Up:

Look at these pictures of cyclone, floods, earthquake and tsunami.

A. Discuss in pairs for two minutes on any one of these natural disasters. You may use the following points.

• Causes
• Damages
• Precautions

Floods:
Floods are an overabundance of water in an otherwise dry area. A flood can be caused by large quantities of water gushing from a water body, such as ocean, rivers, lakes or ponds, which can swell due to heavy rainfall or mountain snowmelt. If the rivers and lakes receive too much rain then the water will not be confined within their banks. It will flow into the drylands, causing huge destruction.

Flash floods are short-term, intense and quickly-developing floods. Sudden thunderstorms create temporary puddles of water everywhere and cause small rivers and lakes to swell. In coastal areas, cyclones often cause upheavals in the water level. This creates a giant wall of water heading toward land. Depending on the size of the tide and how hard it hits land, it can often be a dangerous phenomenon, literally washing away buildings and structures along the coast.
In the flood prone areas, the following actions need to be taken:

1. Protect your home – elevate the electric appliances, install check valves in sewer traps, seal
   walls in basements to avoid seepage, store adequate food, candles and drinking water.
2. Listen to radio/TV emergency alerts and instructions.
3. Seek higher grounds and be ready to evacuate if instructed.
4. Do not try to drive through a flooded road. If your vehicle stalls, abandon it and seek an alternate route.
5. After a flood, stay away from floodwater.
6. Be aware of areas where water has receded. Roads may have weakened or power lines may have fallen.
7. Do not drink tap water until hygiene standards are guaranteed by the health department.
8. Clean the home, especially kitchen with safe chemical cleansers.

B. Fill the word web with words related to natural disasters. One example is done for you.

Answer:

C. Imagine a situation where your house is surrounded by water and answer the following.

Old Man River Summary Question (i).
What health hazards caused when water stagnates around your place?
Answer:
Dangerous diseases, stench smell, mosquitoes breeding, etc.

Old Man River Book Back Answers Question (ii).
When there is a power shutdown for long hours during floods, what will you do?
Answer:
I will collect rainwater for drinking and other purposes and will try to finish the daily chores before dusk.

Old Man River Question And Answer Question (iii).
What precautions would you take if there is an announcement about flooding in your area?
Answer:
I will move to a safer place, on a higher altitude.

D. List out the Human activities which have an impact on nature. Complete the tabular column. One is done for you.

Answer:

Old Man River Intext Questions

E. Discuss with your partner and answer the following questions:

Old Man River Summary Pdf Question 1.
What were the girls doing in the living room?
Answer:
Amy and Rose were knitting. Betty was looking at a magazine.

Old Man River Summary In English Question 2.
Why was Mother not able to come home?
Answer:
Mother couldn’t get home from Mrs. Brant’s as the bridges between Mrs. Brant’s house and town are underwater.

The Old Man River Summary Question 3.
How did Jim want the girls to ‘get organised’?
Answer:
Jim asked the girls to be organized. He asked Betty to search and bring flashlight, candles, lamps and lanterns; Rose to fill the tubs and pails; Amy to check on food, blankets and coats. Jim also asked them to be ready with first-aid kit.

9th English Old Man River Question 4.
Which two important things did Jim want the girls to do to avoid getting scared?
Answer:
Jim instructed the girls not to show off to others how much each one was afraid of the situation and cause fear in others. Next to get all the things together like water, food, blankets, coats, lights and to climb into the attic and on to the roof.

Old Man River 9th Standard Question 5.
Where did Jim want the girls to climb up? How’ was it going to help them?
Answer:
Jim wanted the girls to climb up to the roof. It would help them as they could wave the flashlight and someone would see it and come for their rescue.

Narrate The Story Of The Old Man River Question 6.
Who went to get Sara? Where was she?
Answer:
Jim went to get Sara. Sara was on the playhouse porch.

F. Discuss with your partner and answer the following questions:

The Old Man River Question And Answer Question 1.
What were the important objects that the girls and Jim try to move to the attic? Why?
Answer:
Flashlight, candles, lamps, lanterns, food, blankets, coats, books and jewels were some of the articles that the girls and Jim tried to move to the attic. By night, they were expecting the water to enter into the house. To be safe until the rescue arrived, they planned to stay in the attic.

Narrate The Story Of “ The Old Man River’. Question 2.
Who came to rescue the children?
Answer:
Mr. Peters and Miss Marsh came to rescue the children.

Old Man River Question Answer Question 3.
What happened to Sara?
Answer:
Sara’s right leg just below the knee was hurt as she climbed down the ladder from the playhouse.

Old Man River Essay In English Question 4.
Who is Miss Marsh? How does she help Sara?
Answer:
Miss Marsh is the Red Cross Nurse. She understands that Sara has broken her right leg just below the knee. She splints it up with pillows and umbrella and lifts her safely into the boat. She also decides to take her to the emergency Red Cross hospital in Armoury.

Question 5.
Who were taken in the boat? Who were left behind?
Answer:
Left behind in the house are Amy and Jim. Others were in the boat – Betty, Sara, Rose, along with Mr. Peter and Miss Marsh.

Question 6.
How does Red Cross help the children?
Answer:
Red Cross helps the children by rescuing them from the flooded area and by saving their lives. ‘

Old Man River Textual Questions

A. Based on your understanding of the play, choose the correct answer and fill in the blanks.

1. The radio announced that …………….. .
(i) the river was above the flood stage.
(ii) the Bumet Dam had given way.
(iii) there will be a cloud burst.
(iv) they will be a cyclone.
Answer:
(i) the river was above the flood stage.

2. Mother couldn’t get home from Mrs. Brant’s because ……………… .
(i) it was raining heavily.
(ii) the bridges between home and the town were under water.
(iii) there was an emergency at Mrs. Brant’s house.
(iv) she had broken her leg.
Answer:
(ii) the bridges between home and the town were under water.

3. The Burnett Dam gave away as ……………….. .
(i) it rained for days.
(ii) the dam was weak.
(iii) it rained heavily and the snow was melting.
(iv) the maintenance was poor.
Answer:
(iii) it rained heavily and the snow was melting.

4. There was no power because ………………. .
(i) the power house was out of commission.
(ii) the power house was flooded.
(iii) the dam gave away.
(iv) there was fire.
Answer:
(ii) the power house was flooded.

5. Why did they splint up Sara’s leg with pillows?
(i) She was unconscious out of fear.
(ii) She had broken her leg below the knee.
(iii) She was too lazy to walk.
(iv) She was making a fuss.
Answer:
(ii) She had broken her leg below the knee.

B. Based on your reading, answer the following in two or three sentences each.

Question 1.
Why did Jim run from school?
Answer:
As the river was rising fast, Jim had to run every step of the way from school. The Burnett Dam gave way an hour ago and its condition was very bad.

Question 2.
Where was Amy’s mother?
Answer:
Amy’s mother took Dick to the dentist and was going to stop at Mrs. Brant’s for a recipe before reaching home.

Question 3.
Why did Amy ask Betty to fill in the water tubs?
Answer:
Amy asked Betty to fill the bowls, tubs, pails and pitchers with fresh water because town supply might be cut of or could become unsafe to drink.

Question 4.
According to Jim what are the two things that a person should remember in times of emergency?
Answer:
First thing, we must not let the others see how scared we are. Next to get all the things together in one place like water, food, blankets, coats, light, etc.

Question 5.
Why is Jim climbing on the roof?
Answer:
Jim wanted to be on top of the roof thinking that he would signal for help from the roof. Coast Guard would send a boat to rescue them.

Question 6.
Who were there in the living room? What were they doing?
Answer:
Amy, Betty and Rose were sitting in the living room. Amy and Rose were knitting while Betty was looking at pictures in a magazine.

Question 7.
Why were they going to sleep in the attic?
Answer:
To save themselves from getting floated along with the rising water, they decided to climb into attic and on to the roof because they were living in a bungalow instead of a two- storey house.

Question 8.
Who came in the boat?
Answer:
Tom Peter and Miss Marsh came in the rescue boat. (Tom Peter is member of the Red Cross Disaster Committee and Penny Marsh is the Red Cross nurse.)

Question 9.
Who is the founder of Junior Red Cross?
Answer:
Jean Henry Dunant

C. Match the following by ‘drawing a line across column A and B.

Answers:
1. (e), 2. (c), 3. (h), 4. (g), 5. (i), 6. (d), 7. (j), 8. (f), 9. (b), 10. (a).

D. Based on your understanding of the text, answer the following in about three to four sentences each:

1. Describe the ‘home alone’ experience of the children.
Answer:
Amy Marshall and Betty Marshall were left alone in the home and due to cyclone, the water level was rising around their house. They were lucky enough to have their friends cum neighbour Rose field. Sara Field and Jim Hall in their house to fight against the disastrous moment. Amy’s mother had taken Dick to dentist and on her way back she was supposed to meet Mrs. Brant for a recipe. Amy’s father was in Chicago on some business matters.

2. Elaborate the rescue operation undertaken by Mr. Peter.
Answer:
Tom Peters and Miss. Marsh, member of the Red Cross Disaster Committee and Red Cross nurse respectively, were on a boat calling out for Mr. Marshall’s family to know whether they were safe. Jim responded and guided the rescue team to know where they were. Mr. Peter’s was shocked to know’ that there were children and no adults inside the house. When they were climbing down the ladder Sara fell and got hurt. She was wrapped in blanket. Mr. Peter suggested that more than pain it is the fear that is not making them function well and asked them to be composed. Sara has broken her right leg just below the knee. They splint it up with pillows and umbrella to lift her safely into the boat. They took her to the emergency Red Cross hospital in the Armoury.

3. How did Jim prove himself as a good rescuer in the flood situation?
Answer:
Jim Hall a neighbour, came to the rescue of all three girls luckily during the crisis time. Mr. Marshall and Mrs. Marshall were away due to valid reasons – one on business at Chicago and the other on a visit to the dentist along with Dick. Jim Hall acted very wisely by giving all the three girls directions to collect flashlight, fill water, candles and first-aid kit. Jim advised them to climb into the attic and on to the roof, because the house they were staying was a bungalow and not a two-storey house. It was dangerous as water might have entered the house anytime.

4. Briefly narrate the happenings of the play in Scene II.

(a) How did Amy manage the situation at home?
Answer:
Amy, Rose and Betty had three candles on the table. Sara was asleep covered with the blanket in a big chair. Betty was trying to read with the help of candle-light. Amy would suggest them to sleep.

(b) How did the Marshall save the children?
Answer:
Mr. Peters was carrying Sara and gave her confidence by stating that she was more frightened then hurt. Miss Marsh splint right leg of Sara up with pillows and umbrella just below the knee to lift her safely into the boat. Then they took her to the emergency Red Cross hospital in the Armoury.

Think and answer:
You are one of the survivors of an earthquake that has effected your city a lot. Share the trauma you underwent and what helped you to sail through it. Give a talk for two minutes.

E. Using a dictionary, find out the synonyms and the antonyms of the words given below. One has been done for you.

Answer:

Listening:

F. Listen to the paragraph and fill in the blanks.

The 2015 South Indian floods resulted from heavy rainfall generated by the annual north east monsoon in November- December 2015. They affected the Coromandel Coast region of the South Indian states of Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh, and the union territory of Puducherry, with Tamil Nadu and the city of Chennai particularly hard- hit. More than 500 people were killed and over 18 lakh people were displaced. With estimates of damages and losses ranging from nearly 200 billion rupees to over 1 trillion rupees, the floods were the costliest to have occurred in 2015, and were among the costliest natural , disasters of the year. The flooding has been attributed to the2014-16 El-Nino event.
(For listening to the script refer to our website www.fullcircleeducation. in)

The (1) ……………… South Indian floods resulted from heavy rainfall generated by the
annual north east monsoon in (2) ……………… 2015. They affected the (3) …………….. region of the South Indian states of (4) …………….., and the Union Territory of (5) ……………….., with Tamil Nadu and the city of (6) ………………. particularly hard-hit. More than (7) ………………. people were killed and over 18 lakh people were (8) ………………….With estimates of damages and losses ranging from nearly 200 billion rupees to over 1 trillion rupees, the (9) ………………… were the costliest to have occurred in 2015, and were among the costliest natural disasters of the year. The flooding has been attributed to the 2014-16 (10) ………………. .
Answers

1. 2015
2. November
3. Coromandel Coast
4. Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh
5. Puducherry
6. Chennai
7. 500
8. displaced
9. floods
10. El-Nino event

Writing:

G. As a local government official working in the flood affected area you are talking to an old lady who has lost her belongings. Write a dialogue between you and the old woman. Complete the conversation.

You : Good morning Madam.
Old lady : Good morning.
You : I am from the Fire and Rescue department. How can I help you?
Old lady : (i) ……………………………………………..
You : (ii) ………………………………………………
Old lady : (iii) ………………………………………….
You : (iv) …………………………………………………
Old lady : (v) ……………………………………………
You : (vi) ………………………………………………..
Old lady : (vii) ……………………………………..
You : (viii) …………………………………………..
Old lady : (ix) …………………………………………
Answers:
(i) I have left a very important casket in my closet, can you please bring if for me?
(ii) The water level is rising. It would be really life threating to go to that place.
(iii) Yeah, I do understand that. To me, yes it is impossible, can you try for my sake please.
(iv) One person cannot do that, we may have to work as a team.
(v) Then do so please. I can’t live without that casket.
(vi) Madam please understand the human power/resource must/can be used to rescue mankind. Amma, life is more important than casket.
(vii) Yes, I don’t deny that. Can you please take that after you finish this work or when you go to my house or nearby places.
(viii) OK amma, I shall surely try. Take rest. Health is more important for us.
(ix) Thank you child; May God bless you!! Please try for my sake.

Creative Writing:

H. Write a letter to your friend about your experiences during the recent ‘Gaja’ cyclone.

29 May 2018
xxxx

Dear Malathi,
Hope this letter finds you in the best of health and spirits. Here, I am fine. But recently I have had the worst experience of my wife which I want to share with you. You must have heard about the cyclone ‘Gaja’ that devastated parts of Sri Lanka and India. It was the most intense tropical cyclone in the Arabian Sea since Cyclone Megh in 2015. It started as an area of low pressure in the eastern Andaman Sea on November 21 and within a few days grew into a deep depression. Ockhi intensified into a Cyclonic Storm on November 30 and caused huge damage to property and life in my city. Hundreds of people died and so many were injured. Thousands of trees were uprooted. We had no power supply for a couple of days. Food, drinking water and medicines were out of reach. Even after the cyclone subsided our area was cut off from

Writing:

G. As a local government official working in the flood affected area you are talking to an old lady who has lost her belongings. Write a dialogue between you and the old woman. Complete the conversation.

You : Good morning Madam.
Old lady : Good morning.
You : I am from the Fire and Rescue department. How can I help you?
Old lady : (i) …………………………………………….
You : (ii) ……………………………………………………
Old lady : (iii) ……………………………………………
You : (iv) …………………………………………………..
Old lady : (v) …………………………………………….
You : (vi) …………………………………………………..
Old lady : (vii) …………………………………………..
You : (viii) ………………………………………………..
Old lady : (ix) …………………………………………..
Answers:
(i) I have left a very important casket in my closet, can you please bring if for me?
(ii) The water level is rising. It would be really life threating to go to that place.
(iii) Yeah, I do understand that. To me, yes it is impossible, can you try for my sake please.
(iv) One person cannot do that, we may have to work as a team.
(v) Then do so please. I can’t live without that casket.
(vi) Madam please understand the human power/resource must/can be used to rescue mankind. Amma, life is more important than casket.
(vii) Yes, I don’t deny that. Can you please take that after you finish this work or when you go to my house or nearby places.
(viii) OK amma, I shall surely try. Take rest. Health is more important for us.
(ix) Thank you child; May God bless you!! Please try for my sake.

Creative Writing

H. Write a letter to your friend about your experiences during the recent ‘Gaja’ cyclone.

29 May 2018
xxxx

Dear Malathi,
Hope this letter finds you in the best of health and spirits. Here, 1 am fine. But recently I have had the worst experience of my wife which I want to share with you. You must have heard about the cyclone ‘Gaja’ that devastated parts of Sri Lanka and India. It was the most intense tropical cyclone in the Arabian Sea since Cyclone Megh in 2015. It started as an area of low pressure in the eastern Andaman Sea on November 21 and within a few days grew into a deep depression. Ockhi intensified into a Cyclonic Storm on November 30 and caused huge damage to property and life in my city. Hundreds of people died and so many were injured. Thousands of trees were uprooted. We had no power supply for a couple of days. Food, drinking water and medicines were out of reach. Even after the cyclone subsided our area was cut off from the main market due to blocked roads. It was a terrible experience for me. I wish not to have any such experience again. Life has started to get norma!now. I feel better after writing to you regarding this. Awaiting eagerly to listen from you.

Yours friendly,
Shivani

Address on the envelope:

I. Make a poster of any natural disaster, giving details about the devastations caused.

The recent dust storm that swept through India was one of its deadliest. The scale and intensity of this storm stretched from the western state of Rajasthan to the eastern state of Uttar Pradesh and hit Delhi, which lies between them. The dust storm caused more than 100 reported fatalities. Most of the fatalities occurred when intense wind knocked over large structures, killing or injuring those in its way.
J. You are a volunteer in your locality to serve people who are affected by floods. How will you caution them to move to a safer place taking only their bare necessities? Describe.
If I am a volunteer serving people affected by floods, I will first ask them to remain calm and have patience. Then, in a gentle voice I will give them the following instructions:

• Be prepared! We may need to move to a safer place as the floods are getting worse.
• Pack a bag with only your important items.
• Take a few clothes, a pair of bedsheets and a blanket.
• Keep your official documents, like degrees, license, PAN card, etc.
• Pack some eatables that can last long.
• Take some medicines.
• Turn off utilities at the main switches or valves.
• Disconnect all electrical appliances.
• If you have to walk in water, wherever possible, walk where the water is not moving.
• Take a stick to check the firmness of the ground in front of you.
• While moving out, please be together with your family and take care of each other.
• Do not panic. It is going to be alright soon. We will return home when authorities indicate it is safe.

Think and Do

K. Given below are some qualities that the characters in the play displayed during the floods for survival. Identify and write the character with the qualities.

Answers:

Read the following passage about mountaineering.

Scaling Heights

1. Mountains have a great fascination for men and people. Mountain climbing, however, is not without risks. Is is a challenge to the unconquerable spirit of man and his love of adventure. That is is a dangerous sport cannot be denied. As one climbs higher and higher, breathing becomes more and more difficult. Some climbers, therefore, carry a heavy apparatus from which they inhale oxygen.

2. Mountain climbing is dangerous in the extreme. There are snow storms and bizzards. It is difficult to walk through the snow. It is still more difficult to climb on ice because it is difficult to keep foothold and cut steps with axes in order to make progress. The cold is so severe that the climber’s skin, feet, toes, fingers and tissues freeze, become numb and they may suffer frostbite. The most serious difficult is the climber at a high altitude gets exhausted with a little effort.

3. Mountain climbling requires proper training, skill and knowledge. The climbers must be well- equipped. They must be in good physical condition and should possess courage, perseverance and power of endurance. They should carry with them maps, compasses and other equipment so that they are able to find out where they are in the absence of any tracks. They must travel through dense woods as they approach a mountain and then climb steep rocks. Near the summit of a peak, the climbers have to move over snow fields and glaciers. In dangerous areas they use ropes to tie themselves in groups.

4. The climbers carry with them packs loaded with first-aid supplies, food and extra clothing for sudden changes of weather. They display spirit of sportsmanship and fellow-feeling and face the severe risks of life undaunted. Mountain climbing is a common sport in Europe. There are mountaineering clubs where training in mountaineering is imparted.

5. There are high peaks in India and there have been successful expeditions to scale these highest peaks. After the conquest of the Everest by Tensing and Hillary in 1953, the Mountaineering Institute ar Darjeeling was established to develop interest in mountain- climbling among the Indians. Expeditions have been sent to climb the highest peaks in the country.

6. Mountain climbing is a thrilling adventure. It brings into play the heroic qualities of humankind. Mountaineers deserve all praise for their courage and heroism. In recent years. Mt. Everest has been scaled several times by foreign climbers. India too has organized several expeditions to Everest. Lately an Indian Sherpa scaled the Everest without the use of oxygen. Mrs. Bachchendri pal also succeeded in scaling the Everest. She is the first Indian woman to do it.

L. Based on your reading answer the following questions in a sentence or two.

1. Is mountaineering a dangerous sport? Why? (para 1)
2. What is frostbite? (para 2) .
3. What are the qualities of a good climber? (para 3)
4. What do climbers carry with them? (para 4)
5. Where is the Mountaineering Institute situated in India? (para 5)
6. What qualities of humankind are brought out by this adventurous sport? (para 6)
7. Why do mountaineers deserve praise? (para 6)
8. What kind of visitors does Mt. Everest get (para 6)

Grammar:

A. Identify the dependent clauses or phrases in the following sentences and underline them.

1. Texting on his phone, the man swerved into a ditch.
2. It isn’t necessary to cram all night if you have studied a little each day.
3. We climbed up the hill to enjoy the view.
4. I enjoy painting during my holidays.
5. Whether he attends the party or not, I have decided to go.
6. I will stop playing the drums when you go to sleep.

Answers:

1. Texting on his phone
2. if you have studied a little each day
3. to enjoy the view
4. during my holidays
5. when you go to sleep

B. Complete the following sentences using appropriate prepositional phrases.

1. I would like to order coffee …………….. tea.
(a) instead of
(b) instead from
(c) instead to
Answer:
(a) instead of

2. …………….. the rains, we went out.
(a) In spite of
(b) In spite
(c) In spite on
Answer:
(a) In spite of

3 fire, break the glass to escape.
(a) In case of
(b) In case
(c) In case with
Answer:
(a) In case of

4. I am standing here my friends.
(a) In behalf of
(b) on behalf of
(c) on behalf
Answer:
(b) on behalf of

5. We solved the problem a new device developed by our engineers.
(a) by means of
(b) by means
(c) by means to
Answer:
(a) by means of

6 we are impressed with their performance.
(a) In general
(b) On general
(c) In generally
Answer:
(a) In general

C. Look at the action words in bold. Identify whether they are either finite or non-finite verb.

Answers:

1. non finite
2. finite
3. finite
4. finite
5. finite
6. finite

D. Read the following pairs of sentences:

1. Travelling might satisfy your desire for new experiences.
The study abroad program might satisfy your desire for new experiences.
Identify the subject in the first sentence …………………..
Answer:
Travelling

2. They do not appreciate my singing.
They do not appreciate my assistance.
Identify the direct object in the first sentence ………………..
Answer:
my singing

3. My cat’s favourite activity is sleeping.
My cat’s favourite food is salmon.
Identify the subject complement in the first sentence …………………
Answer:
sleeping

4. The police arrested him for speeding.
The police arrested him for criminal activity.
Identify the object of the preposition in the first sentence ……………..
Answer:
speeding

E. You may role-play the conversation.

Teacher:This is Mr. Gerund, you may have seen him after these verbs ‘enjoy’, ‘finish’, ‘keep’, ‘mind’, ‘suggest’, forgive, ‘excuse’, ‘postpone’, ‘go’
Gerund: I come after a preposition too.
Teacher: Mr. Gerund comes in handy to describe a real action.
Infinittive: Hello friends, I am Infinitive. Words such as ‘like’, ‘refuse’ are followed by me.
Dinesh: I know you. I take your help to describe a general or future action.
(I think I need to get up early tomorrow to complete my grammer exercise.)
Divya: you have helped me to express ‘reason’, ‘intention’, ‘purpose’.
(I wish to finish my assigment by to night.)
Gerund: Do you know, after verbs like ‘begin’, ‘love’, ‘continue’, ‘try’, Team’, ‘start’, ‘neglect’ you can use either of us?
Infinitive: But remember we mean different things when used after ‘stop’.
Dinesh: Divya, when we saw Rajesh at the mall, I stopped to talk to him. why didn’t you wait?
Divya: Don’t you know I stopped talking to him?
Gemnd: I am also used after these phrases- ‘It’s no use’, ‘It’s no good’
Dinesh and divya: Thank you, mam. bye Mr. Gemnd and Ms. Infinitive.

F. Now, work in pairs and help Dinesh and Divya complete the exercise given below.

Write the gerund / infinitive form of the verbs in the blanks.

1. The astronauts managed ……………… (complete) their training in record time.
2. They learned how ……………….. (survive) in space without gravity.
3. The best astronaut almost quit …………….. (try) to leam the complex information.
4. Their mission appeared ……………….. (be) in jeopardy.
5. Then Marina encouraged him by saying, “It’s no good ………………….(quit) the project right at the end.”
6. Being an astronaut will enable you …………….. (achieve) great success in life.
7. If you give up ………………….. (study) now, our mission will be scrubbed.
8. Think of your fellow astronauts who wouldn’t hesitate …………….. (help) youin time of treble.
9. We astronauts must keep on ………………. (prepare) for our space launch.
10. some say it’s no use …………………… (travel) to distant planets, because it takes too long.
11. But we really want ………………….. (visit) other planets and find out if life exists on them.
12. Can you imagine ………………. (walk) up to a Martian and shaking hands and ………………… (say), “Hello, how are you?”
13. We really look forward ………………….. (meet) alien creatures and ………………… (find) out what they are really like.
14. Many scientists have warned us not ……………… (take) this dangerous journey, but we are not discouraged.
15. Travelling to far away planets involves …………………… (risk) our lives for the thrill of discovery.
16. However we won’t delay blast off into space.
17. Would you like ………………… (accompany) us on our journey if you could?
18. During our training we have got used to ……………….. (be) weightless and ……………………. (live) under difficult conditions.
19. Scientists admit to ……………………… (be) intensely curious about life on other planets.
20. I’m sure they would also enjoy ……………….. (travel) with our crew.
21. We told them …………………… (come) with us on our trip, but some of them think it is a waste of time ……………… (search) for life that doesn’t exist.
22. We have been taught how ……………… (endure) hardships during our training and now we can’t afford ………………….(waste) money. We’re on our way!

Answers:

1. to complete
2. to survive
3. trying
4. to be
5. quitting
6. to achieve
7. studying
8. to help
9. preparing
10. travelling
11. to visit
12. walking, saying
13. to meet, finding
14. to take
15. risking
16. blasting
17. to accompany
18. being, living
19. being
20. travelling
21. to come, searching
22. to endure, to waste

Old Man River Summary:

In this drama, the author pictures life in times of crisis. Its purpose is to highlight the central idea of security. Though in fear and confusion, the characters deal bravely with flood. The scene opens on a late afternoon in March. A group of children find themselves alone at home during heavy rains. The bridges seem to be under water. Amy gets a call from her mother that she wouldn’t be able to return home since the routes are flooded. Amy’s father is in Chicago. Amy’s friend Rose is asked to stay back for the night. The children soon realise that the river is swelling.

They advise each other to be calm and brave. They arrange food, water, flashlights and other necessary things. Each one of them takes responsibility for cooking, safety, etc. Amy tries to save her parents’ valuable articles. In the night, a rescue boat arrives. Rose’s sister Sara gets hurt by chance. The rescue team takes Sara to the emergency Red Cross Hospital. The play focuses on the importance of acting during a crisis and first-aid awareness. We can take a lesson from the children how they help one another and stay calm till help arrives.

Old Man River Glossary:

cloudburst – a sudden violent rainstorm.
gasp – catch one’s breath with an open mouth, owing to pain or astonishment.
hark – listen, pay attention.
lantern – a lamp with a transparent case protecting the flame or electric bulb, and typically having a handle by which it may be carried or hung.
pickaback – a piggyback ride, on the back and shoulders of another person.
pitcher – a large jug.
shudder – shiver typically as a result of fear or revulsion.
splint – a long flat object used as a support for a broken bone so that the bone stays in a particular position while it heals.
stamping – bring down (one’s foot) heavily on the ground.
thumping – hitting or striking heavily, especially with fist or a blunt instrument.
wink – close and open one eye quickly, shine or flash intermittently.

You can Download The River Poem Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 9th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf Poem Chapter 5 help you to revise complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 9th English Solutions Poem Chapter 5 The River

The River Poem Questions and Answers

The River Warm Up:

The River Poem Questions And Answers Question 1.
Have you ever been to a river?
Answer:
Yes, I have been to a river.

The River Poem Summary Question 2.
Describe the beauty of the river you have seen?
Answer:
The river I have seen is shallow and the water is clear. It is a natural stream of water meandering. It looks beautiful.

The River Poem 9th Class Question 3.
Do you think rivers have life like human beings?
Answer:
Yes, I think rivers have life like human beings.

The River 9th Class Poem Questions and Answers

B. Read the following lines and answer the River Poem 9th Standard questions given below.

1. O’re the yellow pebbles dancing,
Through the flowers and foliage glancing.

The River 9th Class Poem Questions And Answers Question (а).
How does the river flow?
Answer:
The river flows over the yellow pebbles dancing through the flowers and leaves in a playful manner.

The River Poem Question (b).
What is meant by ‘foliage’?
Answer:
Foliage is a cluster of leaves, flowers and branches.

Additional:

The River Poem Figure Of Speech Question (a).
What is a pebble?
Answer:
A Pebble is usually a small rounded stone found in water bodies like river.

River Poem By Caroline Ann Bowles Question (b).
What is the poetic device employed in the first line.
Answer:
Imagery is the poetic device employed in the first line.

9th Class The River Poem Summary Question (c).
What is the poetic device employed in the second line.
Answer:
Alliteration is the poetic device employed in the second line.

The River Poem Summary By Caroline Ann Bowles Question (d).
Give the rhyming word for ‘dancing’.
Answer:
The rhyming word for ‘dancing’ is glancing.

A River Poem Questions And Answers Question (e).
Is the river like a child? Why?
Answer:
Yes the river is like a child. The river like a child is bright and sparkling on its way. It dances and plays behind flowers and leaves of trees like a child playing hide and seek.

2. River, river! Swelling river!
On you rush through rough and smooth;

9th English River Poem Question (a).
Why does the poet mention the river to be swelling?
Answer:
The poet mentions the river to be swelling because the river is like a reckless youth.

River Poem 9th Class Question (b).
What are the surfaces the river flows through?
Answer:
The surfaces the river flows through are the rough rocks and smooth places like rose banks where the roses grow.

Additional:

The River Poem Explanation Question (a).
What does the word ‘swelling’ indicate?
Answer:
The word ‘swelling’ indicates the ebb and flow of the river.

The River Poem By Caroline Ann Bowles Question (b).
Which word is the antonym for ‘rough’?
Answer:
The antonym for the word rough is smooth.

3. Over rocks, by rose-banks, sweeping Like impetuous youth.

9th English Poem The River Question (a).
Where does the rose grow?
Answer:
The rose grows by rose-banks

9th English The River Poem Question (b).
Which stage of man is compared here?
Answer:
The period of youth is compared here.

Additional:

The River Questions And Answers Question (a).
Where does it spend its y lounger days?
Answer:
It spends younger days through rocks and woods.

Question (b).
What is sweeping?
Answer:
The river is sweeping.

Question (c).
Identify the figure of speech.
Answer:
Simile is the figure of speech.

Question (d).
What is meant by ‘impetuous’?
Answer:
‘Impetuous’ means reckless or hasty.

Question (e).
Why is the river compared to an ‘impetuous youth’?
Answer:
The river is compared to an impetuous youth because of its reckless and hasty movements over rocks and rose-banks.

4. Broad and deep, and still as time;
Seeming still, yet still in motion,

Question (a).
What is broad and deep?
Answer:
The river is broad and deep.

Question (b).
Is the time still?
Answer:
No the time is not still, yet it seems to be still.

Additional:
(a) Which words describe the river?
Answer:
Broad, deep and still describe the river.

Question (b).
What is the figure of speech in the second line?
Answer:
The figure of speech is alliteration.

Question (c).
Explain ‘still in motion’.
Answer:
Though the river seems to be quiet and motionless, it is always in motion.

5. Tending onward to the ocean,
Just like mortal prime.

(a) Where is the river flowing to?
Answer:
The river is flowing to the ocean.

Question (b).
What does the poet mean by ‘ mortal Prime’?
Answer:
By the term ‘Mortal prime’, the poet means the man is in the best age of his life.

Additional:

Question (a).
Explain ‘Tending’.
Answer:
‘Tending’ here means inclining towards a habitual action.

Question (b).
What is the figure of speech employed here?
Answer:
The figure of speech is simile.

The River Poem 9th Class  Additional Questions

1. River, river, little river!
Bright you sparkle on your way;

Question (i).
What is a river?
Answer:
A river is a small little stream.

Question (ii).
Where is the river born?
Answer:
The river is born in the mountains.

Question (iii).
Why is it called ‘little river’?
Answer:
It is called a Tittle river’ because of its size.

Question (iv).
Give the example for epithet in the above lines.
Answer:
Tittle river’ is the example for epithet in the above lines.

2. Louder, faster, brawling, leaping,

Question (i).
What is meant by ‘brawling’?
Answer:
‘Brawling’ is a noisy quarrel.

Question (ii).
What is louder and faster?
Answer:
The river’s movement is louder and faster.

3. River, river! Headlong river!
Down you dash into the sea,

Question (i).
Why is the river said to be ‘headlong’?
Answer:
The river is said to be ‘headlong’ because of its reckless movement.

Question (ii).
Pick out the alliterated words.
Answer:
The alliterated words are ‘down’ and ‘dash’.

Question (iii).
Where does the headlong river rush to?
Answer:
The headlong river rush towards the sea.

4. Sea that line hath never sounded,
Sea that sail hath never rounded,
Like eternity.

Question (i).
What is the figure of speech in the above lines?
Answer:
Anaphora is the figure of speech in the above lines.

Question (ii).
Pick out the rhyming words.
Answer:
The rhyming words are sounded and rounded

Question (iii).
What is the figure of speech in the second line?
Answer:
The figure of speech is alliteration.

Question (iv).
Explain ‘hath never rounded’.
Answer:
No ship has completely gone around the sea to be compared to eternity.

Question (v).
What is meant by ‘hath’?
Answer:
‘hath’ is the old English word for ‘has’.

Question (vi).
What do the river and the sea remind the poet of?
Answer:
The river is like the transient human life. The sea reminds the poet of eternity.

Question (vii).
How does the sea remind you of eternity?
Answer:
Sea is endless and hence it cannot be measured. We do not know where it begins from and where it would end. Hence it reminds me of eternity.

Question (viii).
What happens to the river when it approaches the ocean?
Answer:
It seems wider and seems even slower when it approaches the ocean.

Question (iv).
When does a river grow and vanish?
Answer:
As it approaches to the ocean the river grows and then vanishes into the ocean.

C. Read the following lines and answer the questions.

1. Bright you sparkle on your way;
O’er the yellow pebbles dancing,
Through the flowers and foliage glancing,
Like a child at play.
Pick out the rhyming words.
Answer:
Dancing and glancing; way and play are the rhyming words.

2. Mention the rhyme scheme of the poem.
The rhyme scheme of the poem is a b c c b.
River, river, little river! a
Bright you sparkle on your way; b
O’er the yellow pebbles dancing, c
Through the flowers and foliage glancing, c
Like a child at play. b

River, river! swelling river! a
On you rush through rough and smooth; b
Louder, faster, brawling, leaping, c
Over rocks, by rose-banks, sweeping c
Like impetuous youth. b

River, river! Brimming river! a
Broad and deep, and still as time; b
Seeming still, yet still in motion, c
Tending onward to the ocean, c
Just like mortal prime. b

River, river! Headlong river! a
Down you dash into the sea, b
Sea that line hath never sounded, c
Sea that sail hath never rounded, c
Like eternity. b

3. Through the flowers and foliage glancing,
Like a child at play.
Mention the figure of speech used in the above lines. Give various other examples from the poem.
Alliteration is the figure of speech used in the above line.
Various other examples from the poem are:-

1. On you rush through rough and smooth
2. Over rocks, by rose-banks
3. Seeming still, yet still in motion
4. Tending onward to the ocean
5. Down you dash into the sea
6. Sea that line hath never sounded
7. Sea that sail hath never rounded

4. Seeming still, yet still in motion
(a) Pick out the words in alliteration from the above line.
Seeming still

(b) Identify other examples from the poem for alliteraion.
Other examples from the poem are:-

1. On you rush through rough and smooth
2. Over rocks, by rose-banks
3. Seeming still, yet still in motion
4. Tending onward to the ocean
5. Down you dash into the sea
6. Sea that line hath never sounded
7. Sea that sail hath never rounded

5. Pick out the examples for epithet from the poem.

Little river!
Swelling river!
Brimming river!
Headlong river!

6. Pick out the examples for imagery from the poem.

Yellow pebbles
dancing Brawling, leaping
dash into the sea

D. Answer the following in a paragraph of about 120-150 words.

1. How does the poet bring about the comparison of life with the river? Explain it with reference to the poem.
Answer:
‘The River’ is a poem describing the beauty of a river, in all its glory. Caroline Ann Bowles says that the river is a dynamic and vital symbol of nature. The poem has philosophical undertones also. The flow of the river shows the journey of life to eternity. The different stages of life are brought in through the imagery used in the poem. Initially the river is compared to the yellow pebbles dancing.

This indicates the childhood. The river then rushes through rough and smooth paths, brawling and leaping referring to the stage of a reckless youth. When the river ebbs and flows, appearing to be broad and deep, inclining towards the ocean, one can see the prime phase of a human being. The flow of the river shows the journey of life to eternity.

As the human life passes through childhood, youth, old age and eternity, likewise the river also undergoes changes in its course of action. The gentle, sparkling dancing river, faster, brawling, leaping river, its stillness and the merging with the sea towards the end of the poem, indicate the different stages of river like the stages of human life.

2. Describe how the poem clearly describes about the features, functions and destructive power of the river.
Answer:
The River is little. It is sprightly and it sparkles on its way. It dances over the yellow pebbles and plays hide and seek through the flowers and foliage. This poem describes the beauty of a river, in all its glory.

The river swells and rushes through rough and smooth paths. It moves with speed and fights and jumps over rocks and rose banks as they sweep across like the reckless youth. When the river brims, it appears broad and deep yet still as time. It seems to be still but it is always in motion. The final stage is the headlong river that dashes into the sea. Thus, the flow of the river shows the journey of life to eternity.

The different stages of life are brought in through the various imageries used in the poem. As the human life passes through childhood, youth, old age and eternity, likewise the river also undergoes changes in its own way. At first it is gentle, sparkling and dancing, moves faster, fights and leaps showing the destructive power of the river. However it gets subdued, becomes still and merges with the sea.

E. Based on your understanding of the poem, complete the summary of the poem by choosing the words/phrases given below.
prime phase, the yellow pebbles, motionless, stages of human life, sweeping, child, journey, reckless youth.

In the poem ‘The River’, the poet compares the flow of the river with different (1) ……………………… The first stanza explains how the sparkling river goes dancing over (2) …………………… and glancing through the flowers and leaves. These acts of the river is compared to a curious and innocent (3) …………………. at play. The second stanza compares the river to a (4) ……………………. who goes through rough and smooth patches of life. Like a youth, here the river becomes louder, faster and (5) ……………………. everything all along the way. In the third stanza, the river becomes like a hard working man who is at the (6) …………………… of the life. Here the deep and broad river seems (7) ………………… but it keeps moving towards the sea like a matured man who silently marches towards the goal. In the last stanza the long (8) ……………………. of the river reaches the endless sea like a human life attains eternity.
Answers:

1. stages of human life
2. the yellow pebbles
3. child
4. reckless youth
5. sweeping
6. prime phase
7. motionless
8. journey

The River by About Caroline Ann Bowles The Poet:

Caroline Ann Bowles (1786-1854), the British poet and writer was married to Robert Southey who was the poet laureate of Britain. She wrote various other works including Chapter On Churchyard and Tales Of The Factories. The River is a poem which describes a river in all its vitality and splendour.

The Little River Poem Summary By Caroline Ann Bowles

Oh! Little River – you sparkle bright as you move along your way. As you move on, you go dancing over the yellow pebbles. You glance through the flowers and leaves of trees, dancing throughout like a child who is at play.
Oh! river that ebbs and flows – you rush through rough and smooth pathways. You are louder, faster, clashing and hurdling. You go past rough rocks and banks where roses grow. This movement of yours is very similar to a hasty youth.
Oh! River, which is overflowing – you are broad and deep and silent as time. Though you seem motionless, you are inclining towards the ocean just like a man a man in the best age of his lifespan.
Oh! River, you are so reckless and you rush down into the sea. That sea’s depth has never been measured by a weighted line. None has gone by the ship completely around the sea to-be compared to eternity.

The River Glossary:

Textual:
eternity – life continuing without end after death foliage – a cluster of leaves, flowers and branches
glancing – touching or hitting something lightly from the side, without causing much damage
hath – in the past, the third person singular form of the word ‘have’
headlong – with the head first and the rest of the body following
impetuous – acting quickly and without thought or care
rose-banks – riverbanks where roses (flowers) appear along
swelling – becoming greater in intensity or volume
tending – going in a particular way

You can Download Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Book Solutions Guide Pdf, Tamilnadu State Board help you to revise the complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Solutions Chapter 18 Organization of Tissues

Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Organization of Tissues Textbook Exercises

I. Choose the correct answer.

Chapter 18 Organization Of Tissues Question 1.
The tissue composed of a living thin-walled polyhedral cell is …………………
(a) Parenchyma
(b) Collenchyma
(c) Sclerenchyma
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(a) Parenchyma

Organisation Of Tissues Class 9 Question 2.
The fibers consists of ……………………
(a) Parenchyma
(b) Sclerenchyma
(c) Collenchyma
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(b) Sclerenchyma

9th Science Organisation Of Tissues Question 3.
Companion cells are closely associated with ……………………..
(a) sieve elements
(b) vessel elements
(c) trichomes
(d) guard cells
Answer:
(a) sieve elements

Organisation Of Tissues Question 4.
Which of the following is a complex tissue?
(a) parenchyma
(b) collenchyma
(c) xylem
(d) Sclerenchyma
Answer:
(c) xylem

Organization Of Tissues Question 5.
Aerenchyma is found in ………………………
(a) epiphytes
(b) hydrophytes
(c) halophytes
(d) Xerophytes
Answer:
(b) hydrophytes

Organisation Of Tissues 9th Standard Question 6.
Smooth muscles occur in ……………………..
(a) uterus
(b) artery
(c) vein
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(a) uterus

Organisation Of Tissue Question 7.
Nerve cell does not contain ………………………
(a) axon
(b) nerve endings
(c) tendons
(d) dendrites
Answer:
(c) Tendons

II. Match the Following:

S. No.	Column A	S. No.	Column B
1.	Sclereids	a	Chlorenchyma
2.	Chloroplast	b	Sclerenchyma
3.	Simple tissue	c	Collenchyma
4.	Companion cell	d	Xylem
5.	Tracheids	e	Phloem

Answer:

1. b. Sclerenchyma
2. a. Chlorenchyma
3. c. Collenchyma
4. e. Phloem
5. d. Xylem

III. Fill in the blanks.

1. …………… tissues provides mechanical support to organs.
2. Parenchyma, collenchyma, Sclerenchyma are …………….. type of tissue.
3. ……….. and …………. are complex tissues.
4. Epithelial cells with cilia are found in …………….. of our body.
5. Lining of small intestine is made up of ………………

Answer:

1. Permanent
2. simple
3. xylem, phloem
4. trachea of wind-pipe
5. columnar epithelium

IV. State whether True or false. If false, write the correct statement

1. Epithelial tissue is protective tissue in animal body – True
2. Bone and cartilage are two types of areolar connective tissue – False
   Correct statement: Bone and cartilage are two types of supportive connective tissue.
3. Parenchyma is a simple tissue – True
4. Phloem is made up of Tracheids – False
   Correct Statement: Phloem is a complex tissue and constitutes: Sieve elements, Companion cells,
5. Companion cells and Phloem parenchyma.
6. Vessels are found in collenchyma – False
   Correct Statement: Vessels are found in xylem.

V. Answer briefly:

Tissues Class 9 Pdf Question 1.
What are intercalary meristems? How do they differ from other meristems?
Answer:
Intercalary meristem lies between the region of permanent tissues and is part of primary meristem which is detached due to formation of intermittent permanent tissues. It is found either at the base of leaf e.g. Pinus or at the base of intemodes e.g. grasses.

Transverse Tubules Question 2.
What is complex tissue? Name the various kinds of complex tissues.
Answer:
Complex tissues are made of more than one type of cells that work together as a unit. Complex tissues consist of parenchyma and sclerenchyma cells. Common examples are xylem and phloem.

Phloem Definition Biology Question 3.
Mention the most abundant muscular tissue found in our body. State its function.
Answer:
Connective tissue is the most abundant and widely distributed tissue. It provides structural framework and gives support to different tissues forming organs.

Question 4.
What is skeletal connective tissue? How is it helpful in the functioning of our body?
Answer:
The supporting or skeletal connective tissues form the endoskeleton of the vertebrate body. They support the body, protect various organs and help in locomotion. This system is composed of connective tissues including bone, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments.

Question 5.
Why should gametes be produced by meiosis during sexual reproduction?
Answer:
Meiosis is important as it produces gametes i.e., male or female germ cells. During meiosis a germ cell or gamete divides to make four new sex cells. As a result of fertilization two gamates join together to form an egg or zygote. Therefore only if gametes are produced, fertilization can take place

Question 6.
In which stage of mitosis the chromosomes align in an equatorial plate? How?+
Answer:
The chromosomes align in an equatorial plate during metaphase stage of mitosis. Each chromosome gets attached to a spindle fibre by its centromere which is known as the chromosomal fibre. During metaphase the sister chromatids are pulled back and forth until they align along the equator of the cell called equatorial plane.

VI. Answer in detail.

Question 1.
What are the permanent tissues? Describe the different types of simple permanent tissue.
Answer:
Permanent tissues are those in which, growth has stopped either completely or for the time being. At times, they become meristematic partially or wholly. Permanent tissues are of two types namely

1. simple tissue and
2. complex tissue.

Simple Tissues:
Simple tissue are homogeneous-composed of structurally and functionally similar cells eg., Parenchyma, Collenchyma, and Sclerenchyma.
(i) Parenchyma

Parenchyma are simple permanent tissue composed of living cells. Parenchyma cells are thin-walled, oval, rounded or polygonal in shape with well-developed spaces among them. In aquatic plants. Parenchyma possesses intercellular air spaces and is named as Aerenchyma. When exposed to light, parenchyma cells may develop chloroplasts and are known as Chlorenchyma.
Functions: Parenchyma may store water in many succulent and xerophytic plants. It also serves the functions of storage of food reserves, absorption, buoyancy, secretion etc.

(ii) Collenchyma

Collenchyma is a living tissue found beneath the epidermis.
Cells are elongated with unevenly thickened non-lignified walls.
Cells have rectangular oblique or tapering ends and persistent protoplasts. They possess thick primary non-lignified walls.
Functions: They provide mechanical support for growing organs.

(iii) Sclerenchyma

Sclerenchyma consists of thick-walled cells which are often lignified. Sclerenchyma cells do not possess living protoplasts at maturity.
Sclerenchyma cells are grouped into

1. fibres and
2. Sclereids.

• Fibres are elongated sclerenchymatous cells, usually with pointed ends. Their walls are lignified. Fibres are abundantly found in many plants. The average length of fibres is 1 to 3 mm, however in plants like Linum usitatissimum (flax), Cannabis sativa (hemp) and Corchorus capsularis (jute), fibres are extensively longer ranging from 20 mm to 550 mm.
• Sclereids are widely distributed in plant body. They are usually broad, may occur in single or in groups. Sclereids are isodiametric, with liginified walls. Pits are prominent and seen along the walls. Lumen is filled with wall materials. Sclereids are also common in fruits and seeds.

Question 2.
Write about the elements of Xylem.
Answer:
Xylem is a conducting tissue which conducts water, mineral nutrients upward from root to leaves. Xylem is also meant for mechanical support to the plant body. Xylem is composed of different kinds of elements. They are

1. xylem tracheids
2. xylem fibres
3. xylem vessels and
4. xylem parenchyma.

(i) Xylem tracheids: They are elongated or tube-like dead cells with hard, thick and lignified walls. Their ends are tapering, blunt or chisel-like. These cells are devoid of protoplast. They have large lumen without any content. Their function is conduction of water and providing mechanical support to the plant.

(ii) Xylem fibers: These cells are elongated, lignified and pointed at both the ends. Xylem fibres help in conduction of water and nutrients from root to the leaf and also provide mechanical support to the plant.

(iii) Xylem vessels: They are long cylindrical, tube like structures with lignified walls and wide central lumen. These cells are dead as these do not have protoplast. They are arranged in longitudinal series in which the partitioned walls (transverse walls) are perforated, and so the entire structure looks-like a water pipe. Their main function is transport of water and minerals from root to leaf, and also to provide mechanical strength.

(iv) Xylem parenchyma: Its cells are living and thin walled. The main function of xylem parenchyma is to store starch and fatty substances.

Question 3.
List out the differences between mitosis and meiosis.
Answer:

Mitosis	Meiosis
Occurs in somatic cells	Occurs in reproductive cells
Involved in growth and occurs continuously throughout life	Involved in gamete formation only during the reproductively active age
Consists of a single division	Consists of two divisions
Two diploid daughter cells are formed	Four haploid daughter cells are formed
The chromosome number in the daughter cell is similar to the parent cell (2n)	The chromosome number in the daughter cell is just half (n) of the parent cell
Identical daughter cells are formed	Daughter cells are not similar to the parent cell and are randomly assorted

VII. Higher Order Thinking Skills.

Question 1.
What is the consequence that occur if all blood platelets are removed from the blood?
Answer:
If platelets are absent, this important defense reaction cannot occur, and protracted bleeding from small wounds (prolonged bleeding time) results.

Question 2.
Which are not true cells in the blood? Why?
Answer:
Platelets are actually not true cells but merely circulating fragments of cells. But even though platelets are merely cell fragments, they contain many structures that are critical to stop bleeding. They contain proteins on their surface that allow then! to stick to breaks in the blood vessel wall and also to stick to each other. They contain granules that can secrete other proteins required for creating a firm plug to seal blood vessel breaks.

Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Organization of Tissues Additional Questions

I. Short answers questions.

Question 1.
Name the elements present in phloem.
Answer:
Phloem like xylem is a complex tissue and consists of the following elements.

1. Sieve elements
2. Companion cells.
3. Phloem fibres
4. Phloem parenchyma

Question 2.
What is histology?
Answer:
The study of tissues is known as histology.

Question 3.
Describe amitosis.
Answer:
It is the simplest mode of cell division and occurs in unicellular animals, aging cells and in foetal membranes. During amitosis, nucleus elongates first, and a constriction appears in it which deepens and divides the nucleus into two, followed by this cytoplasm divides resulting in the formation of two daughter cells.

Question 4.
Give reasons why the meristematic cells have a large nucleus and dense cytoplasm.
Answer:
Meristematic cells are continuously dividing cells so they have a prominent nucleus and dense cytoplasm. But since these cells do not store food or waste material, they lack vacuole.

II. Long answers questions.

Question 1.
Give notes on:

1. squamous epithelium,
2. cuboidal epithelium,
3. columnar epithelium,
4. ciliated epithelium and
5. glandular epithelium.

Answer:

1. Squamous Epithelium is made up of thin, flat cells with prominent nuclei. It forms delicate lining of the buccal cavity, alveoli of lungs, proximal tubule of kidneys, blood vessels and covering of the skin and tongue. It protects the body from mechanical injury, drying and invasion of germs. It also helps in filtration by forming a selectively permeable membrane surface.
2. Cuboidal Epithelium is composed of single layer of cubical cells. The nucleus is round and lies in the centre. This tissue is present in the thyroid vesicles, salivary glands, sweat glands and exocrine pancreas. It is also found in the intestine and tubular part of the nephron (kidney tubules) as microvilli that increase the absorptive surface area. Their main function is secretion and absorption.
3. Columnar Epithelium is composed of a single layer of slender, elongated and pillar like cells. Their nuclei are located at the base. It is found lining the stomach, gall bladder, bile duct, small intestine, colon, oviducts and also forms the mucous membrane. They are mainly involved in secretion and absorption.
4. Ciliated Epithelium Certain columnar cells bear numerous delicate hair-like outgrowths called cilia and are called ciliated epithelium. Their function is to move particles or mucus in a specific direction over the epithelium. It is seen in the trachea of wind-pipe, bronchioles of the respiratory tract, kidney tubules and fallopian tubes of oviducts.
5. Glandular Epithelium Epithelial cells are often modified to form specialized gland cells that secrete chemical substances at the epithelial surface. Sometimes a portion of the epithelial tissue folds inward to form a multicellular gland, which lines the gastric glands, pancreatic tubules and intestinal glands.

Question 2.
Write a note on the nervous tissue using a diagram.
Answer:

Nervous tissue comprises of the nerve cells or neurons. They are the longest cells of the body. Neurons are the structural and functional units of the nervous tissue. The elongated and slender processes of the neurons are the nerve fibres. Each neuron consists of a cell body or cyton with nucleus and cytoplasm. The dendrons are short and highly branched protoplasmic processes of cyton. The axon is a single, long fibre like process that develops from the cyton and end up with fine terminal branches. They have the ability to receive stimuli from within or outside the body and send signals to different parts of the body. Many nerve fibres are bound together by the connective tissue.

Question 3.
Describe fluid connective tissue.
Answer:
The blood and the lymph are the fluid connective tissues which link different parts of the body. The cells of the connective tissue are loosely spaced and are embedded in an intercellular matrix.
(a) Blood: contains corpuscles which are red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leucocytes) and platelets. In this fluid connective tissue, the blood cells move in a fluid matrix called plasma. The plasma contains inorganic salts and organic substances. It is a main circulating fluid that helps in the transport of substances.

1. Red blood corpuscles (Erythrocytes): The red blood corpuscles are oval-shaped, circular, biconcave disc-like and lack nucleus when mature (mammalian RBC). They contain a respiratory pigment called hemoglobin which is involved in the transport of oxygen to tissues.
2. White blood corpuscles (Leucocytes): They are larger in size, contain a distinct nucleus and are colorless. They are capable of amoeboid movement and play an important role in body’s defense mechanism. WBC’s are of two types
   • Granulocytes (with granules in the cytoplasm): have irregular shaped nuclei and cytoplasmic granules. They include neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils.
   • Agranulocytes (without granules in the cytoplasm): lack cytoplasmic granules and include the lymphocytes which have a spherical nucleus and the monocytes which have a large nucleus indented on one side. They engulf or destroy foreign bodies and neutralize their harmful effects.
   • Blood platelets: They are minute, anucleated, fragile fragments of giant bone marrow called megakaryocytes. They play an important role in the blood clotting mechanism.

(b) Lymph: Lymph is a colorless fluid filtered out of the blood capillaries. It consists of plasma and white blood cells. It mainly helps in the exchange of materials between blood and tissue fluids.

Question 4.
Differentiate between the following:

1. Sieve cells and Sieve tubes
2. Sclereids and fibres
3. Tracheids and vessels
4. Sclerenchyma and parenchyma

Answer:
1.

Sieve cells	Sieve tubes
Sieve cells have no companion cells	Sieve tubes always have companion cells
Sieve areas do not form sieve plates	Sieve areas are confined to Sieve plates
Cells are elongated and are unique long with tapering end walls	Cells consist of vertical cells placed one above the other forming long tubes connected at the walls by sieve pores
Sieve pores are smaller and numerous	Sieve pores are larger and fewer in number
Sieve cells are found in pteridophytes and gymnosperms	Sieve tubes are found in angiosperms

2.

Sclereids	Fibre
Usually broad	Elongated narrow thread like
End walls blunt	End walls tapering
Occur singly	Occur in bundles
Deep pit	Narrow pits

3.

Tracheids	Vessels
Formed from single cells	Made up of number of cells
Ends are oblique and taper	Ends are round and transverse
Fraction of a cm in length	Several cms in length
Walls are thick, lumen-narrow	Walls are less thick, lumen- wide

4.

Sclerenchyma	Parenchyma
Cells are thick walled and lignified.	Cells are thin-walled and unspecialised.
Tissues are made up of dead cells.	These are living cells.
No intercellular spaces between the cells are found.	Cells are usually loosely packed with large intercellular space.
Provides strength to the plant parts.	Stores nutrients and water in stem and roots.
The cells are long and narrow, making the plant hard and stiff. The tissue is present in the stem around vascular bundles in the veins of leaves and the hard covering of seeds and nuts.	Some cells contain chlorophyll called chlorechyma and perform photosynthesis. Other cells have larger air cavities called arenchyma which provide buoyancy to the hydrophytic plants.

You can Download Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science Book Solutions Guide Pdf, Tamilnadu State Board help you to revise the complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science History Solutions Term 1 Chapter 1 What is History

Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science What is History Textual Evaluation

I. Choose the correct answer:

Samacheer Kalvi Guru 6th Social Science Question 1.
What was the step taken by the early man to collect his food?
(a) Trade
(b) Hunting
(c) Painting
(d) Rearing of animals
Answer:
(b) Hunting

II. Match the statement with the Reason, tick the appropriate answer:

Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Guide Question 1.
Statement: Pre historic men went along with the dog for hunting.
Reason: Dogs with its sniffing power would find out other animals.
(a) Statement is true, but reason is wrong.
(b) Statement and reason are correct.
(c) Statement is wrong and reason is correct.
(d) Both statements and reasons are wrong.
Answer:
(b) Statement and reason are correct.

Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science Book Back Answers Question 2.
Statement : The objects used by the early man are excavated. They are
preserved to know the lifestyle of the people.
Find out which of the following is related to the statement:
(a) Museum
(b) Burial materials
(c) Stone tools
(d) Bones
Answer:
(a) Museum

Samacheer Kalvi 6th History Book Question 3.
Find out the wrong pair:
(a) Old stone age – (i) Stone tools
(b) Rock paintings – (ii) Walls of the caves
(c) Copper plates – (iii) A source of history
(d) Cats – (iv) First domesticated
Answer:
(d) Cats – (iv) First domesticated

Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Question 4.
Find the odd one:
(a) Paintings were drawn on rocks and caves.
(b) There were paintings depicting hunting scenes.
(c) It was drawn to show his family members about hunting.
(d) The paintings were painted by using many colours.
Answer:
(d) The paintings were painted by using many colours

III. Fill in the blanks :

Social Science 6th Guide Question 1.

1. The Old Stone Age man lived mostly in _______ .
2. _______ is the father of history.
3. _______ was the first animal tamed by Old Stone Age man.
4. Inscriptions are _______ sources.
5. Dharma Chakra has _______ spokes.

Answer:

1. caves
2. Herodotus
3. Dog
4. archaeological
5. 24

IV. State True or False:

Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science Question 1.

1. 1.Stone tools belonging to Old Stone Age have been excavatad at Athtirampakkam near Chennai.
2. 2.The materials used by the ancient people are preserved in the museums by the Archaelogical Department.
3. 3.During the period of Ashoka, Buddhism spread across the country.

Answer:

1. True
2. True
3. True

V. Match the following :

(a) Rock paintings – (i) copper plates
(b) Written records – (ii) the most famous king
(c) Ashoka – (iii) Devaram
(d) Religious Literature – (iv) to understand the life style
Answer:
(a) – iv
(b) – i
(c) – ii
(d) – iii

VI. Answer in one word :

6th Social Guide Question 1.
Can you say any two advantages of writing a diary?
Answer:

1. Diary writing helps to record the events.
2. It reveals the lifestyle of people of that period.

Samacheer Kalvi 6th Standard Social Science Question 2.
How do we know the people’s lifestyle of the Old Stone age?
Answer:
From used stone tools, rock paintings, fossils and other excavated materials.

6th Standard Social Science Guide Pdf Free Download Question 3.
Is inscription a written record?
Answer:
Yes. Inscription is a written record. .

Samacheer Kalvi 6 Social Science Question 4.
What is proto history?
Answer:
Protohistory is the period between prehistory and history.

Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science Guide Question 5.
Name an epic.
Answer:
Ramayana/ Mahabharatha/ Manimegalai

VII. Answer the following :

Samacheer Kalvi Guru 6th Question 1.
What is history?
Answer:

1. History is a record of past events in chronological order.
2. The term History has been derived from the Greek word Istoria which means learning by enquiry.

6th Samacheer Social Guide Question 2.
What do you know about the prehistoric period?
Answer:

1. The period between the use of first stone tools and the invention of writing systems is called the prehistoric period.
2. Stone tools, excavated materials, fossils and rock paintings are the major sources of the pre-historic period.

6th History Guide Question 3.
What are the sources available to know about the pre-historic period?
Answer:
Paintings on the rocks and the walls of the caves, stone tools, excavated materials are the sources available to know about the pre-historic period.

6th Standard Social Science Guide Pdf Question 4.
Mention the places from where we got prehistoric tools?
Answer:

1. Adichanallur
2. Athirampakkam
3. Brahmagiri
4. Hallur
5. Lothal
6. Bimbetka

Samacheer Kalvi Class 6 Social Science Solutions Question 5.
What are the benefits of a museum?
Answer:

1. Museums are community centres designed to inform and teach the public.
2. The educational benefit of a museum is academic learning.
3. Museums are the caretakers of history as much as they offer connections to history.
4. Museums are full of stories, and it is interesting for students to hear these stories.
5. Museums offer opportunities for children to compare and contrast leading to critical thinking skills.
6. Children’s curiosity comes out in the form of questions.
7. Students are exposed to new ideas and concepts.
8. Museums inspire students to wonder, imagine and dream Of possibilities that are beyond what they know.
9. Students are exposed to opportunities that spark creative moments.

6th Standard Social Samacheer Kalvi Question 6.
Name some tools used by early man to hunt animals.
Answer:

1. Weapons made of stones.
2. Bones.
3. Homs of animals.
4. Weapons made of branches of trees.

6th Standard Social Science History Question 7.
Why were paintings drawn on rocks?
Answer:

1. Paintings could have been drawn or rocks to convey their lifestyles to the future generations.
2. They might have wished to record their activities through their paintings.

Samacheer 6th Social Guide Question 8.
Name any two artefacts.
Answer:

1. Toys
2. Ornaments

VIII. HOTS :

Question 1.
How dogs were useful to pre-historic men?
Answer:

1. There might have been chances of wild animals entering their caves.
2. But, they realised that dogs could help them prevent the entry of such dangerous animals.
3. They thought that dog by its sniffing skill would help them in such situations.

Question 2.
Compare the lifestyle of Old Stone age man with present-day lifestyle.
Answer:
Old Stone age man

1. He was a nomad.
2. Took shelter on branches of trees, in holes and caves.
3. Wore dresses made out of leaves, skin of animals and barks of trees.
4. Ate vegetables, fruits and roots which he gathered from jungles.
5. Not civilized.

Present day man:

1. Settled in villages and towns.
2. Lives in well built houses.
3. Wears dresses made out of cotton and other materials.
4. Eats all kinds of food grains.
5. Well civilized.

IX. Student Activity :
Question 1.
Identify the category of the following sources of history.

1. Ums excavated from Adhichanallur
2. Copper plates of Yelvikudi.
3. Mahabharatha.
4. Sanchi Stupa.
5. Pattinappaalai.
6. The earthemwares from Keezhadi.
7. Toys of Indus Civilisation.
8. Big Temple of Thanjavur.

Answer:

1. Artefact (Archaeological)
2. Inscriptions (Archaeological)
3. Religions Literature – Literary sources
4. Monuments (Archaeological)
5. Literary sources Artefact (Archaeological)
6. Artefact (Archaeological)
7. Monuments (Archaeological sources)

X. Life Skill
Question 1.
Make some weapon models used by the Old Stone Age man using clay. Hints:
Answer:

Question 2.
Discuss with your grandpa, grandma, neighbours and teachers and collect information about your street, village, town or school. With that collected data, try to write its history titling your Writing as “I am a Historian”.
Answer:
Am I am living at Mylapore. I have collected information about it from my grandparents, neighbours and teacher and internet. It is given below:
I am a Historian

(i) Mylapore is located a few kilometres to the south of the British-built Chennai city.

(ii) It lies between Tiruvallikkeni and Teynampet in the west then across to the coast in the east.

(iii) The word Mylapore is derived from Mayil Arparikum Oor, which means “Land

(iv) Historically, peacocks have been known to thrive in the area, which is evident from the several statues in the Kapaleeshwarar Temple towers and in the emblem of the San Thome Basilica.

(v) Thirugnanasambandar has also mentioned about mayil (peacock) in his songs in Tevaram.

(vi) Mylapore was historically known as Vedapuri.

(vii) As the available historical and archaeological evidence show, it could well be the oldest part of Chennai, with written records of early settlements going back to the first century BC.

(viii) It was known for its ancient port with a flourishing trade with the Roman Empire, receiving gold in exchange for its products like pepper and fine cloth.

(ix) St. Thomas the Apostle allegedly died at Mylapore in 72 AD.

(x) Ptolemy had recorded in the 2nd century AD that the port of Mylapore was known to the Greeks and the Romans. The Saivite Saints of the 7th Century, Saint Sambandar and Saint Appar, have sung about the Shrine in their hymns.

(xi) Mention has been made of the early settlement of Santhome (currently known),by Arab travelers and merchants of the 9th and 10th centuries AD.

(xii) Marco Polo visited the place in the late 13th century and left a detailed description of the land, the people along with their customs and religion.

(xiii) It was considerable maritime time and the ancient German and Greek maps refer to the town as ‘Maliarpha’.

(xiv) Mylapore was occupied by the Portuguese in 1523. Their rule lasted until 1749, except for a brief interregnum between 1662 and 1687, when the town was occupied by the Dutch.

(xv) After 1749, the British East India Company took possession of the settlement in . the name of Muhammad Ali Khan Wallaj ah, the Nawab of Arcot. In that same year, Mylapore was incorporated into the administration of the Presidency of Madras.

(xvi) In the late 19th and early 20th centuries the town became the commercial and intellectual hub of Madras city and home to British-educated lawyers and statesmen.

XI. Answer Grid

XII. Map work

Question 1.
Mark the following places in the political map of India.
a. Delhi
b. Chennai
c. Tamil Nadu
d. Andhra Pradesh
e. Kerala
f. Karnataka
Answer:

Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science What is History Additional Questions

I. Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
Where did early man live?
(a) mud house
(b) under tree
(c) caves
(d) river banks
Answer:
(c) caves

Question 2.
Who was the first ruler to give up war after victory?
(a) Bimbisara
(b) Raja Raja Chola
(c) Akbar
(d) Ashoka
Answer:
(d) Ashoka

II. Match the statement with the Reason. Tick the appropriate answer:

Question 1.
(a) Statement: Charles Allen wrote a book titled. The search for the India’s Lost Emperor.
Reason: It provided a comprehensive account of Ashoka.
(a) Statement is true, but reason is wrong.
(b) Statement and reason are correct.
(c) Statement is wrong, and reason is correct.
(d) Both statement and reason are wrong.
Answer:
(b) Statement and reason are correct.

(b) Statement: Early man used stone tools.
Reason: He knew only stones as tools.
(a) Statement is true, but reason is wrong.
(b) Statement and reason are correct.
(c) Statement is wrong, and reason is correct.
(d) Both statement and reason are wrong.
Answer:
(b) Statement and reason are correct

Question 2.
Statement: ‘Dhamma’ is the Prakrit word for the Sanskrit term ‘Dharma’
Find out which of the following is related to the statement.
(a) Helping the poor
(b) Obedience to God
(c) Religious duty
(d) Tolerance
Answer:
(c) Religious duty

(b) Statement: Raja Raja Chola built the Big Temple. Find out which of the following is related of the statement
(a) Kumbakonam
(b) Tiruchi
(c) Madurai
(d) Thanjavur
Answer:
(d) Thanjavur

Question 3.
Find out the wrong pair.
(a)
(a) Stone tools – Prehistory
(b) Writing system – History
(c) Epigraphy – Study of inscription
(d) Numismatics – Study of tools

(b)
(a) Dharma – Righteousness
(b) Chakra – 24 spokes
(c) Lion pillar – Sanchi
(d) Ashoka – Buddhism
Answer:
(d) Numismatics – Study of tools

Question 4.
(a) Find the odd one:
(a) History is a record of past events.
(b) In History the past events are given in chronological order.
(c) History is derived from Istoria meaning learning by enquiry.
(d) History is a mere collection of stories.
Answer:
(d) History is a mere collection of stories.

4 (b) Find the odd one:
(a) We have lion pillar in Saranath.
(b) This pillar was built by Ashoka.
(c) There is a Dharmachakra in this pillar.
(d) This Chakra has uncountable spokes.
Answer:
(d) This Chakra has uncountable spokes.

III. Fill in the blanks:

1. In history, BCE stands for _______
2. The first historian of India was _______
3. Fossil remains belongs to _______ sources.
4. The most famous ruler of ancient India was
5. Sanchi is situated in the Raisen district of _______

Answer:

1. Before Common Era
2. Kalhana
3. Archaeological
4. Ashoka
5. Madhya Pradesh

IV. Sate True or False:

1. Pre-historic period people led an advanced style of life.
2. The greatness of Ashoka had been unknown till 20th century.
3. Artifacts form one of the important archaeological sources.
4. Bimbetka is in Andhra Pradesh.

Answer:

1. False
2. True
3. True
4. False

V. Match the followings:

Question 1.

1. History – (i) Learning by enquiry
2. Istoria – (ii) Father of History
3. Edicts – (iii) Record of the past
4. Herodoturs – (iv) Archaeological source

Answer:

1. iii
2. i
3. iv
4. ii

Question 2.

1. BCE – (i) Hunting activities
2. Dogs – (ii) Search for India’s Lost Emperor
3. Allen – (iii) Study of inscription
4. Epigraphy – (iv) Before common Era.

Answer:

1. iv
2. i
3. ii
4. iii

VI. Answer in one word :

Question 1.
What is meant by Numismatics?
Answer:
The study of Coins.

Question 2.
Mention the names of Archaeological sources.
Answer:

1. Inscription
2. Monuments
3. Artefacts
4. Coins.

Question 3.
What do literary sources include?
Answer:

1. Religious literature and
2. Secular literature.

VII. Answer the following :

Question 1.
What is the importance of Sarnath pillar?
Answer:

1. Lion captial of Sarnath has been adopted as the Natural Emblem of the Republic of India.
2. The Ashoka Chakra is a depiction of the Buddhist Darmachakra represented with 24 spokes.

Question 2.
By whom was the material evidence provided revealing the greatness of Emperor Ashoka?
Answer:
The material evidence provided by William Jones, James Princep and Alexander Cunningham revealed the greatness of Emperor Ashoka.

Question 3.
What is meant by artefact?
Answer:
Art fact means an object that is made by a person, such as tool or a decoration, especially one that is of historical interest, on The museum’s collections include artefacts dating back to historic times.

Question 4.
Name any three devotional literature.
Answer:

1. Devaram,
2. Thiuvasagam,
3. Nalayira Divya prabhandam

VIII. HOTS:

Question 1.
Why should we study History?
Answer :

1. History helps us understand changes, and how the society, we live in came to be. j tin The study of history helps us to understand our present.
2. Historical research involves studying, understanding and interpreting past events.
3. Historical data are categorised into primary and secondary sources.
4. Study of history will increase the cultural awareness and moral understanding of the world we live in.

IX. Who am I?

Question 1.
I reveal the lifestyle of the stone age people.
Answer:
Paintings

Question 2.
lam in between the use of forest stone tools and the invention of writing system.
Answer:
Prehistoric period

Question 3.
lam titled as numismatics and serve as one of the archaeological sources.
Answer:
coins

Question 4.
gave protection and helped in hunting activities.
Answer:
dog

Question 5.
People say my service for the cause of public good was exemplary.
Answer:
Ashoka