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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th Economics Solutions Chapter 7 Indian Economy

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Samacheer Kalvi 11th Economics Indian Economy Text Book Back Questions and Answers

Part – A
Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1.
The main gold mine region in Karnataka is _________
(a) Kolar
(b) Ramgiri
(c) Anantpur
(d) Cochin
Answer:
(a) Kolar

Question 2.
Economic growth of a country is measured by national income indicated by _________
(a) GNP
(b) GDP
(c) NNP
(d) Per capital income
Answer:
(b) GDP

Question 3.
Which one of the following is a developed nations ?
(a) Mexico
(b) Ghana
(c) France
(d) SriLanka
Answer:
(c) France

Question 4.
The position of Indian Economy among the other strongest economies in the world is _______
(a) Fourth
(b) Seventh
(c) Fifth
(d) Tenth
Answer:
(b) Seventh

Question 5.
Mixed economy means _________
(a) Private sectors and banks
(b) Co-existence of Public and Private sectors
(c) Public sectors and banks
(d) Public sectors only
Answer:
(b) Co-existence of Public and Private sectors

Question 6.
The weakness of Indian Economy is _________
(a) Economic disparities
(b) Mixed economy
(c) Urbanisation
(d) Adequate employment opportunities
Answer:
(a) Economic disparities

Question 7.
A scientific study of the characteristics of population is _________
(a) Topography
(b) Demography
(c) Geography
(d) Philosophy
Answer:
(b) Demography

Question 8.
The year 1961 is known as _________
(a) Year of small divide
(b) Year of Population Explosion
(c) Year of Urbanisation
(d) Year of Great Divide
Answer:
(b) Year of Population Explosion

Question 9.
In which year the population of India crossed one billion mark ?
(a) 2000
(b) 2001
(c) 2005
(d) 1991
Answer:
(b) 2001

Question 10.
The number of deaths per thousand population is called as ________
(a) Crude Death Rate
(b) Crude Birth Rate
(c) Crude Infant Rate
(d) Maternal Mortality Rate
Answer:
(a) Crude Death Rate

Question 11.
The number of births per thousand population is called as _________
(a) Crude death rate
(b) Mortality rate
(c) Morbidity rate
(d) Crude Birth Rate
Answer:
(d) Crude Birth Rate

Question 12.
Density of population = _________
(a) Land area / Total Population
(b) Land area / Employment
(c) Total Population / Land area of the region
(d) Total Population
Answer:
(c) Total Population / Land area of the region

Question 13.
Who introduced the National Development Council in India?
(a) Ambedkar
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) Radhakrishanan
(d) V.K.R.V. Rao
Answer:
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru

Question 14.
Who among the following propagated Gandhian Ecomomic thinkings.
(a) Jawaharlar Nehru
(b) VKRV Rao
(c) JC Kumarappa
(d) A.K.Sen
Answer:
(c) JC Kumarappa

Question 15.
The advocate of democratic socialism was
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) P.C. Mahalanobis
(c) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
(d) Indira Gandhi
Answer:
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru

Question 16.
Ambedkar the problem studied by in the context of Indian Economy is ________
(a) Small land holdings and their remedies
(b) Problem of Indian Currency
(c) Economics of socialism
(d) All of them
Answer:
(b) Problem of Indian Currency

Question 17.
Gandhian Economics is based on the Principle _________
(a) Socialistic idea
(b) Ethical foundation
(c) Gopala Krishna Gokhale
(d) Dadabhai Naoroji
Answer:
(b) Ethical foundation

Question 18.
V.K.R.V Rao was a student of _________
(a) J.M. Keynes
(b) Colin Clark
(c) Adam smith
(d) Alfred Marshal
Answer:
(a) J.M. Keynes

Question 19.
Amartya Kumara Sen received the Nobel prize in Economics in the year.
(a) 1998
(b) 2000
(c) 2008
(d) 2010
Answer:
(a) 1998

Question 20.
Thiruvalluvar economic ideas mainly dealt with _________
(a) Wealth
(b) Poverty is the curse in the society
(c) Agriculture
(d) All of them
Answer:
(d) All of them

Part – B
Answer the following questions in one or two sentences

Question 21.
Write the meaning of Economic Growth.
Answer:
A country’s economic growth is usually indicated by Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The GDP is the total monetary value of the goods and services produced by that country over a specific period of time, usually one year.

Question 22.
State any two features of developed economy.
Answer:

  1. High National Income
  2. High per capital Income

Question 23.
Write the short note on natural resources
Answer:
Natural resources are stock or reserve that can be drawn from nature. The major natural resources are land, forest, water, mineral and energy.

Question 24.
Point out any one feature of Indian Economy
Answer:
Indian economy is a mixed economy. In India both the private and public sectors coexist.

Question 25.
Give the meaning of non-renewable energy
Answer:
The sources of energy which cannot be renewed or re-used are called non-renewable energy.
(Eg.) Coal, Oil, Gas etc.

Question 26.
Give a short note on Sen’s ‘Choice of Technique’.
Answer:
In a labour surplus economy, generation of employment cannot be increased at the initial stage by the adaptation of capital intensive technique whatsen called as choice of technique.

Question 27.
List out the reasons for low per capital income as given by V.K.R.V. Rao.
Answer:

  1. Uneconomic holdings.
  2. Low levels of water availability for crops.
  3. Excess population pressure on agriculture due to the absence of a large industrial sector.
  4. Absence of capital.
  5. Absence of autonomy in currency policy.

Part – C
Answer the following questions in one Paragraph

Question 28.
Define Economic Development.
Answer:
The level economic development is indicated not just by GDP, but by an increase in citizen’s quality of life or well-being. The quality of life is being assessed by several indices such as Human Development Index (HDI), Physical Quality of Life Index (PQLI) and Gross National Happiness Index (GNHI)

Question 29.
State Ambedkar’s Economic ideas on agricultural economics.
Answer:
Dr. B.R.Ambedkar was a versatile personality. In 1918, he published a paper “Small holding in India and their remedies” citing Adam Smith’s “Wealth of Nations”, he made a fine distinction between “Consolidation of holdings” and “Enlargement of holdings”.

Question 30.
Write on short note on village sarvodhaya.
Answer:
Village sarvodhaya is the concept of Gandhiji on the development of villages. To Gandhi India lives in villages. He was interested in developing the villages as self – sufficient units.

According to him, “Real India was to be found in villages and not in towns or cities”.
So he suggested the development of self-suffficient, self dependent villages.

Question 31.
Write the strategy of Jawahar lal Nehru in India’s planning.
Answer:

  1. Jawahar lal Nehru was responsible for the introduction of planning in our country.
  2. To Nehru, the plan was essentially an integrated approach for development.
  3. He said the essence of planning is to find the best way to utilize all resources of manpower, of money and so on.
  4. Planning for Nehru was essentially linked up with industrialization and eventual self reliance for the country’s economic growth on a self-accelerating growth.
  5. Nehru carried through this basic strategy of planned development.

Question 32.
Write the V.K.R.V.Rao’s contribution on multiplier concept.
Answer:

  1. Rao’s examination of the “interrelation between investment, income and multiplier in an under developed economy (1952)” was his major contribution to macroeconomic theory.
  2. In it he asserts that keynesian multiplier principle remains inoperative in underdeveloped countries.
  3. V.K.R.V. Rao was the best equipped of all keynes’ pupils.

Question 33.
Write a short note on Welfare Economics given by Amartya Sen.
Answer:

  1. Amartya Sen was awarded the nobel prize for his contributions to welfare economics.
  2. Sen’s major point has been that the distribution of income / consumption among the persons below the poverty line is to be taken into account.
  3. Sen has focused on the poor, viewing them not as objects of pity requiring charitable hand-outs, but as disempowered folk needing empowerment in all aspects.

Question 34.
Explain Social infrastructure.
Answer:

  1. Social infrastructure refers to those structures which are improving the quality of man power and contribute indirectly towards the growth of an economy.
  2. These structures are outside the system of production and distribution.
  3. The development of these social structures help in increasing the efficiency and productivity of man power.
    (Eg.) Schools, Colleges, Hospitals

Part – D
Answer the following questions in about a page

Question 35.
Explain strong features Indian economy
Answer:

  1. India has a mixed economy : In India both private and public sectors coexist.
  2. Agriculture plays the key role : Around 60% of the people in India depend upon agriculture for their livelihood.
  3. An emerging market: India has a high potential for prospective growth which attracts FDI and FII.
  4. Emerging economy : As a result of rapid economic growth Indian economy has a place among the G20 countries.
  5. Fast growing economy : India has emerged as the world’s fastest growing economy in 2016-17 with 7.1% GDP next to China.
  6. Fast growing service sector : The service sector, contributes a lion’s share of the GDP in India.
  7. Large domestic consumption : Due to large domestic consumption the standard of living has considerably improved and life style has changed.
  8. paid growth of urban areas : Improved connectivity in transport and communication, education and health have speeded up the pace of urbanization.
  9. Stable macro economy : The current year’s economic survey represents the Indian economy to be a heaven of macroeconomic stability, resilence and optimism.
  10. Demographic dividend : India is a pride owner of the maximum percentage of youth. This has invited foreign investments to the country and outsourcing opportunities.

Question 36.
Write the importance of mineral resources in India.
Answer:

  1. Iron-ore : Hematite iron is mainly found in Chattisgarh, Jharkhand, Odisha, Goa and Karnataka. Magnetite is found in Western Coast of Karnataka. Some deposits of iron ore are also found in Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh.
  2. Coal and Lignite : India ranks third in the coal production. The main centres are West-Bengal, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha and Andhra Pradesh. Bulk production comes from Bengal-Jharkhand coal fields. Lignite is found in Neyveli in Tamil Nadu.
  3. Bauxite : Bauxite is a main source of aluminium. Major reserves are found in Odisha and Andhra Pradesh.
  4. Mica : India stand first in sheet mica production. Andhra Pradesh, Jharkhand, Bihar and Rajasthan are major reserves.
  5. Crude Oil : Oil is being explored in India at many places of Assam and Gujarat.
  6. Gold : India possesses only a limited gold reserve.
  7. Diamond : The total reserves of diamond is estimated at around 4582 carats.

Question 37.
Bring out Jawharlal Nehru’s contribution to the idea of economic development.
Answer:
Jawahar Lal Nehru was one of the Chief builders of modem India. He was a great patriot, thinker and statesman. His ideas of economic development are :

1. Democracy : He was a firm believer in democracy. He believed in free speech, civil liberty, adult franchise and the rule of law and parliamentary democracy.

2. Secularism : Secularism is another signal contribution of Nehru to India. There are so many religions in India but there is no domination by religious majority.

3. Planning : Nehru was responsible for the introduction of planning in our country. The plan was essentially an integrated approach for development. Planning for Nehru was essentially linked up with industrialization and eventual self-reliance for the country’s economic growth on a self-accelerating growth.

4. Advancement of Science : Nehru made a great contribution to the advancement of Science, research, technology and industrial development. In his period, many IITs and research institutions were established. He always insisted on scientific temper.

5. Democratic socialism : Nehru put the country on the road towards a socialistic pattern of society. Nehru’s socialism is democratic socialism.

Question 38.
Write a brief note on the Gandhian economic ideas.
Answer:
Gandhian economics is based on ethical foundations.
Salient features of Gandhian economic thought:

  1. Village republics : Gandhi was interested in developing the villages as self-sufficient units.
  2. On machinery : Gandhi described machinery as ‘Great Sin’.
  3. Industrialism : Gandhi considered industrialism as a curse on mankind.
  4. Decentralization : He advocated a decentralized economy.
  5. Village sarvodaya : Gandhi suggested the development of self-sufficient, self-dependent villages.
  6. Bread labour: Gandhi realized the dignity of human labour. Bread labour or body labour was the expression that Gandhi used to mean manual labour.
  7. The doctrine of trusteeship : Trusteeship provides a means of transforming the present capitalist society into an egalitarian one.
  8. On the food problem : Gandhi was against any sort of food controls. Food controls only create artificial scarcity.
  9. On population : Gandhi was in favour of birth control through brahmacharya or self-control.
  10. On prohibition : Gandhi advocated cent per cent prohibition.

Samacheer Kalvi 11th Economics Indian Economy Additional Questions and Answers

Part -A
Choose the best options

Question 1.
Third world country __________
(a) India
(b) China
(c) Bangladesh
(d) Srilanka
Answer:
(c) Bangladesh

Question 2.
__________ is the year of great divide.
(a) 1921
(b) 1918
(c) 1943
(d) 1969
Answer:
(a) 1921

Question 3.
__________ are BIMARU States.
(a) Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh
(b) Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttarpradesh
(c) West Bengal, Himalchalpradesh, Punjab, Delhi
(d) Andhra Pradesh, Odisa, Gujarat, Chattisgarh
Answer:
(b) Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttarpradesh

Question 4.
In India, Lignite is found in.
(a) New Delhi
(b) Kolkatta
(c) Ranji
(d) Neyveli
Answer:
(d) Neyveli

Question 5.
Indian educational system comprises of __________ stages.
(a) 6
(b) 12
(c) 3
(d) 4
Answer:
(a) 6

Question 6.
__________ is considered as the best pupil of J.M. Keynes
(a) A.K. Sen
(b) J.C.Kumarappa
(c) V.K.R.V. Rao
(d) Manmohan Singh
Answer:
(c) V.K.R.V. Rao

Question 7.
Indian Railways introduced first wifi facility in __________
(a) Chennai
(b) Calcutta
(c) Bengaluru
(d) Hyderabad
Answer:
(c) Bengaluru

Question 8.
National Harbour board was set up in __________
(a) 1947
(b) 1950
(c) 1948
(d) 1951
Answer:
(b) 1950

Question 9.
A study on poverty and famines and concept of entitlements and capability development was done by __________
(a) Adamsmith
(b) A.K.Sen
(c) Marshall
(d) V.K.R.V. Rao
Answer:
(b) A.K.Sen

Question 10.
Percapital income is __________
(a) National income / output
(b) National income / population
(c) National income / percapital output
(d) National income / male population
Answer:
(b) National income / population

Question 11.
‘India lives in villages’ said by __________
(a) V.K.R.V. Rao
(b) J.C. Kumarappa
(c) Mahatma Gandhi
(d) Jawaharlal Nehru
Answer:
(c) Mahatma Gandhi

Match the following and choose the answer using the codes given below

Question 1.
Samacheer Kalvi 11th Economics Solutions Chapter 7 Indian Economy
(a) 1 2 3 4
(b) 3 4 2 1
(c) 1 3 4 2
(d) 2 4 3 1
Answer:
(b) 3 4 2 1

Question 2.
Samacheer Kalvi 11th Economics Solutions Chapter 7 Indian Economy
(a) 4 1 2 3
(b) 3 4 2 1
(c) 2 4 3 1
(d) 1 2 4 3
Answer:
(a) 4 1 2 3

Question 3.
Samacheer Kalvi 11th Economics Solutions Chapter 7 Indian Economy
(a) 4 1 2 3
(b) 1 2 3 4
(c) 4 3 2 1
(d) 2 4 1 3
Answer:
(d) 2 4 1 3

Choose the odd one out

Question 4.
(a) Poverty and famine
(b) Choice of technique
(c) Economics of caste
(d) Concept of capability
Answer:
(c) Economics of caste

Question 5.
(a) Budget by assignment
(b) Budget by assigned revenue
(c) Budget by shared revenues
(d) Budget by fiscal revenues
Answer:
(d) Budget by fiscal revenues

Question 6.
(a) Net Domestic Product (NDP)
(b) Human Development Index (HDI)
(c) Physical Quality of Life Index (PQLI)
(d) Gross National Happiness Index (GNHI)
Answer:
(a) Net Domestic Product (NDP)

Choose the correct statement

Question 7.
(a) Indian economy is the seventh largest in the world
(b) Indian economy is a mixed economy
(c) India ranks third in terms of purchasing power parity
(d) The human capital of India is old
Answer:
(d) The human capital of India is old

Question 8.
(a) The annual addition of population in India equals the total population of Australia.
(b) There exists a huge economic disparity in the Indian economy
(c) Kerala has the highest birth rate
(d) Every 6th person in the world is an Indian
Answer:
(c) Kerala has the highest birth rate

Choose the incorrect statement

Question 9.
Samacheer Kalvi 11th Economics Solutions Chapter 7 Indian Economy
Answer:
(b) Demographic transition – (ii) 2001

Question 10.
Samacheer Kalvi 11th Economics Solutions Chapter 7 Indian Economy
Answer:
(c) 1971 – (iii) 1040

Choose the correct statement

Question 11.
(a) Nehru always insisted on scientific temper
(b) Gandhi advocated a centralized economy
(c) Valluvar has recommended an unbalanced budget
(d) V.K.R.V. Rao’s economic thought is coined as Gandhian Economics.
Answer:
(a) Nehru always insisted on scientific temper

Question 12.
(a) Until 1979, Education in India was in state list
(b) Education in India follows the 10+3 pattern
(c) Sex ratio refers to the number of females per 1000 males.
(d) India ranks fourth in coal production of the world.
Answer:
(c) Sex ratio refers to the number of females per 1000 males.

Analyse the reason for the following 

Question 13.
Assertion (A) : There exist a huge economic disparity in the Indian economy.
Reason (R) : The proportion of income and assets owned by top 10% of Indians goes on increasing.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true, (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, (R) is the not correct explanation of (A)
(c) (A) is true and (R) are false.
(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Answer:
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true, (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

Question 14.
Assertion (A) : In Kerala the adult sex ratio is 1084 as on 2011.
Reason (R) : Kerala provides better status to women as compared to other states.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true, (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(c) Both (A) and (R) are false.
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

Fill in the blanks with suitable option given below

Question 15.
In India, Lignite is found in _____
(a) New Delhi
(b) kolkata
(c) Ranji
(d) Neyveli
Answer:
(d) Neyveli

Question 16.
Indian educational system comprises of _____ stages
(a) 12
(b) 3
(c) 6
(d) 4
Answer:
(c) 6

Question 17.
Indian railways introduced first wifi facility in _____
(a) Chennai
(b) Bengaluru
(c) Calcutta
(d) Hyderabad
Answer:
(b) Bengaluru

Choose the best option 

Question 18.
_____ is considered as the best pupil of J.M. Keynes
(a) A.K. Sen
(b) J.C.Kumarappa
(c) V.K.R.V.Rao
(d) Nehru
Answer:
(c) V.K.R.V.Rao

Question 19.
Third world country is _____
(a) India
(b) China
(c) Srilanka
(d) Bangladesh
Answer:
(d) Bangladesh

Question 20.
Per capital income is _____
(a) National income / output
(b) National income / population
(c) National income / per capital output
(d) National income / male population
Answer:
(b) National income / population

Part – B
Answer the following questions in one or two sentences 

Question 1.
What is Gross National Happiness Index?
Answer:
GNHI is an indicator of progress, which measures sustainable development, environmental conservation, promotion of culture and good governance.

Question 2.
State any two weakness of Indian Economy.
Answer:

  1. Large population.
  2. Inequality and poverty.

Question 3.
What is sex ratio ?
Answer:
Sex ratio refers to the number of females per 1,000 males.

Question 4.
Explain economic infrastructure.
Answer:
Economic infrastructure is the support system which helps in facilitating production

Question 5.
What is Gandhian Economics ?
Answer:
J.C. Kumarappa developed economic theories based on Gandhism. He developed a school of economic thought coined as Gandhian Economics.

Question 6.
Which are “BIMARU” states ?
Answer:

  1. Bihar
  2. Madhya Pradesh
  3. Rajasthan
  4. Uttarpradesh

Question 7.
What is year of small divide ?
Answer:
In 1951, population growth rate has come down from 1.33% to 1.25%. Hence it is known as year of small divide.

Part – C
Answer the following questions in one Paragraph

Question 1.
What are the aspects of demographic trends in India ?
Answer:

  1. Size of population
  2. Rate of growth.
  3. Birth and death rates
  4. Density of population
  5. Sex – ratio
  6. Life – expectancy at birth
  7. Literacy ratio.

Question 2.
Explain Thiruvalluvar’s ideas on agriculture.
Answer:
According to Thiruvalluvar, agriculture is the most fundamental economic activity. They are the axle-pin of the world, for on their prosperity revolves prosperity of other sectors of other sectors of the economy. He says, ploughmen alone is the freemen of the soil. He believes that agriculture is superior to all other occupation.

Question 3.
Write short note on Birth rate and Death rate.
Answer:
Short Note On Birth Rate And Death Rate:

  1. Birth Rate : It refers to the number of births per thousand of population.
  2. Death Rate : It refers to the number of deaths per thousand of population.

Kerala has the lowest birth rate and Uttarpradesh has the highest birth rate. West Bengal has the lowest and Orissa has the highest death rates.

Part – D
Answer the following questions in about a page

Question 1.
Explain about health in India.
Answer:
Health in India is a state government responsibility. The central council of health and welfare formulates the various health care projects and health department reform policies. The administration of health industry is the responsibility of the ministry of health and welfare.

Health care in India has many forms. But, all medical systems are under one ministry AYUSH.
Health status is better in Kerala as compared to other states. India’s health status is poor compared to Sri Lanka.

Question 2.
Explain Thiruvalluvar’s economic ideas.
Answer:
The economic ideas of Thiruvalluvar are found in his immortal work, Thirukkural in its second part porutpal.

  1. Factors of production : Thiruvalluvar has made many passing references about the factors of production, land, labour, capital, organisation.
  2. Agriculture : Agriculture is the most fundamental economic activity. The prosperity of other sectors depends on the prosperity of agriculture. Valluvar believes that agriculture is superior to all other occupation.
  3. Public finance : He elaborately explained public finance under the headings public revenue, financial administration and public expenditure.
  4. Public expenditure : Valluvar has recommended a balanced budget. He advocates
    1. Defence
    2.  Public works
    3. Social Services
  5. External assistance : Valluvar was against seeking external assistance. He advocated a self-sufficient economy.
  6. Poverty and begging : According to him ‘poverty is the root cause of all other evils which would lead to ever-lasting sufferings.
  7. Wealth: Valluvar has regarded wealth as only a means and not an end.
  8. Welfare state : The important elements of a welfare state are
    1. Perfect health of the people without disease
    2. Abundant wealth
    3. Good crop
    4. Prosperity and happiness
    5. Full security for the people.

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