Students can Download English Poem 5 Father to his Son Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 12th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.
Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 12th English Solutions Poem Chapter 5 Father to his Son
A Father To His Son Poem Summary Warm up
Every parent is anxious about the welfare of his / her children. Parents express their anxiety by advising them almost all the time. What kind of advice do you frequently receive from your parents? Fill in the bubbles. Tick the ones you like to follow implicitly and reasons for the ones you don’t like to follow.
Answer:
- Wash your fingers before eating.
- Don’t stay awake till late night.
- Who are you talking to over the phone for a long time?
1. I don’t like to tell my parents what I do with the phone. Why should they interfere with my privacy?
2. I don’t gossip; I just share what I enjoyed. My friends tell me what they like. How can my parents call it ‘gossip’?
Time spent in sharing our dreams is not wasted but invested. The other three agree.
Samacheer Kalvi 12th English Father to his Son Textual Questions
1. Fill in the blanks choosing the words from the box given and complete the summary of the poem.
A father sees his son nearing manhood.
What shall he tell that son?
“Life is hard; be steel; be a rock.”
And this might stand him for the storms
and serve him for humdrum monotony
and guide him among sudden betrayals
and tighten him for slack moments.
“Life is a soft loam; be gentle; go easy.”
And this too might serve him.
Brutes have been gentled where lashes failed.
The growth of a frail flower in a path up
has sometimes shattered and split a rock.
A tough will counts. So does desire.
So does a rich soft wanting.
Without rich wanting nothing arrives.
Tell him too much money has killed men
and left them dead years before burial:
the quest of lucre beyond a few easy needs
has twisted good enough men
sometimes into dry thwarted worms
Tell him time as a stuff can be wasted.
Tell him to be a fool ever so often
and to have no shame over having been a fool
yet learning something out of every folly
hoping to repeat none of the cheap follies
thus arriving at intimate understanding
of a world numbering many fools.
Tell him to be alone often and get at himself
and above all tell himself no lies about himself
whatever the white lies and protective fronts
he may use against other people.
Tell him solitude is creative if he is strong
and the final decisions are made in silent rooms.
Tell him to be different from other people
if it comes natural and easy being different.
Let him have lazy days seeking his deeper motives.
Let him seek deep for where he is born natural.
Then he may understand Shakespeare
and the Wright brothers, Pasteur, Pavlov,
Michael Faraday and free imaginations
Bringing changes into a world resenting change.
He will be lonely enough
to have time for the work
he knows as his own.
Lines 1-25
deep desire | manhood | gentleness | mistakes | easy |
leisure | fool | life | money | repeat |
tender-flower | rock | challenges | wisdom |
The poet Carl Sandburg gives a vivid description of a father’s worldly (1) _______ in directing a son who is at the threshold of his (2) _______ Here the father motivates his son to be like a hard (3) _______ and withstand life’s (4) _______ and sudden betrayals. (5) _______ is like a fertile soil. We can make our life fruitful if we are gentle, and take life as it comes. At times (6) _______ overtakes harshness. The growth of a (7) _______ can split a rock. One should have a (8) _______ and strong will to achieve. Greed for(9) _______ has left men dead before they really die. Good men also have fallen prey in quest for (10) _______ money. Time for (11) _______ is not a waste. When you seek knowledge never feel ashamed to be called a (12) _______ for not knowing, at the same time learn from your (13) _______ and never (14) _______ it.
Answers:
1. wisdom
2. manhood
3. rock
4. challenges
5. life
6. gentleness
7. tender-flower
8. deep desire
9.money
10. easy
11. leisure
12. fool
13.mistakes
14. repeat
Lines 26-44
changes | introspect | inherent | work | resents |
white lies | creative | final decisions | different : |
Do (15) ______ often, and do not hesitate to accept your shortcomings, avoid (16) to protect self against other people. Solitude helps to be (17) and (18) are taken in silent rooms. Instead of being one among many, be (19) , if that is your nature. The son may need lazy days to find his (20) abilities, to seek what he is bom for. He will then know how free imaginations bring (21) to the world, which (22) change.
During such resentment, let him know that it is time for him to be on his own, and (23) to achieve like Shakespeare, the Wright brothers, Pasteur, Pavlov and Michael Faraday.
Answer:
15. introspect
16. white lies
17. creative
18. final decisions
19. different
20. inherent
21. changes
22. resents
23. work
2. Based on your understanding of the poem answer the following questions in one or two sentences.
A Father To His Son Poem Paragraph Question (a)
How would the poet’s advice help his son who is at the threshold of the manhood?
Answer:
The poet’s advice would help the son at the threshold of manhood, to grow as a positive individual and succeed in life like great scientists and dramatists.
12th English Poem A Father To His Son Question (b)
A tough will counts.’ Explain.
Answer:
One’s physical strength doesn’t matter. Any person with a strong will can achieve great feats. A frail flowering plant succeeds in splitting a rock due to its hard will. Thus a tough will (i.e.) “rich soft wanting” determines one’s success.
A Father To His Son Summary Question (c)
What happened to the people who wanted too much money?
Answer:
People who wanted too much money fell a prey to greed. They lost their reputation also.
Father To His Son Poem Summary Question (d)
What has twisted good men into thwarted worms?
Answer:
One’s desire or love for money should be limited to meeting one’s basic needs like food, clothing and shelter. Beyond that, in ordinate desire to possess a lot of money in a dishonourable way reduces even good men to “thwarted worms”.
A Father To His Son Question (e)
How would his being alone help the boy?
Solitude would help the boy to be creative.
A Father To His Son By Carl Sandburg Summary Question (f)
Where are the final decisions taken?
Answer:
In silent rooms, final decisions are taken.
A Father To His Son Poem Summary In Tamil Question (g)
What are the poet’s thoughts on ‘being different’?
Answer:
Instead of being one among many, one can be different if it is one’s nature to be so. One need not take conscious efforts to be different.
A Father To His Son Poem Explanation Question (h)
Why does the poet advise his son to have lazy days?
Answer:
Lazy days would help the boy to find his inherent abilities and goad him to discover the purpose for which he was bom.
A Father To His Son Poem Analysis Question (i)
The poet says
‘Without rich wanting nothing arrives’
but he condemns ‘the quest of lucre beyond a few easy needs.’Analyse the difference and write.
Answer:
Appreciating rich wanting and condemning ‘the quest for lucre beyond a few easy’ needs seems like a conundmm. One needs to take both the statements with a pinch of salt. One needs a strong will power to succeed. One can earn a lot too. Jack Ma has had strong will and earned beyond lucre but invested major part in community development and charitable works retaining some for his basic needs. Warren Buffet, Bill Gates and Ratan Tata are other such examples. The wealth earned should benefit a large number of people and not the individual who initiated the wealth.
3. Here are a few poetic devices used in the poem.
A Father To His Son Poem Question (a)
Antithesis – It is a literary device that em phasises the idea of contrast,
eg. The growth of a frail flower in a path up
has sometimes shattered and split
a rock. Brutes have been gentled where lashes failed.
Father To His Son Poem Question (b)
Transferred Epithet – It is a figure of speech in which an epithet grammatically qualifies a noun other than the person or a thing, it is actually meant to describe.
eg. and left them dead years before burial:
Let him have lazy days seeking his deeper motives.
Bringing changes into a world resenting change.
A Father To His Son Poem Figure Of Speech Question (c)
Repetition – It is a figure of speech.
eg. Tell him to be alone often and get at himself and above all tell himself no lies about himself
Appreciate The Poem
4. Read the lines given below and answer the questions that follow.
(a) “Life is hard; be steel; be a rock.’’
A Father To His Son By Carl Sandburg Question (i)
How should one face life?
Answer:
One should face life like a steel.
Question (ii)
Identify the figure of speech in the above line.
Answer:
Metaphor
(b) “Life is a soft loam; be gentle; go easy. ”
And this too might serve him.
Question (i)
Why does the poet suggest to take life easy?
Answer:
There are certain occasions one needs to treat life like wet clay very gently. Take life as it comes without hard resistance. The poet says, “Brutes have been gentled where lashes failed.”
Question (ii)
Identify the figure of speech in the above line.
Answer:
Metaphor
(c) “ Tell him solitude is creative if he is strong
and the final decisions are made in silent rooms.”
Question (i)
Can being in solitude help a strong human being? How?
Answer:
Yes, solitude helps the strong person to be creative. Solitude helps even a strong human being to introspect and analyse his own mistakes.
Question (ii)
Identify the figure of speech in the above line.
Answer:
Personification
(d) “Tell him time as a stuff can be wasted.
Tell him to be a fool every so often”
Question (i)
Why does the poet suggest that time can be wasted?
Answer:
Unless one wastes one’s time, one may not commit mistakes and learn from them. Besides learning not to repeat those mistakes would naturally make him wiser.
Question (ii)
Identify the figure of speech in the above line.
Answer:
Simile
Question (e)
“Tell him to be a fool ever so often
and to have no shame over having been a fool
yet learning something out of every folly
hoping to repeat none of the cheap follies”
Question (i)
Is it a shame to be a fool at times?
Answer:
No, everyone does commit funny mistakes in life. One might just laugh at them.
Question (ii)
What does one learn from every folly?
Answer:
Every folly teaches a person his limitations and vulnerabilities. By making conscious efforts to avoid them in future, one will become stronger and wiser.
(f)“______ Free imaginations
Bringing changes into a world resenting change ”
Question (i)
How does free imagination help the world?
Answer:
Free imagination brings changes in the world.
Question (ii)
Identify the figure of speech.
Answer:
Personification
Question (e)
Pick out the alliterated words from the poem and write.
“And this might stand him for the storms”
Answer:
The words stand and storms alliterate.
Additional Questions
(a) “And this might stand him for the storms
and serve him for humdrum monotony”
Question (i)
What does the poet mean by storms?
Answer:
The poet means life’s challenges by ‘storms’.
Question (ii)
What can help the son overcome “the boring routine” in life?
Answer:
One can overcome ‘the boring routine’ by keeping a strong steel/rock-like will power and face life boldly.
(b) “and guide him among sudden betrayals
and tighten him for slack moments.”
Question (i)
What could guide the son among unexpected betrayals?
Answer:
Rock/steel-like would guide the son among betrayals.
Question (ii)
What could happen to the boy during slack moments?
Answer:
During slack moments, the boy may be betrayed by his trusted friends.
(c) “Brutes have been gentled where lashes failed.’”
Question (i)
When does the Government or law use lashes?
Answer:
When a brute has committed a crime, the law uses lashes to punish him.
Question (ii)
What can transform brutes?
Answer:
Gentleness can transform brutes.
(d) “The growth of a frail flower in a path up has sometimes shattered and split a rock.”
Question (i)
What do you mean by ‘frail’?
Answer:
Frail means weak and delicate.
Question (ii)
How does a frail flower plant split a rock?
Answer:
The plant’s tough will to survive and grow forces the rock to split.
Question (e)
“the quest of lucre beyond a few easy needs
has twisted good enough men
sometimes into dry thwarted worms. ”
Question (i)
What do you mean by ‘quest for lucre ?
Answer:
‘Quest for lucre’ means seeking money in a dishonourable way.
Question (ii)
What is the result of such a quest?
Answer:
It results in frustrating and ruining good men.
5. Explain the following lines with reference to the context.
Question (а)
“and guide him among sudden betrayals
and tighten him for slack moments.”
Answer:
Reference: These lines are from the poem “A Father to his Son” written by Carl August Sandburg.
Context and Explanation: The poet says these words while explaining the need to stay strong like a rock or a steel. The steel will guide him when confronted with unexpected betrayals from trusted friends. It will also help him to be strong against future experimentations.
Question (b)
“Brutes have been gentled where lashes failed.”
Answer:
Reference: These lines are from the poem “A Father to his Son” written by Carl August Sandburg.
Context and Explanation: The poet highlights the importance of soft but firm will to melt even hardened criminals. Love can transform even criminals. Harsh punishment may harden them but gentleness and love may bring about a change of heart.
Question (c)
“ Yet learning something out of every folly hoping to repeat none of the cheap follies”
Answer:
Reference: These lines are from the poem “A Father to his Son” written by Carl August Sandburg.
Context and Explanation: The poet says these words while hinting at the possibilities of failures in the pursuit of knowledge. People may mock at a beginner as a fool. He should not feel ashamed of being called a fool. He must continue the pursuit of knowledge doggedly to achieve success.
Question (d)
“He will be lonely enough
to have time for the work”
Answer:
Reference: These lines are from the poem ‘A Father to his Son” written by Carl August Sandburg.
Context and Explanation: The poet says these words to explain how creative thinkers and those who strive to bring about changes are left alone to fend for themselves. The poet says his son must take advantage of this loneliness to pursue his creative imagination and succeed like Shakespeare, Wright brothers, Pasteur, Pavlov and Faraday.
Additional Questions
Question (a)
“and above all tell himself no lies about himself
whatever the white lies and protective fronts”
Answer:
Reference: These lines are from the poem ‘A Father to his Son” written by Carl August Sandburg.
Context and Explanation: The poet says these words to his son as to how to conduct himself after a folly is done. He wants him not to tell lies or defend himself or blame others for his predicament. He must learn from his follies and become wiser.
Question (b)
“Let him have lazy days seeking his deeper motives.
Let him seek deep for where he is born natural. ”
Answer:
Reference: These lines are from the poem ‘A Father to his Son” written by Carl August Sandburg.
Context and Explanation: The poet says these words while highlighting the advantages of spending leisure hours in introspection. When a person looks within in solitude he will realise his inner strength, innate abilities and also realise the purpose for which he has been created.
Question (c)
“Life is hard; be steel; be a rock.”
And this might stand him for the storms”
Answer:
Reference: These lines are from the poem ‘A Father to his Son” written by Carl August Sandburg.
Context and Explanation: The poet emphasises the need to have rock or steel-like determination to confront the challenges in life. He believes that such a stance would help his son to overcome boredom of the routine in life.
Question (d)
“A tough will counts. So does desire.
So does a rich soft wanting
Answer:
Reference: These lines are from the poem ‘A Father to his Son” written by Carl August Sandburg.
Context and Explanation: The poet says these words while stressing the need to have tough will to create a path for success even on a rocky terrain. One needs to have deep passionate desire and strong will to succeed in life.
Question (e)
“the quest of lucre beyond a few easy needs
has twisted good enough men’”
Answer:
Reference: These lines are from the poem “A Father to his Son” written by Carl August Sandburg.
Context and Explanation: The poet says these words while explaining how ill-gotten wealth suffocates the good men. The money earned through dishonest means frustrates good men and even reduces to the level of worms.
Question (f)
“Tell him too much money has killed men
and left them dead years before burial:”
Answer:
Reference: These lines are from the poem ‘A Father to his Son” written by Carl August Sandburg.
Context and Explanation: The poet says these words while dwelling on the evil effects of amassing wealth beyond basic needs of men. Oliver Goldsmith says, “Where wealth accumulates, man decays.” The poet says that a man who amasses wealth against ethical principles is spiritually dead.
6. Answer the following questions in about 100-150 words each.
Question (a)
Explain how the poet guides his son who is at the threshold of manhood, to face the challenges of life.
Answer:
The poet shares his wisdom with his son who is at the threshold of manhood. He persuades his son to be hard like steel or rock to withstand challenges and unforeseen betrayals in life. A person with soft heart will crumble before a breach of trust. Similarly he wants his son to be discerning enough to be soft when needed to grow like a frail flower plant splitting a rock. Occasionally one has to go with the current because life is at times fertile with a lot of opportunities to grow even among the harshest circumstances. ‘Rich soft wanting’ can help a person to win against all odds. He reiterates this’idea by explaining how gentleness can reform a hardened criminal when lashes would, in contrast, harden them further.
Question (b)
How according to the poet is it possible for his son to bring changes into a world that resents change?
Answer:
The poet advises his son to introspect often and not feel ashamed of being called a fool especially when he pursues knowledge. He can examine himself and remove his follies. He must enjoy the advantages of solitude. Solitude would help him to be creative. He would invariably leam that final decisions are always taken in silent rooms. Being alone, he can identify his innate potential and talents. His free imagination will bring about changes even if the world resents them. The zest to bring about changes will elevate him to the level of Shakespeare, Pasteur, Wright Brothers, Pavlov and Michael Faraday. Thus he will be remembered as one of the great men who changed the world.
Listening Activity
Listen to the poem read by the teacher or to the recorded version and write a synopsis in about 100 words. The teacher can choose any three stanzas.
Lincoln’s Letter to his Son’s Teacher:
He will have to learn, I know, that all men are not just, all men are not true. But teach him also that for every scoundrel there is a hero; that for every selfish politician, there is a dedicated leader.. .Teach him for every enemy there is a friend,
Steer him away from envy, if you can, teach him the secret of quiet laughter.
Let him learn early that the bullies are the easiest to lick… .Teach him, if you can, the wonder of books.. .But also give him quiet time to ponder the eternal mystery of birds in the sky, bees in the sun, and the flowers on a green hillside.
In the school teach him it is far honourable to fail than to cheat…Teach him to have faith in his own ideas, even if everyone tells him they are wrong .Teach him to be gentle with gentle people, and tough with the tough.
Try to give my son the strength not to follow the crowd when everyone is getting on the band wagon…Teach him to listen to all men.. .but teach him also to filter all he hears on a screen of truth, and take only the good that comes through.
Teach him if you can, how to laugh when he is sad…Teach him there is no shame in tears, Teach him to scoff at cynics and to beware of too much sweetness…Teach him to sell his brawn and brain to the highest bidders but never to put a price-tag on his heart and soul. Teach him to close his ears to a howling mob and to stand and fight if he thinks he’s right. Treat him gently, but do not cuddle him, because only the test of fire makes fine steel.
Let him have the courage to be impatient.. .let him have the patience to be brave. Teach him always to have sublime faith in himself, because then he will have sublime faith in mankind. This is a big order, but see what you can do.. .He is such a fine little fellow, my son!
Abraham Lincoln
Synopsis of the first three stanzas:
Abraham Lincoln’s letter to his son’s teacher is full of his optimism and ethical values he believed in. He asks the teacher to teach his son to have faith in humanity and teach him not to be discouraged by scoundrels, selfish politicians and enemies. For every selfish politician, there is a dedicated hero. He need not condemn all politicians as bad. There may be enemies but there is a friend for every enemy. Thus, the equations in life are wonderful. He must learn the dignity of labour and hard work. He should be taught the necessity of undergoing the pain of failure in order to appreciate success. He requests his son to stay away from envy and to enjoy quiet laughter. He wants him to teach his son that bullies accept defeat quickly. He also urges him to teach his son the wonders of reading books and deep quiet reflection on the beautiful mysteries of nature.
Given below is a well-known quotation.
“Cowards die many rimes before their death”.
Study the quotations and identify the adverse human qualities that are worse than ‘death’ and discuss the underlying message conveyed.
Greed and the craze to amass wealth through dishonourable methods is like dying years before one actually dies. Cowardliness is equally worse than death. Shakespeare has said, “the valiants die only once in their lifetime.”
Father to his Son About the Poet
“Poetry is the opening and closing of a door, leaving those who look through to guess about what was seen during a moment.” – Carl Sandburg
Sandburg was born in Galesburg, Illinois, to parents of Swedish ancestiy. Carl August Sandburg (January 6, 1878 – July 22, 1967) was an American poet, writer, and editor. He won three Pulitzer Prizes. During his lifetime, Sandburg was widely regarded as “a major
figure in contemporary literature”, especially for volumes of his collected verse, including Chicago Poems (1916), Comhuskers (1918), and Smoke and Steel (1920). He enjoyed ;unrivalled appeal as a poet in his day. At his death in 1967, President Lyndon B. Johnson observed that “Carl Sandburg was more than the voice of America, more than the poet of its strength and genius. He was America.”
Father to his Son Summary in English
Inheritance of wisdom
Poet Carl Sandburg wants to leave his wisdom to his son who is at the threshold of his manhood. He wants his son to be like steel and rock to confront the harsh challenges and betrayals. But he should use his discernment go easy because life can be like soft clay too. He explains lucidly how a tender flowering plant with a ‘tough will’ can split a rock. He makes his son understand how gentleness has reformed criminals when lashes failed. One can’t achieve much without a deep desire to achieve success. He advises his son to be cautious with money for greed of easy money has heralded the downfall of good men. One can’t acquire wisdom or knowledge overnight. One may commit mistakes in life and be called a fool. But one can overcome frailties by consciously avoiding such mistakes.
Value of introspection
One has to look within and analyse one’s shortcomings. One must not be defensive but accept one’s own drawbacks. While contemplating in solitude, one gains flashes of insight into one’s own self and becomes creative. The best decisions in life are usually taken in silent rooms. If it is natural on one’s part to be different, ignoring criticisms one can dare to be different.
Changes wrought by free imagination
Great geniuses like Shakespeare, Pasteur, Pavlov, and Michael Faraday achieved grand success in their pursuits because they wanted to use their free imagination to change the world in their own way The world is complacent with the existing order of things and may resent changes. But if one brushes aside the popular resentment and strives hard with free imagination one can achieve success like scientists and social thinkers who have transformed the world.
Conclusion
The greatest legacy a father can possibly leave his son or daughter is not wealth but wisdom and positive attitude to meet challenges in life.
Father to his Son Summary in Tamil
கவிஞர், கார்ல் ஆகஸ்ட் சான்ட்பர்க் தன்
மகனுக்கு கூறும் அறிவுரையாக இந்தக் கவிதை அமைந்துள்ளது. வாழ்க்கையில் சோதனைகளும், ஏமாற்றங்களையும் எதிர் கொள்ள தன் மகனை இரும்பை போல் அல்லது கல்லைப் போல் கலங்காமல் இருக்கவேண்டும் என்கிறார். வாழ்க்கை களிமண் போன்று மிருதுவாகவும் இருக்கக் கூடும் என்பதால் தன் பகுத்தறிவின்படி தேவைப்படும் போது மென்மையாகவும் நடந்து கொள்ளுமாறு அறிவுறுத்துகிறார். பாறையின் மேல் படர்ந்த மிருதுவான மலர்க்கொடி அப்பாறையைத் துளையிடும் வல்லமை கொண்டது என்பதை தெளிவாக கூறுகிறார். சவுக்கடி தந்தும் திருந்தாத முரடனை நல்ல வார்த்தைகள் திருத்தி மென்மையானவனாக்கி இருக்கிறது. ஒன்றினை அடைவதற்கு ஆழ்ந்த உந்துதல் இல்லையெனில் அதை அடைதல் அரிது. பணத்தின் பால் கவனம் செலுத்துமாறு மகனுக்கு அறிவுறுத்துகிறார். பணத்தின் மீதான் பேராசை காரணமாக பலர் விழுந்திருக்கிறார்கள் என்பதை பிரகடனம் செய்கிறார். ஒரு நாள் இரவில் ஞானத்தைப் பெற்று விட முடியாது. ஒருவன் வாழ்நாளில் தவறுகள் புரிந்து முட்டாள் என பெயர் வாங்கலாம். கவனமாக நடந்து கொண்டால் இந்த பலவீனத்தை தவிர்க்கலாம்.
தற்சோதனையின் மதிப்பு:
ஒருவன் தன்னையே பரிசோதித்து, தன் பலகீனத்தை ஆராய வேண்டும். ஒருவன் தனக்கு இருக்கும் குறைகளை மறுக்காமல் ஒப்புக் கொள்ள வேண்டும். தனியாகத் திட்டமிடும் போது அவனுள்ளே “ஞானம்” பிறந்து அவனை ஆக்கப் பூர்வமானவனாக ஆக்குகிறது. வாழ்க்கையின் முக்கியத் திட்டங்கள் தனிமையில் உதிக்கின்றன. மனிதன் தன் மேல் சாற்றப்படும் தவறான கூற்றுகளைக் கண்டு கொள்ளாதவனாய் அடுத்தவனிடத்திலிருந்து தனித்து நிற்க விரும்பினால் அவ்வாறு துணிந்து நிற்கலாம்.
சுயேட்சையாக சிந்திப்பதனால் உண்டான மாற்றங்கள்:
மேதாவிகளான சேக்ஸ்பியர், பாஸ்ச்சர், பாவ்லோவ் மற்றும் மைக்கேல் ஃபாரடே போன்றவர்கள் தாம் மேற்கொண்ட செயல்களில் சுயமாகச் சிந்தித்து உலகை தனக்கு ஏற்றவாறு மாற்ற முயன்றனர்.உலகம் தற்போதைய சூழ்நிலைக்கு ஏற்ற வண்ணம் செல்வதால் மாறுதலை ஆட்சேபிக்கலாம். ஆனால், எதிர்ப்பைத் தவிர்த்து சுயமாக சிந்தித்து செயல்பட்டால் | விஞ்ஞானிகள் மற்றும் சீர்திருத்தவாதிகள் போல் உலகை மாற்றி அமைக்கலாம்.
முடிவுரை:
தகப்பன் மகனுக்கு விட்டுச் செல்லும் பரம்பரைச் சொத்து பணம், பொருள் அல்ல. ஆனால், நல்ல அறிவுரைகளும் உலகை எதிர்கொள்ளத் தன்னம்பிக்கை அளிக்கும் முற்போக்கு சிந்தனைகளுமே ஆகும்.
Father to his Son Glossary
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