Category: Class 8

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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 8th Science Solutions Term 1 Chapter 2 Forces and Pressure

Samacheer Kalvi 8th Science Forces and Pressure Text Book Exercises

I. Choose the best answer

Define One Atmosphere Class 8 Question 1.
If we apply a force against the direction of motion of a body, then the body will –
(a) Stop moving
(b) Move with an increased speed
(c) Move with a decreased speed
(d) Move in a different direction
Answer:
(a) stop moving

Force And Pressure Class 8 Book Back Answers Question 2.
Pressure exerted by a liquid is increased by –
(a) The density of the liquid
(b) The height of the liquid column
(c) Both (a) & (b)
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(c) Both (a) & (b)

Force And Pressure Class 8 Samacheer Question 3.
Unit of pressure is –
(a) Pascal
(b) N m^-2
(c) Poise
(d) Both (a) & (b)
Answer:
(d) Both (a) & (b)]

Force And Pressure Class 8 Samacheer Kalvi Question 4.
The value of the atmospheric pressure at sea level is –
(a) 76 cm of mercury column
(b) 760 cm of mercury column
(c) 176 cm of mercury column
(d) 7.6 cm of mercury column
Answer:
(a) 76 cm of mercury column

Samacheer Kalvi Guru 8th Science Question 5.
Pascal’s law is used in –
(a) Hydraulic lift
(b) Brake system
(c) Pressing heavy bundles
(d) All the above
Answer:
(d) All the above

Define One Atmosphere Answer Question 6.
Which of the following liquids has more viscosity?
(a) Grease
(b) Water
(c) Coconut oil
(d) Ghee
Answer:
(a) Grease

8th Standard Science Force And Pressure Question 7.
The unit of viscosity is –
(a) N m²
(b) Poise
(c) kg m s^-1
(d) No unit
Answer:
(b) poise

II. Fill in the blanks

1. The pressure of a liquid column …………….. with the depth of the column.
2. Hydraulic lift works under the principle of ………………
3. The property of …………… of a liquid surface enables the water droplets to move upward in plants. [Ans. surface tension]
4. A simple barometer was first constructed by ……………..

Answer:

1. Increases
2. Pascal’s Law
3. Surface tension
4. Torricelli

III. State whether the following statements are true or false

Samacheer Kalvi Question 1.
Force acting on a given area is called pressure.
Answer:
True

Define Force Class 8 Question 2.
A moving body comes to rest due to friction alone.
Answer:
True

Force And Pressure For Class 8 Question 3.
A body will sink if the weight of the body is greater than the buoyant force.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
One atmosphere is equivalent to 1,00,000 newton force acting on one square metre.
Answer:
True

Question 5.
Rolling friction is slightly greater than the sliding friction.
Answer:
False
Correct statement:
Rolling friction is slightly lesser than the sliding friction.

Question 6.
Friction is the only reason for the loss of energy.
Answer:
True

Question 7.
Liquid pressure decreases with the decrease of depth.
Answer:
True

Question 8.
Using barometers, one can measure the height of a building.
Answer:
False
Correct statement:
Using barometers, one can measure the atmospheric pressure.

Question 9.
Surface tension causes the spherical nature of a water drop.
Answer:
True

Question 10.
Viscosity depends on the pressure of a liquid.
Answer:
True

IV. Arrange the following in the increasing order

Question 1.
Rolling friction, static friction, sliding friction
Answer:
Static friction, Rolling friction, Sliding friction.

Question 2.
Let a marble roll on the following surfaces. Arrange the choice of the material such that a marble moving over it covers a greater distance.
Cotton cloth, glass plate, paper, card board, silver plate
Answer:
Glass plate, silver plate, paper, cotton cloth, card board.

V. Match the following

Question 1.

Answer:

i. e
ii. c
iii. b
iv. a
v. d

Question 2.

Answer:

i. b
ii. d
iii. e
iv. a
v. c

VI. Analogy

Question 1.
Knot in a thread : ______ friction :: ball bearing : friction ______
Answer:
Rolling, Static.

Question 2.
Downward force : weight :: Upward force offered by liquid : ______
Answer:
Buoyant force.

VII. Problems

Question 1.
A stone weighs 500 N. Calculate the pressure exerted by it if it makes a contact with a surface of area 25 cm2.
Answer:
Given : Weight of a stone F = 500 No
Area A = 25 cm² = 25 x 10^-4 m²
To find : Pressure P = ?
Formula :

Solution:
Pressure P = 20 x 10⁴N/m² (or) 20 x 10⁴ Pa

Question 2.
In a hydraulic lift, the surface area of the input piston is 10 cm². The surface area of the output piston is 3000 cm². A 100 N force applied to the input piston raises the output piston. Calculate the force required to raise the output piston.
Answer:
Solution:
Pressure input on piston,

According to Pascal’s law
P =\(\frac { F }{ A}\)
P = \(\frac { F}{ A }\)
10⁵ = \(\frac { F }{ 3000 x 10^-4}\) = \(\frac { F x 10^-4}{ 3000 }\)
l0^-4 x F = 10⁵ x 30OO
F = 3000×10¹
= 3 x 10⁴ N

VIII. Assertion & Reason

Mark the correct choice as :
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) If the assertion is true, but the reason is false.
(d) If the assertion is false, but the reason is true.

Question 1.
Assertion : Sharp knives are used to cut the vegetables.
Reason : Sharp edges exert more pressure.
Answer:
(a) Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion

Question 2.
Assertion : Broad straps are used in bags.
Reason : Broad straps last for long life.
Answer:
(b) Both assertion and reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion
Correct explanation:
The weight of the bags falls on larger area of shoulder. So lesser pressure is produced.

Question 3.
Assertion : Water strider slides easily on the surface of water.
Reason : Water strider experiences less buoyant force.
Answer:
(b) If both assertion and reason are true, but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion
Correct explanation :
It is due to the surface tension of water.

IX. Answer the following in one or two sentences (LOT)

Question 1.
Give two examples to verify that a force changes the shape of a body.
Answer:
Force can change the static condition of a body.

1. If you squeeze a sponge, its shape changes.
2. If you pull a rubber band, it becomes longer.

Question 2.
Give two examples to verify that a force tends to change the static condition of a body.
Answer:
Force can change the static condition of a body.

1. A rest rubber ball begins to move, when a force applied on it.
2. Player applies a force on the stationary football while taking a penalty kick is football match. The force applied by player makes the football move towards the goal.

Question 3.
Taking out paste from a tooth paste tube is an example to highlight which physical property?
Answer:
Pascal’s law.

Question 4.
What do you feel when you touch a nail immediately after it is hammered into a wooden plank? Why?
Answer:
The nail becomes hot due to friction. Friction changes kinetic energy to heat.

Question 5.
How does the friction arise between the surfaces of two bodies in relative motion?
Answer:
The force of friction is arised by the interlocking of the irregularities of the two surfaces.

Question 6.
Name two instruments, which help to measure the pressure of a fluid.
Answer:

1. Manometer
2. Pressure gauge.

Question 7.
Define one atmosphere.
Answer:
The pressure exerted by this mercury column is considered as the pressure of magnitude ‘one atmosphere’ (1 atm).

Question 8.
Why are heavy bags provided with broad straps?
Answer:
Broader straps are provided on a back – pack for giving less pressure on the shoulders by providing a larger area of contact with the shoulder.

Question 9.
How does surface tension help a plant?
Answer:
Water molecules rise up due to surface tension. Xylem tissues are very narrow vessels present in plants. Water molecules are absorbed by the roots and these vessels help the water to rise upward due to “capillarity action” which is caused by the surface tension of water.

Question 10.
Which has greater viscosity, oil or honey? Why?
Answer:
Honey has greater viscosity.
Reason : Thicker liquids are more viscous than thinner liquids. As honey has greater viscosity, more frictional force will be acting on it.

X. Answer the following questions with a few sentences (MOT)

Question 1.
Define friction. Give two examples of the utility of friction in day to day life.
Answer:
Friction : Friction is a force that shows down moving objects or prevents stationary objects from moving.
Examples of the utility of friction in day to day life.

• Cars and buses are able to move safely on the road because of friction between the treaded tyres and the surface of the road.
• We are able to write on paper only with the help of friction between the pencil or pen and paper.

Question 2.
Write down three ways of minimising friction.
Answer:
1. By using lubricants:
These are applied to surfaces to reduce the friction between the surfaces. Example Oil, wax, grease and castor oil.

2. With the help of polishing the surface:
We sprinkle fine powder on the carrom board and then we polish its surface to make smooth so that the striker slides easily on the surface.

3. By using ball bearing:
We use leadshots in bearing of a cycle hub because rolling friction is smaller than sliding friction.

Question 3.
How do sailors protect their ship during a heavy storm?
Answer:
During a heavy storm, sailors pour soap powder or oil into the sea near their ship to decrease the surface tension of sea water. This process reduces the impact of the violent water current against the wall of ship.

Question 4.
Write down three applications of Pascal’s law.
Answer:

1. In an automobile service station, the vehicles are lifted upward using the hydraulic lift, which works as per Pascal’s law.
2. The automobile brake system works according to Pascal’s law.
3. The hydraulic press is used to make the compressed bundles of cotton or cloth so as to occupy less space.

Question 5.
Why is a ball bearing used in a cycle hub?
Answer:
The rolling friction is smaller than sliding friction, sliding is replaced by rolling with the usage of ball bearings. So lead shots are used in the bearing of a cycle hub.

XI. Answer the following questions in detail

Question 1.
“Friction is a necessary evil”- explain.
Answer:
Friction is a necessity in most of our day to day activities. It is desirable in most situations of our daily life.

1. We can hold any object in our hand due to friction.
2. We can walk on the road because of friction. The footwear and the ground help us to walk without slipping.
3. Writing easily with a pen on paper is due to friction.
4. Automobiles can move safely due to friction between the tyres and the road. Brakes can be applied due to frictional resistance on brake shoes.
5. We are able to light a matchstick, sew clothes, tie a knot or fix a nail in the wall because of friction.

Though it is giving a negative effect, in most of our day to day life friction helps us to make our life easy. So, it is called as “necessary evil”.

Disadvantages of friction:

1. Friction wears out the surfaces rubbing with each other, like screws and gears in machines or soles of shoes.
2. To overcome the friction an excess amount of effort has to be given to operate a machine. This leads to wastage of energy.

Question 2.
Give the different types of friction and explain each with an example.
Answer:
Friction can be classified into two basic types:

1. Static friction
2. Kinetic friction.

1. Static friction : The friction experienced by the bodies, which are at rest is called static friction. (E.g : All the objects rigidly placed to be at rest on the Earth, a knot in a thread.

2. Kinetic friction : Friction existing during the motion of bodies is called kinetic friction.

Further, kinetic friction can be classified into two:

• Sliding friction
• Rolling friction.

1. Sliding friction : When a body slides over the surface of another body, the friction acting between the surfaces in contact is called sliding friction.

2. Rolling friction : When a body rolls over another surface, the friction acting between the surfaces in contact is called rolling friction. Rolling friction is less than sliding friction. That is why wheels are provided in vehicles, trolleys, suitcases etc.

Question 3.
Describe an experiment to prove that friction depends on the nature of a surface.
Answer:
To understand about the frictional force between the layers of liquid in motion.
Materials required : Different kinds of liquid (coconut oil, honey, water, ghee), glass plates – 4 nos.
Procedure :

• Take a small quantity of different kinds of liquid like coconut oil, honey, water and ghee etc., in a cup.
• Place one drop of each liquid on a separate glass plate.
• Next, gently raise one end of the glass plate, one by one, so as to allow the liquid to slide down the smooth surface of the plate.
• Observe the speed of each liquid.

Observation:
Each liquid moves with a different speed. Water flows faster than other liquids. Coconut oil flows with a moderate speed. Ghee flows very slowly.

Inference:
Between the layers of each liquid, in motion, there is a frictional force parallel to the layers of the liquid. This frictional force opposes the motion of the liquid layers while they are in motion.

Question 4.
Explain how friction can be minimised.
Answer:
1. Using lubricants:

• A substance, which reduces the frictional force, is called a lubricant. Example: Grease, coconut oil, graphite, castor oil, etc.
• The lubricants fill up the gaps in the irregular surfaces between the bodies in contact. This provides a smooth layer thus preventing a direct contact between their rough surfaces.

2. Using ball bearing:
Since, the rolling friction is smaller than sliding friction, sliding is replaced by rolling with the usage of ball bearings. We can see lead shots in the bearing of a cycle hub.

Question 5.
Describe an experiment to prove that the pressure in a liquid increases with depth.
Answer:
Take a plastic bottle. Punch three holes on its side in the same direction, but at different heights. Now pour some water into it and let it flow through the holes. Observe the flow of water.

Inference:
The water comes out from all the holes with a different force and falls on the table at points that are at variable distances from the bottle. Water from the lowest hole comes out with the greatest force and falls at a point that is at the maximum distance from the bottle. Water from the topmost hole comes out with the least force and falls at the point that is at the minimum distance from the bottle.

Reason:
This activity confirms that the pressure in a liquid varies with the depth of the point of observation in it.

XII. Hot Corner

Question 1.
Why is it not advisable to take a fountain pen while travelling in an aeroplane?
Answer:
Fountain pens are built in such a way that the pressure inside them balances the atmospheric pressure at sea level. Since atmospheric pressure decreases with an increase in height above sea level, the pressure inside the pen turns out to be much greater than the air pressure in an aeroplane and the pen starts leaking.

Question 2.
Is there any possibility of making a special device to measure the magnitude of friction directly?
Answer:
Yes. Tribometer is a special device to measure the magnitude of friction directly.

Question 3.
Vidhya posts a question: Mercury is costly. So, instead of mercury can we use water as a barometric liquid? Answer to Vidhya and explain, the difficulty of constructing a water barometer.
Answer:

1. Mercury is commonly used in barometers because of its high density means the height of the column can be a reasonable size to measure atmospheric pressure.
2. A barometer using water, for instance, would need to be 13.6 times taller than a mercury barometer to obtain the same pressure difference.
3. This is because mercury is 13.6 times more dense than water.

Question 4.
A bubble rises from the bottom of a pond to its surface by increasing its radius by 3 times its value when it was at the bottom. Calculate the depth of the pond. (Hint: Pressure depends on the depth of the pond. Volume is inversely related to pressure.)[Science Olympiad]
Answer:
Solution:
From Boyle’s law P x \(\frac { 1 }{ v}\) (Pressure is inversely proportional to volume)
Initial pressure P₁ = Atmospheric pressure + Pressure of liquid column
∴ p₁ = hpg + Hpg
h = depth of the pond
H = 10 m of water
V₁ \(\frac { 4 }{ 3}\) πr³
P₂ = Hpg
V₂ = \(\frac { 4 }{ 3}\) π(3r)³ = \(\frac { 4 }{ 3}\) x 27 r³ x π
Hence by substituting these values,
P₁ V₁ = P₂ V₂

Samacheer Kalvi 8th Science Solutions Forces and Pressure Additional Questions

I. Choose the correct answer

Question 1.
The SI unit of pressure is ……………..
(a) \(\frac { kg }{ { m }^{ 3 } } \)
(b) \(\frac { kg }{ { m }^{ 2 } } \)
(c) Pascal
(d) Newton
Answer:
(c) Pascal

Question 2.
The wear and tear in the machine part is due to …………….
(a) Electrostatic force
(b) Frictional force
(c) Muscular force
(d) Gravitational force
Answer:
(b) frictional force

Question 3.
Which of the following increases friction?
(a) Lubricant
(b) Treads on a tyre
(c) Streamlining
(d) Polishing
Answer:
(b) Treads on a tyre

Question 4.
The total force exerted by a body normal to the surface is called …………….
(a) Pressure
(b) Thrust
(c) force of gravity
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) Thrust

Question 5.
The atmospheric pressure on the surface of the earth is about ………………
(a) 10<sup-5 Nm^-2
(b) 10⁴Nm^-2
(c) 10⁵ Nm^-2
(d) 10³Nm^-2
Answer:
(c) 10⁵ Nm^-2

Question 6.
The SI unit of force is ……………
(a) Dyne
(b) Newton
(c) Pascal
(d) Newton second
Answer:
(b) Newton

II. Fill in the Blanks

1. If the same force is made to act on a larger area, the pressure …………….
2. At the given depth, a liquid exerts 1 pressure in all directions.
3. The pressure exerted by the air around us is called …………… pressure.
4. At higher altitudes, atmospheric pressure is …………….
5. Friction depends on the ……………… of two surfaces in contact.

Answer:

1. Decreases
2. Equal
3. Atmospheric
4. Less
5. Nature

III. True or False – if false give the correct statement:

Question 1.
A push or pull on an object is called force.
Answer:
True.

Question 2.
Pressure can be increased by decreasing the force.
Answer:
False
Correct statement:
Pressure can be increased by increasing the force.

Question 3.
All flowing substances such as liquids or gases are called fluids.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
The pressure exerted by air is called atmospheric pressure.
Answer:
True

Question 5.
Pressure is directly proportional to the area of contact.
Answer:
False
Correct statement:
Pressure is inversely proportional to the area of contact.

Question 6.
The pressure in a liquid is the same at all depths.
Answer:
False
Correct statement:
The pressure in a liquid increases with depth.

IV. Match the following

Question 1.

Answer:

i. b,
ii. c
iii. e
iv. a
v. d

Question 2.

Answer:

i. c
ii. a
iii. e
iv. b
v. d

V. Analogy

Question 1.
Liquid pressure : ______ :: Atmospheric Pressure :______.
Answer:
Manometer, Barometer.

Question 2.
Broader straps : ______ :: Thin needles : ______.
Answer:
Lowers pressure, High pressure.

Question 3.
Pascal’s law : ______:: Surface tensin : ______.
Answer:
Hydraulic brake, Capillary action.

Question 4.
Viscous force : ______ :: Buoyant force : ______.
Answer:
Viscosity, Buoyancy.

Question 5.
Objects placed at rest on earth : ______ :: Bodies slide over the surface on other body : ______.
Answer:
Static friction, Sliding friction.

VI. Assertion and Reason

Mark the correct choice as :
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) If the assertion is true, but the reason is false.
(d) If the assertion is false, but the reason is true.

Question 1.
Assertion : Force is defined as a push or pull acting on a body.
Reason : CGS unit of force is newton.
Answer:
(c) The assertion is true, but the reason is false

Question 2.
Assertion : Friction always opposes the motion.
Reason : Whenever one surface moves or tries to move over another surface, the force of friction starts acting on the surfaces.
Answer:
(d) The assertion is false, but the reason is true

Question 3.
Assertion : The pressure at the bottom of the sea is lesser than that near the surface.
Reason : The pressure exerted by a liquid depends upon the depth of the liquid and density of the liquid.
Answer:
(d) The assertion is false, but the reason is true

Question 4.
Assertion : We can live very happily if friction is not present in nature.
Reason : Aeroplane shape is streamlined to reduce the effort of frictional force.
Answer:
(d) The assertion is false, but the reason is true

Question 5.
Assertion : There is danger of a vehicle skidding on a wet road.
Reason : The tyres of the vehicle lose their grip on the road due to increase in friction due to presence of water on the road.
Answer:
(c) The assertion is true, but the reason is false

VII. Very short Answers

Question 1.
Write the SI unit of force.
Answer:
Newton (N).

Question 2.
Write the SI unit of pressure.
Answer:
Pascal (Pa).

Question 3.
Mention the factors that the effect of a force depend.
Answer:

1. Magnitude of the force
2. The area over which it acts.

Question 4.
Name the material which is used to reduce friction.
Answer:
Lubricant.

Question 5.
What is lateral pressure?
Answer:
Liquid exerts pressure on the walls of the container also. This is called lateral pressure.

Question 6.
What is thrust?
Answer:
The force acting normally on a surface is called thrust.

Question 7.
Name an instrument used to measure the difference in the liquid pressure.
Answer:
Barometer.

Question 8.
Mention the two types of forces.
Answer:

1. Contact force
2. Non – contact force.

Question 9.
State whether the liquids and gases also exerts pressure.
Answer:
Yes, both the liquids and gases also exerts pressure.

Question 10.
In ‘tug of war’ when two teams pull equally hard, then what happens?
Answer:
In ‘tug of war’ when two teams pull equally hard, then the rope does not move in any direction.

VIII. Short Answer

Question 1.
Define force. Mention its SI unit.
Answer:
Force is that which changes or tends to change:

1. The state of rest or
2. The state of uniform motion of a body or
3. The direction of a moving body or
4. The shape of a body.

Question 2.
Does the palm apply any force on the ball, when we place our palm in front of a moving ball?
Answer:
Yes, when we place our palm in front of a moving ball, then the palm apply a force on the moving ball and stop it.

Question 3.
Briefly explain how do we experience force in our daily life.
Answer:
Since, there are many actions which give us the feeling of force like we hit or catch many objects in our regular routine. Most of the times, we see that the moving ball stops after sometime and it changes the direction of motion when it is hit by a bat also, when we compress a spring, its shape and size changes.

Question 4.
Can you lift or push a book lying on a table without touching it?
Answer:
No, we cannot lift or push a book lying on a table without touching it, because it is a type of contact forces.

Question 5.
Explain the effect on the pressure when area on which it is applied, decreases.
Answer:
As, we know that pressure is defined as the force acting on a unit area of a surface, then,
Force
Pressure = \(\frac { Force }{ Area}\)
P = \(\frac { F }{ A}\)
p ∝ \(\frac { 1 }{ A}\)
So, pressure is inversely proportional to the area on which force is applied. Therefore with the decrease in area the pressure increases.

Question 6.
Explain the variation of the pressure exerted by liquid with respect to following factors.

1. Amount of liquid
2. Depth
3. Shape and size of container

Answer:
The variation of pressure exerted by liquid with respect to the above factors can be given by,

1. Pressure in a liquid increases with the amount of liquid.
2. Pressure in a liquid increases with depth.
3. Pressure of liquid is independent of shape and size of container.

Question 7.
Give two examples to reduce friction.
Answer:

1. Drops of oil are poured on the hinges of a door to move the door smoothly,
2. Fine powder are sprinkled on the carrom board to reduce friction.

Question 8.
Explain why the cutting instruments are sharpened.
Answer:
Cutting instruments have very small area of cross – section, which lead to the increase in pressure. So they can easily penetrate the surface (pressure is inversely proportional to area). That’s why cutting instruments are usually very much sharpened.

Question 9.
Cooking in a place located at a higher attitude is difficult. Why?
Answer:
At a higher altitude, due to the lack of atmospheric pressure the boiling point of a substance reduces. So, the water boils even at 80° C. At this temperature, the thermal energy that is produced is not sufficient enough for baking or cooking. So, cooking is difficult at higher altitude.

Question 10.
Write about buoyant force.
Answer:

1. An upward force is exerted by water on a floating or a partly submerged body. This upward force is called buoyant force. The phenomenon is known as “buoyancy”.
2. This force is not only exerted by liquids, but also by gases. Liquids and gases together are called fluids.
3. This upward force decides whether an object will sink or float. If the weight of the object is less than the upward force, then the object will float. If not, it will sink.

IX. Long Answer

Question 1.
Explain the advantages and disadvantages of friction.
Answer:
Advantages of friction : Friction is a necessity in most of our day to day activities. It is desirable in most situations of our daily life.

1. We can hold any object in our hand due to friction.
2. We can walk on the road because of friction. The footwear and the ground help us to walk without slipping.
3. Writing easily with a pen on paper is due to friction.
4. Automobiles can move safely due to friction between the tyres and the road. Brakes can be applied due to frictional resistance on brake shoes.
5. We are able to light a matchstick, sew clothes, tie a knot or fix a nail in the wall because of friction. Though it is giving a negative effect, in most of our day to day life friction helps us to make our life easy. So, it is called as “necessary evil”.

Disadvantages of friction:

1. Friction wears out the surfaces rubbing with each other, like screws and gears in machines or soles of shoes.
2. To overcome the friction an excess amount of effort has to be given to operate a machine. This leads to wastage of energy.
3. Friction produces heat, which causes physical damage to the machines.

Question 2.
Define Pascal’s law. Explain the applications of Pascal’s law in our daily life.
Answer:
Pascal’s law : The pressure applied at any point of a liquid at rest, in a closed system, will be distributed equally through all regions of the liquid.
Application of Pascal’s law : Some of the following examples highlight their working according to Pascal’s law.

1. In an automobile service station, the vehicles are lifted upward using the hydraulic lift, which works as per Pascal’s law.
2. The automobile brake system works according to Pascal’s law.
3. The hydraulic press is used to make the compressed bundles of cotton or cloth so as to occupy less space.

Question 3.
What is surface tension? Explain the applications of surface tension.
Answer:
Surface tension is the property of a liquid. The molecules of a liquid experience a force, which contracts the extent of their surface area as much as possible, so as to have the minimum value. Thus, the amount of force acting per unit length, on the surface of a liquid is called surface tension.

Application of surface tension:

1. Water molecules rise up due to surface tension. Xylem tissues are very narrow vessels present in plants. Water molecules are absorbed by the roots and these vessels help the water to rise upward due to “capillarity action” which is caused by the surface tension of water.

2. For a given volume, the surface area of a sphere is the minimum. This is the reason for the liquid drops to acquire a spherical shape.

3. Water strider insect slides on the water surface easily due to the surface tension of water.

4. During a heavy storm, sailors pour soap powder or oil into the sea near their ship to decrease the surface tension of sea water. This process reduces the impact of the violent water current against the all of ship.

Question 4.
Briefly explain the concept of variation of atmospheric pressure.
Answer:

1. Atmospheric pressure vary from place to place and from time to time due to variation in temperature. Even, the density of air decreases with the increase in temperature.
2. So, as a result, the atmospheric pressure also decreases. The atmospheric pressure at a place is because of the weight of air above it.
3. So, if we go higher above the earth surface, the atmospheric pressure decreases, thus at mountain top the pressure is less. The atmospheric pressure at sea level is considered as standard pressure.

X. Thinking Comer : HOTS

Question 1.
Why dams are made stronger and thicker at the bottom that at the top?
Answer:
This is because the pressure of the water is much greater deeper down and the damneeds to be thick at the bottom so that is strong enough to withstand this larger pressure.

Question 2.
Why do scuba divers wear a special suit while they go into deep sea levels?
Answer:
Pressure deep under the sea is so high that if the divers don’t wear specially designed suits, the water pressure will crush their body.

Question 3.
Why are rain drop spherical in nature?
Answer:

1. Surface tension is responsible for the shape of liquid droplets. Although easily deformed, droplets of water tend to be pulled into a spherical shape by the cohesive force of the surface layer.
2. In the absence of other force including gravity drops of virtually all liquids would be approximately spherical.

Question 4.
A liquid flowing out of a very small opening of a tube or tap comes out in the form of fine drops and not as a continuous stream. Why?
Answer:
For a given volume, the surface area of a sphere is the minimum. This is the reason for the liquid drops to acquire a spherical shape.

Question 5.
Trees are greenish. They are greenish at the tip too. How does the water rise upward in a tree or plant against the force of gravity?
Answer:

1. Water can travel to great heights inside plants. Water moves up the xylem through a process called capillary action.
2. During transpiration, water evaporates from holes in the surface of leaves into the air. As water molecules evaporate from plant leaves, they attract the water molecules still in the plant, helping to pull water up through the stems from the roots.

XI. Problems for practice

Question 1.
Determine the pressure when a force of 200 N acts on area

1. 20 m²
2. 8 m²

Answer:
1. Pressure P = \(\frac { F }{ A}\)
F = 200 N, A = 20 m²
P = \(\frac { 200}{ 20}\)= 10N/m²or 10 Pa

2. A = 8 m²
P = \(\frac { 200}{ 8}\) = 25 N/m² or 25 Pa

Question 2.
A force of 20 N acts over an area of 4 cm² Find the value of pressure? (in Nm^-2)
Answer:
Given:
Pressure = \(\frac { F }{ A}\)
F = 20 N
A = 4 cm² = 4 x 10^-2m
Solution:
P = \(\frac { F }{ A}\) = \(\frac { 20 }{ 4 x 10^-2 }\)
= 5 x 10²
= 500 Nm^-2 (or) 500 pack

Question 3.
What will be the force required to exert a pressure of 20,000 Pa on an area of 1 cm².
Answer:
Given:
P = 20,000 Pa
A = 1 cm² = 1 x 10^-4 m²
Formula:
p = \(\frac { F }{ A}\)
F =P x A
Solution:
= 20,000 x 10^-4
= 2 x 10^-4 x 10^-4
= 2 N.

Question 4.
Calculate the area of a 1500 N object that exerts a pressure of 500 Pa.
Answer:
Given:
P = 500 Pa
F = 1500N
Formula:
p = \(\frac { F }{ A}\)
A = \(\frac { F }{ P}\)
Solution:
= \(\frac { 1500}{ 500}\)
= 3m²

XII. Cross word puzzle

Across:
1. The mixture of gases that surrounds the Earth or some other celestial body.
3. A force acting normal to a surface.
5. The pressure exerted by air.
7. Something that causes a body to move, change its speed or direction, or distorts its shape.
9. The upward force that fluids exert on all matter.

Down:
2. A unit used to measure pressure.
4. A unit used to measure force.
6. Amount of force applied per unit area.
8. An instrument for measuring atmospheric pressure.
10. The pressure exerted at any point on a enclosed liquid is transmitted equally and undiminished in all directions.

Answer:

1. Atmosphere
3. Thrust
5. Atmospheric Pressure
7. Force
9. Upthrust

Down:
2. Pascal
4. Newton
6. Pressure
8. Barometer
10. Pascals Law

Students can Download English Lesson 1 The Three Questions Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 8th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 8th English Solutions Term 2 Supplementary Chapter 1 The Three Questions

Section – I

Read and Understand

A. Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

The Three Questions Book Back Answers Question 1.
The king wanted to know the answers for _______ questions.
(a) three
(b) five
(c) nine
Answer:
(a) three

The Three Questions Answers Question 2.
The hermit lived in a _______
(a) cottage
(b) palace
(c) wood
Answer:
(c) wood

The Three Questions 8th Standard Question 3.
_______ was widely renowned for his wisdom.
(a) hermit
(b) messengers
(c) warriors
Answer:
(a) hermit

B. Fill in the blanks.

1. The answer for the first question was to have a _______ to fix the proper time for everything.
2. _______ were referred to know the right time for every action.
3. The king decided to consult a _______

Answers:

1. counsel of wise men
2. Magicians
3. hermit

C. Who said these words?

1. “They all answered his questions differently”.
2. How can I learn to do the right thing at the right time?
3. “Now rest awhile – and let me work a bit”?

Answers:

1. Leo Tolstoy They → learned men; his → The King’s
2. The king
3. The hermit

D. Give short answers for the following in 50 words.

The Three Questions Samacheer Kalvi Question 1.
What were the king’s questions?
Answer:
The king’s questions were :
What was the right time for every action?
Who were the most necessary people?
How to know what was the most important thing to do?

8th English The Three Questions Question 2.
Was the king satisfied with the answers? Why?
Answer:
No, the king was not satisfied with the answers. Because all the answers were different and the king could not agree with none of them.

The Three Questions Question And Answer Question 3.
Why was the king advised to go to the magicians?
Answer:
The king was advised to go to the magicians in order to know the right time for every action.

The Three Questions Question 4.
Whose advice did the people say would be imp’ortant to the king in answer to the second question?
Answer:
In answer to the second question, the advice of the councilors, priests, doctors and warriors would be important to the king.

The Three Questions Additional Questions

I. Fill in the blanks :

1. Only _______ know beforehand what was going to happen.
2. The king decided to consult a hermit renowned for his. _______
3. The hermit received none but only _______
4. When the king came to meet, the hermit was _______ the ground

Answers:

1. magicians
2. wisdom
3. common folk
4. digging

II. Read the following passage and answer the questions given below

In reply to the first question, some said that to know the right time for every action, one must draw up in advance a table of days, months, and years, and must live strictly according to it. Only thus, they said, could everything be done at its proper time. Others declared that it was impossible to decide beforehand the right time for every action, but that, not letting oneself be absorbed in idle pastimes, one should always attend to all that was going on, and then do what was most needful.

Three Questions Questions And Answers Pdf Question 1.
To know the right time, what must one draw up in advance?
Answer:
One must draw up in advance a table of days, months and years.

The Three Questions Questions And Answers Question 2.
Since it was impossible to decide the right time, what should we not Jo?
Answer:
We should not be absorbed in idle pastimes.

Question 3.
Why should we attend to all that is going on?
Answer:
We should attend to all that is going on so that we can choose and do what is most needed.

Question 4.
What was the first question?
Answer:
The first question was, “what is the right time for every action?”.

III. Answer the following in one or two words ;

Question 1.
When was ‘The three questions’ written by the Tolstoy .and in what iang<; age:
Answer:
Leo Tolstoy wrote ‘The three questions’ in 1885 in the Russian language.

Question 2.
Why was a council of wise men recommended to find the proper time for every th. in rJ
Answer:
A council of wise men was recommended because it was impossible for one man to decide correctly the proper time.

Question 3.
How did the king go to the woods?
Answer:
The king went to the woods in simple clothes, with his bodyguard on his horse.

Question 4.
Why did the king take the spade to work for the hermit?
Answer:
The king took the spade to work for the hfermit because the hermit was tired.

Question 5.
Until when did the king dig with the spade?
Answer:
The king dig with the spade until the sun began to sink behind the trees.

IV, Identify the character / speaker:

1. “To know the right time for every action, one must draw in advance the table of days, months and years”.
2. “Let me take the spade and work awhile for you”.
3. “Let us see who it is”.

Answers:

1. learned men
2. king
3. The hermit

V. Write True or False against each statement:

1. All the answers being different, the king agreed with none of them.
2. The king should have a council of unwise men who would help him.
3. The hermit lived in a wood which he often quitted.
4. The hermit listened to the king’s questions but answered nothing.
5. Each time the hermit stuck his spade into the ground, he turned a lot of earth.

Answers:

1. True
2. False
3. False
4. True
5. False

VI. Give Very Short Answers :

Question 1.
According to the answers received, who were the people the king most needed?
Answer:
Councilors, priests, doctors and warriors.

Question 2.
What do you know about the hermit from this lesson?
Answer:
The wise hermit lived in the wood which he never quitted. He met only common folks there. He was frail, weak, tired in a hut and worked hard.

VII. Answer in Detail:

Question 1.
Explain the various answers given by the learned men for the first question of the king.
Answer:
To know the right time for each action, the learned men said,
(a) to draw in advance a table of days, months and years and live according to it.
(b) it is impossible to find the answer for the right time for each action.
(c) not to be absorbed in idle pastimes, but to attend to all that was going on and do what was most-needful.
(d) it was impossible for one man to decide the right time correctly.
(e) the king must have a council of wise men to help him fix the proper time for everything.

Question 2.
What happened between the king and the hermit in the woods?
Answer:
The hermit saw the king and greeted him. Then he continued to dig the ground in front of his hut with great difficulty.

The king told the hermit that he had come to him to ask him the answers for his three questions and narrated the three questions. The hermit did not answer the questions but continued digging. The king offered to help the tired hermit in digging. The hermit accepted his help and sat down. When the king stopped digging and repeated his questions, the hermit again did not answer, he asked for the spade from the king. The king did not give the spade, he continued digging for hours till sunset. At last, the king told the hermit that if he could not answer his questions, he would go back home. At that time, someone came running.

VIII. Rearrange the jumbled sentences :

A.
1. King decided to consult a hermit known for his wisdom.
2. The learned men answered the king’s questions differently.
3. The king put on simple clothes and went alone to the hermit’s cell.
4. The king proclaimed throughout his kingdom to give rewaijd for the correct answers to his questions.
5. The king agreed with none of the learned men and gave the reward to none.
Answers:
4. The king proclaimed throughout his kingdom to give reward for the correct answers to his questions.
2. The learned men answered the kings questions differently.
5. The king agreed with none of the learned men and gave the reward to none.
1. King decided to consult a hermit known for his wisdom.
3. The king put on simple clothes and went alone to the hermit’s cell.

B.
1. The hermit listened to the king, but answered nothing.
2. The king dismounted his horse and went along, leaving his bodyguard behind.
3. The king said, “You are tired, let me take the spade and work for you”.
4. The king said, “Wise hermit, I ask you to answer my three questions”.
5. The hermit greeted the king on seeing him.
Answers:
2. The king dismounted his horse and went along, leaving his bodyguard behind.
5. The hermit greeted the king on seeing him.
4. The king said, “Wise hermit, I ask you to answer my three questions”.
1. The hermit listened to the king, but answered nothing.
3. The king said, “You are tired, let me take the spade and work for you”.

Section – II

Read and Understand

A. Write ‘True or False’ for the following statement.

1. The bearded man was an enemy of the king.
2. The king and the hermit refused to help the wounded man.
3. The wounded man asked for the king’s forgiveness.
4. The king promised to restore the property of the bearded man.

Answers:

1. True
2. False
3. True
4. True

B. Match the words in column ‘A’ with their meanings in column ‘B’.

Answers:

1. (c)
2. (a)
3. (d)
4. (b)

C. Give short answers for the following.

Question 1.
Who came running out of the wood? What happened to-him?
Answer:
A bearded man came running out of the wood. Blood was flowing from the wound in his stomach. The king’s bodyguard attacked him.

Question 2.
How did the king and the hermit restore the life of a wounded man?
Answer:
The king and the hermit unfastened the man’s clothing. The king washed the wound in his stomach and bandaged it with his handkerchief and with a towel the hermit had. When the blood stopped flowing, the king gave fresh water for him to drink. Then the king, with the hermit’s help, carried the wounded man into the hut and laid him on the bed.

Question 3.
Why did the king sleep through the night?
Answer:
The king was so tired from his walk, from the digging work with the spade and from putting all his effort to save the bearded man. So he slept soundly through the night.

Question 4.
What were the changes in the behaviour of the Wounded man at the end?
Answer:
The wounded man was the enemy of the kMg. He wanted to kill the king but the king saved his life. The wounded man asked the kings forgiveness and wanted to serve the king as a very faithful slave.

D. Answer the following in 100 words.

Question 1.
What were the answers to the three questions? What is the message of the hermit?
Answer:
For the first question of the king, “What was the right time for every action?”, the answer was, “The most important time was when the king was digging the beds”.

The answer for the second question, “Who were the most necessary people?” was the hermit was the most important man.

The final question was, “What was the most important thing to do?” The answer was to do good for the hermit was the most important business of the king.

Question 2.
Why did the heart man ask he king’s forgiveness? What did the king do to show his forgiveness?
Answer:
The bearded man actually came to kill the king. But when he was badly wounded and bled to death, the king saved his life by treating his wound. The man whom he wanted to kill, saved his life. This act of the king made the bearded man feel guilty of his sin.

So the bearded man asked for the kings forgiveness. The king was happy to make peace with his enemy and make his friend. He not only forgave him but also sent his servants and his own physician to attend on him. The king promised to restore his property too.

Vocabulary

Commonly Confused Words

Complete the following sentences using appropriate copfusable words.

1. The sugar had a negative ________ on the science experiment, (effect/affect)
2. l am going to ________ down for an hour, (lie/lay)
3. The gas prices continue to ________ (raise/rise).
4. She always gives me good ________ (advice/advise).
5. The war had no ________ on oil prices, (affect / effect)

Answers:

1. effect
2. lie
3. rise
4. advice
5. effect

Anagram

Example:

Exercise:

Antigram

Example:

Exercise:

Step to Succes

Read the English folk tale given below and fill up the blank spaces with si le words.
that, and, and, on, after, where
Answer:
There were once three tortoises – a father, a mother and a baby. On one fine morning during spring, they decided that they would like to go for a picnic. They picked the place where they would go, a nice wood at some distance, and they began to put their things together. They got tins of cheese, vegetable, meat and fruits. They were ready for the picnic. They set out carrying their baskets. After eighteen months they sat down for rest. They enjoyed the picnic very much.

The Three Questions Additional Questions

I. Choose the Right answer:

Question 1.
The bearded man came running out of the _______
(a) wood
(b) beach
(c) hut
(d) Porch
Answer:
(a) wood

Question 2.
The king was tired so he crouched on the _______ and fell asleep.
(a) porch
(b) bed
(c) threshold
(d) field

Question 3.
The king was glad to have made _______ with his enemy.
(a) money
(b) business
(c) peace
(d) healing
Answer:
(c) peace

Question 4.
The hermit was on his knees, outside his hut _______ seeds in the beds dug.
(a) planting
(b) sowing
(c) digging
(d) keeping
Answer:
(b) sowing

Question 5.
The only purpose man was sent into this life was to do _______ for others.
(a) harm
(b) abuse
(c) revenge
(d) good
Answer:
(d) good

II. Fill in the blanks :

1. The king and the hermit _______the bearded man’s clothes.
2. The king bandaged the wound with his _______ and the hermit s towel.
3. The bearded said to the king, “I will serve you as your most faithful _______”
4. The king said he would send his servants and his own _______ to attend the bearded man.

Answers:

1. unfastened
2. handkerchief
3. slave
4. Physician

III. Identify the character and speaker:

1. “Forgive me”.
2. “I do not know you and have nothing to forgive you for”.
3. “I resolved to kill you on your way back”.
4. “You have already been answered”.
5. “For the last time, I pray you to answer my questions”.

Answers:

1. Bearded man
2. The king
3. Bearded man
4. Hermit
5. The king

IV. Write True or False against each statement:

1. The bearded man fell fainting on the ground, moaning loudly.
2. The bearded man was lying on the bed, gazing intently at the king with shining eyes.
3. “Your bodyguard recognized me and wounded me”.
4. Before going away the king wished not to beg an answer to the questions he had put.
5. There is only one time that is important – then!

Answers:

1. False
2. True
3. True
4. False
5. False

V. Match the following :

Answer:

1. (b)
2. (a)
3. (d)
4. (c)

VI. Give Very Short Answers :

Question 1.
Where was the wound for the bearded man?
Answer:
The bearded man was wounded in his stomach.

Question 2.
What did the king give the bearded man to drink?
Answer:
The king gave fresh water for the bearded man to drink.

Question 3.
Where did the king and the he make the bearded man to lie?
Answer:
The king and the hermit made the bearded man to lie on the bed in the hermits hut.

Question 4.
Who property had the king seized?
Answer:
The king had seized the property of the bearded man’s brother.

Question 5.
Why did the bodyguard w< the bearded
Answer:
The bodyguard knew that the bearded man had come to kill the king. So he wounded to protect the king.

Question 6.
What would have happened if the king had not dressed the wound of the bearded man?
Answer:
If the king had not dressed the wound of the bearded man, he would have heavily bled and died.

Question 7.
Why die he king want to mi the hermit before he left the wood?
Answer:
The king wanted to meet the hermit for the last time before he left, to beg an answer to the questions he had put.

Question 8.
The only time important is “now”. Justify.
Answer:
“Now” is the only time when we have any power to act. So it is important than the past and future.

VII. Write Short Answers :

Question 1.
Describe the bearded man when he met the king.
Answer:
The bearded man came running from the wood. His hands were pressing his stomach, from which blood was flowing. He reached the king and fell fainted on the ground, moaning feebly.

Question 2.
How did the king and the hermit treat the wounded man?
Answer:
The king washed the Targe wound on the stomach and bandaged it with his handkerchief and the hermit’s towel. The king rebandaged the wound repeatedly until the blood stopped. He gave fresh water to the wounded man to drink. The king and the hermit carried the wounded man and laid him on the bed in the hut

Question 3.
The bearded man lying on the bed, gazed at the king with shining eyes. Why?
Answer:
The bearded man cried so his eyes were shining. He gazed at the king as he was recollecting how he came the previous day to kill the king. He felt guilty as the king whom he wanted to kill, had saved his life.

VIII. Answer in Detail:

Question 1.
Explain the three instances by which the hermit answered the king’s questions.
Answer:
Instance I : The most important time was when the king was digging the beds. The most important person was the hermit. To do good for the hermit was the most important action.

Instance IT: The most important time was the time the king attended on the bearded ’ man. The bearded wounded man was the most important person. The help the king did to the wounded man was the most important action.

To conclude, the most important time is “now” because it is the only time over which we have any power. The most important person is the person with whom we are. And the most important action is to do good to that person, because only for that reason man was sent to live this life.

Question 2.
What would have happened if the king did not help the hermit?
Answer:
When the king saw the frail weak hermit digging the ground, he pitied him and dug the beds for him but if he had not pitied the hermit and gone on his way, then the bearded man would have attacked and killed the king. The king would have also repented for not staying with the hermit.

Question 3.
How did the bearded man become the most important person for the king?
Answer:
According to the second question of the king, “who was the most necessary person?”, it was the bearded man. Because when the bearded man ran up to the king, if the king had not attended to him, he would have died. Since the king attended to the man, bandaged his wound and saved him, the king was able to make peace with his enemy and gained him for a friend. God wants us to do good for people and for that purpose alone man was sent into this life.

IX. Rearrange the jumbled sentences:

A.
1. The king washed and bandaged the wound.
2. A bearded man came running out of the wood.
3. The king and the hermit carried the wounded man into the hut and laid him on the bed.
4. He fell fainting on the ground, moaning feebly.
5. The king brought fresh water and gave it to him.
Answers:
2. A bearded man came running out of the wood.
4. He fell fainting on the ground, moaning feebly.
1. The king washed and bandaged the wound.
5. The king brought fresh water and gave it to him.
3. The king and the hermit carried the wounded man into the hut and laid him on the bed.

B.
1. “Forgive me”, said the bearded man in a weak voice.
2. The king was glad to have made peace with his enemy.
3. “I am the enemy of yours who swore to revenge on you”.
4. When the king woke in the morning, the bearded man was gazing at him with shining eyes.
5. “I do not know you”, said the king.
Answer:
4. When the king woke in the morning, the bearded man was gazing at him with shining eyes.
1. “Forgive me”, said the bearded man in a weak voice.
5. “I do not know you”, said the king.
3. “I am the enemy of yours who swore to revenge on you”.
2. The king was glad to have made peace with his enemy.

X. Read the passage and answer the questions :

“You do not know me, but I know you. I am that enemy of yours who swore to revenge on you, because you executed my brother and seized his property. I know you had gone alone to see the hprmit, and I resolved to kill you on your way back”.

Question 1.
Who speaks these words and to whom?
Answer:
The bearded man spoke these words to the king.

Question 2.
Who was the bearded man?
Answer:
The bearded man was the king’s enemy.

Question 3.
What did the bearded man plan to do?
Answer:
The bearded man planned to kill the king.

Question 4.
Why did the bearded man want to kill the king?
Answer:
The bearded man wanted to kill the king as a revenge. Because the king had executed his brother and seized his property.

Vocabulary – Additional

Confused Words

Complete the following sentences using appropriate confusable words.

1. Can you _______ (here / hear) me?
2. Last _______ (weak / week) I did not attend the school.
3. It is a very beautiful _______ (seen / scene)
4. He tried to _______ (steel / steal) the gold chain.
5. The hunting dogs tried to _______ (haul / hall) the wolf.

Answers:

1. hear
2. week
3. scene
4. steal
5. haul

Anagram

Form another word.

1. Elbow
2. State
3. Cat
4. Arc
5. Sale
6. School master

Answers:

1. Below
2. Taste
3. Act
4. car
5. seal
6. The classroom

Antigram

Create Antigram from the following Anagram.

1. Indeed
2. Inferno
3. Tip
4. Silent
5. forty five

Answers:

1. Denied
2. Non-fire
3. Pit
4. Listen
5. Over fifty

The Three Questions Summary

Section – I

Once a king was anxious to find the answers to these questions: What was the right time to begin everything? Who was the right person to listen to? and what was the most important thing to do?

The king announced throughout his kingdom that anyone who gave the correct answer for his questions would be rewarded.

To know the right time they said one should have a time plan. Another person said it was impossible to decide the correct time, so one should avoid idle pastime and attend only to the needful. Next, it was told that the king should have a council of wise men to fix the correct time for everything. Finally, it was recommended to consult magicians.

Various answers were given to the second question such as councilors, priests, doctors, warriors being the most needed people.

For the third question on the important action to do, the answers got were science, skill in warfare, religious worship and so on.

The king was not satisfied with any of the answers and he went to the woods to consult a hermit known for his wisdom. The hermit was digging the ground with difficulty when the king met him and asked him the answers for his questions. The hermit did not answer but continued to dig. Seeing the tired hermit, the king offered to dig for him and again asked the same questions. The hermit again did not answer but asked the spade back’to dig. The king did not give the spade but continued to dig till the evening. At that time, someone came running. The king and the hermit went to see who it was.

Section – II

When the king was with the hermit near his hut, a bleeding bearded man fell fainted as he reached the king. The king washed and bandaged the wound in his stomach till bleeding stopped. The king gave water to the thirsty man. The tired king and the bearded man slept in the hermits hut that night.

In the morning, the bearded man asked for the king’s forgiveness. But the king did not know him. The bearded man was the king’s enemy who had come to kill him. The bodyguard found him and attacked. The bearded man escaped being saved by his enemy, the ‘king’. The bearded man promised to serve the king as a faithful slave along with his family.

The happy king forgave and made peace with his enemy. He sent his servants and physician to attend the wounded man and also promised to restore his property.

The king asked the hermit for the answers to his questions before he left him. The hermit told that it had been already answered. Firstly, the most important time was when the king was digging the beds. Secondly, the important man was the hermit. Thirdly, to do good for the hermit was the king’s important business.

Next, the most important three was when the king attended his enemy. The important man was the ‘enemy’ who the king made peace with. The important business was what the king did for the bearded man.

Students can Download English Lesson 3 Being Safe Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 8th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 8th English Solutions Term 1 Prose Chapter 3 Being Safe

Read And Understand

A. Choose the best answer.

Being Safe Summary Question 1.
Grandpa got a call from
(a) his son
(b) wife
(c) his old friend
Answer:
(c) his old friend

Being Safe Question Answer Question 2.
Medicine should be kept in
(a) fridge
(b) kitchen table
(c) locked cabinet
Answer:
(c) locked cabinet

Being Safe Lesson Question 3.
automotive and gardening products should be secured.
(a) gardening products
(c) hazardous
(c) medicine
Answer:
(c) hazardous

Being Safe 8th Std Prose Summary Question 4.
We should have in our home itself to give medical treatment.
(a) first aid kit
(b) injection
(c) hospital
Answer:
(a) first aid kit

8th English Being Safe Question 5.
Some house and are poisonous.
(a) used food and plants
(b) plants and dog
(c) plants and used button cell batteries
Answer:
(c) plants and used button cell batterie

B. Choose the correct synonyms for the Italic word.

Samacheer Kalvi 8th English Book Solutions Question 1.
Dixie was feeling very exhausted.
(a) joy
(b) wounded
(c) tired
(d) rejoiced
Answer:
(c) tired

Being Safe 8th Std Prose Question 2.
The neem tree was a big antique in his garden.
(a) modern
(b) ancient
(c) updated
(d) out dated
Answer:
(b) ancient

8th English Being Safe Question Answer Question 3.
Praveen got sun stroke.
(a) fever
(b) nerves
(c) unconscious
(d) tired
Answer:
(c) unconscious

Being Safe 8th Prose Question 4.
Heat exhaustion prevails.
(a) widespread
(b) not visible
(c) exposive
(d) hidden
Answer:
(a) widespread

C. Choose the correct antonyms for the Italic word.

8th Standard English Being Safe Question 1.
Karan visited his ancestral village.
(a) offspring
(b) family
(c) house
(d) relative
Answer:
Correct Answer: non-hereditar

Being Safe Prose Summary Question 2.
We should use our mobile safely.
(a) unsafe
(b) secure
(c) protect
(d) save
Answer:
(a) unsafe

Question 3.
Medicine should be stored.
(a) consumed
(b) deleted
(c) preserved
(d) registered
Answer:
(a) consumee

Question 4.
The neem tree provided shelter to many birds.
(a) residence
(b) un protection
(c) home
(d) security
Answer:
(b) un protection

Question 5.
It is a latest mobile.
(a) updated
(b) outdated
(c) new
(d) modern
Answer:
(b) outdated

D. Answer the following in one or two sentences.

Question 1.
What is STREET SMART?
Answer:
‘Street smart’ is the experience and knowledge necessary to deal with the potential difficulties or dangers of life in an urban environment.

Question 2.
Which should be used with adults supervision?
Answer:
Mobile phones should be used by kids only with adult supervision.

Question 3.
What according to grandpa is the most serious illness?
Answer:
According to grandpa, sunstroke is the most serious illness.

Question 4.
What is the must in every household?
Answer:
A first aid kit is a must in every household. It should also have an emergency instruction inside.

E. Answer the following questions in 100 words.

Question 1.
How can you make yourself cyber safe?
Answer:
We should make ourselves cyber safe by not posting our personal information, photos, vacation plans, etc, in the social media. We should use a unique password with a combination of upper and lower case letters and numbers. Our operating systems (computer or mobile) should be updated regularly. When not in active use, turn off Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, camera, and location services. These functions of our mobile can be misused by others who want to invade our privacy. Don’t download from questionable sites. They can infect your device with viruses and compromise your privacy and safety.

Question 2.
What are the safety measures to be followed for sunstroke?
Answer:
We may get heat sunstroke when the body cannot cool itself fast enough. If you feel hot, have a headache, feel giddy or nauseated, you should tell an adult. During a heat wave, stay out of the sun and the heat during the hottest hours of the day, between 10 a.m. and 3 p.m. Drink about two litres of water per day. It is good to drink buttermilk, coconut water, fruit juices, etc. Wear lightweight, comfortable dress made of cotton that let air circulate your body. Also, always remember to protect your head by wearing a cap.

Question 3.
Write about road safety rules?
Answer:
‘Road Safety Rules’ ought to be followed very strictly whenever we are on the road. The three important rules to be followed on the road are :

1. When we see the red light, it is an indication to stop.
2. The green light gives us the instruction to go.
3. Orange light insists us to get ready to go.
   While crossing the road, we have to be careful in crossing the road at the zebra crossing. We should walk on our right-hand side, against the traffic, so that we can see the vehicles coming.

Vocabulary

Prefix And Suffix

Underline the prefix in each word in the boxes.
Answer:

Pick a suitable Prefix and suffix from the given box and complete the following words

(able, ful, ly, sub, ion, un, tri, re, im, mis)
Answer:

recall	comfortable
subcategory	misunderstand
improper	successful
equally	tricolour
construction	newly

Syllabification

Syllabify the words.
Answer:

Listening

Listen to the teacher and answer the questions.

1. The ‘net’ in internet really stands for ______
2. A network is two or more computers connected together so that______ can be shared sent from one computer to another.
3. ______is accessed through web pages that companies, organizations and individuals create and post.
4. ______ may enjoy using it to do research for a school project, downloading your favorite songs or communicating with friends and family.
5. ______like a giant bulletin board that the whole world.

Answer:

1. network
2. Information
3. Information
4. You
5. It’s kind of

Writing
Develop the following hints:

Question 1.
Tortoise – hare – forest – Tortoise walking- seen by a hare- hare laughs – tortoise speed – Tortoise sad – bet – race – Tortoise moving- slow speed – Hare moves – fast – sleeps- tortoise – reaches winning point – first – Wins the bet.
Answer:
The Tortoise and the hare
A tortoise and a hare lived in a forest. Once, the hare saw the tortoise walking slowly with a heavy shell on his back. The hare laughed at the speed of the tortoise. The tortoise felt sad. The hare was very proud of himself and challenged the tortoise for a race. The tortoise agreed. They started the running race. The hare ran very fast. But the tortoise walked very slowly. The proud hare rested under a tree and soon slept off. But the tortoise walked slowly and steadily and reached the winning point. At last, the tortoise won the bet.

Question 2.
Akbar – Birbal – courtiers jealous of Birbal – ask Akbar – test Birbal wiseness – Courtier puts a question – How many crows in Agra – Birbal asks for a week – every day sitting on the terrace – looking at the crows- after a week – courtier asks – Birbal says 156757 crows – asks the courtier to check- Akbar laughs.
Answer:
Akbar and Birbal
Akbar was a great Mughal emperor. Birbal was his Minister. He was a wise man and Akbar always praised his wit and intelligence. His courtiers were jealous of Birbal. One day, Akbar asked his courtiers to test Birbal’s wiseness. A courtier puts a question to him. He asked him ‘how many crows were there in Agra. Birbal asked time for a week. Birbal used to sit on the terrace everyday, looking at the crows. After a week, the courtier asked him to tell the answer. He answered that there were 156757 crows in Agra. He asked the courtier to check, if he is right. Hearing this, the King laughed heartily admiring his wit.

Question 3.
A woodcutter – cutting wood – dropped his axe in the pond – started weeping – angel ap¬peared – asked what the matter was – brought a golden axe – from the pond – woodcutter did not accept – brought a silver axe – not accepted – brought an iron axe – accepted – pleased with the honesty – offered all the axes to him.
Answer:
The woodcutter and the axe
Long ago, there lived a woodcutter in a small village. One day, while cutting wood, he dropped his axe in the pond. He tried hard to get it back, but he was unable to do so. He started weeping. An angel appeared before him and asked him what was the matter. She brought a golden axe from the pond and gave it to him. The woodcutter did not accept it. Next, she brought a silver axe and gave it to him. The woodcutter did not even . accept this. At last, she brought him an iron axe and gave it to him. The woodcutter accepted that it was his axe. The Angel was pleased with his honesty and offered all the three axes to him.

Grammar
Modal Verbs

Circle the modal verbs in the list given in the box.

Answer:
Modal Verbs

I. Use polite request when we seek help from others.
a) Fill in the blanks using would you or could you.

1. please close the door?
2. please open the window?
3. mind going to the back bench?
4. please bring some water for me?

Answer:

1. Could you
2. Could you
3. Could you
4. Could you

(b) Use the phrases could you or would you in the following situations with your friend.

Question 1.
Ask the policeman for directions.
Answer:
Could you please tell me the way to the railway station?

Question 2.
You need to borrow your friend’s bike.
Answer:
Would you lend me your bike?

Question 3.
You would need to exchange the book purchased.
Answer:
Could you exchange this book

Question 4.
You want to open your classroom window.
Answer:
Could you please open our classroom window?

II. Prepositions.
(a) Fill in the blanks by using correct preposition.

1. We go to school ______ Mondays, but not on Sunday.
2. Christmas is ______ December 25th.
3. Buy me a present ______ my birthday.
4. Families often argue ______ Christmas time.
5. I work faster night ______ night
6. Her shift finished_______ 7 pm

Answer:

1. on
2. on
3. for
4. during
5. at
6. at

Being Safe Additional Question

I. Choose the correct Synonyms for the italic word.

Question 1.
The river Vatar bifurcates into two and merges again.
(a) divides
(b) separates
(c) joins
(d) mixes
Answer:
(c) joins

Question 2.
His knowledge always amuses him.
(a) entertains
(b) bores
(c) annoys
(d) guides
Answer:
(a) entertains

Question 3.
He always spends his vacation here.
(a) leave
(b) holiday
(c) journey
(d) tour
Answer:
(b) holiday

Question 4.
“Grandpa! I’m feeling exhausted’
(a) energetic
(b) refreshed
(c) replenished
(d) very tired
Answer:
(d) very tired

Question 5.
Medicines should be kept a locked cabinet.
(a) room
(b) box
(c) cupboard
(d) trunks
Answer:
(c) cupboard

Question 6.
You need to be very careful as the Sun is scorching.
(a) freezing
(b) mild
(c) burning
(d) cold
Answer:
(c) burning

Question 7.
Pills and syrups should be kept in their original containers.
(a) tanks
(b) chambers
(c) boxes
(d) cradles
Answer:
(c) boxes

Question 8.
Hazardous automotive should be secured and kept locked.
(a) safe
(b) dangerous
(c) secure
(d) certain
Answer:
(b) dangerous

Question 9.
Tell an adult if you’re feeling giddy or nauseated.
(a) healthy
(b) charmed
(c) settled
(d) sickening
Answer:
(d) sickening

Question 10.
A first aid kit should have an emergency instruction inside it.
(a) question
(b) confusion
(c) information
(d) desire
Answer:
(c) information

II. Choose the correct Antonyms for the italic word.

Question 1.
The Grandfather is very concerned.
(a) worried
(b) anxious
(c) unconcerned
(d) troubled
Answer:
(c) unconcerned

Question 2.
We should always follow road safety rules strictly.
(a) sternly
(b) severely
(c) harshly
(d) leniently
Answer:
(d) leniently

Question 3.
Take breaks by going indoors or moving to places with shade.
(a) inside
(b) outdoors
(c) upcountry
(d) interiror
Answer:
(b) outdoors

Question 4.
We shall protect ourselves from dangerous
(a) save
(b) damage
(c) guard
(d) keep
Answer:
(b) damage

Question 5.
Do not post your personal information in the social media.
(a) general
(b) intimate
(c) private
(d) secret
Answer:
(a) general

Question 6.
We should store all medicines out of the reach of children.
(a) accumulate
(b) reserve
(c) keep
(d) discard
Answer:
(d) discard

Question 7.
Pills and syrups should be kept in their original containers.
(a) fake
(b) beginning
(c) primary
(d) new
Answer:
(a) fake

Question 8.
Hazardous products should be secured and kept locked.
(a) gained
(b) found
(c) lost
(d) succeed
Answer:
(c) lost

Question 9.
Medicines should be kept in a locked cabinet.
(a) closed
(b) sealed
(c) open
(d) fastened
Answer:
(c) open

Question 10.
You should use it in the presence of an adult.
(a) attendance
(b) absence
(c) appearance
(d) existance
Answer:
(b) absence

III. Choose the Correct Answer (MCQ)

Question 1.
Prasanth lives with his parents in ______
(a) Thanjavur
(b) Tiruchirapalli
(c) Salem
(d) Erode
Answer:
(b) Tiruchirapalli

Question 2.
His grandfather was a retired ______ employee.
(a) state government
(b)bank
(c) central government
(d) private company
Answer:
(c) central government

Question 3.
We can take him out to play in the______
(a) garden
(b) park
(c) fields
(d) beach
Answer:
(C) fields

Question 4.
We always them strictly______
(a) chase
(b) follow
(c) ignore
(d) disagree
Answer:
(b) follow

Question 5.
Road safety rules are for our ______
(a) good
(b) welfare
(c) care
(d) safety
Answer:
(d) safety

Question 6.
Grandpa bought it last week in______
(a) Mumbai
(b) Salem
(c) Chennai
(d) Delhi
Answer:
(c) Chennai

Question 7.
I heard it works like a______ computer.
(a) super
(b) real
(c) good
(d) modern
Answer:
(a) super

Question 8.
It is verv useful for my______ too.
(a) work
(b) project
(c) service
Answer:
(b) project

Question 9.
Medicines should be kept in a cabinet.
(a) locked
(b) closed
(c) opened
(d) enclosed
Answer:
(a) locked

Question 10.
We can talk more
(a) next week
(b) next month
(c) evening
(d) tommorrow
Answer:
(d) tommorrow

IV. Short Questions with Answers.

Question 1.
Point out two safety measures to be followed at home?
Answer:
We should learn to put things back in their respective places after using them. Care should be taken not to play with scissors, knives, etc.

Question 2.
According to Mani’s mother when is the temperature of the Sun very hot?
Answer:
According to Mani’s mother, the temperature of the Sun is very hot between 10 a.m. and 3 p.m.

Question 3.
Which should be followed very strictly?
Answer:
“The rules of the Road Safety’ should be followed very strictly by everyone.

Question 4.
What is meant by ‘Sunstroke’?
Answer:
Sunstroke is the heatstroke brought about by excessive exposure to the Sun.

Question 5.
How could we use medicines safely?
Answer:
We should store all medicines out of sight and reach of children. They should be stored in their original containers.

V. Paragraph Question with Answer.

Question 1.
What did grandfather tell about the safety measures, to be followed at home?
Answer:
Grandfather told that the children should learn to put things back in their respective places after using them. They should not play with knives and scissors. He also told them about the safety measures to be followed while using the internet. He asked them not to post their personal information, photos, vacation plans etc., in the social media. All the medicines should be stored out of sight and reach of children. Medicines, dangerous automotive and gardening products should be secured and kept locked. A first aid kit is a must in every household.

Being Safe Grammar Additional

Modal Verbs

I. Use suitable modals.

1. ______ you nlease lend me vour book?
2. ______ you mind closing the window?
3. ______ I leave the room?
4. ______ we 20 for a movie?
5. ______ you please give me the window seat?
6. ______ you mind moving a little?
7. ______ you buy this medicine for me?
8. ______ you spare a little time for me?
9. ______ I come in?
10. ______ you mind taking care of my pet for sometime?

Answer:

1. Could
2. Would
3. May
4. Shall
5. Could
6. Would
7. Could
8. Could
9. May
10. Would

II. Frame questions with modals like shall, can, would, could, should, may for the following situations.

Question 1.
Ask your friend for an address.
Answer:
Could you guide me to this address?

Question 2.
Permission to borrow your friend’s car.
Answer:
May I borrow your car?

Question 3.
Permission to enter the classroom.
Answer:
May I come in ?

Question 4.
Offer a drink or beverage.
Answer:
Would you like a cup of coffee ?

Question 5.
Express a possibility.
Answer:
I may be late by half an hour.

Prepositions

I. Fill in the blanks with the correct Prepositions.

1. Get me a cup _______ coffee.
2. She ran _______ the finals and won the first prize.
3. Ravi liked _______ paint cartoons.
4. If s alwavs dark _______ this room.
5. We visit our relatives _____ the weekends.
6. All of them stayed for the function ______ 9 p.m.
7. I met mv old friend ________ the party.

Answer:

1. of
2. in
3. to
4. in
5. during
6. till
7. at

Warm up

Being Safe Summary

Section – I
This lesson is about ‘Safety Awareness’. Prasanth lived with his parents in Tiruchirappalli. In the summer he visits his grandparents in Nagathi, a river island in Thanjavur District. The village is always evergreen with mighty trees and landscapes. Prasanth always spends his vacation there, with his grandfather and his friends.

His grandfather was a retired central government employee. As he travelled to many parts of India, his knowledge amused Prasanth. He came to visit his grandfather just then. His friends came home to play with him. Grandfather gave them some tips, for their safety. He told how careful they should be while crossing the road. They should walk on the right hand side of the road against the traffic. While crossing the road, they should first look right, left and then again right. They should never use a cell phone, while walking on the road. Road safety rules are for our safety. We should follow it strictly.

A. State whether the following statements are true or false.

1. Prasanth had gone to bring coffee to his friends.
2. Grandpa was so angry seeing Prasanths friends.
3. Prasanths friend came on by walk.
4. Teacher had taught about the rules of road saftety.

Answer:

1. False
2. False
3. True
4. True

Section – II
Prasanths friends told him that they have come to play under the shade of the big Neem Tree. Grandfather warned them to be careful, as the sun is extremely hot. Mani informed Grandfather that his mother had told him not to roam in the sunlight between 10 a.m. and 3 p.m., as it was very hot. Prasanth’s Grandfather also instructed them to put on the sunscreen 15 to 20 minutes, before going out to avoid sunburn. They may also get sunstroke, when the body cannot cool itself fast. They should tell an adult if they’re feeling hot, have a headache, feeling giddy or nauseated. He also
advised them to be ‘street smart’, when they go out to play.

A. Fill in the blanks.

1. They had come to play under the shade of big _______
2. We should put on _______ to avoid sun burn.
3.  _______ is a more serious health related illness.
4. Mani’s mother had instructed him not to roam in sunlight between _______ and _______
5. Street smart means _______

Answer:

1. Neem tree
2. the sunscreen
3. Sun stroke
4. 10 a.m. and 3 p.m.
5. the knowledge to be with difficulties and dangers

Section – III

Ravi asked grandfather about the safety measures to be practised at home. So grandfather told them that they should learn to put things back in their respective places after using them. They should not play with knives and scissors. He also told them about the safety.measures to be followed while using the internet. He asked them not to post their personal information, photos, vacation plans etc., in the social media. the medicines should be stored out of sight and reach of children. Medicines,
dangerous automotive and gardening products should be secured and kept locked. A first aid kit is a must in every household. The children thanked grandfather for guiding them and giving his valuable advice on “Safety Awareness”.

Students can Download English Poem 1 Special Hero Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 8th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 8th English Solutions Term 3 Poem Chapter 1 Special Hero

Special Hero Poem 8th Standard Read And Understand

B. Find a line from the poem to match the statements given below and write it in the blank.

1. He always saves me from harm ________
2. I am so lucky to get you ________
3. The affection between us has no end ________

Answer:

1. “keeping me safe from harm”
2. “How did I get so lucky. You were the Dad chosen for me”.
3. “Our love is everlasting”

C. Answer the following questions.

Special Hero Poem Question 1.
Who is the speaker?
Answer:
The poet Christina M. Kerschen is the speaker.

Special Hero Poem Questions And Answers Question 2.
Who is the special hero mentioned in the poem?
Answer:
The poet’s father is the special hero mentioned in the poem.

Special Hero Question Answer Question 3.
How did the child feel when it was hold by its dad?
Answer:
The child felt the love and kindness of her father. She felt that she was safe from harm. Seems it was sent to me From someplace up above.

Special Hero Poem Lines In English Question 4.
What do the above lines mean?
Answer:
The above lines means that the poet’s father is sent to her from heaven.

Special Hero Poem Summary Question 5.
What did the child want to tell its dad?
Answer:
The child wanted to tell her dad that he was her special hero.

D. Work in pairs and answer the questions below.

8th English Poem Question 1.
“There is something special about a father’s love”.
Identify the alliteration in the given lines.
Answer:
something – special are the alliterated words in the given lines.

Special Hero Question 2.
Pick out the rhyming word from the poem.
Answer:
see – me; love – above; know – so are the rhyming words.

Writing

E. Write a paragraph on the father’s love as described in the poem.
Answer:
The poet describes her father’s love in this poem. When she was a baby, he held her in his arms. She felt his love and kindness. He always kept her safe from harm. She saw his love for her in his eyes. She said that she was lucky that he was the dad chosen for her. There was something special about her father’s love. He was sent to her from heaven. She wanted him to know that their love lasts forever. She also wanted to tell him that he was her special hero.

Special Hero Additional Questions

I. Poem Comprehension – Additional

8th Standard English Poem Question 1.
I felt the love and tenderness
keeping me safe from harm

(a) Who felt the love and tenderness?
Answer:
The poet felt the love and tenderness of her father.

(b) What did he keep her safe?
Answer:
He kept her safe from harm.

(c) What do you mean by‘tenderness’?
Answer:
‘Tenderness’ means “Gentleness and kindness”.

Special Hero Poem Rhyming Words Question 2.
How did I get so lucky,
You were the dad chosen for me

(a) Who was lucky?
Answer:
The poet was lucky.

(b) Why was she lucky?
Answer:
She was lucky because he was the dad chosen for her.

(c) Is the poet excited about her father’s love?
Answer:
Yes, she is excited and feels lucky to get a Dad like him.

II. Poetic Devices.

8th English Special Hero Question Answer Question 1.
Seems it was sent to me from someplace up above
Pick out the alliterated words?
Answer:
Seems – sent are alliterated words.

Special Hero Poem Question Answer Question 2.
I just wanted you to know
That you’re my special hero
and I wanted to tell you so.
Pick out the rhyming words.
Answer:
know – so are the rhyming words.

Warm Up

What are the sacrifices made by your father for your family.

Special Hero Poem Summary In English By Christina M Kerschen

The poem is about the father’s love towards a child. The poet describes her father’s love and care towards her. When she was a baby, he held her in his arms. She felt his love and kindness. He always kept her safe from harm. She was able to experience his love for her in his eyes. She felt that she was lucky that he was the dad chosen for her. There was something special about the father’s love. She thought that he was sent to her from heaven. She just wanted him to know that their love lasts forever. She wanted to tell him that he was her special hero.

You can Download Samacheer Kalvi 8th Science Book Solutions Guide Pdf, Tamilnadu State Board help you to revise the complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 8th Science Solutions Term 1 Chapter 1 Measurement

Samacheer Kalvi 8th Science Measurement Text Book Exercises

I. Choose the best answer

8th Standard Science Measurement Lesson Question Answer Question 1.
Which one the following system of units is the British System of unit?
(a) CGS
(b) MKS
(c) FPS
(d) SI
Answer:
(c) FPS

Samacheer Kalvi 8th Science Solutions Term 1 Chapter 1 Measurement Question 2.
Electric current belongs to …………… quantities
(a) Base
(b) Supplementary
(c) Derived
(d) professional
Answer:
(a) Base

Measurement Lesson 8th Standard Question 3.
SI unit of temperature is
(a) Celsius
(b) Fahrenheit
(c) kelvin
(d) Ampere
Answer:
(c) kelvin

UP

8th Science Measurement Question 4.
Amount of substance is
(a) Directly proportional to the number of atoms
(b) Inversely proportional to the number of atoms
(c) Directly proportional to the square of number of atoms
(d) Inversely proportional to the square of number of atoms
Answer:
(a) directly proportional to the number of atoms

8th Standard Science Measurement Question 5.
Luminous intensity is the intensity of
(a) Laser light
(b) UV light
(c) Visible light
(d) IR light
Answer:
(c) visible light

Measurement 8th Science Question 6.
Which one of the following devices is used to measure electric current
Answer:

8th Science Measurement Question Answer Question 7.
SI unit stands for
(a) International system of units
(b) Integrated System of units
(c) International symbol of units
(d) Integrated symbol of units
Answer:
(a) International system of units

Measurement Book Back Answer Question 8.
Closeness of two or more measured values is called as
(a) Accuracy
(b) Precision
(c) Error
(d) Approximation
Answer:
(b) Precision

UP

Science Measurement Lesson Question Answer Question 9.
Quantities other than base quantities are called as
(a) Supplementary quantities
(b) Derived quantities
(c) Professional quantities
(d) Energy quantities
Answer:
(b) Derived quantities

8th Standard Measurement Lesson Question Answer Question 10.
Which of the following statements about approximation is wrong?
(a) Approximation gives accurate value.
(b) Approximation simplifies the calculation.
(c) Approximation is very useful when little information is available.
(d) Approximation gives the nearest value only.
Answer:
(a) Approximation gives accurate value.

II. Fill in the blanks

1. The solid angle is measured in ……………
2. …………….. recognized the need of ‘Standard Units’ for physical quantities.
3. The coldness or hotness of a substance is expressed by ……………..
4. …………….. is used to measure electric current.
5. ……………… of substance, contains 6.023 x 10⁺²³ atoms or molecules.
6. Luminous Intensity is the amount of visible light, that is emitted in unit area per unit …………….
7. Quartz clock uses …………….. oscillations.
8. The uncertainty in measurement is called as …………….
9. ……………… is the closeness of the measured value to the original value.
10. The intersection of two straight lines gives us ……………….

Answer:

1. Steradian
2. Scientists
3. Temperature
4. Ammeter
5. One mole
6. Solid angle
7. Electronic
8. Error
9. Accuracy
10. plane angle

III. True or False

8th Standard Measurement Lesson Question 1.
SI units are metric system of units.
Answer:
True

Samacheer Kalvi 8th Science Book Solutions Question 2.
Temperature is a measure of total kinetic energy of the particles in a system.
Answer:
False
Correct statement:
Temperature is a measure of average kinetic energy of the particles in a system.

8th Standard Science Measurement Lesson Question 3.
In thermometers, freezing point of water is taken as the Upper Fixed Point.
Answer:
False
Correct statement:
In thermometers, boiling point of water is taken as the Upper Fixed Point.

Measurement Question Answer Question 4.
One coulomb of charge flowing per minute is called ‘ampere’.
Answer:
False
Correct statement:
One coulomb of charge flowing per second is called ‘ampere’.

UP

Measurement 8th Class Question 5.
Amount of substance gives the number of particles present in the substance.
Answer:
True

Measurement Question And Answer Question 6.
Intensity of light from a candle is approximately equal to one ‘candela’.
Answer:
True

Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Measurement Question 7.
Angle formed at the top of a cone is an example of ‘Plane Angle’.
Answer:
True

8th Measurement Question 8.
Quartz clocks are used in GPS Devices.
Answer:
False
Correct statement:
Atomic clocks are used in GPS Devices.

8th Science Measurement Book Back Answers Question 9.
Candela is used to express electric field intensity.
Answer:
False
Correct statement:
Candela is used to express luminous intensity.

Measurement Lesson Question Answer Question 10.
The number 4.582 can be rounded off as 4.58.
Answer:
True

IV. Match the following

Answer:

1. b
2. e
3. d
4. a
5. c

V. Assertion & Reason

Question 1.
Direction: Mark the correct choice as

(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) Assertion is true, but reason is false.
(d) Assertion is false, but reason is true.

Question 1.
Assertion : The SI system of units is the suitable system for measurements.
Reason : The SI unit of temperature is kelvin.
Answer:
(b) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion
Correct explanation :
In SI system the units are precisely defined and have the same value everywhere.

UP

Question 2.
Assertion : Electric current, amount of substance, Luminous Intensity are the fundamental physical quantities.
Reason : They are independent of each other.
Answer:
(a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of the assertion

Question 3.
Assertion : The seconds hand of a clock is having least count of one second.
Reason : Least count is the maximum measurement that can be measured accurately by an instrument.
Answer:
(c) Assertion is true, but reason is false
Correct explanation :
Least count is the minimum measurement that can be measured accurately by an instrument.

Question 4.
Assertion : Avogadro’s number is the number of atoms in one mole of substance.
Reason : Avogadro’s number is a constant.
Answer:
(a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of the assertion

Question 5.
Assertion : Radian is the unit of solid angle.
Reason : One radian is the angle subtended at the centre of a circle by an arc of length equal to its radius.
Answer:
(d) Assertion is false, but reason is true]
Correct explanation :
Radian is the unit of plane angle.

VI. Answer in a word or two (Very Short Answer)

Question 1.
What is the unit of mass in FPS system?
Answer:
Pound.

Question 2.
How many base quantities are included in SI system?
Answer:
Seven.

Question 3.
Give the name of the instrument used for the measurement of temperature.
Answer:
Thermometer.

UP

Question 4.
What is the ‘Lower Fixed Point’ of the Fahrenheit scale?
Answer:
32°F.

Question 5.
What is the SI unit of Luminous Intensity?
Answer:
Candela (cd).

Question 6.
What is the value of Avogadro’s number?
Answer:
6.023 x 1023.

Question 7.
What type of oscillations are used in atomic clocks?
Answer:
Periodic vibrations.

Question 8.
Mention the types of clocks based on their display.
Answer:
Analog clock and digital clock.

Question 9.
How many times will the ‘minute hand’ rotate in one hour?
Answer:
One time.

Question 10.
How many hours are there in a minute?
Answer:
60 minutes = 1 hr
1 minute = \(\frac { 1 }{ 60 }\) = 0.0167 hours.

VII. Answer the Questions given below (Short Answer)

Question 1.
What is measurement?
Answer:
Measurement is the process of finding an unknown physical quantity by using a standard quantity.

Question 2.
Name some common systems of measurement.
Answer:
Some common systems of units are:

1. FPS – System (Foot for length, Pound for mass and Second for time)
2. CGS – System (Centimetre for length, Gram for mass and Second for time)
3. MKS – System (Metre for length, Kilogram for mass and Second for time)

Question 3.
Define – Temperature.
Answer:
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a system.

Question 4.
Define – ampere.
Answer:
One ampere is defined as one ‘coulomb’ of charge moving in a conductor in one second.

UP

Question 5.
What is electric current?
Answer:
The magnitude of an electric current is the amount of electric charges flowing through a conductor in one second.

Question 6.
What is luminous Intensity?
Answer:
The measure of the power of the emitted light, by a light source in a particular direction, per unit solid angle is called as luminous intensity.

Question 7.
Define – mole.
Answer:
Mole is defined as the amount of substance, which contains 6.023 x 10²³ entities.

Question 8.
What are the differences between Plane angle and solid angle?
Answer:
Difference between Plane Angle and Solid Angle:
Plane Angle:

• Angle between the intersection of two lines or planes.
• It is two dimensional
• Unit is radian.

Solid Angle:

• Angle between the intersection of three or more planes at a common point.
• It is three dimensional.
• Unit is steradian.

Question 9.
What are errors?
Answer:
The value of every measurement contains some uncertainty. These uncertainties are called as ‘Errors’.

VIII. Answer in detail

Question 1.
List out the base quantities with their units.
Answer:
Base Quantities and Units:

Question 2.
Write a short note on different types of clocks.
Answer:
Types of clocks based on display:

1. Analog clocks
2. Digital clocks

1. Analog clocks:
It looks like a classic clock. It has three hands to show the time.

• Hours Hand : It is short and thick. It shows ‘hour’.
• Minutes Hand : It is long and thin. It shows ‘minute’.
• Seconds Hand : It is long and very thin. It shows ‘second’. It makes one rotation in one minute and 60 rotations in one hour.
  Analog clocks can be driven either mechanically or electronically.

2. Digital clocks:

• A digital clock displays the time directly. It shows the time in numerals or other
  symbols. It may have a 12 hours or 24 hours display.
• Recent clocks are showing Date, Day, Month, Year, Temperature etc.
• Digital clocks are often called as Electronic Clocks.

Différent types of clocks based on working mechanism:

1. Quartz Clock:

• These clocks are activated by ‘electronic oscillations’, which are controlled by a ‘quartz crystal’.
• The frequency of a vibrating crystal is very precise. So, the quartz clock is more accurate than the mechanical clock.
• These clocks have an accuracy of one second in every 10⁹ seconds.

2. Atomic Clock:

• These clocks are making use of periodic vibrations occurring within the atom.
• These clocks have an accuracy of one second in every 10b seconds.
• Atomic clocks are used in Global Positioning System (GPS), Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) and International time distribution services.

IX. Higher Order Thinking Question

Question 1.
Your friend was absent yesterday. You are enquiring about his absence. He told, he was affected by a fever of 100°C and went to a hospital for treatment. Is it possible of 100°C fever? If it is wrong, try to make him to understand his mistake.
Answer:

• No. It is not possible of 100°C fever. The normal temperature of human body is between 98.4°F and 98.6°F.
• So, he should say that, he was affected by a fever of 100°F and it is not 100°C.

Samacheer Kalvi 8th Science Solutions Measurement Additional Questions

I. Choose the correct answer

Question 1.
The SI unit of length is the ……………….
(a) Millimetre
(b) Centimetre
(c) Metre
(d) kilometre
Answer:
(c) Metre

Question 2.
The magnitude of a physical quantity consists of ……………..
(a) A unit
(b) A number and a unit
(c) A number
(d) Unit and its symbol
Answer:
(b) A number and a unit

Question 3.
The SI unit of mass is ……………..
(a) Milligram
(b) Gram
(c) Quintal
(d) kilogram
Answer:
(d) kilogram

UP

Question 4.
Among the following, which is not an metric system?
(a) CGS
(b) MKS
(c) FPS
(d) SI
Answer:
(c) FPS

Question 5.
……………. is a physical quantity that expresses the degree of hotness or coldness of a substance.
(a) Electric current
(b) Luminous intensity
(c) Temperature
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(c) Temperature

II. Fill in the Blanks

1. ……………… is the process of finding an unknown physical quantity by using a standard quantity.
2. The CGS, MKS and SI units are system of units.
3. FPS is a …………… system of units.
4. Temperature is a measure of the average ……………. of the particles in a system
5. Melting point of pure ice (0° C) is taken as ……………… fixed point.

Answer:

1. Measurement
2. Metric
3. British
4. kinetic energy
5. Lower

III. True or False – if false give the correct statement

Question 1.
The unit of length in FPS system is foot.
Answer:
True.

Question 2.
The unit of mass in CGS system is kilogram.
Answer:
False
Correct statement:
The unit of mass in CGS system is gram.

Question 3.
Heat is a physical quantity that expresses the degree of hotness or coldness of a substance.
Answer:
False
Correct statement:
Temperature is a physical quantity that expresses the degree of hotness or coldness of a substance.

Question 4.
Heat removed from a substance will lower its temperature.
Answer:
True

Question 5.
In thermometers, boiling point of water (100° C) is taken as upper fixed point.
Answer:
True.

UP

Question 6.
Normal temperature of the human body is between 98.4° C and 98.6° C.
Answer:
False
Correct statement:
Normal temperature of the human body is between 98.4° F and 98.6° F.

Question 7.
Voltmeter is a device used to measure electric current.
Answer:
False
Correct statement:
Ammeter is a device used to measure electric current.

Question 8.
The super conductors are used to levitate trains from the track.
Answer:
True

IV. Match the following

Question 1.

Answer:

1. c
2. e
3. d
4. b
5. a

Question 2.

Answer:

1. c
2. e
3. b
4. a
5. d

V. Assertion and Reason.

Question 1.
Mark the correct choice as:
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) If the assertion is true, but the reason is false.
(d) If the assertion is false, but the reason is true.

Question 1.
Assertion : The SI unit of temperature is kelvin.
Reason : Thermometers are calibrated with some standard scales like Celsius, fahrenheit and kelvin.
Answer:
(b) Both assertion and reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion

Question 2.
Assertion : Temperature is a physical quantity.
Reason : Temperature is the degree of hotness or coldness of a body.
Answer:
(a) Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion

Question 3.
Assertion : Radian is the angle subtended at the centre of a circle by an arc whose length is equal to the radius of the circle.
Reason : 1 radian = \(\frac { 180 }{ π }\)
Answer:
(a) Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion

VII. Very short Answers

Question 1.
What is physics?
Answer:
Physics is the study of nature and natural phenomena.

Question 2.
Name the British system of units.
Answer:
FPS system.

Question 3.
How many base quantities are there?
Answer:
Seven.

UP

Question 4.
What is the symbol for unit of electric current?
Answer:
A (ampere).

Question 5.
Mention the SI unit of luminous flux.
Answer:
Lumen.

VII. Short Answers

Question 1.
Mention the SI unit & symbol of temperature.
Answer:

1. The SI unit of Temperature is kelvin.
2. It’s symbol is ‘K’.

Question 2.
Write any 2 applications of various thermometric scales.
Answer:

1. Physicians use ‘clinical thermometers’. It is graduated in ‘Fahrenheit Scale’
2. Scientists are using thermometers with kelvin scale.

UP

Question 3.
Define electric current. Write its formula and unit.
Answer:
1. The magnitude of an electric current is the amount of electric charges flowing through a conductor in one second.
Electric current = \(\frac { Amount of electric charges (Q) }{ time (t) }\)
I = \(\frac { Q }{ t}\)

2. SI unit of electric current is ‘ampere’ and it is denoted as A.

Question 4.
Define super conductors.
Answer:
At very low temperature, around 30 K (-243.2° C), some conductors conduct electric current without any loss. These conductors are known as ‘SUPER CONDUCTORS’.

Question 5.
Define amount of substance. Mention its SI unit and symbol.
Answer:

1. Amount of substance is a measure of the number of entities (particles) present in a substance.
2. The SI unit of amount of substance is mole and it is denoted as ‘mol’.

Question 6.
What is luminous intensity? Mention its SI unit and symbol.
Answer:

1. The measure of the power of the emitted light, by a light source in a particular direction, per unit solid angle is called as luminous intensity.
2. The SI unit of luminous intensity is candela and is denoted as ‘cd’.

UP

Question 7.
What are the rules for rounding off a number?
Answer:
Rules for rounding off:

1. Decide which is the last digit to keep.
2. Leave it the same, if the next digit is less than 5.
3. Increase it by one, if the next digit is 5 or greater than 5.

Question 8.
Define one light year.
Answer:
One light year is defined as the distance travelled by light in vacuum during the period of one year. 1 light year = 9.46 x 10¹⁵m

VIII. Long Answers

Question 1.
Write a note on accuracy and precision.
Answer:
Accuracy in Measurements:

1. Measurement is the base of all experiments in science and technology. The value of every measurement contains some uncertainty. These uncertainties are called as ‘Errors’.

2. The difference between the real value and the observed value is called an error.

• Accuracy : Accuracy is the closeness of a measured value to the actual value or true value.
• Precision : Precision is the closeness of two or more measurements to each other.

Question 2.
Explain the Greenwich mean time.
Answer:

1. Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) is the mean solar time at the Royal Observatory, located at Greenwich in London.
2. It is measured at the longitude of zero degree.
3. The Earth is divided into 24 zones, each of a width of 15 degree longitude.
4. These regions are called as ‘Time Zones’. Time difference between two adjacent time zones is 1 hour.

Question 3.
Write a note on approximation.
Answer:

1. Approximation is the process of finding a number, which is acceptably close to the exact value of the measurement of a physical quantity.
2. It is an estimation of a number obtained by rounding off a number to its nearest place value.
3. When the data are inadequate, physicists are in need of an approximation to find the solution for problems.
4. Approximations are usually based on certain assumptions having a scientific background and they can be modified whenever accuracy is needed.

IX. Complete the given table

Answer:

(i) 0° C
(ii) 100
(iii) 212° F
(iv) 373 K
(v) 100

X. Problems for practice

Question 1.
Convert 36° C into kelvin.
Solution:
K = C + 273
= 36 + 273
= 309 K

Question 2.
Convert 100 K into Celsius.
Solution:
C = K – 273
C = 100 – 273
= -173° C

UP

Question 3.
When 5 coulomb of charge, flows through a circuit for 20 seconds. Calculate the current?
Given: Charge Q = 5 C
Time t = 20 s

Solution:
I = \(\frac { Q }{ t }\) = \(\frac { 5}{ 20 }\) = 0.25 A
I = 0.25 A

Question 4.
Convert 90° C into radian.
Given: i = \(\frac { π }{ 180° }\)

Question 5.
Round off the number 5.323 to two decimal places.
Answer:
Step : 1 Identify the last digit to be kept. 2 is the last digit to be kept.
Step : 2 The following digit, (i.e.) 3 is less than 5. SI retain 2 as 2.
∴ The answer is 5.32.

Students can Download English Lesson 1 The Woman on Platform 8 Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 8th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 8th English Solutions Term 3 Supplementary Chapter 1 The Woman on Platform 8

Read And Understand

Answer the following questions.

The Woman On Platform 8 Questions And Answers Question 1.
Where was Arun sitting?
Answer:
Arun was sitting on platform no. 8 at Ambala station.

The Woman On Platform 8 Book Back Answers Question 2.
What was the expected time of train’s arrival?
Answer:
The expected time of the trains arrival was at twelve o’clock midnight.

The Woman On Platform 8 Question 3.
What were the sight Arun had seen on the platform?
Answer:
Arun saw a tide of people, the cries of various vendors and the newspaper boy.

The Woman On Platform 8 Question Answer Question 4.
What did the vendors sell?
Answer:
The vendor sold curds, lemons, sweet meat and newspapers.

The Woman On Platform 8 Answer Question 5.
How did the woman appear?
Answer:
The woman had a pale face and dark kind eyes. She wore no jewels and was dressed very simple in a white saree.

8th English The Woman On Platform 8 Question 6.
Where was Arun travelling to?
Answer:
Arun was travelling to his boarding school.

The Woman On Platform 8 One Word Answer Question 7.
What did the woman buy for him?
Answer:
The woman bought samosas and jalebies. She also ordered tea for Arun.

The Woman On Platform No 8 Question Answer Question 8.
What was the advise of Sathish’s mother?
Answer:
Sathish’s mother advised Arun not to talk to strangers and to be very careful of them.

8th English The Woman On Platform 8 Question Answer Question 9.
What were the Arun’s last words?
Answer:
Aruns last words were “Goodbye – mother”.

Supplementary The Woman On Platform 8 Question 10.
What was the reaction of the woman at the end?
Answer:
When Satish’s mother was talking, she did not listen to her. But she was looking at Arun, as the train moved.

Step To Success

Sentence Rearrangement Common Example.

A. Miss Sullivan arrived at the Keller home when Helen was seven.
B. The deaf and blind Helen learned to communicate verbally.
C. But, eventually, Miss Sullivan’s effort was rewarded.
D. Before Helen Keller was two years old, she lost her sight and her hearing.
E. Miss Sullivan worked closely with Helen, her new student.
F. At times the teacher became frustrated.
1. DEFACB
2. DAEFCB
3. ACFDEB
4. CFDABE
5. FDACEB
Answer:
2. DAEFCB

Connecting To Self
Think you are in the following situation and write what would you do and why?
Answer:

The Woman on Platform 8 Additional Questions

I. Choose the right answer (MCQ):

The Woman On Platform 8 Pdf Question 1.
I think I was about ______ at the time.
(a) ten
(b) eleven
(c) twelve
(d) thirteen
Answer:
(c) twelve

The Woman On Platform 8 Notes Question 2.
Trolleys rolled past me and I was conscious of the cries of the various ______
(a) vendors
(b) people
(c) children
(d) sellers
Answer:
(a) vendors

The Woman On Platform 8 Choose The Best Answer Question 3.
She wore no jewels and was dressed very ______ in a white saree.
(a) plain
(b) grandly
(c) elegantly
(d) simply
Answer:
(d) simply

The Woman On Platform 8 Summary Question 4.
She took me into the station ______ and ordered tea.
(a) dinini-room
(b) cafe
(c) stall
(d) counter
Answer:
(a) dinini-room

The Woman On Platform 8 Match The Following Question 5.
The strange encounter had little effect on my ______
(a) hunger
(b) appetite
(c) desire
(d) anxiety
Answer:
(b) appetite

The Woman On Platform 8 Mind Map Question 6.
I began to talk quite ______
(a) elaborately
(b) softly
(c) simply
(d) freely
Answer:
(d) freely

The Women On Platform 8 Question 7.
I did not ask her where she ______
(a) stayed
(b) landed
(c) lived
(d) started
Answer:
(c) lived

Question 8.
I caught her fingers and ______ up at her
(a) stared
(b) glanced
(c) looked
(d) glared
Answer:
(c) looked

Question 9.
I was unable to ______ a word.
(a) tall
(b) utter
(c) pronounce
(d) speak
Answer:
(d) speak

Question 10.
Satish’s mother did most of the ______
(a) talking
(b)work
(c) task
(d) acting
Answer:
(a) talking

II. Identify the character / speaker:

1. “Are you all alone, my son”.
2. “Yes, I am going to school”.
3. “I had to change trains Anyway, I can travel alone”.
4. “And how long do you have to wait for your train?”
5. “Hello Arun! The train’s coming in late, as usual”.
6. “I am glad to know that”
7. “Yes I am Aron’s mother”
8. “These days one has to be very careful of strangers”.
9. “Here it comes”.
10. “Goodbye – mother……”

Answer:

1. The woman
2. Arun
3. Arun
4. The woman
5. Satish
6. Satish’s mother
7. The woman
8. Satish’s mother
9. Satish
10. Arun

III. Give Very Short Answers :

Question 1.
How old was Arun?
Answer:
Arun was twelve years old.

Question 2.
When did-Arun arrive at-Ambala?
Answer:
Arun arrived early in the evening at Ambala.

Question 3.
On what did Arun sit down?
Answer:
Arun sat down on his suitcase.

Question 4.
How was the woman dressed? ”
Answer:
The woman was dressed in simple White saree

Question 5.
Why did Arun like tier?
Answer:
Arun liked her for the simplicity of her dress, for her deep soft voifce and calmness of her face.

Question 6.
How old was the woman?
Answer:
The woman was over thirty years.

Question 7.
What strengthened the bond between Arun and the woman?
Answer:
The food she bought for him, srengthened the bond between them,

Question 8.
Who ran across the rails?
Answer:
A boy leapt off the platform and ran across the rails.

Question 9.
Who was Satish?
Answer:
Satish was one of Aran’s friends.

Question 10.
Who accompanied Satish?
Answer:
Satish’s mother accompanied him.

IV. Short Answers:

Question 1.
What did Satish tel! about Arun to his mother?
Answer:
Satish told her that Aran was one of his friends and die best bowler in the dass.

Question 2.
Describe Satish’s mother.
Answer:
Satish’s mother was a large grand and impressive woman who wore spectades.

Question 3.
How did Arun contradict Satish’s mother?
Answer:
When Satish’s mother warned Aran to be careful of strangers, he said that he liked strangers.

Question 4.
What did Satish’s mother give to her son?
Answer:
Satish’s mother gaveTrim a bag of fruits, a cricketbat, and a big box of chocolates.

Question 5.
Where did Arun and Satish place themselves in the train?
Answer:
They picked up their suitcase and placed themselves at the open windows.

V. Rearrange the fumbled sentences :

Question A.
1. She ordered tea, samosas and jalebies.
2. I was a hungry school boy and ate as much as I could.
3. She took me into the station dining-room.
4. Atonce I began to thaw and takea new interest in this kind woman.
5. The strange encounter had little effect on my appetite.
Answer:
3. She took me into the station dining-room.
1. She ordered tea, samosas and jalebies.
4. At once I began to thaw and take a new interest in this kind woman.
5. The strange encounter had little effect on my appetite.
2. I was a hungry school boy and ate as much as I could.

Question B.
1. An engine was shunting up and down beside platform No.8.
2. As it approached, a boy leapt off the platform.
3. We began walking back along the platform.
4. He ran across the rails, taking a short cut to the next platform.
5. After about half-an-hour, we left the dining-room.
Answer:
5. After about half-an-hour, we left the dining-room.
3. We began walking back along the platform.
1. An engine was shunting up and down beside platform No.8.
2. As it approached, a boy leapt off the platform.
4. He ran across the rails, taking a short cut to the next platform

VI. Comprehension.

Read the following paragraph and answer the questions.

Question 1
Trolleys rolled past me and I was conscious ofthe cries ofthe various vendors-the men who ,sold curds and lemon, the sweet meat, seller, the newspaper boy- but I had lost interest in a that went on along the busy platform, and continued to stare across the railway tracks, feeling bored and a little lonely.

(a) What passed Aran?
Answer:
Trolleys passed Arun.

(b) What did the vendors sell?
Answer:
The vendors sold curd, lemons and sweet meat.

(c) What did Aran continue to do?
Answer:
Arun continued to stare across the railway tracks.

(d) How did he feel?
Answer:
He felt bored and lonely.

(e) What was Aran conscious of?
Answer:
Arun was conscious ofthe cries ofthe vendors.

Question 2.
she smiled gratefully at me and pressed my hand. We walked together in silence until we reached the place where I had left my suitcase, one of my school fellows, Satish, a boy of about my age, had turned up with his mother.

(a) Who smiled gratefully at Aran?
Answer:
The woman in white sari smiled gratefully at Arun.

(b) How did they walk?
Answer:
They walked together in silence.

(c) Who was Satish?
Answer:
Satish was one of Arun’s schoolfellows.

(d) Who came with Satish?
Answer:
Satish’s mother came along with him.

(e) Where did they leave the suitcase?
Answer:
They left the suitcase on the platform.

Question 3.
The train mowed slowly into the station, the engine hissing and sending out waves of steam. As it came to a stop, Satish jumped on the footboard ofa lighted cpmpartment and shouted,‘Come on, Arun, this one’s empty!’ and I picked up my suitcase and made a dash for the open door.

(a) How did the train move?
Answer:
The train moved slowly into the station.

(b) How did the engine enter the station?
Answer:
The engine was hissing and sending out waves of steam.

(c) What did Satish do?
Answer:
Satish jumped on the footboard of a lighted compartment.

(d) Who called out to Arun?
Answer:
Satish called out to Arun.

(e) What did Arun do?
Answer:
Arun picked up his suitcase and made a dash for the open door.

VII. Answer in Detail:

Question 1.
Describe the platform No. 8 at Ambala Station.
Answer:
Arun was waiting for his train on platform no. 8. He was browsing at the bookstall. When the train arrived, the platform looked like a hell. The people were shouting and agitating. As the carriage doors opened, a tide of people would sweep down upon the nervous little ticket collector at the gate. Arun would be caught in this rush and would be swept outside the statioil. There were trolleys, vendors selling various things like curd, lemon and sweet meat. There was also a boy selling newspapers on that busy platform.

The Woman on Platform 8 Summary

Section -I

The story starts with Arun of 12, waiting for his train scheduled at midnight at Ambala station on platform no. 8. He was travelling alone, as his parents considered him to be big enough to travel alone.

He was early at the station feeling bored, suddenly, a soft voice asked him if he is alone. He saw a woman with pale face and dark kind eyes, simply dressed in a white sari. He observed that she was poor, but had a dignity in her appearance.

She asked whether his parents have come to see him off. He replied he can travel alone. The woman agreed which made Arun instantly like her. She was simple and her deep voice and serenity was liked by Arun.

The woman asked about his name and his train. Then she took him to the canteen. She ordered tea, samosas and jalebies for him. Arun could not refuse. She questioned many things, but listened to him intently. All her kind and generous behavior made Arun forget that she was a stranger.

Sathish, one of Aruns school fellows, came to the station with his mother.

Section – II

They introduced each other. The woman addressed herself as Aruns mother without any hesitation. Sathish’s mother warned Arun to be careful of strangers. But Arun replied that he liked strangers which staggered her.

When the train came, they boarded. The woman took Aruns hand in her hands and smiled gently in an understanding way. Arun bade goodbye calling her “mother”. He gazed at the woman, till she got lost in the crowd.

Students can Download English lesson 1 Hobby – Turns A Successful Career Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 8th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf  helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 8th English Solutions Term 1 Prose Chapter 1 Hobby – Turns A Successful Career

Section – I

Read And Understand

A. Say true or false.

1. Mani’s hobby is playing cricket.
2. Hobbies are unique to people.
3. People have hobbies only to pass time.

Answer:

1. False
2. True
3. False

B. Choose the correct answer.

Hobby Turns Into A Successful Career Question 1.
Mani imagined a world with_______
(a) music and musicians
(b) Building and sculptures
(c) magic and magicians
Answer:
(c) magic and magicians

Hobby Turns A Successful Career Question 2.
When Mani started writing things, he was unable to_______
(a) describe them accurately
(b) describe them fluently
(c) describe them imaginatively
Answer:
(a) describe them accurately

Hobby Turns A Successful Career Question And Answer Question 3.
Mani feels writing is like_______
(a) painting the voice
(b) engraving the voice
(c) designing the voice
Answer:
(a) painting the voice

Section – II
Read And Understand

A. Say true or false.

1. Ajay Garg is an artist.
2. Asha Devi taught Ajay the miniature painting.
3. Ajay displayed 150 paintings.
4. Ajay was awarded by the Indian president Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam.

Answer:

1. True
2. True
3. True
4. True

B. Answer the following questions.

Hobby Turns Into A Successful Career Question And Answer Question 1.
What was Ajay gifted with?
Answer:
Ajay was gifted with a skill of painting.

Hobby Turns A Successful Career Book Back Answers Question 2.
How was he honoured?
Answer:
He was honoured by the Indian President Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam with a national award of accomplishment.

Hobby Turns A Successful Career Question Answer Question 3.
What did Ajay’s current goal?
Answer:
Ajay current goal was to re-energies the dying art of traditional Miniature Indian paintings.

8th English Hobby Turns A Successful Career Question 4.
Is Ajay’s hobby become a successful career? How?
Answer:
Yes, Ajay’s hobby has become a successful career because his work became popular all throughout India, the United States and the United Kingdom. He has also become the executive member of the ‘Deaf and Dumb’ Association in Rajasthan

Section – III

Read And Understand

A. Fill in the blanks.

1. Mani feels writing is like
2. Ajay mastered the techniques of
3. Ilavazhagi won her first match against

Answer:

1. Paintaing the voice
2. Prepare colours and brushes
3. Her father

B. Choose correct synonyms for the italic word.

Hobby Turns A Successful Career Summary Question 1.
Writing is a unique hobby.
(a) common
(b) beneficial
(c) uncommon
Answer:
(c) uncommon

Question 2.
Ajay started to paint happily.
(a) depressed
(b) joyfully
(c) unhappily
Answer:
(b) joy fully

Question 3.
Miniature paintings depict Indian culture.
(a) warp
(b) portray
(c) twist
Answer:
(b) portray

C. Choose correct antonyms for the italic word.

Question 1.
Ajay suffered an injury.
(a) sorrow
(b) endure
(c) hurt
Answer:
(b) endure

Question 2.
Ajay mastered the techniques of painting.
(a) skilled
(b) proficient
(c) unskilled
Answer:
(c) unskilled

Question 3.
Ilavazhagi won world championship in
(a) win
(b) succeed
(c) defeat
Answer:
(c) defeat

D. Answer the following questions in one or two sentences.

Question 1.
What happened to Ajay at the age of three?
Answer:
Ajay suffered an injury at the age of three. He was treated, but that treatment left him permanently deaf.

Question 2.
What did Asha Devi teach Ajay?
Answer:
Asha Devi taught Ajay the old and dying technique of ‘Traditional Indian Miniature Painting’.

Question 3.
Why writing is beneficial according to Mani?
Answer:
According to Mani, writing opens his mind to think beyond the little things with a broader mind. It makes him more passionate about his life, and learn new things.

E. Answer the following questions in 100 words.

Question 1.
How did Ajay’s father find his son’s talent?
Answer:
Ajay Kumar Garg’s childhood was going well, until he suffered an injury at the age of three. Ajay was treated, but that treatment left him permanently deaf. His parents tried many hospitals to cure his disability but it was useless. One day, his father bought him a paint set to play. Ajay started painting happily on the walls and floors. He looked happy, while using the paint set. Soon Ajay father realised that Ajay was talented in painting. When Ajay was five years, a court artist of Dholpur, Shri Sua Lai was impressed with Ajay’s work. He took Ajay with him and started training him.

Question 2.
Write note on Ilavazhagi.
Answer:
Ilavazhagi was one among the many to achieve their dream amidst all odds. Her father was a district level champion in carom. He used to put her on the Carom board to listen to the sound of strikers and coins. Her father took her to the local clubs frequently. When Ilavazhagi won her first match against her father, she gained confidence. This confidence led her to win the Asia Cup, SAARC Cup and the world championship. She won a lot of trophies. She won the 2008 Indian National Carom Championship and became a world champion in the women’s singles. Her passion for Carom made her succeed in life.

Vocabulary

Homophone

a. Pick out the correct homophone.

1. I am not ____ to drink soda, (aloud, allowed)
2. The wind _____ the leaves, (blue, blew)
3. I will _____ my friend, (meat, meet)
4. He will play the _____ in the second play, (role, roll)
5. I have_______movie before.(scene,seen)

Answer:

1. allowed
2. blew
3. meet
4. role
5. seen

b. Choose the correct homophone.

Question 1.
Every morning my father likes to look at the ______ on the grass
(a) due
(b) dew
Answer:
(b) dew

Question 2.
Chennai is the____ of Tamilnadu
(a) capitol
(b) capital
Answer:
(b) capital

Question 3.
Their words had a negative
(a) affect
(b) effect
Answer:
(b) effect

Question 4.
I was very last weekend because my friends made plans that
(a) bored
(b) board
Answer:
(a) bored

Question 5.
The cat caught the
(a) scent
(b) cent
Answer:
(a) scent

Abbreviation And Acronyms

(a) & (b) Expand the following:
Answer:

1.	GST	Goods and Services Tax.
2.	ECG	Electrocardiography
3.	ILO	International Labour Organization
4.	SCERT	State Council of Educational Research and Training
5.	IIT	Indian Institute of Technology
6.	ISRO	Indian Space Research Organisation
7.	FIR	First Information Report
8.	UNESCO	United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
9.	UNICEF	United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund
10	NASA	National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Listening

Questions on passage. (*Listening passage is given at the end of the third unit.)

Question 1.
What is philately?
Answer:
Stamp collecting hobby is known as philately.

Question 2.
What is numismatics?
Answer:
The hobby of collecting coins from different countries is known as numismatics.

Question 3.
Do you know where the rarest and the most beautiful shells are found?
Answer:
The rarest and the most beautiful shells are found in the Indo-Pacific, Caribbean and Mediterranean regions.

Question 4.
Painting can help unleash your creative side. How?
Answer:
Painting allows you to tap into the thoughts, desires and feelings in your head and translate them into something beautiful. It relaxes our mind and helps us to focus better.

Question 5.
What is your friend’s hobby? How does it differ from yours? Discuss and write.
Answer:
My friend’s hobby is web-browsing. It is different from my hobby of gardening. His hobby is an amazing hobby. We can learn about things that are thousands of kilometres away with just a few clicks. We can also share all the wonderful information with our friends.

Speaking

Role-play the conversation in the class.
Continue this conversation with your friends atleast five to ten dialogues each.
Answer:
Naveen : Hi Ajay! How are you?
Ajay : I am Fine, and what about you?
Naveen : I am fine too. What are you doing in this early morning?
Ajay : I am taking care of my garden. The garden is running to weeds.
Naveen : oh! What a beautiful garden it is !
Ajay : It is beautiful as I work every day in it.
Naveen : Who helps you in your work?
Ajay : Myself have done this. It is my and who I have cultivated vegetables hobby.
Naveen : oh ! thats nice. How long have you been doing this?
Ajay : I have been doing this for three years.
Naveen : What vegetables are grown here?
Ajaj : Tomatoes, Chillies, Brinjals, Lady’s fingers and some greens.
Naveen : Wonderful! You have a mini vegetable market here.
Ajaj : Of course, My mother uses these vegetables for cooking
Naveen : It is a very good idea.
Ajay : Yes it is! You benefit a lot by this.
Naveen : It is good for our health because we don’t use any chemicals here.
Ajaj : Exactly! Gardening also develops green atmosphere and the environment.
Naveen : It’s interesting. Let me also do this.

Reading (Tongue Twisters)

• I Scream. I scream you scream, let’s all scream, for ice cream!
• No need to light a night-light on a light night like tonight.
• Green glass globes glow greenly.
• She sells seashells on the seashore.
• He would chuck, he would, as much as he could.

Writing

Using the given letter as a model, write a complaining letter on any one of the topics given below.

a) To the Police commissioner about the noise caused by the loudspeaker in a music shop near your school.
Answer:

Chennai,
3rd March 2019.

From
Adiya
VIII Std ‘A’,
Government Higher Secondary School,
Chennai – 600 Oil.

To
The Police Commissioner,
Perambur, Chennai – 600 Oil.

Sir,
Sub : Complaint about the noise caused by the loudspeaker regarding.
We, the students of Government Higher Secondary School, are getting distracted by the noise caused by the loudspeaker in a music shop near our school. We are unable to listen to the lessons taught and concentrate on our studies. The noise from loud speaker is unbearable.

We request you to look into the matter immediately and take necessary action to stop this problem.

Thank you,
Yours faithfully,

Aditya
VIII Std ‘A’ Section.
Address on the Cover:

To
The Police Commissioner, Perambur,
Chennai – 600 Oil.

b) To the Postmaster General on non – receipt of book parcel.
Answer:
Tiruchirappalli,
10th May 2019.

From
G. Alex
School Pupil Leader,
SSR Higher Secondary School,
Tiruchirappalli – 620 001

To
The Postmaster General
Sangiliyandapuram,
Tiruchirappalli – 620 001.

Sir,
Sub : Complaint on the non-receipt of a book parcel – reg.

I had ordered some books from a publishing company, two weeks back. When I contacted the publishing company, they told us that they had sent us the books in a registered parcel two days back. But so far, we have not received the parcel.

You are requested to enquire into the matter and do the needful.

Thank you,
Yours faithfully,
G. Alex.

Address on the Cover:

To
The Postmaster General
Sangiliyandapuram,
Tiruchirappalli – 620 001,

c) To the Transport Manager, TNSTC on non- stopping of buses near your school bus stop.
Answer:
Chennai,
4th June 2019.

From
Manisha. K VIII Std ‘B’,
Anitha Hr. Sec. School,
Vepery, Chennai – 600 007.

To
The Transport Manager,
TNSTC,
Chennai – 600 002.

Sir,
Sub: Non-stopping of buses near the school bus stop – reg.

This is to bring to your notice that TNSTC buses do not stop near our school bus stop. The students are finding it difficult to commute to school. They had to walk a long distance to come to school and then go home from school. It takes a lot of time for all of us.

We request you to kindly look ‘ into this matter and take necessary action for the benefit of our school students.

Thank you,

Yours faithfully,
Manisha. K

Address on the Cover:

To
The Transport Manager, TNSTC,
Chennai – 600 002.

Grammar

A. NOUN
a. Pick out the words from the list and put them appropriately in the table.

David, Madurai, parrot, happiness, book, thought, green, tiger, Trichy, computer,Narayanan, fan, sister, Kalam, woman, pencil, Bharthi, problem, brother, Mumbai,swan, elephant, Vijay, solution, success, school, convent.
Answer:

Person	Place	Animals	Things	Ideas/feelings
David	Madurai	parrot	book	happiness
Narayanan	Trichy	tiger	computer	thought
sister	Mumbai	swan	fan	green
Kalam	school	elephant	pencil	problem
woman	convent			solution
Bharthi				success
brother
Vijay

b. Write the common noun for the following proper nouns.
Answer:

No.	Proper Noun	Common Noun
1.	Priya	girl
2.	Saran	boy
3.	Tiger	animal
4.	India	country
5.	Peacock	Bird
6.	Coimbatore	place
7.	Lion	animal
8.	Dove	bird
9.	Kabilan	boy
10.	Saleema	girl

c. Read the following paragraph and pick out the different types of nouns and put them in the table.
Hobby is an activity we enjoy doing in our free time. It keeps us busy in our leisure time. People choose their hobby on the basis of their interests and personality. Do you know what Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam’s hobby was?
Answer:

Proper Noun	Common Noun	Collective Noun	Abstract Noun
Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam	Hobby	activity	personality
	people	leisure	interests
			time
			busy

d. Fill in the blanks.
( flock, swarm, bunch, herd)

1. a______ of cows.
2. a______ of birds.
3. a______ of ants.
4. a______ of grapes.

Answer:

1. herd
2. flock
3. swarm
4. bunch

B.pronoun

a. Complete with the subject personal pronoun.

1. My name is Preethi. (Preethi)______ am a student and this is my family.
2. My mom’s name is princy a house wife.
3. Albert is my dad. (My dad)
4. Benjamin is my brother. (Benjamin)
5. (Preethi and Benjamin) are twins.

Answer:

1. I
2. She
3. He
4. He
5. They

b. Change the underlined words with correct pronoun.

(they, he, him, it, she )
Question 1.
I saw Mr. Balu this morning and gave Mr. Balu my homework.
Answer:
I saw Mr. Balu this morning and gave him my homework.

Question 2.
Muthu likes computer games but he doesn’t play computer games very often.
Answer:
Muthu likes computer games but he doesn’t play it very often.

Question 3.
My aunt lives in Trichy but, my aunt often comes to visit my family.
Answer:
My aunt lives in Trichy but, she often comes to visit my family.

Question 4.
Neil Armstrong was born in 1930. Neil Armstrong landed on the moon in 1969.
Answer:
Neil Armstrong was born in 1930. He landed on the moon in 1969.

C. Change the possessive adjective into possessive pronoun.

1. This is my pen.
2. She missed her purse.
3. Her speech is nice.
4. My book is new.
5. My bike is costly.

Answer:

1. This pen is mine.
2. The missed purse is hers.
3. The nice speech is hers.
4. The new book is mine.
5. The costly bike is mine.

C- VERB
List out the transitive and intransitive verbs in following words.
(come, buy, teach, learn, arrive, sing, run, draw, jump, write )
Answer:

Transitive	Intransitive
buy	come
teach	arrive
learn	run
sing	jump
draw
write

Hobby – Turns A Successful Career Additional Questions

I. Choose the correct Synonyms for the italic word.

Question 1.
We do it in our spare time.
(a) busy time
(b) down time
(c) free time
(d) work time
Answer:
(c) free time

Question 2.
Writing is just a hobby for me, yet it is very beneficial.
(a) useful
(b) harmful
(c) wonderful
(d) frightful
Answer:
(a) useful

Question 3.
He was very impressed with Ajay’s work.
(a) disappointed
(b) bored
(c) lazy
(d) amazed
Answer:
(d) amazed

Question 4.
I was unable to describe them accurately.
(a) exactly
(b) definitely
(c) commonly
(d) suddenly
Answer:
(a) exactly

Question 5.
Soon he became an accomplished artist.
(a) finished
(b) unskilled
(c) fulfilled
(d) worked
Answer:
(a) finished

Question 6.
Ajay exhibited his work and sold 144 paintings.
(a) closed
(b) showed
(c) hid
(d) conceded
Answer:
(b) showed

Question 7.
Her passion for carom took her to the level of world champion.
(a) desire
(b) dread
(c) enmity
(d) honour
Answer:
(a) desire

Question 8.
Her father’s dream shattered.
(a) combined
(b) built
(c) destroyed
(d) fulfilled
Answer:
(c) destroyed

Question 9.
The confidence led her to win the Asia Cup.
(a) peace
(b) love
(c) hatred
(d) hope
Answer:
(d) hope

Question 10.
His parents tried several hospitals to cure his impairment.
(a) ability
(b) disability
(c) failure
(d) destruction
Answer:
(b) disability

II. Choose the correct Antonyms for the italic word.

Question 1.
Mani found it difficult to read and write.
(a) hard
(b) easy
(c) sharp
(d) bad
Answer:
(b) easy

Question 2.
Same is the case with me.
(a) fair
(b) Identical
(c) different
(d) ordinary
Answer:
(c) different

Question 3.
I sit with small children and entertain them.
(a) amuse
(b) cheer
(c) fascinate
(d) Annoy
Answer:
(d) Annoy

Question 4.
It opens my mind to think with a broader mind,
(a) narrower
(b) outer
(c) wider
(d) smother
Answer:
(a) narrower

Question 5.
But that treatment left Ajay permanently deaf.
(a) temporarily
(b) abruptly
(c) suddenly
(d) accurately
Answer:
(a) temporarily

Question 6.
Asha Devi taught Ajay the old and dying technique of Traditional Indian Miniature Painting’
(a) conventional
(b) modern
(c) standard
(d) normal
Answer:
(b) modern

Question 7.
His family did not encourage and support him.
(a) support
(b) motivate
(c) entertain
(d) discourage
Answer:
(d) discourage

Question 8.
The hard working people always chase their dream.
(a) follow
(b) run
(c) walk
(d) retreat
Answer:
(d) retreat

Question 9.
Her victories included the Asia Cup and SAARC Cup.
(a) added
(b) excluded
(c) existed
(d) outcast
Answer:
(b) excluded

Question 10.
She won the Championship beating a former world champion Rashmi kumari in the final,
(a) previous
(b) first
(c) future
(d) beginner
Answer:
(c) future

III. Choose the Correct Answer (MCQ)

Question 1.
Mani found it difficult to read and ______
(a) learn
(b) write
(c) speak
(d) talk
Answer:
(b) write

Question 2.
Hobbies are the_____that we do in our spare time.
(a) projects
(b) tasks
(c) activities
(d) assignments
Answer:
(c) activities

Question 3.
When I write thines. my_____is at its best.
(a) handwriting
(b) creations
(c) work
(d) imagination
Answer:
(d) imagination

Question 4.
It makes me more_____about mv life.
(a) passionate
(b) pleasant
(c) inquisitive
(d) accurate
Answer:
(a) passionate

Question 5.
Aiay started to paint_____
(a) sorrowful
(b) vaguely
(c) happily
(d) regretful
Answer:
(C) happily

Question 6.
Ajay turned his hobby into a _____career.
(a) medical
(b) successful
(c) vocational
(d)good
Answer:
(b) successful

Question 7.
Irudavarai was determined to achieve his_____
(a) preference
(b) request
(c) dream
(d) fancy
Answer:
(c) dream

Question 8.
The confidence led Ilavazhaki to win her_____
(a) victories
(b) demands
(c) claims
(d) conditions
Answer:
(a) victories

Question 9.
Ilavazhaki’s father was a_____level champion in carom
(a) world
(b) state
(c) International
(d) district
Answer:
(d) district

Question 10.
Her passion for_____took her to the level of world champion.
(a) carom
(b) cricket
(c) hockey
(d) kabaddi
Answer:
(a) carom

IV. Very Short Questions with Answers.

Question 1.
What is a hobby?
Answer:
Hobby is an activity we enjoy doing in our free time.

Question 2.
What is your hobby?
Answer:
My hobbies are Reading and Singing.

Question 3.
What does the term ‘pastime’ mean?
Answer:
The term ‘pastime’ means, an activity regularly done for enjoying rather than work. To pass the leisure time relaxingly.

Question 4.
Who is the best friend for a reader while travelling in a train?
Answer:
Books are the best friends for a reader while travelling alone in a train.

Question 5.
Name any two socially useful hobbies.
Answer:
Cooking and Painting.

V. Short Questions with Answers.

Question 1.
What was Mani’s problem?
Answer:
Mani had difficulty in reading and writing.

Question 2.
What did his Grandfather do?
Answer:
His grandfather helped him by reading bedtime stories.

Question 3.
Why does Mani say that writing is a unique hobby?
Answer:
Mani says that writing is unique because most people don’t want to exhaust themselves in their spare time.

Question 4.
What did Ajay’s father buy him?
Answer:
Ajay’s father bought him a paint set to play.

Question 5.
What was Ajay gifted with?
Answer:
Ajay was gifted with the practice of creating images on a grain of rice.

Question 6.
What was Irudayaraj?
Answer:
Irudayaraj was a fish-cart driver, who used to transport materials like pipes to make a living.

Question 7.
Who did Ilavazhagi beat in the women’s singles?
Answer:
Ilavazhagi beat P. Nirmala in the finals of Carom World Championship with 25-11, 25-11 victory.

VI. Paragraph Question with Answer.

Question 1.
How beneficial was the hobby of writing to Mani?
Answer:
Mani felt the hobby of writing very beneficial to him. He felt writing is like painting his voice’. When he got free time, he picked a pen and a notebook. He started writing stories, poems and sometimes about his feelings. His mind used to relax, when he poured his thoughts as words. His imagination is at its best, when he writes things. Writing opened his mind to think beyond the little things with a broader mind. It made him more passionate about his life and learn new things. It also helped him in school too and made him a good writer.

Hobby – Turns A Successful Career Grammar Additional

I. Guide proper names for the common nouns :

Eg: Butter – Amul

1. Pencil – ________
2. Ball Pen – ________
3. Hospital – ________
4. Soft Drink – ________
5. Car – ________

Answer:

1. Apsara
2. Reynolds
3. Apollo
4. Pepsi
5. Toyota

II. Collective nouns:

1. ______ of bees.
2. ______ of keys.
3. ______ of cards.
4. ______ of players
5. ______ of books.

Answer:

1. Swarm
2. Bunch
3. Pack
4. Team
5. Libary

III.Form abstract nouns from these adjectives:

Eg: Soft – Softness

1. Cruel – ________
2. Polite – ________
3. Honest – ________
4. Beautiful – ________
5. Lazy – ________

Answer:

1. Cruelty
2. Politeness
3. Honesty
4. Beauty
5. Laziness

IV. Use singular pronouns and fill in the blanks :

1. _____gave_____a gift.
2. _____went out when_____rained.
3. _____do not want_____to steal things.
4. When he met_____I gave_____an advice.

Answer:

1. He, her
2. She, it
3. I, you
4. me, him

V. Use Plural pronouns and fill in the blanks:

1. Raj and Rahul are brothers and live in the same house.
2. They are my friends, I meet in the park.
3. My father and I went to the mall, but it was closed.
4. We won the match. Everybody congratulated

Answer:

1. They
2. Them
3. we
4. us

VI. Fill in the blanks with possessive pronouns:

1. The travellers brought a lot of goods. The goods were _______
2. A man was riding a motor bike. The bike was _______
3. She stitched the torn dresses from her cupboard. The dresses were _______
4. The certificates belong to me. They are _______
5. This classroom belongs to us. It is certainly _______
6. The photos look so good. They are _______
7. The dog has a puppy. It is _______

Answer:

1. theirs
2. his
3. hers
4. mine
5. ours
6. yours
7. its

VII. Use simple present tense of verb in the bracket and fill the blanks:

1. Look! He (fly)______the kite high
2. Yesterday he went by car, but today he (go)on a cycle.
3. If he (pass)the exam, he will get a good job.
4. Mohan will jump in joy if he (see) you coming.
5. If Vijay (run)fast, he will be able to catch the train.

Answer:

1. Flies
2. goes
3. passes
4. sees
5. runs

VIII. Use simple past tense of verb in the bracket and fill the blanks:

1. I (buy) this coat from the boutique.
2. Dad (leave)for office an hour ago.
3. My sister (write) an essay that was published in the magazine.
4. We (come)home, (take) some rest and (spend)time playing cards.

Answer:

1. bought
2. left
3. wrote
4. came / took /spent

IX. Use simple future tense of verb in the bracket and fill the blanks:

1. I (leave)_______for Paris next week.
2. We (party)_______at the Taj on my birthday.
3. You (move)_______to Delhi next month on promotion.
4. Ten students failed in the exam. They (write)_______their exams again from Monday.
5. The sun rise was at 6 a.m. It (set)_______at 5.45 p.m this evening.

Answer:

1. will leave
2. will party
3. will move
4. will write
5. will set

X. Insert the correct form of infinitive using the given verbs in the brackets:

1. It would be nice to______(meet) Dr. Abdul Kalam again.
2. To______(cook) this recipe, you will need 500 grams of minced meet
3. Ravi wants to______(take) raji to the amusement park
4. I need to______(wash) my hands before I have my food.
5. We discussed whether to______(invite) Rajiv or not.

Answer:

1. meet
2. cook
3. take
4. wash
5. invite

XI. Fill in the blanks with suitable Gerund (verb+ing):

1. ______(meet) is a periodic event.
2. She loves______(eat) ice creams.
3. I like______(celebrate) festivals.
4. ______(wait) is torturing.
5. He was awarded for______(run) fast
6. I achieve by______(work)
7. I don’t like______(play) cards
8. ______(cook) is my hobby.
9. Do you enjoy______(swim)
10. He loves______(sing) songs.

Answera:

1. Meeting
2. eating
3. celebrating
4. Waiting
5. running
6. working
7. playing
8. Cooking
9. swimming
10. singing

Section – I

Hobby – Turns A Successful Career Summary

A boy named Mani had difficulty in reading and writing. His grandfather noticed this and helped  him by reading bedtime stories. Gradually, Mani started reading on his own. After some days, he also  started writing his own stories. In this section, he wrote an essay on hobbies.

Hobbies are the activities done during our free time. They are special to people. Some people  like gardening, a few like photography and many have book reading as their hobby. Hobbies help people to learn new things, relax after a tiring day and energies our body and mind. Mani’s hobby was writing. Though many people feel writing is tough, he felt ‘writing’ was like ‘painting our voice’. When he wrote things, he imagined a world with magic and magicians. Writing opened his mind to
think beyond the little things with a broader mind. It made him learn new things and enjoy every moment of his life. His hobby of writing helped him in school too. He could describe things better in  his stories. He had no problem in writing English essays or stories, as it was his hobby.

Thus it is important to always learn and improve Our hobbies.

Section – II

Ajay Kumar Garg, a very talented young artist lived in Jaipur, India. He suffered an injury at the age of three and became deaf. His parents tried many hospitals to cure his disability. But it was useless. Ajay used to paint on the walls and floors. Realizing his interest in painting, a court artist of Dholpur, Shri Sua Lai started educating him in painting. After completing his education, Ajay became an apprentice of Asha Devi, who taught him the ‘Miniature Painting’. Soon, Ajay became an ‘accomplished artist’ in the miniature style. He was gifted in the practice of creating images on a grain of rice.

Ajay exhibited his work and sold 144 out of 150 paintings displayed in the exhibition. His work became famous throughout India, the United States and the United Kingdom. In 2004, he was awarded a national award of accomplishment from the Indian President, Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam.

Ajay also involved in the welfare of people with hearing disability and gave them free training. He has been the executive member of’Deaf and Dumb’ Association in Rajasthan. One of Ajay’s current goals is to re-energize the dying art of traditional miniature Indian paintings. Thus, Ajay’s life shows us that we can turn our hobby into a successful career, if we are ready to learn and develop our skills.

Section – III

Ilavazhagi achieved her dream amidst all odds. Her father, A. Irudayaraj, was a district level champion in Carom. His dream of achieving success in it, shattered, as he was not encouraged and supported by his family members. He determined to achieve his dream through his daughter. So he began coaching her and carried her to the local clubs frequently. She won the match against her father and that gave her the confidence in achieving success. Later she won the Asia Cup, SAARC cup and the world championship.

She lived with her family in a small one-room apartment in Vysarpadi, Chennai. This was not enough to accommodate her family and to preserve her trophies. She has been playing for the state for almost 14 years yet, she found it difficult to finance her trips for the matches.

Ilavazhagi is a member of the Thiruvallur District Carom Association. She also represented India at the Carom World Championships. She won the 2008 Indian National Carom Championship and became a world champion in the women’s singles after beating P. Nirmala in the finals with 25-11, 25-11 victory. Thus her passion for Carom took her to the level of world champion.

Students can Download English Lesson 2 My Reminiscence Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 8th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 8th English Solutions Term 2 Prose Chapter 2 My Reminiscence

Read and Understand

I. Fill in the blanks.

1. The author speaks about the river _______
2. The author s brother’s name is _______
3. The _______ glimmered over the smooth flowing stream.
4. The beauty of Bengal and the Ganges served as _______ and _______ to the author.
5. The afternoons were spent by _______ and _______

Answers:

1. Ganges
2. Jyotirindra
3. moonlight
4. food and drink
5. boating and singing

II. Answer the following in one or two sentences.

My Reminiscence Question 1.
Quote the expressions from the text when the author sees the Ganges again.
Answer:
“The Ganges again! Again those ineffable days and nights, languid with joy, sad with longing, attuned to the plaintive babbling of the river along the cool shade of its wooded banks”.

8th English My Reminiscence Question 2.
In what ways the river and its bank have changed?
Answer:
The river banks are thickly surrounded by green trees and plants. From them hung bunches of nests at the riverside, where the birds would have chirped, leaves rustled, and the wind rushed. Now it has been replaced by huge dragon-like mills making a hissing noise and letting out black smoke.

My Reminiscences Prose Summary Question 3.
How were the rooms arranged in his house?
Answer:
A flight of stone-flagged steps led to a long broad verandah. The rooms were not regularly arranged. All the rooms were not on the same level. Some rooms had to be reached by short flights of stairs. The big sitting room faced the landing steps.

III. Answer the following in a paragraph.

My Reminiscence Question And Answer Question 1.
How does the author spend his afternoon ? Explain.
Answer:
The author spent the rainy afternoons in an exciting frenzy way. He played the harmonium as he sang the old Vaishnava songs set to his times. On other afternoons, he sailed slowly in a boat singing Puravi accompanied by his brother Jyotirindra with his violin. They kept on varying the mode of their music with the declining day.

My Reminiscences Questions And Answers Question 2.
Describe how the river looks when he rows back
Answer:
On the west side of the river, the sun rays declined. On the east side of the river, the moon rises over the fringe of trees. A silver streak was formed where the land and water met. Boats were hardly seen. The trees bordering the river banks appeared like a dark shadow and the moonlight glowed over the smooth flowing stream.

My Reminiscences 8th Standard Question 3.
Draw the images in the box after reading the text carefully.
Activity done by the students

Vocabulary

Clipping Words

Clipping is the word formation process which consists in the reduction of a word to one of its parts. These words are called clipped words.

a. Find out the clipped words for the following.

1. aeroplane
2. microphone
3. exhibition
4. kilogram
5. cafeteria

Answers:

1. plane
2. mike
3. expo
4. kilo
5. cafe

b. Find and use the clipped words in your own sentence.

Blends

A blend word or a blend is a word formed from parts of two or more other words.

bit	= binary + digit
brunch	= breakfast + lunch
camcorder	= camera + recorder
electrocute	= electro + execute
email	= electronic + mail
mechatronics	= mechanics + electronics

moped	= motor + pedals
motel	= motor + hotel
newscast	= news + broadcast
smog	= smoke + fog
Spanglish	= Spanish + English
vitamin	= vital + amine

a. Find out the blended words for the following.

1. international + police
2. helicopter + pad
3. motor + hotel
4. education + satellite
5. electronic + commerce

Answers:

1. interpol
2. helipad
3. motel
4. edusat
5. E-commerce

b. Use the blended words in your own sentence.

1. electrocute
Answer:
Don’t touch that wire or else you will electrocute yourself.

2. Spanglish
Answer:
She speaks spanglish well.

3. moped
Answer:
He nioped about in the house all day.

4. brunch
Answer:
I had my brunch at 12 noon.

5. smog
Answer:
The thick smog caused many problems to the people of this area.

Idioms – Additional Exercises

Food Idioms.

1. A hard nut to crack – a difficult problem to deal with.
Example: This problem is a hard nut to crack.

2. In the soup – to be in a difficult situation.
Example: When Harry lost his job, he was really in the soup.

3. Bread and butter – basic things needed to survive.
Example: Teaching is my bread and butter.

4. To bring home the bacon – to earn a salary.
Example: I’m looking for a job and so I need to do something to bring home the bacon.

5. have bigger fish to fry – have more important thing to fry.
Example: I have bigger fish to fry than this silly matters.

Sport Idioms.

1. Get the ball rolling – Do something to begin a process.
Example: As we are going to get the ball rolling now, please be seated.

2. Ball park figure – A rough estimate.
Example: Do you have a ball park figure for the cost of the renovations?

3. Heavy Hitter – a powerful, influential person.
Example: Tendulkar is a heavy hitter.

Number Idioms.

1. A million and one – very many.
Example: There are no answers for a million and one questions asked by these people.

2. Be in seventh heaven – Extremely happy.
Example: she was in seventh heaven, where she watched her favourite band play live.

3. Six feet under – Dead and buried.
Example: You can’t get my property, until I am six feet under.

Colours Idioms.

1. Beet red – dark red.
Example: My sister’s face turned beet red when I caught her singing in front of a mirror.

2. Black and Blue – bruised and beaten.
Example: We found the poor guy black and blue, near the train tracks.

3. Golden opportunity – The perfect chance.
Example : The model’s conference was a golden opportunity for me to sell my beauty products.

Animal Idioms.

1. Cat nap – a short sleep.
Example: I am going to have a cat nap while you’re cooking dinner.

2. Dog’s days – very hot days.
Example : We sleep in the basement during the dog days of August.

3. Horse around – play roughly
Example ; if you are going to horse around, please go outside.

Listening

Your teacher will read the text aloud. Listen carefully and answer the questions given below.

Ruskin Bond, short story writer, novelist and poet, the favourite writer of Indian children, was born on 19 May, 1934 at Kasauli in Himachal Pradesh. He had his early education at Bishop Cotton School, Shimla. Writing was in his blood. He was still at school when a story penned by him was published in the Illustrated Weekly of India.

His first novel, Room on the Roof, was published when he was still in his teens. This novel won him the John Rhys Memorial Award in 1957. Environment conservation is one of the major concerns of Ruskin Bond. He also writes about children and the simple hill folk of Uttarakhand. Simplicity and fluency of language and an insight into human nature are hallmarks of his style. His major writings include An Island of Trees, A Bond with the Mountains and The India I Love. He has also been honoured with the Sahitya Akademi Award for his contribution to Indian literature.

Complete the sentences:

My Reminiscences 8th English Question 1.
Ruskin Bond was born on at ________ in ________
Answer:
19 pay 1934, Kasauli, Himachal Pradesh

My Reminiscences By Rabindranath Tagore Summary Question 2.
His first novel was ________
Answer:
“Room on the Roof”

My Reminiscences By Rabindranath Tagore Summary In English Question 3.
________ is one of the major concerns of Ruskin Bond.
Answer:
Environment conservation

My Reminiscence Summary Question 4.
Mention some of his major works.
Answer:
His major writings include An Island of Trees, A Bond with the Mountains and The India I Love.

8th English My Reminiscence Book Back Answers Question 5.
How was he honoured for the contribution of Indian literature?
Answer:
He has been honoured with the Sahitya Akademi Award for his contribution to Indian literature.

Speaking

Take a few minutes and Make hints of the picture. Arrange your thoughts. Using the points you write, deliever a small speech focusing the issue picturised here. Give an interesting and informative speech, your speech should include the cause and the solution.

Tips for effective speaking

• Organise your points and ideas well.
• Don’t memorise the speech. If you forget a point, it will make you nervous.
• Avoid the things that are of no value or interest to the audience.
• Before you speak, take a deep breath,smile, greet the audience.
• Don’t be nervous about making a mistake.
• Interesting speak makes your mistakes nothing.

Answer:
I am Megna of class VIII A. I am going to deliver a speech on “Environmental Pollution”. One of the major problems of today in our country is ‘Pollution’. Environmental pollution refers to the presence of harmful and poisonous substances into our environment. It is not only limited to air pollution, but can also affect water bodies, soil, forests, aquatic life and all the land-living species as well. The main factors leading to environmental pollution are human-generated.

Since ages, we have been interfering with the environment in order to expand our habitat and to make living easy. Humans have invented automobiles, set up factories, cut down forests to make way for roads and cities all compromising the environmental health. Inadequate waste disposal and its littering have resulted in polluting our oceans and water bodies, rendering them useless and threatening the life of the species which depend on them. So I conclude my speech by saying that the government should take some precautionary measures to stop this major issue in our country.

Writing

My Reminiscences Summary Question 1.
Your school is going to organize an inter-school dance competition. Write a notice for your school notice board inviting names of all the interested students.
Answer:
Notice

RKR Govt higher Secondary School

Trichy

August 17^th, 2019

Inter-school Dance Competition

Our school is going to organize an inter-school dance competition for classes 6 to 12 on September.8th at the school auditorium. We invite all the students, who are interested in dancing to register your names inthe school office by 25* of this month. For further details, contact the undersigned.

Vasanthi,

Secretary (Cultural in-charge).

My Reminiscences By Rabindranath Tagore Summary In Tamil Question 2.
Water supply will be suspended for ten hours (1Q am to 8 pm) on 5th of October for cleaning of the water tank. Write a notice in about 50 wdrils advising the residents to store water for a day. You are Santhosh, Secretary, Housing board, Officer’s colony, Thiruvarur.
Answer:
Notice

Housing Board Officer’s Colony

Thiruvarur

October 4^th, 2019

This is to inform all the residents, of Shastri Nagar in Ihiruvarur to store water for a day as the water supply will be suspended for ten hours from 10 a.m. to 8 p.m. on 5* October 2019 for the cleaning of the water tank.

Santhosh,
(Secretary)

Question 3.
You are the head girl/boy Govt High School. Your school is soon going to publish the annual magazine next month. Write a notice for the notice board of your school inviting students to submit write-ups.
Answer:
Notice

Govt High School

Porur

October 19^th, 2019

Our school is going to publish the annual magazine next month. All the students are invited to submit their write-ups for the magazine on or before 30th October 2019. You should mention your name and dass in the articles and write-ups.
Shalini,
(Head Girl)

Grammar

Conditional Sentences With ‘if’

1. Complete the Conditional Sentences. Decide whether to use Type I, II or III.

1. If I had time, I _______ (go) shopping with you.
2. If you _______ (speak) English, you will get along with them perfectly.
3. If they had gone for a walk, they _______ (turn) the lights off.
4. If she _______ (come) to see us, we will go to the zoo.
5. I would have told you, if I _______ (see) him.

Answers:

1. would go
2. speak
3. would have turned
4. comes
5. had seen

2. Choose the best answer:

Question 1.
I will come if I _______ time.
(a) have
(b) had
(c) will have
Answer:
(a) have

Question 2.
If he is late, we _______ without him.
(a) would start
(b) would have started
(c) will start
Answer:
(c) will start

Question 3.
If you _______ me, I would tell you.
(a) will ask
(b) asked
(c) had asked
Answer:
(b) asked

Question 4.
Will it be all right if I _______ a friend tonight?
(a) had brought
(b) bring
(c) brought
Answer:
(b) bring

Question 5.
If you _______ to learn a musical instrument, you have to practice.
(a) wants
(b) wanted
(c) want
Answer:
(c) want

3. Match the following.

1. If they worked hard – (a) She will come to our party.
2. If I invite Shalini – (b) I would have bought these shoes.
3. If I had got enough money – (c) They would win.

Answers:

1. (c)
2. (a)
3. (b)

4. Fill in the blanks with correct verb forms.

Question 1.
If you _______ out with your friends tonight, I _______ the football match on TV.
(a) go, would watch
(b) go, will watch
(c) go, have watched
Answer:
(b) go, will watch

Question 2.
If he _______ harder, he _______his goals.
(a) tries, would reach
(b) tried, will reach
(c) tried, would reach
Answer:
(c) tried, would reach

Question 3.
If we _______ to the radio, we _______ the news.
(a) listen, would hear
(b) had listen, will hear
(c) listen, would hear
The correct Answer:
listened, would have heard

Sentence Pattern

1. Choose the right pattern.

Question 1.
The wall collapsed.
(a) SV
(b) SVO
(c) SVIODO
Answer:
(a) SV

Question 2.
During the war, many people lost their homes.
(a) SV
(b) SVIODO
(c) ASVDO
Answer:
(c) ASVDO

Question 3.
I promised the children a trip to the zoo.
(a) SVO
(b) SVDOIO
(c) SVIODO
Answer:
(c) SVIODO

Question 4.
In 1998, Frank moved to London.
(a) ASVA
(b) ASVO
(c) SVIODO
Answer:
(a) ASVA

Question 5.
Pooja hired a bicycle.
(a) SV
(b) SVO
(c) SVA
Answer:
(b) SVO

2. Write two sentences for each pattern.

1. SV
Answer:
They walked.
We studied.

2. SVO
Answer:
She ate the food.
Ravi kicked the ball.

3. SVC
Answer:
He is a surgeon.
My father is a painter.

4. SVA
Answer:
We stay in Chennai.
They danced gracefully.

5. SVOC
Answer:
John made Jane angry.
He made him the captain.

6. SVIODO
Answer:
My mother gave me a beautiful frock.
He presented my dad a watch.

7. ASV
Answer:
Yesterday, we arrived.
In 2019 they succeeded.

8. SVAA
Answer:
They came by bus yesterday.
The bank opens at 10 a.m. tomorrow.

My Reminiscence Additional Questions

I. Choose the correct synonyms for the italicized words.

Question 1.
… attuned to the plaintive babbling of the river…
(a) happy
(b) sounding sad
(c) thankful
(d) jocular
Answer:
(b) sounding sad

Question 2.
Even our hours of mental siesta have been narrowed down.
(a) study
(b) deep sleep
(c) afternoon nap
(d) wake
Answer:
(c) afternoon nap

Question 3.
Some rainy afternoons I spent in a veritable frenzy.
(a) harmony
(b) uncontrolled excitement
(c) agony
(d) peace
Answer:
(b) uncontrolled excitement

Question 4.
Again those ineffable days and nights, languid with joy.
(a) moving slowly
(b) active
(c) lively
(d) alert
Solution:
(a) moving slowly

Question 5.
And yet time has wrought many changes.
(a) foiled
(b) retarded
(c) caused
(d) prevented
Solution:
(c) caused

Question 6.
Men and women in festive garb were going and coming.
(a) mood
(b) feast
(c) jewellery
(d) clothes
Answer:
(d) clothes

II. Choose the correct antonyms for the italicized words.

Question 1.
Our little riverside nests, clustering under their surrounding greenery.
(a) grouping
(b) combination
(c) scattering
(d) crowding
Answer:
(c) scattering

Question 2.
I spent in a veritable frenzy, singing away old Vaishnava songs.
(a) more exciting
(b) boring
(c) absolute
(d) proper
Answer:
(b) boring

Question 3.
Many dedicated lotus blossoms/loafing down the sacred stream.
(a) drifting
(b) wafting
(c) fluttering
(d) sinking
Answer:
(d) sinking

Question 4.
The moonlight glimmered over the smooth flowing stream.
(a) sleek
(b) rough
(c) lustrous
(d) mild
Answer:
(b) rough

Question 5.
Mental siesta have been narrowed down to the lowest limit.
(a) restricted
(b) widened
(c) constricted
(d) tapering
Answer:
(b) widened

Question 6.
I was then busy with the Evening Songs
(a) active
(b) hectic
(c) idle
(d) restless
Answer:
(c) idle

III. Choose the correct answer and write (MCQ) :

Question 1.
My _______ Jyotirindra was living in a river-side villa.
(a) uncle
(b) father
(c) son
(d) brother
Answer:
(d) brother

Question 2.
Some rainy _______ I spent in a veritable frenzy.
(a) nights
(b) afternoons
(c) evenings
(d) mornings
Answer:
(b) afternoons

Question 3.
The dragon-like mills made hissing sound and let out black _______
(a) powder
(b) smoke
(c) liquid
(d) dirt
Answer:
(b) smoke

Question 4.
Tagore’s brother Jyotirindra accompanied him with his _______
(a) harmonium
(b) guitar
(c) violin
(d) shruti
Answer:
(c) violin

Question 5.
The big sitting room had stained glass _______ with pictures.
(a) doors
(b) partition
(c) windows
(d) shelves
Answer:
(c) windows

Question 6.
Tagore used his topmost round tower room for writing
(a) essays
(b) stories
(c) reports
(d) poetry
Answer:
(d) poetry

Question 7.
Tagore and his brother lived in a called Moran’s Garden.
(a) villa
(b) lane
(c) apartment
(d) cottage
Answer:
(a) villa

Question 8.
At night the fringe of on the river bank, was reduced to a deep shadow.
(a) pots
(b) waters
(c) trees
(d) steps
Answer:
(c) trees

Question 9.
Jagore sang old _______ songs set to his own tunes.
(a) Vaishnava
(b) Shiva
(c) Krishna
(d) Durga
Answer:
(a) Vaishnava

Question 10.
Tagore heard the babbling of the along its cool wooded banks.
(a) lake
(b) sea
(c) river
(d) pond
Answer:
(c) river

IV. Give very short answers :

Question 1.
Where was Jyotirindra’s villa?
Answer:
Jyotirindra’s villa was at Chandernagore.

Question 2.
How was the Bengal sky?
Answer:
The Bengal sky was full of light.

Question 3.
What was replaced by the mill?
Answer:
The little riverside nests were replaced by the mill.

Question 4.
To what does Tagore compare his lovely riverside days?
Answer:
Tagore compares his lovely riverside days to lotus blossoms floating down the stream.

Question 5.
“Western sky close the doors of its factory of golden toys” What are ‘golden toys’?
Answer:
‘Golden toys’are the golden rays of the sun.

Question 6.
What can. Tagore see from his round tower room?
Answer:
Tagore can only see the treetops and the open sky from his round tower room.

Question 7.
Where did the flight of stone-flagged steps lead to in the villa?
Answer:
The flight of stone-flagged steps led to the long, broad verandah in the villa.

Question 8.
What happened when the moonlight fell on the stained glass windows?
Answer:
When the moonlight fell on the stained glass windows, the pictures bn them shone wonderfully.

Question 9.
Tagore says, “Here it felt indeed like home” Where?
Answer:
Along the cool, shaded, wooded banks of the river Ganges.

Question 10.
‘Hydra-headed unrest has invaded every department of life”. What does it mean?
Answer:
This means that many multiple unrests have entered every part of our life.

V. Give short answers :

Question 1.
How does Tagore describe the atmosphere at the river Ganges?
Answer:
Tagore says that thegentle, pleasant flow of the river Ganges makes a sad mourning sound. Its wooded banks give cool shade. The sky above the river is bright, as the river flows slowly, the breeze is pleasant. At the horizon of the broad river, the green earth and blue sky meet.

Question 2.
What changes has modern lifehrought at the riverside?
Answer:
The thick greenery and nests at the riverside have been replaced by dragon-like, noisy mills giving black smoke. This has removed not only the physical rest but also the mental rest during the dull afternoons. Many problems have entered into every part of our life.

Question 3.
Tagore mentions about pictures on two stained glass windows. Describe them separately.
Answer:
Picture I: A couple were swinging in the swing hanging from a branch half-hidden in dense foliage under the shade of the trees. When the moonlight fell on the picture it made alive the love thrills of the swinging couple in the serene woodlands of the river bank.

Picture II: Men and women were climbing up and down in grand dresses on the flight of steps leading to a castle-like a palace. When the moonlight fell on this picture, it revealed the grand festive celebrations of early days in silence but more powerfully without words.

Question 4.
What was food and drink for Tagore?
Answer:
The plaintive babbling of the river Ganges along with the cool shade of its wooden banks, the Bengal sky-full of light, south breeze, the flow of the river, the broad stretch of the river from one horizon to the other, were like food and drink for the hungry and thirsty soul of Tagore.

VI. Answer in detail:

Question 1.
Give a clear sketch of‘Moran’s Garden’.
Answer:
‘Moran’s Garden’ was a riverside villa at Chandernagore in Hoogly district, West Bengal. Tagore’s brother Jyotirindra and his sister-in-law lived there. Tagore stayed with them. The boats came till the landing steps of the villa. In the late evenings, the family sat on the terrace facing the river.

A flight of stone embedded steps lead from the riverside water to a long, broad verandah of the house The rooms were not regularly arranged and all were not the same level Some rooms had to be reached by short flights of stairs. The big sitting room overlooking the landings steps had stained glass windows with coloured pictures.

The topmost room of the house was in a round tower with windows opening to every side. Nothing can be seen from the windows except the treetops and the open sky. Tagore used this room for writing poetry.

Vocabulary – Additional

Clipped Words

Choose the dipped form of the word for ………….

Question 1.
Choose the clipped form of the word for ‘bicycle’.
(a) byke
(b) bike
(c) cycle
(d) bicy
Answer:
(a) byke

Question 2.
Choose the clipped form of the word for ’advertisement’.
(a) advertise
(b) ad
(c) ads
(d) advert
Answer:
(b) ad

Question 3.
Choose the clipped form of the word for ‘demonstration’.
(a) demo
(b) demon
(c) station
(d) demons
Answer:
(a) demo

Question 4.
Choose the clipped from of the word for ‘motorbike’.
(a) motor
(b) moto
(c) bikes
(d) bike
Answer:
(d) bike

Question 5.
Choose the clipped from of the word for ‘pressure cooker’.
(a) cooker
(b) pressure
(c) sure
(d) cook
Answer:
(a) cooker

Question 6.
Choose the dipped from of the word for ‘handkerchief’.
(a) hand
(b) chief
(c) kerchief
(d) handker
Answer:
(c) kerchief

Question 7.
Choose the dipped from of the word for ‘newscast’.
(a) cast
(b) new
(c) casts
(d) news
Answer:
(d) news

Question 8.
Choose the dipped from of the word for ‘public house’.
(a) pub
(b) pubhc
(c) house
(d) use
Answer:
(a) pub

Blended Words

Choose the blended form of ……………..

Question 1.
Choose the right combination for the blended word ‘interpol’.
(a) international + policy
(b) interstate + police
(c) international + politics
(d) international + police
Answer:
(d) international + police

Question 2.
Choose the right combination for the blended word ‘lecdem’.
(a) lector + demarcate
(b) lecture + demand
(c) lecture + demonstration
(d) lecture + demonstrator
Answer:
(c) lecture + demonstration

Question 3.
Choose the right combination for the blended word ‘brunch’.
(a) brief + lunch
(b) breakfast + lunch
(c) break + crunch
(d) break + lunch
Answer:
(b) breakfast + lunch

Question 4.
Choose the right combination for the blended word ‘medicare’.
(a) medical + scare
(b) medicine + care
(c) medical + care
(d) medical + daycare
Answer:
(c) medical + care

Question 5.
Choose the right combination for the blended word ‘edutainment’.
(a) education + department
(b) education + entertainment
(c) educational + entertainment
(d) educate + entertain
Answer:
(b) education + entertainment

Question 6.
Choose the right combination for the blended word ‘infotech’.
(a) information + technological
(b) inform + technical
(c) information + technology
(d) information + technique
Answer:
(c) information + technology

Question 7.
Choose the right combination for the blended word ‘bit’.
(a) biotic + digit
(b) billion + digit
(c) binary + bitt
(d) binary + digit
Answer:
(d) binary + digit

Question 8.
Choose the right combination for the blended word ‘byte’.
(a) binary + table
(b) binary + template
(c) byline + tech
(d) bypass + technique
Answer:
(a) binary + table

Grammar – Additional

Conditional Clauses

I. Choose the best answer:

Question 1.
If I play well, I _______ the match.
(a) would win
(b) will win
(c) would have won
Answer:
(b) will win

Question 2.
If you wrote neatly, you _______ get a prize.
(a) would
(b) will
(c) would have
Answer:
(a) would

Question 3.
If my friend gets the afternoon off, he _______ meet me at the station.
(a) would
(b) would have
(c) will
Answer:
(c) will

Question 4.
Would you mind, if I _______ the window?
(a) open
(b) opened
(c) would open
Answer:
(b) opened

Question 5.
If my father don’t pick me up, I _______ take the bus home.
(a) will
(b) would
(c) would have
Answer:
(a) will

Question 6.
If they had invited me, I _______ have said no.
(a) will
(b) will not
(c) wouldn’t
Answer:
(c) wouldn’t

Question 7.
If I did it, nobody _______ do it.
(a) would
(b) will
(c) will not
Answer:
(a) would

Question 8.
I ________ buy these, ifthey fitted me.
(a) will
(b) would have
(c) would
Answer:
(c) would

Question 9.
If he did not know the answer, it ________ surprise me.
(a) would not
(b) will
(c) would have
Answer:
(a) would not

Question 10.
If you had switched on the lights, you ________ fallen over the chair.
(a) would have
(b) would not have
(c) would
Answer:
(b) would not have

II. Match the following :

1. If you like me, – (a) I wouldn’t be here.
2. If you want to make friends, – (b) open the door.
3. If opportunity knocks, – (c) I will get detention.
4. If I had never met you, – (d) you can’t be shy
5. If I am late to school, – (e) let me go

Answer:

1. e
2. d
3. b
4. a
5. c

III. Fill in the blanks with the correct verb forms :

Question 1.
If you _______, I _______ With you to the store
(a) wanted, may come
(b) want, can come
(c) want, can not come
Answer:
(b) want, can come

Question 2.
If I _______ late to school, I _______ Punished
(a) am, will be
(b) Was, would be
(c) was, will be
Answer:
(a) am, will be

Question 3.
If I _______ so much candy, I _______ hungry.
(a) hasn’t eaten, may be
(b) hadn’t eaten, might be
(c) had eaten, may be
Answer:
(b) hadn’t eaten, might be

Question 4.
If you _______ happy, I _______ happy.
(a) are, am
(b) were, was
(c) are, was
Answer:
(a) are, am

Question 5.
If there _______ snow, we _______ snowman
(a) was, made
(b) was, make
(c) is, make
Answer:
(c) is, make

Sentence Pattern

Identify the pattern of the following sentence :

Question 1.
This shoe is large.
(a) S V O
(b) S V C
(c) S V A
(d) S V O C
Answer:
(b) S V C

Question 2.
His father gave him his school bag.
(a) S V C
(b) S V O C
(c) S V O
(d) S V IO DO
Answer:
(d) S V IO DO

Question 3.
The player entered the room.
(a) S V O
(b) S V A
(c) S V C
(d) SVAC
Answer:
(b) S V A

Question 4.
Eve – Teasers must be punished severely.
(a) S V A C
(b) S V C
(c) S V O
(d) S V A
Answer:
(d) S V A

Question 5.
We wear woolen clothes in winter season.
(a) S V O C
(b) S V IO DO
(c) S V O A
(d) S V O
Answer:
(c) S V O A

Question 6.
I shall meet you tomorrow.
(a) S V O
(b) S V IO DO
(c) S V O A
(d) S V O C
Answer:
(c) S V O A

Question 7.
He answered my question instantly.
(a) S V O C
(b) S V C A
(c) S V IO DO
(d) S V O A
Answer:
(d) S V O A

Question 8.
They named the child Prem.
(a) S V A C
(b) S V O C
(c) S V C A
(d) S V IO DO
Answer:
(c) S V C A

Question 9.
We completed the work on time.
(a) S V O C
(b) S V A C
(c) S V O A
(d) S V C
Answer:
(c) S V O A

Question 10.
The meeting ended with a vote of thanks.
(a) S V A
(b) S V C
(c) S V O
(d) S V O A
Answer:
(a) S V A

My Reminiscence Summary

Tagore returned home : from the outset of his second voyage to England. His brother Jyotirindra lived in a river-side villa at Chandannagar, in West Bengal. Tagore went there to stay with him.

With a sad longing, Tagore recaptured his incredible days spent joyfully along the wooded banks of the river Ganges. The bright sky, breeze, flow of the river, it’s stretch from horizon to horizon, greenery, all were the food and drink for the hungry and thirsty soul of the author.

The author noticed many changes when he visited the Ganges after a long time. The greenery had been replaced by huge noisy mills emitting smoke. This might be for good, but the author could not agree on it.

The author spent his afternoons at the riverside singing songs, to his own tunes and playing the harmonium. Sometimes he sailed in the boat singing songs with his brother playing the violin, till the evening.

At night Tagore sat on the terrace facing the river. He viewed the river reflecting the moonlight, dark trees bordering the river banks and a silver streak separating the land and water.

Tagore described his villa, ‘Moran’s Garden’. It had stone stairs leading to a broad verandah. The rooms were not on the same level and not regularly arranged. The big sitting room facing the landing steps had staired glass windows with coloured pictures.

One picture had a swing hanging from a dense branch with a couple on it. The other picture had people walking on a stair-case leading to a castle like palace in grand dresses. When the light fell on the glass pictures, it made the scene alive.

Tagore’s room was in a round tower, on the top, with windows around viewing the treetops and sky. Tagore wrote his famous poem from this room.

Students can Download English Lesson 1 Sir Isaac Newton – The Ingenious Scientist Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 8th English Book Solutions Guide  helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 8th English Solutions Term 2 Prose Chapter 1 Sir Isaac Newton – The Ingenious Scientist

Read and Understand

A. Choose the correct antonym for the italicized word.

Sir Isaac Newton The Ingenious Scientist Question 1.
His Grandmother was very kind to him.
(a) affectionate
(b) loving
(c) disrespectful
(d) cruel
Answer:
(d) cruel

Sir Isaac Newton The Ingenious Scientist Questions And Answers Question 2.
The boy seemed to have a taste for mathematics.
(a) delicious
(b) sweet
(c) distaste
(d) against
Answer:
(c) distaste

Sir Isaac Newton The Ingenious Scientist Summary Question 3.
Isaac possessed a wonderful faculty of acquiring knowledge.
(a) owned
(b) controlled
(c) lacks
(d) have
Answer:
(c) lacks

The Ingenious Scientist Questions And Answers Question 4.
He was observed to be usually busy with his tools.
(a) Common
(b) rarely
(c) unwantedly
(d) usually
Answer:
(b) rarely

B. Answer the following questions in a sentence or two.

8th English Sir Isaac Newton Question 1.
Who was taking care of Newton after his father’s death?
Answer:
His grandmother was taking care of Newton after his father’s death.

Sir Isaac Newton The Ingenious Scientist Book Back Answers Question 2.
What did Isaac manufacture at his young age?
Answer:
Isaac manufactured a set of little tools and saws of various sizes.

Sir Isaac Newton – The Ingenious Scientist Question 3.
How did the young boy find the strength of the wind?
Answer:
The young boy found the strength of the wind by first jumping against the wind. According to the length of his jump, he could calculate the force of a gentle breeze, a brisk gale or a tempest.

Sir Isaac Newton 8th Standard Question 4.
Why were his friends attracted by the windmill?
Answer:
His friends were attracted by the windmill because they thought that they had not seen anything so pretty and wonderful in the whole world.

Isaac Was Chiefly Remarkable For His Ingenuity Answers Question 5.
How was he honoured by the king?
Answer:
Newton was made a Member of the Parliament and received the honour of knighthood from the king.

C. Answer the following in about 100 words.

Isaac Newton The Ingenious Scientist Question 1.
Why did some of Newton’s friends advice his grand mother to apprentice him to a clock maker?
Answer:
In his early years, Newton was chiefly remarkable in his ability to invent things. He had manufactured a set of little tools and saws of various sizes. With the help of these things, he invented curious articles, at which he worked with so much skill. His friends and neighbours admired at the things manufactured by him. Some of his friends advised his grandmother to apprentice him to a clock maker because, besides his mechanical skill, Newton seemed to have a taste for mathematics, which would be very useful to him in that profession. After sometimes he could set up one for himself.

Sir Isaac Newton Questions And Answers Question 2.
How did Newton learn about the way a windmill operated?
Answer:
Newton frequently went to the windmill that operated on a new plan. He spent hours in examining the various parts of the windmill. When the mill was not working, he examined its internal machinery. When the windmill’s broad sails were in motion by the wind, Newton examined the process by which the mill-stones revolved and crushed the grains, put into its hopper. Thus Newton gained a thorough knowledge of the construction and operation of the windmill.

8th English Sir Isaac Newton Questions And Answers Question 3.
Mention some of Newton’s inventions.
Answer:
Sir Isaac Newton is best known for his laws of motion. In mathematics, his inventions included laying the groundwork for differential and integral calculus. His inventions in mechanics and gravitation were summarised in ‘The Principia’.

The reflecting telescope and Binomial Theorem were also some of his best inventions. He was the first to find out the nature of light. He invented the reflecting telescope which was used to view and map out the orbits of the planets. He also used his theory of gravity to calculate the elliptical orbits of planets around the sun accurately.

Vocabulary

Homonyms

Two or more having the same spelling but different meanings and origins

Write a sentence of your own for each homonyms.

Isaac Newton Questions And Answers Question 1.
(a) Bright – very smart or intelligent
Answer:
He was a bright student

(b) Bright – filled with light
Answer:
The hall was bright with colourful lights

Question 2.
(a) Express – something done fast
Answer:
Please send it by express mail.

(b) Express – convey
Answer:
She expressed her sorrow to her friends

Question 3.
(a) Kind – type
Answer:
Please show us this kind of material.

(b) Kind – caring
Answer:
Her teacher was kind to her.

Question 4.
(a) Well – in good health
Answer:
I did surprisingly well in my history test.

(b) Well – water
Answer:
There is a big well at back of this building.

Phrasal Verbs

A phrase that consists of a verb with a preposition or adverb or both, the meaning of which is different from the meaning of its separate parts :
“Catch on” is a phrasal verb which means to understand

Write the meaning for the phrasal verbs.

1. look into
2. give up
3. put off
4. get on
5. take off

Answers:

1. to examine
2. surrender
3. postpone
4. manage
5. depart

Use the following phrasal verbs in your own sentence.

1. put up with : I can’t put up with it any longer.
2. keep on : Keep on going and never give up.
3. look after : She looked after her old grandmother.
4. take over : Who will take over the leadership of the club?
5. go through : I apologize for what you had to go through.

Listening

Listen to the passage carefully and write the answer:

Fleming’s thought at breakfast

Sir Alexander Fleming, who discovered penicillin, was once forced into an interview in New York by two journalists just as he was about to have breakfast. One of them asked him, ‘Sir, what are you thinking about right now? We wish to know what a great scientist think while getting ready for breakfast’.

Fleming mused a while on the question and he replied, ‘I am thinking of something very special.’ The journalist, who were all ears, drew themselves forward. ‘I am thinking, whether to have one egg or two’.

Question 1.
Name the scientist.
Answer:
Alexander Fleming.

Question 2.
What did he discover?
Answer:
He discovered Penicillin

Question 3.
Who approached the scientist?
Answer:
Two journalists approached the scientist.

Question 4.
What was the question asked by the journalist?
Answer:
The journalist asked what Alexander Fleming was thinking then while getting ready for breakfast.

Question 5.
When did they meet the scientist?
Answer:
They met the scientist when he was about to have his breakfast.

Speaking

The intelligence of animals was being discussed in the court of king Krishna devaraya. “Cats are most intelligent,” said one minister. Others in the court agreed with the minister. They started describing how clever their own cats were. Each one claimed his own cat was the smartest.

The king wanted to hold a competition for cats. “The cat that does something which no other cat can do will be declared the winner,” announced the king.

The following week, the courtiers came with their cats. Raman of Tenali also brought his cat to the court. The king wanted to give a treat to the cats first. Milk was served to the cats in golden plates.

The moment they saw the milk, all cats rushed towards it. Only one cat ran in the opposite direction— away from the milk. The king was surprised to see this strange behavior. Raman said with a smile, “Maharaj, all cats ran towards milk. My cat ran away from milk. My cat has done what no other cat has done.” Krishnadevaraya agreed and declared Raman’s cat as the winner.

When Raman came to collect the prize, the king asked him how he trained his cat to do what no other cat could do. Raman smiled. “I wanted to make sure that my cat gets the best milk. So, I boiled the milk and poured it in a plate to cool it. The moment he saw milk, my cat came running to lick it up. Before I could stop him, he had the first lick and burnt his tongue. Since that day, whenever he sees milk in a plate he runs away.” The king and Raman had a hearty laugh.

Join in any group. Pick and support or oppose any one of the characters. Say some sentences for the oneybu suppdrt and say some sentences against the other one, to win.
Answer:
Tenali Raman:

King Krishnadevaraya’s minister Tenali Raman. He is generally known for his wit and humour. He manages to outwit everybody. He cleverly manages to win the competition for cats. The explanation he gives for his victory is witty and apt. He had an answer to any question thrown at him. His way of solving the problems faced by the king is amazing.

King Krishnadevaraya:

He has a well-organised administration system. He is the most feared and perfect king. But I would like to oppose his deeds in his court. Instead of spending his time for the welfare of his subjects, he has held a competition for cats to decide that the cats are the most intelligent animals. So I strongly oppose his act.

Writing

E-mail

Write a formal email to the young scientist Mr Sundar Pitchai CEO, Google requesting him for an appointment to interview .him.
Answer:
To: sundarpitchaiceo@gmail.com
Subject: An appointment for an interview.

Dear sir,

I am working in the news channel NDTV. I would like you to spare your precious time for us. We would like to interview you. We would be happy to know all about you and your achievements in Google. If you could give us an appointment to interview you, we would be extremely happy. Kindly let us know your acceptance date and timings for this interview.

Thank you,
Regards,
Ganesh Malhotra.

Grammar

Conjunctions

1. Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with suitable conjunctions from the box:

If, after, unless, until, and, till, although, so, because, but.

1. I returned home the bus had started.
2. I respect him he is very strict.
3. Sudharshan will succeed he works hard.
4. Aravinth Arun are classmates from their childhood.
5. You can’t have your fruits you take your food.

Answers:

1. after
2. although
3. because
4. and
5. unless

2. Choose the correct conjunctions from the options given in the brackets.

1. Everyone likes him _______ he is very helpful, (because/for)
2. _______ it was cloudy, we decided to take an umbrella, (so/as)
3. Rathi found her watch _______ she left it. (wherever/where)
4. I don’t know _______ I can afford to buy a new dress, (whether/why)
5. _______ he was ill, he went to the doctor, (as / though)

Answers:

1. because
2. so
3. where
4. whether
5. as

3. Underline the conjunctions in the following sentences.

Question 1.
Revathy and Rohini are friends.
Answer:
Revathy and Rohini are friends.

Question 2.
If you say so, I will believe it.
Answer:
If you say so, I will believe it.

Question 3.
Shekar is intelligent but careless.
Answer:
Shekar is intelligent but careless.

Question 4.
The bus was overcrowded so Arun avoided travelling in it.
Answer:
The bus was overcrowded so Arun avoided travelling in it.

Question 5.
Though Vinay is ill, he doesn’t skip the class.
Answer:
Though Vinay is ill, he doesn’t skip the class.

Sir Isaac Newton – The Ingenious Scientist Additional Questions

I. Choose the correct Synonyms for the Italicized words :

Question 1.
A ship is seen tossing up and down on the waves.
(a) moving
(b) rotating
(c) spinning
(d) circulating
Answer:
(a) moving

Question 2.
His grandmother was never weary of talking about him.
(a) fresh
(b) energetic
(c) tired
(d) active
Answer:
(c) tired

Question 3.
He could calculate the force of a tempest.
(a) gale
(b) breeze
(c) flood
(d) violent storm
Answer:
(d) violent storm

Question 4.
He looked up with reverential curiosity at the stars.
(a) unconcern
(b) eagerness
(c) disregard
(d) normality
Answer:
(b) eagerness

Question 5.
He might have made the miniature figure of a man.
(a) giant
(b) enormous
(c) very small model
(d) jumbo
Answer:
(c) very small model

Question 6.
He pried into its internal machinery.
(a) ignored
(b) failed
(c) neglected
(d) investigated
Answer:
(d) investigated

II. Choose the correct antonyms for the Italicized words.

Question 1.
Isaac contrived to make many curious articles.
(a) created
(b) uncontrived
(c) invented
(d) planned
Answer:
(b) uncontrived

Question 2.
– or rather Newton ceased to live on earth.
(a) stopped
(b) closed
(c) quit
(d) continued
Answer:
(d) continued

Question 3.
Newton lived to be a very old man, renowned thinker.
(a) unknown
(b) celebrated
(c) notorious
(d) notable
Answer:
(a) unknown

Question 4.
Isaac’s playmates were enchanted with his new windmill.
(a) delighted
(b) spellbound
(c) bored
(d) charmed
Answer:
(c) bored

Question 5.
His mother’s second husband being now dead.
(a) deceased
(b) alive
(c) departed
(d) lifeless
Answer:
(b) alive

Question 6.
He was the first to find out the nature of Light.
(a) primary
(b) second
(c) last
(d) ahead
Answer:
(c) last

III. Choose the right answer (MCQ):

Question 1.
Isaac Newton was born on _______ day, in the year 1642.
(a) New year
(b) Christmas
(c) Republic
(d) Independence
Answer:
(b) Christmas

Question 2.
Isaac seemed to have born with a saw and _______ in his hand.
(a) chisel
(b) nail
(c) hammer
(d) knife
Answer:
(a) chisel

Question 3.
The windmill crushed the grains that was put into the _______
(a) mouth
(b) sails
(c) hopper
(d) box
Answer:
(c) hopper

Question 4.
The windmill’s broad sails were set in motion by the _______
(a) wind
(b) fan
(c) electricity
(d) water
Answer:
(a) wind

Question 5.
Isaac’s playmates were _______ with his new windmill.
(a) fancied
(b) enchanted
(c) admired
(d) bored
Answer:
(b) enchanted

Question 6.
Isaac engaged in Some books of _______ and philosophy.
(a) science
(b) mathematics
(c) accounts
(d) economics
Answer:
(b) mathematics

Question 7.
Isaac’s mind was so bent on becoming a _______
(a) teacher
(b) farmer
(c) scholar
(d) pilot
Answer:
(c) scholar

Question 8.
The story of an _______ falling on his head, led him to discover the force of gravitation.
(a) orange
(b) apple
(c) apricot
(d) coconut
Answer:
(b) apple

Question 9.
Isaac cared little for earthly
(a) fame
(b) riches
(c) positions
(d) degrees
Answer:
(a) fame

IV. Circle the Odd word :

1. Windmill, sun dial (steam engine), water clock
2. (lightening), gentle breeze, brisk gale, tempest

V. Very Short Questions and Answers :

Question 1.
How did Newton create many curious articles?
Answer:
Newton created many curious articles with the help of his little tools and saws of various sizes.

Question 2.
Which object made by Newton was of a great wonderment to all the people?
Answer:
The water-clock made by Newton was a wonderment to all the people.

Question 3.
How did Newton’s grandmother know the time in shade and in the sunlight?
Answer:
The water-clock told the time in the shade and the sun-dial in the sunlight.

Question 4.
Why did Isaac visit the windmill frequently?
Answer:
Isaac went to the windmill frequently to examine its various parts.

Question 5.
What was the size of the windmill made by Newton?
Answer:
The windmill made by the Isaac was of the size of the box-traps which boys set to catch squirrels. ‘

Question 6.
What had Newton forgotten while making the windmill?
Answer:
Newton had forgotten to make a miller for the windmill.

Question 7.
Sir Isaac Newton died in 1727. Express it in another way.
Answer:
Sir Isac Newton ceased to live on earth.

Question 8.
Name another astronomer besides Newton who was gifted with mechanical genius.
Answer:
David Rittenhouse.

VI. Give Short Answers :

Question 1.
What do you know about Newton’s grandmother?
Answer:
Newton’s old grandmother was kind and good to him. She sent him to school and never weary of talking pride words about him. She always believed that Issac would be a capital workman, do well in the world and be a rich man before he died. Grandma lived near a windmill. She used the sun-dial and water-dock made by Newton to know the time.

Question 2.
Describe the clock made by Newton.
Answer:
Newton made a clock which nobody had ever heard of before. It was set going, not by wheels and weights, like other clocks, but by the dropping of water. It was an object of wonderment to all the people around.

Question 3.
How did Newton gain a thorough knowledge of the windmill and why?
Answer:
Newton gained thorough knowledge of the windmill by frequently visiting the windmill near his grandma’s house. He spent many hours examining its parts, studied its internal machines, when the windmill was not working. When the sails were moving by the wind, he observed the process by which the mill-stones were made to revolve and crush the grains that was put into the hopper.

Newton gained a thorough knowledge of the windmill to construct a similar model of the windmill on his own.

Question 4.
Describe the sails of the windmill which Newton made.
Answer:
The little sails of the windmill constructed by Newton were made of linen. They whirled round very swiftly when the mill was placed before a current of air. Even a little puff of air was sufficient to set the sails in motion.

Question 5.
What truth does Newton reveal when he speaks about the Miller?
Answer:
Newton reveals that few two-legged fnen are dishonest like the small four legged animals. Newton did not make a miller for his windmill. He could have made a miniature figure of a man, but it would not operate the windmill. Hence the author writes that some human is dishonest.

Question 6.
Why did Newton’s mother send him back to school?
Answer:
After Newton’s stepfather died, his mother made him leave school and assist her in managing the farm at Woolsthorpe. Newton tried to put his attention on farming but couldn’t, as his mind was bent on becoming a scholar. So his mother sent him back to school.

Question 7.
What is the comment of the author Nathaniel Hawthorne about Sir Isaac Newton after his death?
Answer:
The author Nathaniel Hawthorne says that even after the spirit of Isaac Newton left his mortal body, it is still searching the endless wisdom and goodness of God and Creator even more sincerely. He also says that the fame of Isaac would stay forever as , his name is written in letters of light, formed by the stars in the mid sky.

VII. Answer in detail:

Question 1.
Explain the hard work put by Isaac Newton while he contrived various things?
Answer:
Isaac put great and different ways of hard work. To find the strength of wind, he jumped against the wind. He often walked to the windmill near his grandmother’s house. He spent many hours examining, observing, gaining knowledge and unusually busy working with his tools.

As Isaac grew older, he isolated himself, thought deeply, read books. At right, he looked at the stars for hours. He never permitted his mind to rest, until he searched all the laws about the sky, stars and planets. While doing researches on these, he spent night after night in a lofty tower, gazing at the heavenly bodies through the telescope without sleeping.

Question 2.
What were the queries Isaac had in his mind about the ‘heavenly bodies’?
Answer:
Isaac wondered if the stars were worlds like our own, how great was their distance from the earth and what was the power that kept the stars in their courses. When the apple fell on his head, it made him think what made it fall down.

When he had once got hold of this idea, he never permitted his mind to rest until he had searched and made his findings. He felt he knew very little in comparison to what remained to be known by him.

Vocabulary – Additional

Homonyms

Write a sentence of your own for each homonyms

Question 1.
(a) park – to leave a vehicle temporarily
Answer:
Don’t park your car near my house.

(b) park – public land for recreation
Answer:
I go the park regularly.

Question 2.
(a) rose – a flower
Answer:
He has a rose garden.

(b) rose – past tense of ‘rise’
Answer:
Sales rose by 30% in the last month.

Question 3.
(a) letter – to write letters on a paper
Answer:
I wrote a letter to my friend.

(b) letter – a written symbol/character
Answer:
‘A’ is the first letter of alphabet.

Question 4.
(a) nail – the claw of a mammal
Answer:
I have broken my nail.

(b) nail – a pointed piece of a metal
Answer:
I hanged the key on a nail.

Phrasal Verbs

I. Write the meaning for the phrasal verbs:

1. bear with
2. carry out
3. give away
4. put out
5. step down
6. passed away
7. in vain
8. inferior to
9. thirst for
10. endowed with

Answers:

1. tolerate
2. perform
3. distribute
4. extinguish
5. resign
6. died
7. in failure
8. of a lower level
9. yearn
10. naturally to have a particular quality

II. Use the following phrasal verbs in your own sentence:

1. passed away : The old man passed away yesterday.
2. in vain : The attempts of the police to trace the dacoits were in vain.
3. inferior to : Junk foods are inferior to home-made dishes.
4. thirst for : Today’s youth thirst for challenging tasks.
5. endowed with : My grandmother is endowed with a healing touch.

Writing Skills – E-Mail

Last week you were caught in a sudden shower of Rain. Write an e-mail to your friend describing the experience.
Answer:
E-mail

Date: Monday, 16 March 2019
From: padmini631@gmail.com
Jo: shamini@yahoo.com
Sub: showers of rain

Dear Shamini,

Hi!

Thanks for the lovely birthday gift you gave me. On my return from the movie show and after you left for your home, I got caught in a sudden shower of rain. The sky darkened and the heaven opened and I was caught in a heavy downpour. I have no umbrella or raincoat. I was completely drenched. Luckily, I saw a street vendor nearby selling umbrellas. I hastily bought one. I think I used it just for five minutes. When the rain stopped and the sun started shining, my wet cloth got dried immediately. When I reached home. I looked fresh as I was before the rain.

With Love.
Padmini

Grammar Additional

Conjunctions

A conjunction is a joining word that joins words, groups of words or sentences.

Question 1.
Co-ordinating conjunctions join sentences of equal rank.
Eg: Ravi is singing and Raj is playing the guitar.

Question 2.
Subordinating conjunctions join sentences of unequal rank.
Eg: I rang up my mother because she was not at home.

Question 3.
Correlative conjunctions are used in pairs.
Eg: Produce your hall ticket so that you may write the exam.

I. Join the pair of sentences using – and, but, or.

Question 1.
Our English teacher is fair. Our science teacher is dark.
Answer:
Our Englislyteacher is fair but-our science teacher is dark.

Question 2.
My brother has a motor bike. He has a car, too.
Answer:
My brother has a motor bik& an&a-car.

Question 3.
The cup fell. It did not break.
Answer:
The cup fell but it did not break.

Question 4.
Keep quiet. Go away.
Answer:
Keep quiet or go away.

Question 5.
He is honest. He is hard working.
Answer:
He is honest and hard working.

II. Complete these sentences by adding suitable endings.

1. He is old and _______
2. They were punished because _______
3. Mother telephoned at ten O’clock but _______
4. Finish your homework quickly or _______
5. Give me the keys and _______
6. They returned early because _______
7. Come back soon or _______
8. Neha is clever but _______

Answers:

1. can’t walk fast
2. they were absent
3. I did not pick
4. I will not take you to the fair
5. I will open the door
6. the programme got over soon
7. cancel the order
8. not shrewd

III.
(a) Fill in the blanks with Co-ordinating conjunctions :

1. Eat the cake with a spoon _______ fork, (but, so, or, for)
2. Priya refuses to eat eggs _______ will she touch mutton, (for, nor, so, or)
3. Brinda will be late to school _______ she has a doctor appointment, (but, or, for,’nor)
4. I am a man _______ I don’t wear sari, (so, yet, nor, but)
5. Iam a diabetic _______ I eat sweets often, (or, for, so, yet)

Answers:

1. or
2. nor
3. for
4. so
5. yet

(b) Fill in the blanks with Subordinating conjunctions :

1. ______ you see them, you will recognise them. (Once, For, And, After)
2. Did he inform you ______ he left? (unless, before, once, If)
3. ______ it rain, the school will work (When, Once, Even if, Unless)
4. I met him ______ I was in Delhi, (after, when, because, if)
5. I will never be the same ______ I joined this school, (since, yet, inspite of, if)

Answers:

1. Once
2. before
3. Even if
4. when
5. since

(c) Fill in the blanks with Correlative conjunctions :

1. I will eat sandwich _______ noodles for breakfast, (either, or / neither, nor / such, that)
2. The company deals in _______ hardware _______ software (whether, or / both, and / not only, but also)
3. Prabhu likes _______ cricket _______ hockey (either, or / neither, nor / both, and)
4. I didn’t know _______ you will come _______ not (neither, nor / either, or / whether, or)
5. I can drive a bike a car (neither, nor / either, or / not only, but also)

Answers:

1. either, or
2. both, an
3. neither, nor
4. wheather, or
5. not only, but also

Sir Isaac Newton – The Ingenious Scientist Summary

Section – I

Isaac Newton was born in 1642 in a village in England.

He was brought up by his kind grandmother. During his school days, he was remarkable for his ingenuity. He invented curious articles with his tools. His neighbours and grandmother admired his inventions and believed he would be a capital workman in future.

His friends wanted him to be an apprentice for a clockmaker. Newton was good in mechanical and maths skills. He made curious clocks like the dancing figures, the sailing ship as the pendulum vibrates and the clock that worked by the dropping of water.

Newton also made a sun-dial which is still in his house at Woolsthorpe. He could acquire knowledge in simple ways. Like, to find the strength of the wind, he jumped against the wind and by the length of his jump, he calculated the force of the wind.

Newton frequently went to the new windmill near his house and examined its parts and internal machines for many hours. When the windmill was working, he watched the process by which the mill-stones revolved and crushed the grains. Thus he learnt about the construction of the windmill and he made his own small windmill with available materials like box-traps, linen for sails. When this windmill was placed in the air, even a puff of wind from Newton’s mouth made the windmill work and the handful of grains put into it turned to snow-white flour.

Read and Understand

A. Fill iii the blanks.

1. Issac Newton was born at _______
2. Grand mother was advised to apprentice him to a _______
3. Isaac made a clock, by the dropping of _______
4. The sun-dial made by Isaac is still in existence at _______
5. Isaac constructed a model of the _______

Answers:

1. Small village of Woolsthorpe in England
2. clockmaker
3. water
4. woolsthorpe
5. windwill

B. Choose the correct synonyms for the italicized words.

Question 1.
Isaac was chiefly remarkable for his ingenuity.
(a) common
(b) notable
(c) neglected
(d) unknown
Answer:
(b) notable

Question 2.
He will make a capital workman.
(a) wealth
(b) excellent
(c) profitable
(d) head
Answer:
(a) wealth

Question 3.
Nobody could tell what the sunshine was composed of.
(a) made
(b) known
(c) full
(d) felt
Answer:
(a) made

Question 4.
But he cared little for earthly fame and honors.
(a) disrespect
(b) attraction
(c) proud
(d) popularity
Answer:
(d) popularity

Section – II

Isaac Newtons playmates always admired his toys, particularly the windmills. But one of his friends said that he had forgotten something in the making of the windmill, when Isaac was sure that it lacked nothing. It lacked a miller.

As Isaac grew older, he started thinking beyond making toys. He isolated himself, thought deeply, read some book of mathematics or philosophy and at nights he observed the stars. He asked himself many curious questions about the world of stars, their distance from earth, their orbits, hold force and so on.

After fourteen years he helped his widow mother, but his mind was bent to become a scholar. So his mother sent him to the University of Cambridge.

Isaac was the first to find the nature of Light. When an apple fell on his head, he discovered the force of gravitation. He tracked the orbits of the planets and stars on the sky. When he was doing his researches, he spent all nights on a tower, gazing the heavenly bodies through a telescope. His mind was above this world. He spent most of his life in the world that lie millions of miles away.

Sir Isaac Newton died in 1727 when he was 85 years old. He was a Member of Parliament and received the honour of knighthood from the king. But he was not proud of his earthly fame or knowledge. His name is written in letters of light, formed by the stars in mid sky.

Mr. George and Mr. Temple remark that if Isaac had lived longer, he would have found all the other inventions of today too.

Students can Download English Lesson 1 The Nose-Jewel Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 8th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 8th English Solutions Term 3 Prose Chapter 1 The Nose-Jewel

The Nose Jewel Lesson Plan Read And Understand

A. Choose the correct synonyms for the italicized words

The Nose Jewel Question Answer Question 1.
Nice fun indeed.
(a) infact
(b) doubtedly
(c) fine
Answer:
(a) infact

The Nose Jewel Question 2.
The poor woman is in a panic.
(a) fear
(b) grid
(c) crash
Answer:
(a) fear

The Nose Jewel Fill In The Blanks Answers Question 3.
The mother consoled her little girl.
(a) pretended
(b) comforted
(c) left
Answer:
(b) comforted

The Nose Jewel Book Back Answers Question 4.
You are always self-centred.
(a) egoistic
(b) generous
(c) heroic
Answer:
(a) egoistic

8th English The Nose Jewel Question Answer Question 5.
What is the secret you are whispering?
(a) rumour
(b) murmur
(c) louder
Answer:
(b) murmur

B. Find the antonym for the following words.

1. Delight × displease
2. Disgrace × glory
3. Careless × careful
4. Secret × public
5. confine × release

C. The Nose Jewel Question Answer

8th English Guide The Nose Jewel Question 1.
Where did the sparrows build the nest?
Answer:
The sparrows built the nest in a nice spot in the roof of Ramayya’s house.

The Nose Jewel Lesson Summary Question 2.
Why did the bird drop diamond stud?
Answer:
The wife bird shouted at the male bird to go in search of food. So it dropped the diamond stud.

The Nose Jewel Questions And Answers Question 3.
What were the words of Meenakshi Ammal to her daughter?
Answer:
Meenakshi Ammal told her daughter not to tell her father about the lost diamond nose-stud.

The Nose Jewel Fill In The Blanks Question 4.
Who was suspected of stealing the diamond nose stud?
Answer:
The maid-servant Kuppayi was suspected of stealing the diamond nose stud.

The Nose Jewel Lesson Question Answers Question 5.
What did Ramayya’s wife do with the stud?
Answer:
Ramayya’s wife put the stud away in her box.

The Nose Jewel 8th Standard Question 6.
What happened to Ramayya’s wife at the end?
Answer:
Ramayya’s wife developed a severe fever and was confined to her bed.

D. Answer the following in about 100 words.

The Nose Jewel Lesson Answers Question 1.
Why did the sparrow throw the nose jewel into Ramayya’s house?
Answer:
One day, the male sparrow found a diamond nose-jewel in a heap. He picked it up and came to the nest with the shining stud in his beak and informed his wife about it. The female bird shouted at him and told him that the diamond jewel was not of any use to her. She asked the male sparrow to search food for their young ones. So the bird dropped the diamond stud on the floor and went out in search of little worms for the young ones.

The Nose Jewel Story Summary Question 2.
Explain how Ramayya’s wife reacted when she saw the nose jewel?
Answer:
When Ramayya’s wife was sweeping the floor she found the diamond nose stud. She picked it up with delight and wore it. Her husband told her that it was a mistake to keep the jewel. She did not bother about it. She knew that the jewel belonged to her neighbour’s daughter. Yet she did not reveal about it to anyone. The maid servent of the neighbour was suspected. The police searched her hut, but could not find it. Ramayya’s wife put the stud away in her box. She soon developed a server fever and was confined to her bed.

The Nose-Jewel Additional Questions

I. Choose the correct Synonyms for the Italicized words :

The Nose Jewel Summary In English Question 1.
The female sparrow said with disdain, “Let me see what help you can do for him”.
(a) respect
(b) scorn
(c) value
(d) admire
Answer:
(b) scorn

8th Standard English The Nose Jewel Question 2.
Find some grub; the young ones are hungry.
(a) food
(b) smoothen
(c) poison
(d) task
Answer:
(a) food

The Nose Jewel Summary Question 3.
She is very careless and ignorant,
(a) educated
(b) unaware
(c) polite
(d) humble
Answer:
(b) unaware

The Nose Jewel Lesson Fill In The Blanks Question 4.
If tomorrow the police should come and search our house, it will be disgrace to us.
(a) honour
(b) glory
(c) praise
(d) dishonour
Answer:
(d) dishonour

The Nose Jewel Answers Question 5.
The maid-servant Kuppayi was suspected by everyone to have stolen it.
(a) knew
(b) doubted
(c) amazed
(d) believed
Answer:
(b) doubted

Samacheer Kalvi 8th English Book Solutions The Nose Jewel Question 6.
Ramayya’s heart was in aflutter.
(a) calm
(b) still
(c) steady
(d) flap
Answer:
(d) flap

Thenosejewel Question 7.
She was confined to her bed.
(a) invasive
(b) restricted
(c) released
(d) freed
Answer:
(b) restricted

8th English The Nose Jewel Question 8.
The loss of the jewel had to be admitted.
(a) dismissed
(b) excluded
(c) accepted
(d) refused
Answer:
(c) accepted

Question 9.
“And a good thing too”, said the cruel male sparrow.
(a) merciful
(b) kind
(c) merciless
(d) compassionate
Answer:
(c) merciless

Question 10.
The male bird answered gravely, “Did I tell her to steal the thing?”
(a) seriously
(b) cheerfully
(c) joyfully
(d) happily
Answer:
(a) seriously

II. Choose the correct antonyms for the Italicized words,

Question 1.
“Why does the lady of this house always quarrel with her husband?”
(a) fight
(b) argue
(c) agree
(d) shout
Answer:
(c) agree

Question 2.
“Please do not talk about what does not concern us.”
(a) anxiety
(b) worry
(c) uneasiness
(d) disregard
Answer:
(d) disregard

Question 3.
The male bird went out in search of little worms for the young ones.
(a) ignore
(b) seek
(c) find
(d) quest
Answer:
(a) ignore

Question 4.
We should go and deliver it to the village magistrate.
(a) bring
(b) hand over
(c) collect
(d) give
Answer:
(c) collect

Question 5.
He would go into a rage if he knew that you had lost the diamond nose-stud.
(a) anger
(b) fury
(c) passion
(d) peace
Answer:
(d) peace

Question 6.
The loss of the jewel had to be admitted.
(a) confessed
(b) denied
(c) allowed
(d) entered
Answer:
(b) denied

Question 7.
Everyone thought that Kuppayi had stolen it.
(a) sacked
(b) swiped
(c) donated
(d) robbed
Answer:
(c) donated

Question 8.
She soon developed a severe fever and was confined to her bed.
(a) minor
(b) great
(c) intense
(d) harsh
Answer:
(a) minor

Question 9.
The lady of the house is scared and is down with fever.
(a) afraid
(b) frightened
(c) confident
(d) timid
Answer:
(c) confident

Question 10.
This is bound to happen when human are beings greedy.
(a) generous
(b) self-centred
(c) grabby
(d) miserly
Answer:
(a) generous

III. Choose the right answer (MCQ):

Question 1.
He was not rich but could take care of his _________
(a) wife
(b) children
(c) mother
(d) family
Answer:
(d) family

Question 2.
_________ sparrows built a nest in a nice spot in the roof of Ramayyas house.
(a) Four
(b) Five
(c) Two
(d) Three rerca
Answer:
(c) Two

Question 3.
The female sparrow said with _________ , “Let me see what help you can do for him”.
(a) disdain
(b) contempt
(c) hatred
(d) love
Answer:
(a) disdain

Question 4.
The bird dropped the _________ stud on the floor.
(a) gold
(b) diamond
(c) silver
(d) metal
Answer:
(b) diamond

Question 5.
_________ questioned her angrilv.
(a) Meenakshi Ammal
(b) Ramayyas wife
(c) Ramayya
(b) Kuppayi
Answer:
(c) Ramayya

Question 6.
She is verv careless and _________ .
(a) silly
(b) ignorant
(c) innocent
(d) foolish
Answer:
(b) ignorant

Question 7.
She picked it up with _________
(a) joy
(b) sorrow
(c) delight
(d) disgrace
Answer:
(c) delight

Question 8.
The loss of the jewel had to be _________
(a) accepted
(b) announced
(c) told
(d) admitted
Answer:
(d) admitted

Question 9.
The _________ came and searched her hut.
(a) thief
(b) Ramayya
(c) Meenakshi Ammal
(d) police
Answer:
(d) police

Question 10.
Ramayya’s wife put the _________ away in her box.
(a) ring
(b) stud
(c) chain
(d) bangle
Answer:
(b) stud

IV. Very Short Questions and Answers :

Question 1.
Wh ere did Ramayya live?
Answer:
Ramayya was a simple man who lived in a town.

Question 2.
What did the male-bird find?
Answer:
The male-bird found a diamond stud in a heap.

Question 3.
What did Ramavva’s wife notice?
Answer:
Ramayya’s wife noticed the diamond stud, as she was sweeping the floor.

Question 4.
Who was Kuppavi?
Answer:
Kuppayi was the maid-servant of Meenakshi Ammal.

Question 5.
Did the police find anything?
Answer:
The police could not find anything

V. Short Questions and Answers :

Question 1.
What did the male-bird say to the female-bird about Ramayya’s wife?
Answer:
The male-bird complained to his wife that Ramayya’s wife always quarrelled with his wife.

Question 2.
What was the state of Ramayya, when the police was searching the stud?
Answer:
Ramayya’s heart was in a flutter. He was frightened that the police would come to his house and search for the stud.

VI. Paragraph Question and Answer :

Question 1.
What is the moral of the story ‘The Nose-Jewel’?
Answer:
The moral of the The Nose Jewel Story In English is that ‘we should never be greedy for what belongs to others’. Greediness will cause pain. Mrs. Ramayya found the diamond nose stud, when she was sweeping the floor. It didn’t belong to her. But she was delighted to find it and wore it. She did not feel guilty, that she was wearing someone else’s jewel. He husband warned her not to take it. But she did not pay heed to his words. After some time, she developed a severe fever and was confined to her bed. The couple spent the rest of their life in fear.

Vocabulary

Eponymous Words

E. Fill in the blanks with correct Meaning and Eponym for the given words.
Answer:

Word	Meaning	Eponym
saxophone	A woodwind instrument made of brass and played with a single-reed mouthpiece.	Adolphe Sax, Belgian – born inventor, was the designer of the saxophone.
volcano	A rupture in the crust of a planetary mass object.	Vulcan, the God of fire in Roman mythology.
Eiffel Tower	It is a wrought-iron lattice tower on the champ de Mars in Paris, France.	Gustave Eiffel, an Engineer. His company designed and built the tower.
Boycott	At act of voluntary absence from using, buying or dealing with a person or organization.	Captain Charles C. Boycott, an Irish land agent.
Mount Everest	The world’s highest mountain above sea-level.	Sir George Everest the surveyor General of India.

Euphemistic Words

F. Fill in the blanks with correct Euphemisms for the given words.
Answer:

Deaf, or hard of hearing	Hearing-impaired
Mentally ill	Intellectually impaired
Fat	Big-boned
Blind	Visually impaired
liar	Spinning a yarn

Grammar Additional

Eponymous Words

An eponym refers to a person or thing after which something else is named. Words whose origin is traced to individuals are known as eponymous words.

A. Fill in the blanks with correct Meaning and Eponym for the given words

Word	Meaning	Eponym
Atlas
Braille
Celsius
Fahrenheit

Answer:

Word	Meaning	Eponym
Atlas	A book of maps	In Greek mythology, Atlas was the God of astronomy. He was forced to support the heavens upon his shoulders.
Braille	A writing system which allows blind or visually impaired people to read.	Louis Braille (1809-1852) suffered an eye injury as a small child and went blind. He developed his own writing system of raised dots.
Celsius	a temperature scale (0°C – 100°C)	Anders Celsius (1701-1744), a Swedish professor, developed the idea behind the temperature scale. The Celsius temperature scale was named after him.
Fahrenheit	One method of measuring temperature.	Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit (1686-1736) was a German physicist. The Fahrenheit temperature scale was named after him.

Euphemistic Words
Euphemisms are polite, mild phrases which substitute unpleasant ways of saying something sad or uncomfortable.

B. Fill in the blanks with correct Euphemisms for the given words.

Word	Euphemisms
Housewife
Old people
Short
Prison
Toilet
Homeless
Lazy
Lunatic asylums

Answer:

Word	Euphemisms
Housewife	homemaker
Old people	senior citizen
Short	vertically challenged
Prison	correctional facility
Toilet	restroom
Homeless	on the street
Lazy	couch potato
Lunatic asylums	mental institutions

Greetings In Informal Conversations

Practising Dialogue

C. complete the following dialogue

Amala: Sanjay,_____(i)_____
Sanjay: Hi Amala_____(ii)_____I’m just hanging out. What’s up with you?
Amala: It’s a good day. I’m feeling fine.
Sanjay: How is your sister?
Amala: Oh, fine. Not much has changed.
Sanjay: Well, I have to go _____(iii)_____
Amala: Later!
Answer:
(i) what’s up
(ii) Nothing much
(iii) Nice seeing you!

Greetings In Formal Conversations

Practising Dialogue

C. Complete the following dialogue :

Cecily : Good morning.
Prabu : Good morning _____(i)_____
Cecily : I’m very well thank you. And you?
Prabu : _____(ii)_____Thank you for asking.
Cecily : Do you have a meeting this morning?
Prabu : Yes, I do. Do you have a meeting as well?
Cecily: Yes. Well. It was _____(iii)_____
Prabu : Goodbye.
Answer:
(i) How are you?
(ii) I’m fine
(iii) a pleasure seeing you

Listening

G. Listen to the passage carefully and choose the right answer.

“Why Do Birds Sing?”

Why do birds sing? You might assume that birds sing because they are happy. While birds might be happy, they sing in order to communicate. One reason they sing is to stake a claim on territory. Birds sing to warn other birds to stay off their property. For example, a robin might stake a claim on a piece of land which measures about 200 feet wide by 200 feet long. This amount of land provides enough worms for the robin to feed its family. A bird maintains singing perches around the outside edges of its territory. The perches are high in the trees, so other birds can see and hear it. Birds also sing to find a mate. The length and complexity of the mating song gives information about the fitness of the bird. Healthy birds can sing longer, more complicated songs. Birds call to one another in shorter vocalizations in order to warn of danger and to locate one another. Birds sing instinctively. Young birds learn to perfect their songs by listening to adult birds and interacting with other birds. Birds in a local area might learn variations in the basic song which help them recognize other members of their group.

Question 1.
Why do birds sing?
(A) To locate one another
(B) To warn other birds
(C) To find a mate
(D) All of the above
Answer:
(D) All of the above

Question 2.
Birds perch very high so _____ ?
(A) other birds can hear them
(B) other birds can see them
(C) they can hide there
(D) Both A and B are correct.
Answer:
(D) Both A and B are correct.

Question 3.
health Of a bird can be determined _____
(A) by the length of its song
(B) by the complexity
(C) by the volume of its Song
(D) Both A and B are correct
Answer:
(D) Both A and B are correct

Question 4.
Shorter bird vocalizations are _____
(A) territorial songs
(B) mating songs
(C) warnings
(D) None of the above
Answer:
(C) warnings

Question 5.
Young birds perfect their songs by _____
(A) natural instinct
(B) by the complexity of its song.
(C) practice
(D) Both A and B are correct.
Answer:
(B) by the complexity of its song.

Question 6.
Fitness is _____
(A) health
(B) danger
(C) a song
(D) a warning.
Answer:
(A) health

Question 7.
What help does a basic song do?
(A) recognize other members
(B) Maintain health
(C) Increase the length of their song
(D) Communicate with one another.
Answer:
(A) recognize other members

Writing

Forms

H. Fill in the Form given below.

Answer:

I. Fill in the Form given below.

Answer:

Grammar

Direct And Indirect Speech

A. Change the following into Indirect Speech :

Question 1.
“What do you want?” he said to her.
Answer:
He asked her what she wanted.

Question 2.
He said, “How’s your father?”
Answer:
He enquired how his father was.

Question 3.
“Are you coming home with me?” he asked.
Answer:
He asked him whether he was coming home with him.

Question 4.
The poor man exclaimed, “Will none of you help me?”
Answer:
The poor man asked in despair whether none of them would help him.

Question 5.
“Don’t you know the way home?” asked I.
Answer:
I asked whether he knew the way home.

B. Change the following into Indirect Speech :

Question 1.
“Bring me a glass of milk,” said the swami to the villagers.
Answer:
The swami commanded the villages to bring him a glass of milk.

Question 2.
Sit down, boys,” said the teacher.
Answer:
The teacher ordered the boys to sit down.

Question 3.
“Halt!” shouted the officer to his men.
Answer:
The officer shouted to his men to halt.

Question 4.
“Take off your hat,” the king said to the Hatter.
Answer:
The king ordered the Hatter to take off his hat.

Question 5.
The teacher said to him, “Do not read so fast.”
Answer:
The teacher commanded him not to read very fast.

Question 6.
He said to me, “Wait until I come.”
Answer:
He urged me to wait until he came.

Question 7.
“Hurry up,” he said to his servant, “do not waste time.”
Answer:
He ordered his servant to hurry up and not to waste time.

Question 8.
“Run away, children,” said their mother.
Answer:
Their mother urged the children to run away.

Question 9.
He said, “Daughter, take my golden jug, and fetch me some water from the Well.”
Answer:
He requested his daughter to take his golden jug and fetch him some water from the well.

Question 10.
“Go down to the bazaar. Bring me some oil and a lump of ice,” ordered his master.
Answer:
His master ordered him to go down to the bazaar and bring him some oil and a lump of ice.

C. Change the following into Indirect Speech :

Question 1.
He said, “My God! I am ruined.”
Answer:
He exclaimed sadly that he was ruined.

Question 2.
He said, “Alas! our foes are too strong.”
Answer:
He exclaimed sorrowfully that their foes were too strong.

Question 3.
“How smart you are!” she said.
Answer:
She exclaimed that he was very smart.

Question 4.
He said. “Oh ! that’s a nuisance.”
Answer:
He exclaimed with disgust that it was a nuisance.

Question 5.
He said, “What a pity you did not come!”
Answer:
He exclaimed with sorrow that he did not come.

D. What were the actual words used in each instance below? The sentences containing the actual words are listed afterwards in the wrong order. Write them out in the same order as the others.

1. Punitha asked Pushpa what she was reading.
2. Pushpa told her that he was reading Robinson Crusoe.
3. Punitha asked her what it was all about.
4. Pushpa said it was about a man wrecked on an island.
5. Punitha then asked her friend who gave her the book.
6. Pushpa answered that her uncle gave it to her at Christmas.
7. Finally Punitha inquired if she could borrow it.
8. Pushpa replied that she would certainly lend it to her.

(a) “May I borrow it?” inquired Punitha.
(b) “What are you reading, Pushpa?” asked Punitha.
(c) “It is about a man wrecked on an island,” Pushpa said.
(d) “Of course I will lend it to you,” replied Pushpa.
(e) “Uncle gave it to me at Christmas,’ answered Pushpa.
(f) “What is it all about?” Punitha asked.
(g) “I am reading Robinson Crusoe, Pushpa told her.
(h) “Who gave you the book, Pushpa?” Punitha then asked.
Answer:
(b) “What are you reading, Pushpa?” asked Punitha.
(g) “I am reading Robinson Crusoe”, Pushpa told her.
(f) “What is it all about?” Punitha asked.
(c) “It is about a man wrecked on an island,” Pushpa said.
(h) “Who gave you the book, Pushpa?” Punitha then asked.
(e) “Uncle gave it to me at Christmas,’ answered Pushpa.
(a) “May I borrow it?” inquired Punitha.
(d) “Of course I will lend it to you,” replied Pushpa.

E. Change the following into Direct Speech :

Question 1.
Nevin asked his father when the next letter would come.
Answer:
Nevin asked his father, “When will the next letter come?”

Question 2.
I wrote that I would visit him next day.
Answer:
I wrote, “I will visit you tomorrow”.

Question 3.
I told them to be quiet.
Answer:
I said to them, “Be quiet”.

Question 4.
Lakshan asked me if I had anything to say.
Answer:
He asked me, “Do you have anything to say”.

Question 5.
An old mouse asked who would bell the cat.
Answer:
An old mouse asked, “Who will bell the cat?”

Question 6.
Mervin said that he wanted to be a soldier.
Answer:
Mervin said, “I want to be a soldier”.

Question 7.
Elwin asked me what I wanted.
Answer:
He asked me, “What do you want?”

Question 8.
Bhagya said that she had seen that picture.
Answer:
Bhagya said, “I have seen this picture”.

Question 9.
The stranger asked Nasrin where she lived.
Answer:
The stranger asked Nasrin, “Where do you live?”

Question 10.
I asked Mary if she would lend me a pencil.
Answer:
I asked Mary, “Will you lend me a pencil?”.

F. Sherlyn receives a postcard from her friend Pushpa who is holidaying in Sri Lanka. She calls her friend Galen and tells him what Pushpa has written. Help her by filling in the blanks, using reported speech.

Answer:
Hello, Galen Today I received a postcard from Pushpa. Remember I had told you that She has gone to Sri Lanka on a holiday? Well, she has written from Colombo. She has written that she had visited Pinnawala Elephant Orphanage. It had 84 elephants. She said that it is the biggest herd of elephants in the world that is living under human supervision. She also added that she was glad that they had come there because she was learning a lot. The Elephant Orphanage was truly worth visiting. She said that next day, they are going to the national park. She would be returning next week and added that she was looking forward to meeting me then.

G. Convert the following into indirect speech.

a. Sharun said to me, ‘Are you coming to school tomorrow?’
Answer:
Sharun asked me if I am coming to school, the next day.

b. “We must visit the historical buildings of Delhi since we are here,’ said Ashok.
Answer:
Ashok said that they had to visit the historical building of Delhi, since they were there.

c. ‘Have you read The Wind in the Willows?’ asked Amutha.
Answer:
run Amutha asked whether he had read ‘The Wind in the Willows’.

d. Teacher said to us, ‘You must conduct the experiment very carefully.’
Answer:
The teacher told us that we had to conduct the experiment very carefully.

e. ‘Wow! That is great news!’ said Tejeswar.
Answer:
Tejaswar exclaimed happily that it was a great news.

The Nose-Jewel Grammar Additional

Direct And Indirect Speech

A. Change the following into indirect speech :

Question 1.
Ramu says, “I am busy”.
Answer:
Ramu says that he is busy.

Question 2.
Suresh said, “I like dancing”.
Answer:
Suresh said that he liked dancing.

Question 3.
He said, “I am going to the cinema”.
Answer:
He said that he was going to the cinema.

Question 4.
Ravi said, “I have bought a cycle”.
Answer:
Ravi said that he had bought a cycle.

Question 5.
Ram said, “Visu came at night”.
Answer:
Ram said that Visu had come at night. I

Question 6.
He said, “Honesty is the best policy”.
Answer:
He said that honesty is the best policy.

Question 7.
She said, “I have done my homework”.
Answer:
She said that she had done her homework.

Question 8.
He says, “I am happy”.
Answer:
He says that he is happy.

Question 9.
The teacher said, “Hari will definitely pass”.
Answer:
The teacher said that Hari would definitely pass.

Question 10.
Raju said, “I shall be here this evening”.
Answer:
Raju said that he would be there that evening.

B. Change the following into direct speech :

Question 1.
The teacher ordered the boys to leave that place.
Answer:
The teacher said to the boys, “Leave this place”.

Question 2.
I requested him to give me a glass of water.
Answer:
I said to him, “Please give me a glass of water”.

Question 3.
The captain ordered the soldiers to stand at ease.
Answer:
The captain said, “Stand at ease”.

Question 4.
My brother said that he might go to Kolkata.
Answer:
My brother said, “I may go to Kolkata”.

Question 5.
He said that the earth moves around the sun.
Answer:
He said, “The earth moves around the sun”.

Question 6.
Ravi asked Ganesh when he was going to the library.
Answer:
Ravi said to Ganesh, “When are you going to the library?”

Question 7.
The policeman ordered the.boy to show him his licence.
Answer:
The policeman said to the boy, “Show me your licence”.

Question 8.
She told him that she was going to the market then.
Answer:
She said to him, “I am going to the market now”.

Question 9.
He said that he was buying a cell phone that day.
Answer:
He said, “I am buying a cell phone today”.

Question 10.
He asked who I was.
Answer:
He said, “Who are you?”

Warm Up

What are the life lessons that you can learn form the birds? Match the birds with the characters given in the box and fill in the blanks.

Answer:

The Nose Jewel Summary By C Rajagopalachari

Ramayya was a simple man, who lived in a town. His house was made of tiled roots He lived with ‘made his wife. He was not rich. But took good care of his family. On the roof of his house, two sparrows built a nest. The mother-bird laid her eggs in it. The male-bird wanted to help Ramavya, as he noticed Ramayyas wife always quarrelling with him. But the female bird advised her male bird not to bother about-others. But to mind their own business.

One day, the male-bird found a diamond nose-jewel in a heap. When he showed it to his wife, she replied that it was of no use to her. So she asked him to find some food for the young ones. The bird dropped the diamond stud on the floor and went out in search of food.

Ramayyas wife noticed the jewel as she was sweeping the floor. She picked it with delight and wore it. Her husband shouted at her and told her that they should go and deliver it to the magistrate. But his wife wouldn’t want to part with it.

This nose-stud belonged to their neighbour, Meenakshi Ammal’s daughter. She forgot and left it in the bathroom. Kuppayi, their servant woman would have swept it out. Meenakshi Ammal consoled her daughter. She also advised her not to inform her father Ramanatham about the lost stud. He would become very angry. But her husband Ramanatham and the whole village knew about it. The maid servant was suspected to have stolen it. The police came and searched her hut. But they could not find it.

Ramayyas wife put the stud away in her box. She soon developed a severe fever and was always in her bed. The two birds witnessed all this and thought that “we should never be greedy for what belongs to others.” Ramayya and his wife spent the rest of their lives in fear of being caught.