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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 8th Social Science History Solutions Term 3 Chapter 2 Status of Women in India through the Ages

Samacheer Kalvi 8th Social Science Status of Women in India through the Ages Textual Evaluation

I. Choose the correct answer:

Status Of Women In India Through The Ages Question 1.
…………… society is constantly changing with additions, assimilation and omissions from within and outside.
(a) Human
(b) Animal
(c) Forest
(d) Nature
Answer:
(a) Human

Question 2.
The First woman doctor in India was
(a) Dharmambal
(b) Muthulakshmi Ammaiyar
(c) Moovalur Ramamirdham
(d) Panditha Ramabai
Answer:
(b) Muthulakshmi Ammaiyar

Question 3.
The practice of sat was abolished in.
(a) 1827
(b) 1828
(c) 1829
(d) 1830
Answer:
(c) 1829

Question 4.
B.M Malabar was a
(a) teacher
(b) doctor
(c) lawyer
(d) journalist
Answer:
(d) journalist

Question 5.
Which of the following was/were the reform movement(s)?
(a) Brahma Samaj
(b) Prarthana Samaj
(c) Arya Samaj
(d) all the above
Answer:
(d) all the above

Question 6.
The Bethune school was founded in by J.E.D. Bethune.
(a) 1848
(b) 1849
(c) 1850
(d) 1851
Answer:
(b) 1849

Question 7.
Which commission recommended to start primary schools for girls in 1882?
(a) Wood’s
(b) Welly
(c) Hunter
(d) Muddiness
Answer:
(c) Hunter

Question 8.
Sara’s child Marriage Bill fixing the minimum marriageable age for girls at.
(a) 11
(b) 12
(c) 13
(d) 14
Answer:
(d) 14

II. Fill in the Blanks:

  1. ……………. society was setup by the Christian missionaries in 1819.
  2. ……………. of Sivaganga fought bravely against the British.
  3. Servants of India Society was started by ……………
  4. ……………. was the one of the greatest social reformer of Tamil Nadu.
  5. Kandukuri Veeresalingam published a journal called …………….

III. Match the following:

  1. Theosophical society – Italian traveler
  2. Sarada Sadan – Social evil
  3. Wood’s Despatch – Annie Besant
  4. Niccolo Conti – Pandita RamaBhai
  5. Dowry – 1854

Answer:

  1. Theosophical society — Annie Besant
  2. Sarada Sadan — Pandita RamaBhai
  3.  Wood’s Despatch — 1854
  4. Niccolo Conti — Italian traveler
  5. Dowry — Social evil

IV. State True or False:

  1. Women were honoured in Rig Vedic period.
  2. Devadasi system was a social evil.
  3. Raja Rammohan Roy, was the pioneer of Indian social reform movement.
  4. Reservation of 23 percent to women envisaged an improvement in the sociopolitical status of women.
  5. The age of marriage was raised for boys and girls by the Sharda Act of 1930.

Answer:

  1. True
  2. True
  3. True
  4. False
  5. True

V. Choose the correct statement:

Question 1.
Find out the correct pair:
(a) Women’s university – Prof. D.K. Karve
(b) Justice Ranade – Arya Samaj
(c) Widow Remarriage Act – 1855
(d) Rani Lakshmi Bhai – Delhi
Answer:
(a) Women’s university – Prof. D.K. Karve

Question 2.
Find the odd
(a) Child marriage devadasi system)
(b) sati
(c) devadasi system
(d) widow remarriage
Answer:
(d) widow remarriage

Question 3.
Consider the following Statements
i) Begum Hazarat Mahal, Rani Lakshmi Bhai led an armed revolt against the British
ii) Velunachiyar of Sivaganga, Tamil Nadu fought bravely against the British Which of the statement (s) given above is/or correct?
(a) i only
(b) ii only
(c) i and ii
(d) neither i nor ii
Answer:
(c) i and ii

Question 4.
Assertion (A): Raja Rammohan Roy is most remembered by all Indians
Reason (R): He wiped out the evil practice of Sati form the Indian Society
(a) A and R are wrong
(b) A is correct and R is Wrong
(c) A is correct and R explains A
(d) A is correct and R does not explain A
Answer:
(c) A is correct and R explains A

VI. Answer the following in one or two sentences:

Quesstion 1.
Name the prominent leaders who fought for the enlistment of women.
Answer:
During the British Raj, many socioreligious reformers like Raja Rammohan Roy, Dayananda Saraswathi, Keshab Chandra Sen, Iswara Chandra Vidya Sagar, Pandita Ramabai, Dr. Muthulakshmi, Jyoti rao phule, Periyar E.V.R, Dr. Dharmambal were the prominent leaders who fought for the upliftment of women.

Question 2.
List out some social evils.
Answer:
Sat, child marriages, female infanticide, Purdah system and slavery were some of the social evils that existed in Indian Society.

Question 3.
Who were the notable women during the medieval period?
Answer:
Some of the notable women during the medieval period were Razia sultana, Queen Durgavati, Chand bibi, Nurjahan, Jahan nara, Jijabai and Mira bai.

Question 4.
Mention the important women freedom fighters of India.
Answer:
Velunachiyar of Sivaganga, Begum Hazrat Mahal and Rani Lakshmi Bhai of Jhansi were important women freedom fighters of India.

Question 5.
Give a note on Sati.
Answer:

  1. Sati was social evil that prevailed in Indian Society especially among the Rajputs,
  2. The feudal society of the time encouraged “sati” which meant self-immolation of the widow on the funeral pyre of her husband.
  3. Earlier it was a voluntary act but later by the relatives forced the widow to sit on the funeral pyre.

VII. Answer the following:

Question 1.
Trace the role of women in freedom struggle.
Answer:

  • The spread of female education led to several other social reforms of great consequences, such as the abolition of purdah system, participation of women in the freedom struggle.
  •  In the early anti-colonial Struggle women played major roles in various capacities,
  • Velunachiyar of Sivaganga fought violently against the British and restored her rule in Sivaganga.
  •  Begum Hazrat Mahal, Rani Lakshmi Bhai of Jhansi led an armed revolt of 1857* against the British.
  • In the freedom struggle thousands of women came out of their homes, boycotted foreign goods, marched in processions, defied laws, received lathi charges and Courted jails.

Quesstion 2.
Explain the contribution of the Social Reformers for the eradication of social evils.
Answer:
The contribution of the social reformers for the eradication of social evils is listed below.
(a) Raja Ram Mohan Roy:

  • Raja Rammohan Roy was, the pioneer of Indian social reform movement by abolishing sati in 1829 with the help of Lord William Bentinck.
  • He also protested against the child marriage and female infanticide and favoured the remarriage of widows.

(b) Ishwar Chandra Vidhyasagar:

  • Ishwar Chandra Vidhyasagar carried on the movement for female education, widow remarriage and abolition of polygamy in Bengal.
  • He was instrumental to passing of the Hindu Widow Remarriage Act in 1856.
  •  His son Narayanachandra set an example to others by marrying a widow of his choice.

(c) Kandukuri Veeresalingam:

  • Veeresalingam Pantulu published a journal Viveka Vardhani.
  • He opened his first girls’ school in 1874, and made widow remarriage and female education the key points of his programme for social reform.

(d) M.G. Ranade and B.M. Malabari:

  • In Bombay presidency, M.G. Ranade and B.M. Malabari carried on the movement
    for the upliftment of women.
  • In 1869, Ranade joined the Widow Remarriage Association and encouraged widow remarriage and female education.
  • He opposed child marriage..
  • In 1884, B.M. Malabari, a journalist, started a movement for the abolition of child marriage.

(e) Gopal Krishna Gokhale:
In 1905, Gopal Krishna Gokhale started the Servants of India Society to reform the society with various measures.

(f) Periyar E.V.R:
Periyar E.V.R. was one of the greatest social reformers of Tamil Nadu. He advocated upliftment of women education, widow remarriage and opposed child marriages.

(g) Women Reformers:

  • In 1889, Pandita Ramabai opened Sarada Sadan for Hindu widows in Bombay.
  • Dr. Annie Besant established Theosophical society to developed general social reform programme.
  • Dr. S.Dharmambal showed great interest in implementing widow remarriage and women education.
  • Moovalur Ramamirdham Ammaiyar opposed Devadasi system along with Dr. Muthulakshmi Ammaiyar.

Question 3.
Give a detailed account on the Impact of reform movement.
Answer:

  • Significant advances were made in the field of emancipation of women.
  • It created of national awakening among the masses.
  • It created the feeling of sacrifice, service and rationalism.
  • The practice of sati and infanticide were made illegal.
  • It permitted widow remarriage.
  • The following legislations have enhanced the status of women in matters of marriage adoption and inheritance.

Legislation Provisions:

  • Bengal regulation of XXI, 1804 – Female infanticide was declared illegal
  • Regulation of XVII, 1829 – Practice of sat was declared illegal
  • Hindus Widow’s Remarriage Act, 1856 – It permitted widow remarriage
  • The Native Marriage Act, 1872 – The Child Marriage was prohibited
  • The Sharda Act, 1930 – The age of marriage was raised for boys and girls
  • Devadasi abolition Act, 1947 – It abolished Devadasi system

Samacheer Kalvi 8th Social Science Status of Women in India through the Ages Additional Questions

I. Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
Which of the following put limitations and restrictions on the liberty of women?
(a) New Social practices
(b) New Customs
(c) New Systems
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(d) All of the above

Question 2.
Who fought for the upliftment of women?
(a) Keshab Chandra Sen
(b) Jyoti rao Phule
(c) Pandit Rama Bai
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(d) All of the above

Question 3.
When was there a transitional development in the status of women restricting her role in the social life?
(a) In Indus Valley Civilization
(b) In Rig Vedic period
(c) In Later Vedic period
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(c) In Later Vedic period

Question 4.
The social evils which affected the position of women in the medieval period was / were ……………..
(a) Purdah system
(b) Slavery
(c) Female infanticide
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(d) All of the above

Question 5.
The Mughal ruler …………… attempted to abolish sati.
(a) Aurangazeb
(b) Jahangir
(c) Akbar
(d) Babar
Answer:
(c) Akbar

Question 6.
Female infanticide was particularly in vogue in ……………
(a) Rajputana
(b) North Western Provinces
(c) Punjab
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(d) All of the above

Question 7.
Sati was abolished during the time of …………….
(a) Lord William Bentinck
(b) Lord Cornwallis
(c) Lord Wellesley
(d) Lord Dalhousie
Answer:
(a) Lord William Bentinck

Question 8.
The person who was nominated to the Tamil Nadu Legislative Council in 1929 was ……………
(a) Moovalur Ramamirdham
(b) Dr. Muthulakshmi Ammaiyar
(c) Pandit Rama Bai
(d) Rajaji
Answer:
(b) Dr. Muthulakshmi Ammaiyar

Question 9.
The person who was responsible for the abolition of polygamy in Bengal was.
(a) Raja Ram
(b) Dayananda Saraswathi,
(c) Periyar E.V.R
(d) Vidya Sagar
Answer:
(d) Vidya Sagar

Question 10.
Ranade started the National Social Conference in.
(a) 1829
(b) 1853
(c) 1887
(d) 1882
Answer:
(c) 1887

Question 11.
Dr. Annie Besant came to India from
(a) U.S.A
(b) Europe
(c) AustraliaAfrica
(d) Africa
Answer:
(b) Europe

Quesstion 12.
Dr. S. Dharmambal was very much influenced by the ideas of
(a) Gokhale
(b) Periyar
(c) Rajaji
(d) None ofthe above
Answer:
(b) Periyar

Question 13.
The National Commission for women was set up by January
(a) 1947
(b) 1950
(c) 1992
(d) 2000
Answer:
(c) 1992

II. Fill in the blanks:

  1. The position of women was not ……………. in all periods.
  2. The widow remarriage Act was passed in ……………..
  3. Among the Rajputs of Rajasthan ……………. was practiced.
  4. Purdah system became popular as a result of ……………. invasion.
  5. J.E.D. Bethune was the president of the council of education in ……………..
  6.  In ……………. the women’s medical service did a lot of work in training mid-wives.
  7. D.K. Karve established a number of female schools in ……………..
  8. Lady Harding Medical College was started in ……………..
  9. Bengal Regulatory Act XXI of 1795 banned the practice of …………….
  10. Child marriage was prevalent among the …………….
  11. Radhakanta Deb, and Bhawani Charan Banerji advocated the orthrodox Hindu opinion against the abolition of …………….
  12. The Person who was instrumental in passing the “Devadasi abolition bill” was …………….
  13. Narayanachandra was the son of …………….
  14. Pandit Ramabai’s greatest legacy was her effort to educate …………….
  15. Equal opportunity and equal pay for equal work in guaranteed by the Indian Constitution through …………….

Answer:

  1. uniform
  2. 1856
  3. Jauhar
  4. Muslim
  5. Calcutta
  6. 1914
  7. poona
  8. Delhi
  9. Female Infanticide
  10. tribes
  11. Sati
  12. Periyar E.V. Ramasamy
  13. Iswar Chandra Vidya sagar
  14. Widows
  15. Article 14

III. Match the following:

  1. Raja Rammohan Roy – a) Opened first girl’s school
  2. Vidhyasagar – b) Women Reformer
  3. Veeresalingam – c) Revolt of 1857
  4. Tarabai Shinde – d) Abolition of Sati
  5. Rani Laxmi Bai – e) Widow Remarriage

Answer:

  1. d
  2. e
  3. a
  4. b
  5. c

IV. State True or False:

  1. Women enjoyed equal rights among the later Vedic period.
  2. The social reformers rightly realised that female education as an emancipating agent in eradicating social evils.
  3. The position of wife was honoured during the ancient period of India.
  4. The patriarchal system was flexible in later vedic period.
  5. Sati was in practice particularly among the royal and upper strata of the society.
  6. The major effect of national awakening in the nineteenth century was seen in the field of social reform.
  7. Charles Wood’s despatch recommended female education in 1857.
  8. The Indian Women’s University was started in 1919.
  9. In 1846, the minimum marriageable age for a girl was only 14 years.
  10. Niccolo Conti was an Italian Traveller.
  11. Moovalur Ramamirdham fought for the emancipation of the Devadasi.
  12. M.G. Ranade opposed child marriage.
  13. Sarada Sadan was stated by Tarabai Shinde.
  14. The Native Marriage Act was passed in 1872.
  15. The National policy on Education of 1986 was passed for empowerment of women.

Answer:

  1. False
  2. True
  3. True
  4. False
  5. True
  6. True
  7. False
  8. False
  9. False
  10. True
  11. True
  12. True
  13. False
  14. True
  15. True

V. Choose the correct statement:

Question 1.
Find out the correct pair.
(a) Gokhale – Servants of India Society
(b) Veereslingam – The Indian Women’s University
(c) Jagan Mohan Roy – Abolition of Sati
(d) Serampore missionaries – Female infanticide
Answer:
(a) Gokhale – Servants of India Society

Question 2.
Find the odd one out.
(a) Raja Ram
(b) Dayananda saraswathi
(c) Niccolo Conti
(d) Rama Bai
Answer:
(c) Niccolo conti

Question 3.
Consider the following Statements
i) Akbar made obligatory for the parents to obtain the approval of both the bride and the bridegroom before the marriage.
ii) According to Bengal regulation of XXI, 1804 Female infanticide was declared illegal. Which of the statement
given above is/or correct?
(a) i only
(b) ii only
(c) i and ii
(d) neither i nor ii
Answer:
(c) i and ii

Question 4.
Assertion (A): Veeresalingam Pantulu was the earliest champion in South India of women’s emancipation.
Reason (R) : Veeresalingam opened his first girls’ school in 1874 and made widow remarriage and female
education the key points of his programme for social reform.
(a) A and R are wrong
(b) A is correct and R is Wrong
(c) A is correct and R explains A
(d) A is correct and R does not explain A
Answer:
(c) A is correct and R explains A

VI. Answer the following in one or two sentences:

Question 1.
What was the positive of women in Rig Vedic period?
Answer:
During the Rig Vedic period the position of wife was honoured and women’s position was acknowledged,
especially in the performance of religious ceremonies.

Question 2.
How were women treated in the later Vedic period?
Answer:

  • In the later vedic period women’s social and political freedom was restricted.
  • Sati became popular
  • The patriarchal system became rigid.

Question 3.
Explain the term Jauhar.

  • The Jauhar refers to the practice of collective voluntary immolation by wives and daughters of defeated Rajput warriors.
  • They followed it in order to avoid capture and dishonor.

Question 4.
Mention the type of education followed for women in medieval India.
Answer:

  • Female education was informal
  • Girls usually had their lessons from their parents in their childhood.
  • The rich appointed tutors to teach their daughters at home.

Question 5.
Mention the main provisions of Indian Education Commission of 1882.
Answer:

  • Indian Education Commission of 1882 recommended to start primary schools for girls.
  • It also suggested teacher – training institutions to be established.
  • Special scholarships and prizes were mentioned for girls.

Question 6.
Explain the Madras Devadasi Act of 1947.
Answer:

  • The Madras Devadasi Act was a law that was enacted on 9th October 1947.
  • It gave Devadasis the legal right to marry.
  •  It made it illegal to dedicated girls to India temples.

Question 7.
How did Vidyasagar promote female education?
Answer:
To promote female education, Vidhyasagar founded several girls’ schools in the districts of Nadia, Midnapur, Hugh and Burdwan in Bengal.

Question 8.
What were the key points of Veeresalingam programme for social reform?
Answer:

  • Veeresalingam published a journal Viveka Vardhani and opened his first girls’ school in 1874.
  • Widow remarriage and female education the key points of his programme for social reform.

Question 9.
Name the institution started by M.G. Ranade in 1887.
Answer:

  • In 1887, M.G. Ranade started the National Social Conference.
  • It became a preeminent institution for social reform.

Question 10.
What are the measures taken by the servants of India society of reform the society.
Answer:

  • In 1905 Gokhale started the Servant of India Society.
  • It took up such social reform measures as primary education, female education and uplifitment of the depressed classes in society.

Question 11.
Who was Periyar E.V.R?
Answer:

  • Periyar E.V.R. was one of the greatest social reformers of Tamil Nadu.
  • He advocated women education, widow remarriage and inter-caste marriages.
  • He opposed child marriages.

Question 12.
Write about Sarada Sadan.
Answer:

    • Sarada Sadan means Home of Learning. It was started by Pandita Ramabai in 1889.
    • It was started to educate Hindu widows in Bombay.
    • It was later shifted to Poona.

Question 13.
How did the government of Tamil Nadu recognise the service of Moovalur Ramamirdham Ammaiyar?
Answer:

  • Moovalur Ramamirdham Ammaiyar raised her voice against Devadasi system along with Dr. Muthulakshmi Ammaiyar.
  • In her memory, the government of Tamil Nadu has instituted the “Moovalur Ramamirdha Ammal Ninaivu Marriage assistance scheme”.
  • It is a social welfare scheme to provide financial assistance to poor women.

Question 14.
Mention the three major National Women’s organisation.
Answer:

  • Leading women realized the need of forming their own association in order to safeguard their interests.
  • As a result three major natural women’s organisation namely
  • Women’s India Association
  • National Council of Women in India .
  • The All India Women’s Conference were started

VII. Answer the following in detail:

Question 1.
What was the position of women in the Medieval period?
Answer:

  • In the medieval period the position of women in society further deteriorated.
  • Women suffered from many social evils such as sati, child marriages, Purdah system, female infanticide and slavery.
  • Normally monogamy was in practice but among the rich polygamy was prevalent.
  • Widow re-marriage was rare.
  • Devadasi system was in practice in some parts of India.
  • The Rajputs of Rajastan, the Jauhar was practiced.
  •  The condition of widow became miserable during rhe medieval period.
  • But People like Akbar attempted to abolish sati.
  • There were exceptional women like Razia Sultana, Queen Durgavati, Chand bibi, Nurjahan and Mira bai.
  • Women’s education was not completely ignored. Female education was informal. Girls usually had their lessons from their parents in their childhood.
  • The rich appointed tutors to teach their daughters at home.
  • The daughters of Rajput chiefs and Zamindars studied literature and philosophy.

Question 2.
Why were the three major national women’s organisation started?
Answer:

  1. Most of the reform movements like Brahma Samaj, Prarthana Samaj and Arya Samaj were led by male
    reformers.
  2. Women reformers like Pandita Ramabai, Rukhmabai and Tarabai Shinde tried to extent further.
  3. In 1889, Pandita Ramabai opened Sarada Sadan in Bombay to educate Hindu widows.
  4. Dr. Annie Besant established Theosophical society at Chennai developed general social reform programme.
  5. Dr. S.Dharmambal showed great interest in implementing widow remarriage and women education.
  6. Moovalur Ramamirdham Ammaiyar’ opposed Devadasi system along with Dr. Muthulakshmi Ammaiyar.
  7. Thus women reformers also contributed a lot for winning their own rights
  8.  As a result three major national women’s organizations were started. They were
    • Women’s India Association
    • National Council of Women in India
    • The All India Women’s Conference.

Question 3.
Write about women in independent India.
Answer:

  • Women in India now participate in all activities such as education, politics, medical, culture, service sectors, science and technology.
  • The constitution of India guarantees through Article 14 equal opportunity and equal pay for equal work.
  • The National policy for empowerment of women was passed under the National Policy on Education in 1986.
  • New programme was launched called Mahila Samakhya.
  • It mainly focused on empowerment of women.
  • Reservation of 33 percent to women, envisaged an improvement in the socio-political status of women.
  • The National Commission for women was set up in January 1992.
  • it reviews women related legislation and intervene in specific individual complaints of atrocities and denial of rights.