Category: Class 10

Looking to improve English skills and gain more subject knowledge then the best resources that you can use here is Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Solutions for Vocabulary Singular & Plural Forms Questions and Answers.

In the Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Guide for textbook solutions, subject experts covered all types of questions and answers related to the topics, quick notes, summary, solved & unsolved exercises, etc. If you are planning to prepare Chapter via textbook, then you’re suggested to go with this Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Book Solutions Questions and Answers PDF for better understanding and preparation.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Vocabulary Singular & Plural Forms

English Subject experts who are having max years of experience prepared this Tamilnadu State Board Solutions for 10th English Vocabulary Singular & Plural Forms Questions and Answers. They have explained all the topics covered in the board prescribed latest syllabus in a simple way to understand easily. So, students can prepare English from this Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Book Questions and Answers PDF. Download the Tamilnadu State Board 10th English Workbook Answers PDF by accessing the below links and learn properly for the final exams to score well.

Question 1.
The plural form of ‘matrix’ is ………………………………. .
Answer:
matrices

Question 2.
The plural form of “criterion” is ………………………………. .
Answer:
criteria

Question 3.
The plural form of “series” is ………………………………. .
Answer:
series

Question 4.
The plural form of ‘lady’ ………………………………. .
Answer:
ladies

Question 5.
The plural form of ‘erratum’ is ………………………………. .
Answer:
errata

Question 6.
The plural form of ‘cupful’ ………………………………. .
Answer:
cupfuls/cupsful

Question 7.
The plural form of ‘deer’ is ………………………………. .
Answer:
deer/deers

Question 8.
The plural form of ‘innings’ ………………………………. .
Answer:
innings

Question 9.
The plural form of ‘curriculum’ ………………………………. .
Answer:
curricula

Question 10.
The plural form of ‘medium’ ………………………………. .
Answer:
media

Question 11.
The plural form of ‘abyss’ ………………………………. .
Answer:
abysses

Question 12.
The plural form of ‘sister-in-law’ ………………………………. .
Answer:
sisters-in-law

Question 13.
The plural form of ‘ aquarium’ ………………………………. .
Answer:
aquaria

Question 14.
The plural form of ‘ arch ’ ………………………………. .
Answer:
arches

Question 15.
The plural form of ‘chateau’ ………………………………. .
Answer:
chateaux

Question 16.
The plural form of ‘cod’ ………………………………. .
Answer:
cod

Question 17.
The plural form of ‘crisis’ ………………………………. .
Answer:
crises

Question 18.
The plural form of ‘hoax’ ………………………………. .
Answer:
hoaxes

Question 19.
The plural form of ‘foot’? ………………………………. .
Answer:
feet

Question 20.
The plural form of ‘oasis’ ………………………………. .
Answer:
oases

We hope the data given here will benefit you to the fullest extent at the time of preparation. For better understanding of English subject this Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Answers for Class 10th English Vocabulary Singular & Plural Forms PDF is the best resource. Download & ace up your preparation. Keep in touch with us and get the latest information on Tamilnadu State board Textbook Answers PDF.

Looking to improve English skills and gain more subject knowledge then the best resources that you can use here is Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Solutions for Supplementary Chapter 6 The Little Hero of Holland Questions and Answers.

In the Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Guide for Chapter 6 The Little Hero of Holland textbook solutions, subject experts covered all types of questions and answers related to the topics, quick notes, summary, solved & unsolved exercises, etc. If you are planning to prepare Chapter 6 The Little Hero of Holland via textbook, then you’re suggested to go with this Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Book Solutions Questions and Answers PDF for better understanding and preparation.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Solutions Supplementary Chapter 6 The Little Hero of Holland

English Subject experts who are having max years of experience prepared this Tamilnadu State Board Solutions for 10th English Supplementary Chapter 6 The Little Hero of Holland Questions and Answers. They have explained all the topics covered in the board prescribed latest syllabus in a simple way to understand easily. So, students can prepare Chapter 6 English from this Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Book Questions and Answers PDF. Download the Tamilnadu State Board 10th English Chapter 6 The Little Hero of Holland Workbook Solutions PDF by accessing the below links and learn properly for the final exams to score well.

The Little Hero of Holland Textual Questions

A. Based on the understanding of the story, complete the Graphic Organiser suitably.

B. Based on the understanding of the story answer the following questions in one or two sentences:

Question 1.
What are the little children of Holland, aware of?
Answer:
The little children of Holland are aware the dikes must be watched every moment and that even a small hole can be very dangerous. It would bring the sea into Holland.

Question 2.
What was the work assigned to Peter’s father?
Answer:
The work assigned to Peter’s father was tending the sluice. Opening and closing the gates when ships entered the sea from Holland.

Question 3.
Why did Peter’s mother call him?
Answer:
Peter’s mother called him to go and give cakes to his friend who was blind.

Question 4.
How did Peter spend his time with his blind friend?
Answer:
Peter stayed with the poor blind man a little while to tell him about his walk along the dike and about the sun and the flowers and the ships far out at sea.

Question 5.
Why did the father always say ‘angry waters’?
Answer:
The father always said angry waters because the sea water lashed on the dikes always.

Question 6.
What did Peter see when he stopped near the dikes?
Answer:
When Peter stopped near the dikes he noticed that there was a sound of trickling water and saw a small hole in the dike, through which a tiny stream was flowing.

Question 7.
What were the thoughts of the mother when Peter didn’t return home?
Answer:
Peter’s mother thought that he was spending that night with his friend and that she would scold him next morning for staying away from home without permission.

Question 8.
How did Peter spend his night at the dikes?
Answer:
Holding his finger in the hole on the dike Peter crouched on a stone, bending his head. He closed his eyes but did not sleep. He rubbed his hand and thought he would manage to stay throughout the night, though no one came to his rescue until morning.

Question 9.
Who found Peter in the dikes and what did he do?
Answer:
A man who went for his work heard Peter moaning and found him clinging to the side of the great wall.

Question 10.
How did the villagers mend the hole?
Answer:
The villagers brought shovels and mended the hole after hearing the alarm.

Additional Questions 

Question 1.
How did Peter try to get the attention of someone to come to his aid?
Answer:
Peter shouted and screamed for help from someone. He later called for his mother. Peter tried to whistle but his teeth chattered with the cold.

Question 2.
Who were the reasons for him to hold on in spite of his hand grow numb with cold?
Answer:
Peter thought of his mother, father, his brother and sister who would be fast asleep and didn’t want them to be drowned in sleep. They were the reasons for him to hold on.

Question 3.
What did Peter tell the man?
Answer:
Peter told the man that he was keeping the water back and asked him to bring people soon for mending the hole.

Question 4.
What did he do while returning back from meeting his blind friend?
Answer:
While returning back, he admired the pretty field and stopped to pick the pretty blue flowers that grew beside the road. He also stopped and listened to the rabbits’soft tread as they rustled through the grass. Often, he smiled thinking about his chat with his blind friend.

Question 5.
What did Peter do when he saw a hole in the dike?
Answer:
When Peter saw a hole in the dike, he immediately, threw away his flowers and he climbed down the side of the dike and thrust his finger into the tiny hole.

C. Based on your understanding of the story answer the following question in about 100-150 words.

Question 1.
Narrate in your own words the circumstances that led Peter to be a brave little hero.
Answer:
One day Peter’s mother asked him to give cakes to his blind friend. He crossed the dikes that 1 guarded Holland from the great sea. After he spent some time with his friend, he decided to leave early to his house. On his way, he noticed that he heard a noise of a stream through a hole in the dike. He felt the danger behind the hole. He wanted to save Holland. So he used his finger to close the hole and the water stopped leaking.

He stayed outside in the cold night without sleeping. His mother thought he was spending his night with his friend and would scold him, when he returned in the morning. But Peter suffered a lot in the biting cold weather. He shouted for help, no one heard.

Next morning a passer-by, who was going to work, heard his groan and found Peter clinging to the side of the dike. He immediately tried to save him and spread the alarm in the village about the hole in the dike. The villagers came running with shovels and mended the dike. Thus Peter became a great hero who saved Holland from the great sea.

D. Identify the character / Speaker:

1. “I want you to go across the dike and take these cakes to your friend,the blind man.”
Answer:
Peter’s mother

2. “I am glad there are so strong.”
Answer:
Peter

3. “Holland shall not be drowned while I am here.”
Answer:
Peter

4. “What’s the matter?” he called. “Are you hurt?”
Answer:
A man going to work /The passer by

5. “Tell them to come quickly.”
Answer:
Peter

Additional:

Question 1.
He tended the gates in the dikes, called sluices.
Answer:
Peter’s father

Question 2.
Come, Peter,I want you to go across the dike.
Answer:
Peter’s mom

Question 3.
He thought of his father’s gates.
Answer:
Peter

Question 4.
He opened and closed the sluices.
Answer:
Peter’s father

Question 5.
Take these cakes to your friend, the blind man.
Answer:
Peter’s mom

Question 6.
The little boy was glad to go on such an errand.
Answer:
Peter

Question 7.
Peter told him about his walk.
Answer:
The blind friend

Question 8.
If you go quickly, you will be home again before dark.
Answer:
Peter’s mom

Question 9.
He noticed how the rains had swollen the waters.
Answer:
Peter

Question 10.
These pretty fields would be covered with water.
Answer:
Peter

Question 11.
He always calls them the ‘angry waters.
Answer:
Peter’s father

Question 12.
Mother will be watching for me.
Answer:
Peter

Question 13.
They were frightened at the thought of a leak in the dike.
Answer:
Any child in Holland

Question 14.
He understood the danger at once.
Answer:
Peter

Question 15.
The angry waters must stay back now.
Answer:
Peter

Question 16.
I can keep them back with my finger.
Answer:
Peter

Question 17.
Come here; come here!’
Answer:
Peter

Question 18.
Will no one come? Mother! Mother!
Answer:
Peter

Question 19.
I must not let them be drowned.
Answer:
Peter

Question 20.
I’ll stand it somehow, he thought.
Answer:
Peter

Question 21.
So he stayed there all night keeping the sea out.
Answer:
Peter

Question 22.
If they gave way what would become of us?
Answer:
Peter

Question 23.
What’s the matter?
Answer:
The man going to work

Question 24.
I’m keeping the water back!
Answer:
Peter

Question 25.
They came running with shovels.
Answer:
The people of Holland

A. Rearrange the following sentences in coherent order.

1. a. Peter’s father was one of the men who tended the gates in the dikes.
b. Many years ago there lived in Holland a boy named Peter.
c. In Holland, dikes keep the North Sea from rushing in and flooding the land.
d. He opened and closed the sluices for ships to pass out of Holland’s canals into the great sea.
e. Even the little children know the dikes must be watched every moment.
Answers:
c, e, b, a ,d
c. In Holland, dikes keep the North Sea from rushing in and flooding the land, e. Even the little children know the dikes must be watched every moment.
b. Many years ago there lived in Holland a boy named Peter.
a. Peter’s father was one of the men who tended the gates in the dikes.
d. He opened and closed the sluices for ships to pass out of Holland’s canals into the great sea.

2. a. The little boy was glad and started off with a light heart.
b. She wanted him to go across the dike and take cakes to his blind friend.
c. One afternoon, when Peter was eight years old, his mother called him from his play.
d. His mother wanted him to return before dark and hence bid his friend goodbye.
e. After sometime, when he was speaking with his friend, he remembered his mother’s wish.
Answers:
c, b, a, e ,d
c. One afternoon, when Peter was eight years old, his mother called him from his play, b. She wanted him to go across the dike and take cakes to his blind friend.
a. The little boy was glad and started off with a light heart.
e. After sometime, when he was speaking with his friend, he remembered his mother’s wish.
d. His mother wanted him to return before dark and hence bid his friend goodbye.

B. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate phrases given below to form a complete meaningful paragraph.

1. (who had so few pleasures / As he walked along / of trickling water / Suddenly/ a noise)

(i) ………………. he sometimes stopped to pick the pretty blue flowers that grew beside the road. But often, he smiled as he thought of his visit to the poor blind man (ii) ……………………… and was always so glad to see him. (iii) ……………….. he noticed that the sun was setting, and that it was growing dark. Just then he heard (iv) …………………. It was the sound (v) ………………………….. ! He stopped and looked down.
Answers:
(i) As he walked along
(ii) who had so few pleasures
(iii) Suddenly
(iv) a noise
(v) of trickling water

2. (In a moment / at once / in the dike / make a larger one / at the thought of a leak)

There was a small hole (i) ……………………, through which a tiny stream was flowing. Any child in Holland is frightened (ii) ………………………… in the dike. Peter understood the danger (iii) ………………… If the water ran through a little hole it would soon (iv) ………………………, and the whole country would be flooded, (v) ……………………… he saw what he must do.
Answers:
(i) in the dike
(ii) at the thought of a leak
(iii) at once
(iv) make a larger one
(v) In a moment

C. Choose the Correct answer.

1. Holland is a country where much of the land lies ……………. sea level.
(a) above
(b) below
(c) near
(d) under
Answer:
(b) below

2. The dikes kept the ………………. from rushing in and flooding the land.
(a) South Sea
(b) East Sea
(c) West Sea
(d) North Sea
Answer:
(d) North Sea

3. Peter’s ……………….. tended the gates in the dikes, called sluices.
(a) friend
(b) brother
(c) father
(d) uncle
Answer:
(c) father

4. One afternoon in the early ……………………, Peter’s mother called him from his play.
(a) summer
(b) autumn
(c) winter
(d) spring
Answer:
(b) autumn

5. Peter told the blind friend about the ………………….. far out at sea.
(a) sun, flowers and the ships
(b) sun and the ships
(c) flowers and the ships
(d) pretty blue flowers and the ships
Answer:
(a) sun, flowers and the ships

6. Father always calls them the …………………. .
(a) angry waters
(b) back waters
(c) swollen waters
(d) saving waters
Answer:
(a) angry waters

7. He listened to the rabbits’soft tread as they ………………. through the grass.
(a) walked
(b) braved
(c) contoured
(d) rustled
Answer:
(d) rustled

8. He heard the sound of ………………… water!
(a) tingling
(b) tickling
(c) trickling
(d) gushing
Answer:
(c) trickling

9. …………………. shall not be drowned while I am here.
(a) My parents
(b) Holland
(c) My siblings
(d) Harvard
Answer:
(b) Holland

10. The ……………….. looked down on the child crouching on a stone.
(a) dikes
(b) angry waters
(c) passer-by
(d) moon and stars
Answer:
(d) moon and stars

D. Match the following appropriately:

1.
Answer:
(i)(d), (ii)(e), (iii)(b), (iv)(c), (v)(a).

2.
Answer:
(i)(e), (ii)(c), (iii)(d), (iv)(a), (v)(b).

E. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

1. Holland is a country where much of the land lies below sea level. Only great walls called dikes keep the North Sea from rushing in and flooding the land. For centuries the people of Holland have worked to keep the walls strong so that their country will be safe and dry. Even the little children know the dikes must be watched every moment, and that a hole no longer than your finger can be a very dangerous thing. Many years ago there lived in Holland a boy named Peter. Peter’s father was one of the men who tended the gates in the dikes, called sluices. He opened and closed the sluices so that ships could pass out of Holland’s canals into the great sea.

(a) What keeps the North Sea from flooding Holland?
Answer:
The great walls called dikes keep the North Sea from flooding Holland.

(b) Why is there more chances for Holland to be flooded?
Answer:
There are more chances for Holland to be flooded since much of the land lies below sea level.

(c) What is the precaution taken by the people of Holland to save the country?
Answer:
The people of Holland continuously work to keep the walls strong so that Holland will be safe and dry.

(d) What is the knowledge that the children of Holland have?
Answer:
The children of Holland know that the dikes must be watched every moment and that a hole no longer than a finger can be very dangerous.

(e) Who tended the gates in the dikes? What are they called?
Answer:
The gates of the dikes called Sluices were tended by Peter’s father.

2. Many years ago there lived in Holland a boy named Peter. Peter’s father was one of the men who tended the gates in the dikes, called sluices. He opened and closed the sluices so that ships could pass out of Holland’s canals into the great sea. One afternoon in the early fall, when Peter was eight years old, his mother called him from his play. “Come, Peter,” she said. “I want you to go across the dike and take these cakes to your friend, the blind man.

If you go quickly, and do not stop to play, you will be home again before dark.” The little boy was glad to go on such an errand, and started off with a light heart. He stayed with the poor blind man a little while to tell him about his walk along the dike and about the sun and the flowers and the ships far out at sea. Then he remembered his mother’s wish that he should return before dark and, bidding his friend goodbye, he set out for home.

(a) What was the work done by Peter’s father?
Answer:
Peter’s father tended the gates in the dikes, called sluices. He opened and closed the sluices so that ships could pass out of Holland’s canals into the great sea.

(b) How old is Peter and who is his friend?
Answer:
Peter is eight years old and his friend is a visually challenged person.

(c) What was the job given to Peter by his mother?
Answer:
Peter’s mother wanted him to take cakes across the dikes to his blind friend that she had made.

(d) How did Peter spend his time with his blind friend?
Answer:
Peter stayed with his blind friend and told him about his walk across the dikes. He described to his blind friend about the sun, the flowers and
the ships which were far out in the sea.

(e) What did Peter remember while talking with his friend?
Answer:
While talking with his friend, Peter remembered his mother’s wish that he should return home before dark.

The Little Hero of Holland by Mary Elizabeth Mapes About the Author:

Mary Elizabeth Mapes was born in 1831 to Prof. James Jay Mapes and Sophia Furman in New York City. She acquired a good education under private tutors. In 1851 she married the lawyer William Dodge. Within the next four years she gave birth to two1 sons, James and Harrington. In 1859 Mary Mapes, a widow then, began writing and editing, working with her father to publish two magazines, the Working Farmer and the United States Journal. Within a few years she had great success with a collection of short stories, The Irvington Stories (1864), and a novel was solicited. Dodge then wrote & Hans Brinker, or the Silver Skates, which became an instant bestseller. Dodge died at her summer cottage in Tannersville, New York, in 1905 and is buried in the Evergreen Cemetery.

The Little Hero of Holland Summary:

Introduction:
The author narrates a true story of a young boy who with a passionate love for his village saved it. This made him famous and he is remembered to this day in Holland.

Peter’s friend
Peter is a little boy who lived in Holland. His father took care of the dikes called sluices so that ships could pass out of Holland’s canals into the sea. On a beautiful day in Autumn this boy, Peter who was eight years old, was asked to go and give cakes to his blind friend who lived on the other side of the dike by his mother. After about an hour when he was returning home, the climate had changed; it was raining and the water in the channel was rising.

Peter’s courage
All of a sudden he heard the sound of dribbling water and he wondered from where the sound came. Then he saw a very small hole in the dike! Now every child in Holland knew what that meant! Due to the pressure of the water the hole would not stay the same for long and that meant flood! He knew what to do. He c1imbed onto the dike and put his finger in the hole. Now he hoped for someone to come to his help and cried out aloud. His mother mistook him to have stayed back with his blind friend and retired to bed. The boy was sure that he had to stay awake the entire night and keep his finger in the hole to arrest the water from flooding Holland. The water in the canal was rising and if he would remove his finger from the hole in the sluice, the water would gush through and make the hole bigger and bigger. The town would obviously flood.

People praise Peter for his bravery
When dawn broke, a man going to work heard the sound of Peter groaning. He wondered what the little boy was up to and was shocked at his reply. He understood the danger and called for help. People came in with shovel and mended the hole. Peter was carried home and they all hailed him as the brave boy who saved Holland from drowning.

Conclusion:
So we understand that no one should forsake the duty towards their nation when one comes to know that it is in danger. One must not hesitate to take a bold decision to save one’s country.

The Little Hero of Holland Glossary:

Textual:

Additional:

We hope the data given here will benefit you to the fullest extent at the time of preparation. For better understanding of English subject this Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Solutions for Class 10th English Supplementary Chapter 6 The Little Hero of Holland PDF is the best resource. Download & ace up your preparation. Keep in touch with us and get the latest information on Tamilnadu State board Textbook Solutions PDF.

Looking to improve English skills and gain more subject knowledge then the best resources that you can use here is Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Solutions for Vocabulary Affixes (Prefix & Suffix) Questions and Answers.

In the Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Guide for textbook solutions, subject experts covered all types of questions and answers related to the topics, quick notes, summary, solved & unsolved exercises, etc. If you are planning to prepare Chapter via textbook, then you’re suggested to go with this Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Book Solutions Questions and Answers PDF for better understanding and preparation.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Vocabulary Affixes (Prefix & Suffix)

English Subject experts who are having max years of experience prepared this Tamilnadu State Board Solutions for 10th English Vocabulary Affixes (Prefix & Suffix) Questions and Answers. They have explained all the topics covered in the board prescribed latest syllabus in a simple way to understand easily. So, students can prepare English from this Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Book Questions and Answers PDF. Download the Tamilnadu State Board 10th English Workbook Answers PDF by accessing the below links and learn properly for the final exams to score well.

Question 1.
Form a new word by adding a suitable prefix to the root word “vision”.
(a) in ______ (b) un ______ (c) dis ______ (d) en ______
Answer:
(d) envision

Question 2.
Form a new word by adding a prefix to the root word “noble”.
(a) in ______ (b) ig ______ (c) dis ______ (d) mis ______
Answer:
(b) ignoble

Question 3.
Form a new word by adding a suitable prefix to the root word “compass”.
(a) in ______ (b) un ______ (c) en ______ (d) mis ______
Answer:
(c) encompass

Question 4.
Form a new word by adding a suitable suffix to the root word “miser”.
(a) ______al (b) ______ic (c) ______ly (d) ______ness
Answer:
(c) miserly

Question 5.
Form a new word by adding a suitable suffix to the root word “music”.
(a) ______s (b) ______ian (c) ______ir (d) ______ion
Answer:
(b) musician

Question 6.
Form a new word by adding a suitable suffix to the root word “announce”.
(a) ______al (b) ______ic (c) ______r (d) ______ment
Answer:
(d) announcement

Question 7.
Form a new word by adding a suitable suffix to the root word ‘secure’.
(a) ______ity (6) ______ic (c) ______ile (d) ______ion
Answer:
(a) security

Question 8.
Form a new word by adding a suitable suffix to the root word “bright”.
(a) ______al (b) ______ic (c) ______ness (d) ______ion
Answer:
(c) brightness

Question 9.
Form a new word by adding a suitable suffix to the root word “colour”.
(a) ______al (b) ______ic (c) ______ile (d) ______ful
Answer:
(d) colourful

Question 10.
Form a new word by adding a suitable suffix to the root word “human”.
(a) ______al (b) ______ity (c) ______ile (d) ______ion
Answer:
(b) humanity

Question 11.
Form a new word by adding a suitable prefix to the root word “secure”.
(a) in ______ (b) un ______ (c) dis ______ (d) mis ______
Answer:
(a) insecure

Question 12.
Form a new word by adding a prefix to the root word “fair”.
(a) in______ (b) un______ (c) re______ (d) mis______
Answer:
(b) unfair

Question 13.
Form a new word by adding a suitable prefix to the root word “standard”.
(a) in______ (b) un______ (c) dis______ (d) sub______
Answer:
(d) substandard

Question 14.
Form a new word by adding a suitable prefix to the root word “violet”.
(a) ultra______ (b) un______ (c) dis______ (d) mis______
Answer:
(a) ultraviolet

Question 15.
Form a new word by adding a suitable prefix to the root word “power”.
(a) in______ (b) em______ (c) dis______ (d) mis______
Answer:
(b) empower

Question 16.
Form a new word by adding a suitable prefix to the root word “lock”.
(a) in______ (b) un______ (c) dis______ (d) inter______
Answer:
(d) interlock

Question 17.
Form a new word by adding a suitable suffix to the root word “need”.
(a) ______al (b) ______y (c) ______ile (d) ______ion
Answer:
(b) needy

Question 18.
Form a new word by adding a suitable suffix to the root word “danger”.
(a) ______ous (b) ______ic (c) ______ile (d) ______ion
Answer:
(a) dangerous

Question 19.
Form a new word by adding a suitable suffix to the root word “narrate”.
(a) ______al (b) ______ive (c) ______ile (d) ______ion
Answer:
(b) narrative

Question 20.
form a new word by adding a suitable suffix to the root word “kind”.
(a) ______al (b) ______ic (c) ______ile (d) ______ness
Answer:
(d) kindness

Question 21.
Form a new word by adding a suitable prefix to the root word “lap”.
(a) in______ (b) un______ (c) over______ (d) mis______
Answer:
(c) overlap

Question 22.
Form a new word by adding a prefix to the root word “visible”.
(a) in______ (b) un______ (c) dis______ (d) mis______
Answer:
(a) invisible

Question 23.
Form a new word by adding a suitable prefix to the root word “national”.
(a) in______ (b) ir______ (c) multi______ (d) mis______
Answer:
(c) multinational

Question 24.
Form a new word by adding a suitable suffix to the root word “harm”.
(a) ______al (b) ______ic (c) ______ile (d) ______ful
Answer:
(d) harmful

Question 25.
Form a new word by adding a suitable suffix to the root word “neighbour”.
(a) ______al (b) ______ic (c) ______hood (d) ______ion
Answer:
(c) neighbourhood

Question 26.
Form a new word by adding a suitable suffix to the root word “exception”.
(a) ______al (b) ______ic (c) ______ile (d) ______ion
Answer:
(a) exceptional

Question 27.
Form a new word by adding a suitable suffix to the root word ‘national’.
Answer:
(a) ______al (b) ______ic (c) ______ity (d) ______ion
Answer:
(c) nationality

Question 28.
Form a new word by adding a suitable suffix to the root word “champion”.
(a) ______al (b) ______ship (c) ______ile (d) ______ion
Answer:
(b) championship

Question 29.
Form a new word by adding a suitable suffix to the root word “wilder”.
(a) ______al (b) ______ic (c) ______ness (d) ______ion
Answer:
(c) wilderness

Question 30.
Form a new word by adding a suitable suffix to the root word “tradition”.
(a) ______al (b) ______ic (c) ______ile (d) ______ion
Answer:
(a) traditional

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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Economics Solutions Chapter 4 Government and Taxes

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Government and Taxes Textual Exercise

I. Choose the correct answer.

Question 1.
The three levels of governments in India are ………………
(a) Union, state and local
(b) Central, state and village
(c) Union, municipality and panchayat
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(a) Union, state and local

Question 2.
In India, taxes are including:
(a) Direct taxes
(b) Indirect taxes.
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these
Answer:
(c) Both (a) and (b)

Question 3.
Which is the role of government and development policies?
(a) Defence
(b) Foreign policy
(c) Regulate the economy
(d) all of above
Answer:
(d) all of above

Question 4.
The most common and important tax levied on an individual in India is:
(a) Service tax
(b) Excise duty.
(c) Income tax
(d) Central sales tax
Answer:
(c) Income tax

Question 5.
Under which tax one nation, one uniform tax is ensured ……………
(a) Value added tax (VAT)
(b) Income tax
(c) Goods and service tax
(d) Sales tax
Answer:
(c) Goods and service tax

Question 6.
Income tax was introduced in India for the first time in the year:
(a) 1860
(b) 1870
(c) 1880
(d) 1850
Answer:
(a) 1860

Question 7.
………………. tax is charged on the benefits derived from property ownership.
(a) Income tax
(b) Wealth tax
(c) Corporate tax
(d) Excise duty
Answer:
(b) Wealth tax

Question 8.
What are identified as causes of black money?
(a) Shortage of goods
(b) High tax rate
(c) Smuggling
(d) All of above
Answer:
(d) All of above

Question 9.
Tax evasion is the illegal evasion of taxes by …………..
(a) Individuals
(b) Corporations
(c) Trusts
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(d) All of the above

Question 10.
Payments are:
(a) Fees and fines
(b) Penalities and forfeitures
(c) None of the above
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Answer:
(d) Both (a) and (b)

II. Fill in the blanks.

1. …………… is levied by the government for the development of the state’s economy.
2. The origin of the word ‘tax’ is from the word ……………
3. The burden of the ……………… tax cannot be shifted to others.
4. ………….. tax is levied on companies that exist as separate entities from their shareholders.
5. The Goods and Service Tax act came into effect on ………………
6. The unaccounted money that is concealed from the tax administrator is called …………….
Answers:
1. Tax
2. Taxation
3. Direct
4. Corporate
5.1 July 2017
6. Black money

III. Which of the following statement is correct about GST?

Question 1.
(i) GST is the ‘one-point tax’.
(ii) This aims to replace all direct taxes levied on goods and services by the Central and State governments.
(iii) It will be implemented from 1 July 2017 throughout the country.
(iv) It will unified the tax structure in India.
(a) i and ii are correct
(b) ii, iii and iv are correct
(c) i, iii and iv are correct
(d) All are correct
Answer:
(c) i, iii and iv are correct

Question 2.
Choose the incorrect statements.
(i) Shortage of goods, whether natural or artificial, is the root cause of black money.
(ii) Industrial sector has been the major contributor to black money.
(iii) Smuggling is one of the major sources of black money.
(iv) When the tax rate is low, more black money is generated.
(a) i and ii
(b) iv
(c) i
(d) ii and iii
Answer:
(b) iv

IV. Match the following.

Answer:
1. (d)
2. (e)
3. (a)
4. (b)
5. (c)

V. Give Short Answers.

Question 1.
Define tax.
Answer:
According to Prof. Seligman, “A tax is a compulsory contribution from a person to the Government to defray the expenses incurred in the common interest of all, without reference to special benefits conferred”.

Question 2.
Why we pay tax to the government?
Answer:
The levying of taxes aims to raise revenue to fund governance or to alter prices in order to affect demand. States and their functional equivalents throughout history have used money provided by taxation to carry out many functions. Some of these include expenditures on economic infrastructure (transportation, sanitation, public safety, education, healthcare our systems, to name a few), military, scientific research, culture and the arts, public works and public insurance and the operation of government itself. A government’s ability to raise taxes is called its fiscal capacity.

Question 3.
Write the canons of tax system?
Answer:
Canon of equity, Canon of certainty, canons of Economy and Convenience, Canon of Productivity and Canon of Elasticity.

Question 4.
What are the types of tax? Give examples.
Answer:
(i) J.S. Mill defines a direct tax as “one which is demanded from the very persons who it is intended or desired should pay it.” Some direct taxes are income tax, wealth tax and corporation tax.

(ii) If the burden of the tax can be shifted to others, it is an indirect tax. The impact is on one person while the incidence is on the another person. Therefore, in the case of indirect taxes, the tax payer is not the tax bearer. Some indirect taxes are stamp duty, entertainment tax, excise duty and goods and service tax (GST).

Question 5.
Write short note on Goods and Service Tax.
Answer:
The Goods and services taxes is one of the indirect taxes levied when a consumer buys a good or service. The tax came into effect on 1 July 2017. ’ The motto is one nation, one market, one tax.

Question 6.
What is progressive tax?
Answer:
Progressive tax rate is one in which the rate of taxation increases (multiplier) as the tax base increases (multiplicand). The amount of tax payable is calculated by multiplying the tax base with the tax rate. In the case of a progressive tax, the multiplicand (income) increases. When income increases, the tax rate also increases. This is known as a progressive tax.

Question 7.
What is meant by black money?
Answer:
Black money is unaccounted money. It is the income on which taxes have not been paid. In other words, the unaccounted money that is concealed from the tax administrator is called black money.

Question 8.
What is tax evasion?
Answer:
Tax evasion is the illegal evasion of taxes by individuals, corporations and trusts. Tax evasion often entails taxpayers deliberately misrepresenting the true state of their affairs to the tax authorities to reduce their tax liability and includes dishonest tax reporting, such as declaring less income, profits or gains than the amounts actually earned, or overstating deductions.

Question 9.
Write some causes of tax evasion.
Answer:

1. Hight rate of taxes.
2. Low educational level of population.
3. Complicated procedures of tax payments.
4. Lack of citizen’s tax integrity.

Question 10.
What is the difference between tax and payments?
Answer:

S. No.	Tax	Payments
1	Tax is compulsory to the government without getting any direct benefits.	Fee is the payment for getting any service.
2	If the element of revenue for general purpose of the state predominates, the levy becomes a tax.	While a fee is a payment for a specific benefit privilege although the special to the primary purpose of regulation in public interest.
3	Tax is a compulsory payment.	Fee is a voluntary payment.
4	If tax is imposed on a person, he has to pay it; otherwise he has to be penalised.	On the other hand fee is not paid if the person do not want to get the service.
5	In this case, tax payer does not expect any direct benefit. Example: Income tax, gift box, wealth tax, VAT etc.	Fee payer can get direct benefit for paying fee. Examples: stamp fee, driving license fee, government registration fee

VI. Brief Answer

Question 1.
Briefly explain the role of government in development policies.
Answer:
The role of government and development policies:
In India, the three levels of governments, namely, union, state and local, have been carrying out various functions for the benefit of people and society at large. These roles are into divided into seven categories for easy understanding.

Defence: This is an essential security function to protect our nation from our enemies. We know that we have three services, namely, army, navy and air force. The Union government is responsible for creating and maintaining defence forces.

Foreign Policy: In today’s world, we need to maintain friendly relationships with all the other countries in the world. India is committed to world peace. We should also maintain cordial economic relationships through exports and imports, sending and receiving investments and labour. This service is also provided by the Union government.

Conduct of periodic elections: India is a democratic country. We elect our representatives to Parliament and state assemblies. The Union government creates laws and administrative system and conducts elections to these two legislature institutions. Similarly the state governments conduct elections to local bodies within the state.

Law and order: Both the Union and state governments enact numerous laws to protect our rights, properties and to regulate our economy and society. To settle disputes, the Union government has a vibrant judicial system consisting of courts at the national, state and lower levels and state governments take the responsibility for administering the police force in respective states.

Public administration and provision of public goods: The government generally administers the economy and society through various departments, for example, revenue department, schools, hospitals, rural development and urban development. The list of departments with the Union and state governments are available in the public domain. The local governments provide public goods like local roads, drainage, drinking water and waste collection and disposal.

Redistribution of income and poverty alleviation: Governments collect various taxes to finance the various activities mentioned earlier. The taxes are collected in a way that the high-income people can bring in more tax revenue to the government than the poor. The governments also spend money such that the poor are given some basic necessities of life like food, shelter, clothing education, health care and monthly income to the very poor persons. Thus collecting taxes and spending for the poor is how the government redistributes income and introduces measures to reduce poverty.

Regulate the economy: The Union government, through the Reserve Bank of India, controls money supply and controls the interest rate, inflation and foreign exchange rate. The main objective is to remove too much of fluctuation in these rates. The Union also controls the economy through various other agencies such as Securities Exchange Board of India and Competition Commission of India. All the governments in India run public sector enterprises to provide important goods and services at affordable rates to the people.

Question 2.
Explain some direct and indirect taxes.
Answer:
Taxes are compulsory payments to Government by the people without expecting anything in return. Taxes are of two types: Direct taxes and Indirect taxes. .
Direct Taxes: A tax imposed on an individual or organisation which is paid directly is called as Direct taxes.

Some of the Direct taxes are explained below:

Income Tax:

1. It is charged directly based on the income of a person.
2. The rate at which it is charged varies depending on the level of income.

Corporate Tax:

1. It is charged on companies that exist as separate entities from their shareholders.
2. It is charged on interest gains from sale of capital assets located in India.
3. It is also charged for fees for a technical services and dividends.

Wealth Tax:

1. It is charged on the benefits derived from property ownership, on its current market value. .

Indirect Taxes:
Stamp Duty:

1. It is a tax that is paid on official documents like marriage registration or documents related to a property in contractual agreements.

Entertainment Tax:

1. It is a tax that is charged by the Government on any source of entertainment provided. Eg: Amusement Parks, Movie tickets, Exhibitions.

Excise Duty:

1. It is levied on the goods at the time of its manufacture.
2. In addition to sales tax, this tax is imposed.

Goods and services Tax:

1. It is levied when a consumer buys a goods or services.
2. GST varies with the nature of the goods.

Question 3.
Write the structure of GST.
Answer:
Structure of Goods and Service Tax (GST):
State Goods and Service Tax (SGST): Intra state (within the state) VAT/sales tax, purchase tax, entertainment tax, luxury tax, lottery tax and state surcharge and cesses.

Central Goods and Service Tax (CGST): Intra state (within the state) Central Excise Duty , service tax, countervailing duty, additional duty of customs, surcharge, education and secondary/higher secondary cess

Integrated Goods and Service Tax (IGST): Inter state (integrated GST) There are four major GST rates: 5%, 12%, 18% and 28%. Almost all the necessities of life like vegetables and food grains are exempted from this tax.

Question 4.
What is black money? Write the causes of black money.
Answer:
Black money is funds earned in the black market on which income and other taxes have not been paid.

Cause of Black money:

1. Shortage of goods: Even if it is shortage occurring naturally or created artificially, it is the root cause of black money.
2. Licensing proceeding: Permit, quota, license all these are associated with maldistribution of commodities in short supply which results in black money.
3. Contribution of the Industrial sector: For example the controller of public limited companies tries to buy commodities at lower prices and bill them at high amount and the balance goes to them personally.
4. Smuggling: Precious metals like gold and silver, electronic goods, textiles were levied heavy excise duty. To avoid paying these duties, smuggling is done illegally that results in black money.
5. Tax structure: When tax rates are high, tax evasion naturally arises that leads to generation of black money.

Question 5.
Explain the role of taxation in economic development.
Answer:
The role of taxation in developing economics is as follows.
Resource mobilisation: Taxation enables the government to mobilise a substantial amount of revenue. The tax revenue is generated by imposing direct taxes such as personal income tax and corporate tax and indirect taxes such as customs duty, excise duty, etc.

Reduction in equalities of income: Taxation follows the principle of equity. The direct taxes are progressive in nature. Also certain indirect taxes, such as taxes on luxury goods, is also progressive in nature.

Social welfare: Taxation generates social welfare. Social welfare is generated due to higher taxes on certain undesirable products like alcoholic products.

Foreign exchange: Taxation encourages exports and restricts imports, Generally developing countries and even the developed countries do not impose taxes on export items.

Regional development: Taxation plays an important role in regional development, Tax incentives such as tax holidays for setting up industries in backward regions, which induces business firms to set up industries in such regions.

Control of inflation: Taxation can be used as an instrument for controlling inflation. Through taxation the government can control inflation by reducing the tax on the commodities.

VII. Project and activity

Question 1.
Collect information about the local taxes (water, electricity and house tax etc).
Answer:
Do it yourself.

Question 2.
Students purchase some goods on the shop. The teacher and students discuss those goods, maximum retail price, purchasing price or GST.
Answer:
Do it yourself.

Government and Taxes Additional Questions

I. Choose the correct answer.

Question 1.
……………. is an essential security function to protect our nation from our enemies.
(a) Foreign policy
(b) Defence
(c) Excise duty
Answer:
(b) Defence

Question 2.
From …………………. many economists had given lists of Canons of taxation.
(a) Marshall
(b) Adam Smith
(c) Pigou
(d) Malthus
Answer:
(b) Adam Smith

Question 3.
In India taxes are collected by all the ……………. tiers of government.
(a) two
(b) three
(c) four
Answer:
(b) three

Question 4.
A Government’s ability to raise taxes is called its …………………. capacity.
(a) Fiscal
(b) Monetary
(c) Defence
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) Fiscal

Question 5.
The taxes on properties are collected by ……………… Governments.
(a) Local
(b) State
(c) Union
Answer:
(a) Local

Question 6.
The act of GST was passed in the parliament on 29th March :
(a) 2015
(b) 2016
(c) 2017
(d) 2018
Answer:
(c) 2017

Question 7.
…………….. is one of the major sources of black money.
(a) Saving
(b) Smuggling
(c) Shortage of good
Answer:
(b) Smuggling

II. Fill in the blanks :

1. The Union government is responsible for creating and maintaining ……………..
2. The ……………. conduct elections to local bodies within the state.
3. Tax means …………………
4. The present Indian tax system is based on the …………….. tax system.
5. …………… was the first country to implement GST in 1954.
Answers:
1. defence forces
2. state government
3. estimate
4. ancient
5. France

III. Match the following.

1.	Excise duty	(a)	Major sources of black money
2.	Stamp duty	(b)	Unaccounted money
3.	Entertainment	(c)	Tax paid for official documents
4.	Black money	(d)	Movie ticket
5.	Smuggling	(e)	Manufactured goods

Answers:
1. (e)
2. (c)
3. (d)
4. (b)
5. (a)

IV. Short Answer:

Question 1.
Who levies tax? why?
Answer:
Tax is levied by the Government for the development of the State’s economy.

Question 2.
Write about corporate tax.
Answer:
It is levied on companies that exist as separate entities from their shareholders. It is charged on royalties, interest gains from sale of capital assets located in India and fees for a technical services and dividends.

Question 3.
What do you understand by local tax?
Answer:
Local tax is a tax charged by a local government such as a city or country.

Question 4.
Write about stamp duty.
Answer:
Stamp duty is a tax is paid on official documents like marriage registration or documents related to a property and in some contractual agreements.

Question 5.
What is the aim motto of goods and services tax?
Answer:
It aims to replace all indirect taxes levied on goods and services by the Central and State Governments. Its motto is “One nation, one market, one tax”.

V. Answer the following in detail.

Question 1.
What are the effects of Tax evasion.
Answer:

1. Tax evasion results in black money.
2. It prevents the resource mobilisation of the Central Government leading to shortage of funds.
3. It leads to distorting saving and Investment pattern of the economy and availability of resources for various sectors of the economy.
4. Tax evasion undermines the equity attributes of the tax system.
5. Tax evasion and black money encourage the concentration of economic power in few hands.
6. It consumers time and energy of tax administration to find out the tax evaders and put them under the right stream.

Question 2.
Explain the causes of tax evasions.
Answer:
(i) Tax evasion resulting in black money prevents the resource mobilisation efforts of the Union government. Shortage of funds distorts implementation of developmental plans and forces the government to resort to deficit financing in case public expenditure is inelastic.

(ii) Tax evasion interferes with the declared economic policies of the government by distorting saving and investment patterns and availability of resources for various sectors of the economy.

(iii) Tax evasion undermines the equity attribute of the tax system. Honest taxpayers willingly bear disproportionate tax burden, feel demoralised and lured to join the tax evaders’ camp.

(iv) Tax evasion and black money encourage the concentration of economic power in the hands of undeserving groups in the country, which, in turn, is a threatening to the economy in its way.

(v) Evasion of tax consumes time and energy of tax administration to disentangle the intricate manipulations of tax dodgers.

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No Men Are Foreign Textual Questions

A. Based on the understanding of the poem, read the following lines and answer the questions given below.

(i) Beneath all uniforms, a single body breathes
Like ours: the land our brothers walk upon
Is earth like this, in which we all shall lie.
(a) What is found beneath all uniforms?
Answer:
Though the outward appearance of people may change because of the difference in their attire, there is an inherent similarity between all human beings. All people live and breathe in a similar fashion. Militaries in the world may don different uniforms but they comprise of human beings who essentially are the same anywhere in the world.

(b) What is same for every one of us?
Answer:
When we die, we all shall meet this same earth in the end where we shall be buried in it the same way.

(c) Where are we all going to lie finally?
Answer:
The poet says that at the end of our respective lives, we all shall lie buried in the same earth. He means to draw our attention to the common fate that awaits us regardless of our nationality.

Additional:
(a) What makes men strange and countries foreign?
(b) Who is referred to as ‘our brothers’ in this stanza?
(c) What lesson can we learn from these lines?
(d) What should we remember?
(e) What uniforms is the poet talking about?
(f) Where do our brothers walk?
(g) Name the poem and the poet.
(h) What is the figure of speech in the first line?
(i) Explain the metaphor in the first line.
(j) What breathes beneath all uniforms?
Answer:
(a) Geographical boundaries segregate countries. We consider countries other than ours to be ‘foreign’ and the people living in these countries to be ‘strange’.
(b) The people who live in countries other than ours have been referred to as our brothers.
(c) These lines teach us the lesson of peace, universal brotherhood and harmony.
(d) We should remember that no men are strange and no country is foreign.
(e) The poet is talking about the different uniforms worn by different people in different countries.
(f) Our brothers walk on this earth which is the same for all.
(g) The name of the poem is ‘No Men Are Foreign’ and the name of the poet is ‘James Kirkup’.
(h) Beneath all uniforms, a single body breathes – Metaphor is the figure of speech employed here. Beneath all uniforms, a single body breathes.
(i) ‘Uniforms’ here basically stand for militaries that different countries in the world have. These uniforms may be different in colour, design, shape and culture, but people donning them are the same anywhere in the world. So the word uniform is indirectly compared to the militaries of different countries.
(j) A single type of body breathes beneath all uniforms.

(ii) They, too, aware of sun and air and water,
Are fed by peaceful harvests, by war’s long winter starv’d.
(a) What is common for all of us?
(b) How are we fed?
(c) Mention the season referred here?
Answer:
(a) Sun, air and water is common for all of us.
(b) We the people of the world are nourished and nurtured equally by the elements of Nature like sun, air and water, enjoying the harvests in peaceful times and dreading starvation caused by long-drawn wars.
(c) The season mentioned here is winter.

Additional:
(a) Who does ‘they’ refer to in the first line?
(b) What are they aware of?
(c) What are all men fed by?
(d) What do you mean by peaceful harvest?
(e) What do you mean by ‘wars’ long winter?
(f) What are they starved by?
(g) Which poetic device has been used in “war’s long winter starv’d”?
(h) Why has war’s winter been called long?
(i) What is the figure of speech in the line, war’s long winter starv’d?
(j) Explain war’s long winter starv’d?
Answer:
(a) ‘They’ refers to the people of countries other than ours, whom we consider as strangers.
(b) They are aware of the benefits of sun, air and water drawing sustenance from these elements of nature.
(c) All men are fed by peaceful harvests.
(d) By peaceful harvests, we mean the crops grown during the period of peace.
(e) It means the painful days of the war when we are kept indoors.
(f) They are starved by long winter.
(g) The poetic device used in “war’s long winter starv’d” is a ‘metaphor’.
(h) The winter of war has been called ‘long’ because unlike the naturalness it is self – inflicted trouble that not only robs the warmth of peace but also never ending.
(i) The starvation caused by the harsh winter has been compared indirectly to the wartime destruction. So it is Metaphor. The poetic device can also be Alliteration where the initial consonants in war and winter are repeated.
(j) Here the starvation experienced during unproductive and harsh winter describes the want and hunger faced during war-time. Both these conditions lead to ultimate destruction.

(iii) Their hands are ours, and in their lines we read
A labour not different from our own. –
(a) Who does ‘their’ refer to?
(b) What does the poet mean by ‘lines we read’?
(c) What does not differ?
Answer:
(a) ‘Their’ refers to the other people of the world whom we consider as strange and foreign.’
(b) The poet by the words, Tines we read’ means that their destiny is similar to ours.The lines of their hands also show their capacity of doing hard work or labour.
(c) Labour does not differ.

Additional:
(а) Explain the expression: ‘Their hands are ours’.
(b) Explain: ‘A labour not different from our own’.
Answer:
(a) ‘Their hands are ours’ means that they too work hard like us with their hands to earn their livelihood.
(b) This expression means that the hard work done by the people who live in other countries is not different in any way from the one that we do. All of us have to toil and work hard in a similar way for survival.

(iv) Let us remember, whenever we are told To hate our brothers, it is ourselves That we shall dispossess, betray, condemn
(а) Who tells us to hate our brothers?
(b) What happens when we hate our brothers?
(c) What do we do to ourselves?
Answer:
(a) The opportunist and leaders and politicians craving for power and authority, in short the selfish people, who control all wartime affairs, tell us to hate our brothers.
(b) When we hate our brothers, we hate ourselves unknowingly.
(c) We dispose and be disloyal to ourselves expressing complete disapproval to our deeds.

Additional:
(a) What are we doing to our fellow beings?
(b) Why do we sometimes hate our brothers?
(c) How shall we dispossess ourselves?
(d) Whom do we harm by going to war?
(e) What are the aftermaths of hatred?
(f) Why does the poet call all strangers and foreigners ‘brothers’?
Answer:
(a) We are disposing of; betraying and criticising our fellow beings.
(b) We sometimes hate our brothers because we allow vested and unscrupulous politicians and religious leaders to instigate us. We are taken in by their lies about our differences and begin to consider our brothers as strange and foreign.
(c) We shall dispossess ourselves by disliking our brothers in other parts of the world when we are told by the politically driven people to do so. These brothers cannot become foreign or strange just because they belong to different countries, races and cultures.
(d) By going to war, we harm ourselves as much as we harm the enemy. The environmental pollution makes this earth an equally unhealthy place to live in for both sides that go to war.
(e) The aftermaths of hatred are violence, communal disharmony and inhuman behaviour.
(f) All of them are bound by the common bond of humanity. Hence the poet calls all the , strangers and foreigners as brothers.

(v) Our hells of fire and dust outrage the innocence
Of air that is everywhere our own,
Remember, no men are foreign, and no countries strange.
(a) What outrages the innocence?
(b) Who are not foreign?
(c) What is not strange?
Answer:
(a) War, which is futile spoiling the very earth with hells of fire and dust outrages the innocence.
(b) Any human being who breathe the same air are not foreign.
(c) The world which becomes more difficult place to live in and any country in this world is not strange.

Additional:
(a) Explain: ‘hells of fire and dust’.
(b) Explain: ‘the innocence of air’.
Answer:
(a) ‘Hells of fire and dust’ stands for the devastation created and caused by the arms and ammunition used in wars. The dust and smoke thus caused pollute the very air we breathe.
(b) ‘Innocence of air’ means the freshness and purity of air that nature has blessed us with. It also indicates the innocence of the human mind.

Additional Questions

(i) Remember they have eyes like ours that wake
Or sleep, and strength that can be won
By love. In every land is common life
That all can recognise and understand.”
(a) What do all people have in common?
(b) Who does the word, ‘they’ refer to?
(c) Who does the words, ‘ours’ refer to?
(d) What do the eyes do?
(e) How can strength be won ?
(f) What is common in every land?
(g) What can all recognise and understand?
(h) Explain: ‘they have eyes like ours that wake or sleep’.
(i) According to the poet, how can we win other people?
(j) What do you understand by ‘common life’?
(k) What should we remember about men?
(l) What should we remember about countries?
(m) What advice does the poet give us in these lines?
Answer:
(a) All people have eyes, sleep and strength in common.
(b) ‘They’ refers to people whom we discriminate and all the people of different countries whom we consider to be strange.
(c) ‘Ours’ refers to the people living in our own country whom we consider to be like us.
(d) The eyes wake and sleep.
(e) Strength can be won by love.
(f) Life is common in every land.
(g) All can recognise and understand that life is common in every land.
(h) The poet is trying to bring home the idea that those people whom we consider strange m or foreign are similar to us in every way. They sleep and wake up each new day just ’ like us. Even though the colour and shape of their eyes is different from ours, they perform a similar function.
(i) The poet says that the strength of other people can be won by love and kindness, not by force or war.
(j) ‘Common life’ means life anywhere in the world that has similar patterns and features – birth and death, joys and sorrows, youth and old age, and so on and so forth. This commonness of ‘common life’ is experienced by all the people of the world regardless of the country in which they live.
(k) We should remember that no men are strange.
(l) We should remember that no countries are foreign.
(m) The poet advises us to ignore the orders of those who incite us to hate and abuse others because by doing so we harm ourselves.

(ii) “It is the human earth that we defile
Our hells of fire and dust outrage the innocence
Of air that is everywhere our own,
Remember, no men are foreign, and no countries strange”
(a) What are we doing to the earth?
(b) What is outraging this earth?
(c) How do we outrage the innocence of air?
(d) What do you mean by ‘hells of fire and dust’?
(e) What can we call our own?
(f) Is there any strange country?
(g) What is ‘human earth’?
(h) What does the poet want to convey by telling us that “It is the human earth that we defile”?
(i) How do we defile human earth?
(j) How do we humiliate the mother earth?
(k) What should a man remember?
Answer:
(a) We are polluting this earth.
(b) Hells of fire and dust are outraging this earth.
(c) We outrage the innocence of air by our poisonous ideas and deeds.
(d) ‘Hells of fire and dust’ means the wars that cause a lot of destruction.
(e) We can call the air our own.
(f) No, there isn’t any strange country.
(g) ‘Human earth’ is the human world that is comprised of all countries, races, cultures and creeds.
(h) The poet wants to convey that wars cause enormous destruction of life and possessions. They ruin the clean and green surroundings of the earth and breed disgust and hostility. Hence, no one profits from war because the damage caused to earth is to be tolerated similarly, for we all share the same earth.
(i) We defile or pollute the human earth by using arms and ammunition to cause extensive , death and destruction. Contemporary weapons cause irreparable damage to the environment. So, we defile the earth by our polluted ideas and hellish deeds.
(j) We humiliate the mother earth by fighting and killing one another.
(k) A man should remember that no men are foreign and no countries are strange.

B. Based on your understanding of the poem, complete the summary using the phrases given below.

This poem is about the ……………… (a) ……………… of all men. The subj ect of the poem is the …………… (b) …………. race, despite of the difference in colour, caste, creed, religion, country etc. All human beings are same. We walk on the …………….. (c) ………….. and we will be buried under it. Each and everyone of us are related to the other. We all are bom same and die in the same way. We may wear different uniforms like ………………… (d) ………….. during wars the opposing side will also have the same …………… (e) …………….. like ours. We as human do they same labour with ……………. (f) …………… and look at the world with the …………… (g) ……………… Waging war against others as they belong to a different country is like attacking our own selves. It is the ………………(h) ……………. we impair. We all share the same ……………… (i) ……………We are similar to each other. So the poet concludes that we shouldn’t have wars as it is ……………. (j) ……………… to fight against us.
(unity of human, dreams and aspirations, same land, our hands, unnatural, breathing body, same eyes, brotherhood, language, human earth)
Answers:
(a) brotherhood
(b) unity of human
(c) same land
(d) language
(e) breathing body
(f) our hands
(g) same eyes
(h) dreams and aspirations
(i) human earth
(j) unnatural

C. Based on your understanding of the poem answer the following questions in a ‘paragraph of about 100-150 words.

Question 1.
‘What is the central theme of the poem ‘No men are foreign’?
Answer:
James Kirkup gives a positive message of hope to mankind. In spite of obvious divisions and variances, all are united together by the common bond of civilization and mankind. For their entrusted interests, some selfish people divide lands and people. They collaborate to create hatred and divisions among people. The poet validates the statement that people living in different countries are essentially the same by proclaiming that ‘no men are strange and no men are foreign’.

That is the part of the title of the poem and it is the central theme too. Every single body breathes and functions in the same way as ours. Each one of us equally needs the sun, air and water. Human hands too are used for the similar purpose of labouring for livelihood. Even eyes perform similar purpose of sleeping and waking up. Love wins us all and we all identify its power.

In peace times, we all flourish and wars starve us. Hatred leads us astray and when we take up arms against each other, the entire earth is defiled and destroyed. Therefore, we all like peace which showers abundance and prosperity on us. Therefore, fundamentally we all are the same.

We should understand and try to recognise that the same soul runs through all the people. Let us work for the unity and affluence of all lands and all people. Let us not pollute and taint the earth which is ours. Hatred and narrow ideas pollute the minds of the people.

Conflicts and wars bring destruction and violence. We should remember that raising our arms against anyone means fighting against ourselves. The poet reminds us to remember, recognise and strengthen the common bond that unites mankind and humanity which is the main theme of this poem.

‘Sometimes one feels better speaking to a stranger than someone known.’

Question 2.
The poem ‘No men are foreign ’ has a greater relevance in today’s world. Elucidate. The poet, James Kirkup, quotes various instances to prove that no men are foreign. The very title of the poem is thought-provoking and forces the reader to think about the issue of people living in other countries as foreigners and strangers.

As the poem advances, the poet recurrently emphasises that all human beings are indistinguishable in their nature and tactics. All live on the same earth; enjoy air, sun and water; love peace and are opposed to war. They all have mutual experiences and toil in a similar manner to earn the living. The realistic reasoning put forth by the poet and the numerous reminders fully satisfy the reader that no men are foreign. He gets the message that alienation from fellow brethren is equally damaging to himself.

He also understands that by treating other men as foreign, the world stands exposed to the risk of war which can lead to permanent destruction and pollution of mother earth. It is true that many people have been telling us to live harmoniously since long. We never follow their message. We also know that our greed to get more wealth and power cannot give us peaceful life.

But some deep-rooted evils in our society make us draw a distinction between people. We know that all customs and conventions have been made by people. We start to hate even our family members due to our ego to be more powerful. By doing so, we at last harm ourselves. In society, people dislike selfish people. So before going to hurt other’s feeling, first of all we should think whether doing such act with others are justified by other people or society.

‘Smile at strangers and you just might change a life. ’

Additional Questions

Question 1.
How are we alike? Explain in context with the poem, ‘No Men Are Foreign’.
Answer:
All human-beings are the same. We have a similar body structure. All of us need air to breathe, sunlight and warmth to live and water for our survival. Our daily routine is also similar. We wake up in the morning, bathe and have breakfast before going on with our daily chores. All of us long for love and affection. We all sleep at night and wake up in the morning. When our needs and feelings are the same, then isn’t it right to treat all men alike? We should not look down upon anybody on the basis of his/her colour, caste, region or gender.

We should treat everyone as our brother and sister. Unfortunately, some self- centred people fight with others and hurt them. They think that others have harmed them. We should not think that other people are ‘others’. They are also our brothers. If they make one mistake, we should forgive them or compromise with them.

‘Acceptance for one another is the key to living.’

Question 2.
‘ The land our brothers walk upon
Is earth like this, in which we all shall lie.’
What does the poet mean to say in the above lines? Explain.
Answer:
The poet means to say in these lines that it is the same land on which we walk and tread. After our death, we would be buried in the same earth. Through these lines the poet tells us that we do all our activities on this same land. We get food for our survival from this same land. We make our houses on this land and we get many other things from the same land. Therefore, why should we consider some as strangers? No one is foreign or strange. We live in the same house or universe as a family.

Then why do we create discrimination against some people? Why do we fight with our brothers? It is all because of our greed to get more wealth and power. We want to have more wealth and power than others. In our quest to fulfil this desire, we fight with others and hurt them. The poet also tells us that one day all of us will die. Nothing would remain ours. We cannot take any of our possessions with us. We will have to leave all things on this same earth. Finally when we die, all of us will be buried in this same earth.

‘All are alike. ’

Question 3.
In what way do we dispossess, betray and condemn ourselves by hating our brothers and taking up arms against them?
Answer:
By hating our brothers and taking up arms against them, we ‘dispossess’ ourselves as we rob ourselves of their love. When we hate them, they too react destructively and stop loving us. Mutually, we deprive each other of the noble emotion of love. We deceive ourselves as our hatred leads to wars, and wars cause widespread death and devastation. This leads to the piling up of waste that pollutes our own mother earth. The dust and smoke from war obstruct the air that we breathe.

So, hatred of fellow beings, in fact, leads to betrayal of our own selves. Further, this earns us condemnation as we disrupt the purity of the elements of nature. We threaten our own existence by ruining the systems that sustain us. Hence, hating our brothers and taking up arms against them does more damage to us.

‘The universal brotherhood of man is our most precious possession. ‘

No Men Are Foreign (James Falconer Kirkup)
Literary Devices At A Glance (Figures of Speech)

No Men Are Foreign by James Falconer Kirkup about poet:
James Falconer Kirkup was bom on April 23, 1918 in South Shields, Durham, England to James Harold Joseph and Mary Virginia. He attended Westoe Secondary School before studying Modem Languages at Armstrong College where he co-produced the poetry magazines Dint and Fulcrum, which featured his earliest verse. James Kirkup, who died on Sunday 10 May, aged 91, at his Andorran home, was an internationally celebrated English poet, travel writer, memoirist, novelist, playwright and translator. Dining the Second World War, Kirkup secured conscientious objector status, working as a farm labourer and for the Forestry Commission.

No Men Are Foreign summary:

Introduction:
In the poem ‘No men are foreign’ the poet stresses the fact that all human beings are equal. He is requesting his countrymen to not treat people unequally. Moreiver, the poet conveys that we are scarring the earth by shedding blood of our brethren in wars. Therefore the poet is putting forth a request to people to live their lives in harmony on this beautiful earth that God has given us.

World fraternity:
Emphasising the value of universal brotherhood, the poet draws our attention to the absence of any differences amongst the people of different countries. He asks us never to forget that people living in other countries are not strange or unfamiliar. The uniforms worn by people in different parts of the world may be different, but the bodies beneath them are the same. All human bodies live and breathe in a similar fashion. We are all brothers because we walk upon the same earth that we have divided into countries. Also, we shall all meet this same earth when we die and be buried in it.

All men are our friends:
All the people of the world are nourished and nurtured equally by the elements of Nature like sun, air and water. We are all human beings. We have a common soul. Everyone is united by the sameness of spirit. Therefore wars and the bloodshed that takes place in the name of caste, class, creed and country are futile and must be condemned. They too prosper during peace but have to suffer poverty, hunger and even dread starvation caused by long-drawn wars. They too toil to earn the livelihood and their destiny is similar to ours.

We should remember that our eyes that wake, sleep and love are similar to eyes all over the world. The poet asks us to remember that the so-called ‘strange’ and ‘foreign’ people experience sleep and wakefulness like us. It is a fact that wherever we may be, we can win powerful strength with love. Their experiences of life are similar to that of ours. Hence, we all find something familiar in each other’s life and realise a common identify with one another.

Hate others and hate yourself:
The poet says whenever we are asked by our leaders or rulers to hate and exploit the people of other countries, we must remember that this hatred would have a negative effect on us. We should keep in mind that if we hate others it means that we hate ourselves. We would find ourselves cheated as it would deprive us of the bliss of universal brotherhood. We would condemn ourselves to a life of enmity and strangeness.

Mother Earth’s mercy:
The poet again retells us in the end that people are contaminating this earth by their deeds. The fatal weapons emit fire and ashes that spread all over and pollute the environment. War is futile as it spoils the very earth for which we take up arms against each other. We should protect our atmosphere and keep in mind that this universe is the creation of God and we all are one. All will one day or the other die and return to earth only. This robs the air of its pureness and the world becomes a more difficult place to live in. The earth that one walks upon is the same for all people from diverse countries. People in every part of the world get the sunshine, air and water in equal methods. It is, therefore, imperative not to consider any human being as foreign and any country as strange. We must build common respect and trust.

Conclusion:
The poet tries to convey that one must shed the difference of opinion and be united and make this earth a haven. To treat anybody as a foreigner is an insult to the one who cultivates.

No Men Are Foreign Glossary:
Textual:

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The Dying Detective Warm up:

1. Solve the crossword using the list of words and the clues.
Answer:

The Dying Detective Intext Questions

Question a.
How did Watson feel when he heard of Holmes illness?
Answer:
Watson felt horrified when he heard of Holmes illness because he had hot heard about it before.

Question b.
Why didn’t the landlady call the doctor?
Answer:
The landlady didn’t call the doctor because Holmes would not allow her to bring one.

Question c.
What was the condition of Holmes when Watson saw him?
Answer:
Holmes had a gaunt face. His eyes had a brightness of fever, his cheeks were flushed and his hand twitched all the time. He lay listless.

Question d.
According to Holmes what was the disease he was suffering from?
Answer:
Holmes was suffering from Tarpaunli fever or black Formosa plague.

Question e.
Who did Watson see when he entered the room?
Answer:
Watson saw Culverton Smiths butler at the doorway. On entering the room, he saw a thin man with bald head, Mr. Culverton Smith.

Question f.
What were the instructions given by Holmes to Watson?
Answer:
Holmes did not want Watson to go before six. He asked Watson to persuade Smith to come, to tell Smith that Holmes was dying and force Smith to come. Watson should return to Holmes’ house, before Smith’s arrival. He asked Watson to light the gas and keep it half-on.

Question g.
Why did Holmes plead with Smith?
Answer:
Holmes pleaded with Smith to cure him of his disease.

Question h.
Who was responsible for Victor Savage’s death? What was the evidence for it?
Answer:
Culverton Smith was responsible for Victor Savage’s death. The ivory box was the last piece of evidence of it.

Question i.
What explanation did Holmes give for speaking rudely to Watson?
Answer:
Holmes explained that he spoke rudely to Watson because he wanted to bring Smith there and he didn’t want Watson to know that he wasn’t ill.

Question j.
How was Holmes able to look sick?
Answer:
Holmes starved for three days without food and water to look really sick.

The Dying Detective Textual Questions

A. Answer the following questions in one or two sentences.

Question 1.
Who was Mrs. Hudson? Why was she worried?
Answer:
Mrs. Hudson was the landlady of Sherlock Holmes. She was worried because Holmes was very sick.

Question 2.
Why didn’t Holmes let Watson examine him?
Answer:
Holmes didn’t let Watson examine him by telling that he was suffering from a deadly and contagious disease. In fact Holmes was acting as if he was a sick person. If Watson examined him, he would know that Holmes was not ill.

Question 3.
Why did Holmes warn Watson against touching his things? What was Watson’s reaction?
Answer:
Holmes warned Watson against touching his things because he disliked others touching his things and the box was an important evidence. Watson sat down silently.

Question 4.
What did Watson find on the table near the mantelpiece?
Answer:
Watson found a small black and white ivory box with sliding lid, on the mantelpiece.

Question 5.
Who is Mr. Culverton Smith?
Answer:
Mr. Culverton Smith is the man who has the knowledge of the disease, Holmes was suffering from. He is a planter. He lives in Sumatra, now visiting London.

Question 6.
What did Holmes ask Watson to do before leaving his room?
Answer:
Holmes asked Watson to put the money in his pockets, light the gas lamp half on, and place some letters and paper on the table. He also asked him to place the ivory box within his reach.

Question 7.
What instructions did Holmes give Watson to get Mr. Smith?
Answer:
Holmes asked Watson to persuade Mr. Culverton Smith of 13, Lower Burke Street to come and to tell him that Holmes was dying. He asked him to plead with Smith to save him.

Question 8.
Why did Holmes want Smith to treat him?
Answer:
Holmes wanted Smith, to treat him because he was the only man with the knowledge of the disease Holmes was suffering from.

Question 9.
According to Smith how did Holmes get the disease?
Answer:
According to Smith, Holmes got the disease from the spring in the ivory box, that drew blood.

Question 10.
Who arrested Smith? What were the charges against him?
Answer:
Inspector Morton arrested Smith on charges of murder of Victor Savage.

Additional Questions

Question 1.
How did Holmes show his madness to Dr. Watson?
Answer:
When Dr. Watson offered to examine symptoms and treat him Holmes said he would have a doctor in whom he had confidence. This was really very rude of Holmes and showed his madness.

Question 2.
Why was Smith startled?
Answer:
Smith was startled to know that Holmes was seriously ill. He had sent for him pleading to cure him.

Question 3.
How did Dr. Watson manage to avoid accompanying Smith during his visit to Holmes?
Answer:
Dr. Watson pretended to have some other appointment. Thus he avoided accompanying Mr. Smith during his visit to Holmes.

Question 4.
Who came to visit Holmes when Dr. Watson was waiting for his cab?
Answer:
Mr. Morton Inspector of Scotland Yard in plain clothes had come to visit Holmes.

Question 5.
What was shocking to Dr. Watson?
Answer:
The dying Holmes had the boldness to bolt the door and order him to stay indoors till six p.m.

Question 6.
Who is Victor Savage?
Answer:
Victor Savage is Smith’s nephew. He was murdered by Culverton Smith but was believed to be dead on the fourth day in spite of being a strong and healthy man because of an Eastern disease.

Question 7.
Why didn’t Holmes want Dr. Watson to go before six?
Answer:
Holmes did not want Watson to go and meet Smith before six since he would not be able to find Smith in his study.

Question 8.
Who stopped Dr. Watson at Smith’s house?
Answer:
Dr. Watson was stopped by the butler who appeared at the doorway to Smith’s room.

B. Answer the following questions in about 80 – 100 words.

Question 1.
How did Holmes trap Mr. Culverton Smith to confess the murder?
Answer:
Holmes did not eat or drink anything for three days which created the impact on his looks. He had become gaunt and pale. His voice had become just a groan. The landlady’s initial efforts to get a doctor were forbidden. On the third day evening, he allowed her to call Dr. Watson. When Dr. Watson arrived, there was a high drama disallowing him to examine the symptoms and snubbing him that he could allow a doctor in whom he can have confidence.

He claimed to have been affected by an eastern disease known as the Tarpaunli fever or black plague. When Dr. Watson offered to bring some other experts, Holmes got so annoyed. In a delirium like state, he instructed Dr. Watson to keep some letters and papers on a table within his reach. He wanted the ivory box to be kept on the table. He instructed to slide it open using tongs. He had Smith invited. He described all the symptoms of his illness. Smith asked Holmes if he received any parcel on Wednesday.

Holmes replied affirmatively and brushed it aside saying that it had a sharp blade and drew his blood. Hearing this Smith was overjoyed. He openly told him his end was near. Victor, a young person died on the fourth day. The more Holmes pleaded, the more Smith elaborated on his crime. He said that he knew too much about Victor’s death. He should not have crossed his path. He happily said that he would pocket the evidence of his crime (i.e.) the ivory box and get away. Suddenly Morton, Inspector, arrived and arrested him on charges of murder.
‘Murderers will be trapped.’

Question 2.
How did Watson help his friend to arrest the criminal?
Answer:
Dr. Watson is called to tend Holmes, who is apparently dying of a rare tropical disease, Tarpaunli fever, contracted while he was on a case at Rotherhithe. Mrs. Hudson says that Holmes has neither eaten nor taken any liquids in the last three days. Holmes forbids Watson to go near him because the illness is highly infectious. In fact, he refutes Watson and insults his abilities. Although Watson wishes to examine Holmes himself or send for a specialist, Holmes demands that Watson wait several hours before seeking help.

While Watson waits, he examines several objects in Holmes’s room. Holmes is angered when Watson touches things on his table stating his dislike for people fidgeting his things. At six o’clock, Holmes asks Watson to turn the gaslight on, but only half-full. He then instructs Watson to bring Mr. Culverton Smith from 13 Lower Burke Street to see Holmes but to make sure that Watson returns to Baker Street before Smith arrives. Watson goes to Smith’s address. Although Smith refuses to see anyone, Watson forces his way in.

Once Watson explains his duty on behalf of Sherlock Holmes, Smith’s assertiveness changes significantly. Smith agrees to come to Baker Street within half an hour. Watson excuses himself, saying that he has another appointment, and returns to Baker Street before Smith’s arrival. Believing that they are alone, Smith is frank with Holmes. It soon appears, to the hiding Watson’s horror, that Holmes has been sickened by the same illness that killed Smith’s nephew Victor.

At the end, Holmes calls for Watson to come out from behind the screen, to present himself as another witness to the conversation. Holmes explains his illness was feigned as a trick to induce Smith to confess to his nephew’s murder. Starving himself for three days and claiming to be suffering from a deadly infectious disease was to keep Watson from examining him and discovering the ruse, since, as he clarifies, he has every respect for his friend’s medical skills.
‘A detective’s perspective traps the criminal.’

Additional Questions

Question 1.
What makes Culverton Smith fall a prey to Holmes’s trap?
Answer:
Watson goes to Mr. Culverton Smith at 13 Lower Burke Street. He finds it difficult to see his friend dying. Although Smith refuses to see anyone, Watson forces his way in. As soon as Watson explains his errand, Smith’s attitude changes drastically. He persuades him to see Holmes as he is in a dying state. Smith agrees to come to Baker Street within half an hour.

Watson excuses himself, saying that he has another appointment and returns to Baker Street before Smith’s arrival as instructed by Holmes. Believing that they are alone, Smith is frank with Holmes. Holmes tells Smith that he will forget the happenings of Victor Savage and pleads with him to cure him. Smith denies and tells Holmes that he should have never crossed his path. Smith sees the little ivory box, which he had sent to Holmes by post containing a sharp spring infected with the illness.

Smith pockets it thinking to have removed the only evidence of his crime. He then resolves to stay there and watch Holmes die. However, Holmes asks Smith to turn the gas up full, which Smith does. Inspector Morton enters and Holmes tells Morton to arrest Culverton Smith for the murder of his nephew and also for the attempted murder of Sherlock Holmes.
‘You cannot escape from a detective’s eye.’

Vocabulary

C. Complete the following sentences by choosing the correct options given.

1. Niteesh bought a ………………. (knew/new) cricket bat.
2. The shepherd ………………… (herd/heard) the cry of his sheep.
3. Lakshmi completed her baking ……………….. (course/coarse) successfully.
4. Priya has broken her …………….. (four/fore) limbs.
5. Leaders of the world must work towards the ……………… (peace/piece) of human race.

Answers

1. new
2. heard
3. course
4. fore
5. peace

Use the given examples and make sentences of your own.
Commonly confused words
brought – past participle of bring. E.g. Anitha had brought a book from the library.
Kavitha brought sweets on her birthday.
bought – past participle of buy. E.g. Lalitha had bought a new dress last week.
Avinash bought a new Hero cycle.
affect – to have an effect on. E.g. The pet’s death affected his master.
The fever affected Dhanush’s studies.
effect – anything brought about by a cause or agent; result. E.g. Both El Nino and La Nina are opposite effects of the same phenomenon.
The effect of ozone layer depletion is catastrophic.

D. Complete the tabular column by finding the meaning of both the words given in the boxes. Use them in sentences of your own.

Answer:

Listening Activity:

E. Listen to the story and answer the question given below.

“Something is very wrong,” says the detective.
“I know!” says Ms. Gervis. “It is wrong that someone has stolen from me!”
The detective looks around Ms. Gervis’ apartment. “ at is not what I am talking about, ma’am. What is wrong is that I do not understand how the robber got in and out.”
Ms. Gervis and the detective stand in silence. Ms. Gervis’ eyes are full of tears. Her hands are shaking.
“The robber did not come through the window,” says the detective. “These windows have not been opened or shut in months.”
The detective looks at the fireplace. “The robber did not squeeze down here.”
The detective walks to the front door. He examines the latch. “And since there are no marks or scratches, the robber definitely did not try to break the lock.”
“I have no idea how he did it,” says a bothered Ms. Gervis. “It is a big mystery.”
“And you say the robber stole nothing else?” asks the detective. “No money, no jewelry, no crystal?”
“That’s right, detective. He took only what was important to me,” Ms. Gervis says with a sigh. “There is only one thing I can do now.”
“And what is that?” the detective asks with surprise.
“I will stop baking cakes,” Ms. Gervis says. “They are mine to give away. They are not for someone to steal.”
“You can’t do that!” says the detective with alarm. “Who will bake those delicious cakes?”
“I am sorry. I do not know,” says Ms. Gervis.
“I must solve this case immediately!” says the detective.

1. Where does this story take place?
(a) in a bakery
(b) at the police station
(c) in Ms. Gervis’ house
(d) in Ms. Gervis’ apartment
Answer:
(d) in Ms. Gervis’ apartment

2. Near the beginning of the story, “Ms. Gervis’ eyes are full of tears. Her hands are shaking.” How does Ms. Gervis probably feel?
(a) She is upset
(b) She is tired
(c) She is hungry
(d) She is confused
Answer:
(d) She is confused

3. What makes the detective sure that the robber did not come through the windows?
(a) The windows are locked
(b) The windows face the police station
(c) The windows have not been used in months
(d) The windows are too small for a person to fit through
Answer:
(c) The windows have not been used in months

4. What else was stolen from the apartment?
(a) crystal
(b) jewelry
(c) money
(d) nothing
Answer:
(d) nothing

5. “And the robber definitely did not use the front door.” Which is the best way to rewrite this sentence?
(a) “And the robber may not have used the front door.”
(b) “And the robber probably did not use the front door.”
(c) “And the robber was not able to use the front door.”
(d) “And the robber certainly did not use the front door.”
Answer:
(d) “And the robber certainly did not use the front door.”

6. What does Ms. Gervis do with her cakes?
(a) She eats them
(b) She sells them
(c) She hides them
(d) She gives them away
Answer:
(d) She gives them away

7. What does the detective seem to think will happen if he solves the mystery?
(a) Ms. Gervis will start baking cakes again
(b) Ms. Gervis will bake him extra cakes
(c) Ms. Gervis will give him her secret recipe
(d) Ms. Gervis will give him money and jewels
Answer:
(a) Ms. Gervis will start baking cakes again

8. Do you like mysteries? What is your favorite kind of story? Explain.
Answer:
Yes, I do.
I like detective stories. Lena Tamilvanan and Rajesh Kumar are good detective story writers.
The novels written by them are gripping and sustain the readers interest till the last page.

Speaking Activity

F. Exercise

1. Present the review of a movie that you have watched recently.
Review of Super Deluxe Movie I saw
Thiagarajan Kumararaja’s Super Deluxe opens with a shot of Vaembu (Samantha) lying beside someone on a bed. The camera slowly moves around the room, pulling you in the direction it travels. Soon you realise that it’s not the camera, but the director Thiagarajan Kumararaja who has lured you into his world.

And this world has eccentric characters like Arputham (Mysskin), who believes that he is god’s right hand because he was the only one who survived the Tsunami when millions died. Kumararaja doesn’t stop there. His thoughts are out-of-the- world (literally), outlandish, and outstanding.

There are 4 parallel plots taking place at the same time, involving the lives of Shilpa (Vijay Sethupathi), Leela (Ramya Krishnan) and Arputham (Mysskin), Vaembu (Samantha) and Mugil (Fahadh Faasil), and another one involving four boys. The best part about the writing is that these plotlines don’t merge at one point.

One sub-plot becomes an influencing factor in another, but after that, they part ways. The way the events unfold is interesting and makes the movie more engrossing. The trademark qualities NalanKumarasamy and Mysskin’s writing is seen at a lot of places. A lot of humourous portions belong to Nalan’s ‘crazy’ world. Who else can write a scene where a man dies while having sex? On the other hand, towards the end, there a sequence involving Mysskin, set in a subway, with green lighting.

What more do we need to figure out that this has been written by Mysskin himself?
PS Vinod and Nirav Shah’s visuals have an ever-lasting effect on us. The wise usage of ffame- within-frame shots through doors, windows, and alleys creates a sense of being trapped, and this has been used for all major characters. The wise usage of vintage tracks of Ilayaraja falls on point.

Yuvan Shankar Raja makes sure we feel the heat and soul of the scenes through his brilliant background scores and apt silences. The walls on all the houses and a police station, “the make-shift flower pot on one of the apartments, the borders of sarees, the costumes of the characters, are all blue in colour. While this is supposed to create a stable feel, the characters are all unstable. This irony has been effectively used to elevate our cinematic experience. Vaembu and Mugil’s story become melodramatic after a point of time.

And the biggest issue with the film is that they have the maximum screentime. Even the way their conflict gets resolved looks implausible. But, the way the terrific FahadhFaasil and Samantha act, these issues are covered up. Shilpa’s characterization brings out the best in Vijay Sethupathi, but not Vijay Sethupathi. Apart from the main leads, BhagavathiPerumal and Master Aswanth, have done their job well and scored in their plot points. On the flipside, the second half could have been a bit more crisp, due to the three hours runtime.

2. Give the review of a book that has interested you a lot.
’ Review of the most interesting book I read The noodle Maker by Ma Jian The pace of change in China over the last fifteen years has been extraordinarily fast; the pace at which its literature reaches us in translation shamefully slow. Chinese dissident writer Ma Jian is already known in the English-speaking world for his award-winning travel memoir of rural China in the 1980s, Red Dust. Since the Chinese takeover of Hong Kong in 1997, he has been living with his partner and translator in London.

The Noodle Maker, the first of Jian’s novels to appear in English, is set soon after the events of Tiananmen Square in 1989, already ancient history to today’s young entrepreneurs, artists, and university students. Reading The Noodle Maker now has some of the blurred effects of a time-lapsed photograph- -it is a hard-hitting satire of a cultural moment that has already come and gone. Only a reviewer intimate with today’s China could judge to what extent its critique is still sharp. Perhaps this question of timeliness should be irrelevant.

The Noodle Maker is fiction, after all, constructed with a good deal of artfulness on the frame of a drunken evening shared between a professional writer and his best friend, a professional blood donor. The professional blood donor considers himself a practical man; he boasts of the excellent pay and perks he receives as rewards for being bled for the benefit of the nation.

Each Sunday he brings good food and drinks to the writer, who is, of course, a poverty-stricken idealist. Their discussion is interwoven with the stories the professional writer is crafting based on people he has known: an actress who stages her own suicide; her boyfriend, a painter with a talking three-legged dog

(the novel’s most reliable narrator); a literary editor humiliated by the success of his wife, an acclaimed novelist; a father trying to abandon his retarded daughter; an entrepreneur whose success with a musically-enhanced crematorium gives him the confidence to bum his own mother alive. Each of these characters is manipulated not only by the noodle-making hands of the professional writer, but by a ruthless society, which with its new “Open Door Policy” has imported some superficial commercial elements of Westemness, yet still maintains a stranglehold on personal freedom.

(“Imported” products as symbols of moral weakness, hypocrisy, and corruption are a satiric mantra throughout the book.) Fans of the absurdity and dark humour of Milan Kundera’s portraits of life behind the Iron Curtain will appreciate these same elements in Ma Jian’s work-though Kundera is a good deal lighter on his feet, and the clever and humorous aspects of The Noodle Makerstruck this reviewer as heavy-handed.

As fiction that comments on social and political reality, The Noodle Maker is far less emotionally engaging than Yu Hua’s Chronicle of a Blood Merchant, which tells the life of another professional blood donor, and is a character-driven social realist novel in the old nineteenth-century Dickensian mode, though written in a crisp contemporary style.

It tells us about China, but something convincing about people, too. For all its postmodern strands, the heart of The Noodle Maker (like all satire?) is in a kind of journalism, so that ultimately its success depends on whether or not it still tells a timely truth.

3. Review an event which your school has hosted recently.
A school is a place where we get to know about different activities for the first time. Participating in these activities is always memorable and exciting. My favourite school event is “Mental Maths Competition”. This event is held once a year. One student is selected from each section of a class. Then they are teamed up with other students to form three teams.

This competition is basically to enhance mental skills. Students have to answer these questions in a time span of seconds. Questions are not repeated at all and students have to be very quick in understanding the questions, in calculations and then answering it. Last year I was also selected as one of the finalists. Our team A and team C reached the final rounds. The winning round lasted for thirty questions as both teams were not ready to give up. In the end, team C couldn’t answer a question and we answered it to win the event.

We were highly appreciated and were given certificates and shields. Winning is always exciting and encouraging. I would always like to participate in this event again because this event helps me in enhancing my mental skills and to speed up my mental calculations.

Reading:

Read the story carefully and answer the questions asked below

A Mystery Case:
For a man of ease, John Mathew kept an arduous schedule. On Wednesdays, for example, he was awakened at 9.00 and served breakfast in bed by Emanuel, his chef. Next came a quick fitness session with Basky, his personal trainer. Then, at 10.30, John Mathew answered his mail, returned phone calls and rearranged his social calendar helped by Louise, his secretary.

At noon, John Mathew drove his Jaguar to the station and took a commuter train into Guindy for his weekly lunch with Lalli and Lolly, his two oldest and dearest friends. Then, on to a little shopping. The 4:05 nonstop would bring him back to Tambaram. As John Mathew drove up to the house at 5:00, Basky would have already set up the massage table and warmed the scented oils for a soothing herbal wrap. It was a gruelling life but John seemed to thrive on it. On this Wednesday, however, there was an unexpected change of plans.

Today John’s shopping errand involved taking his diamond bracelet into the jeweller’s for cleaning. He threw the expensive jewel into his purse and proceeded on to lunch. As John waved his friends good-bye and exited the restaurant, he sensed he was being followed. The feeling continued until he reached Tenth Avenue. Then, as he joined the throng of shoppers, John felt a hug. Within a split-second, a man riding pillion on a bike rode past him, grabbing his purse. He couldn’t guess who the culprit was?

G. Match the following.

1. A man of ease – Emanuel
2. John’s trainer – Lalli and Lolly
3. Mathew’s secretary – John Mathew
4. John’s chef – Louise
5. Mathews friends – Basky
Answer:

H. State whether the given statements are true or false. If false correct the statements.

Answer:
1. Mathew is a very busy man
[true]

2. He woke up very late in the morning
[True]

3. He always had lunch with his family
[False] He always had lunch with Lalli and Lolly, his two oldest and dearest friends.

4. He exercised with Louise every day.
[True]

5. He preferred handling mail by himself
[True]

Writing

Pamphlet

I. Create a pamphlet for the following:

1. Make a pamphlet on ‘Dengue Awareness’ (Focus on its causes, preventions, symptoms and precautions).

2. Make an attractive pamphlet for your school’s Fair organised for raising funds for (any) relief (Specify the date, time, types of stalls and the reasons for the fair).

3. Make a pamphlet on the latest gadgets (Mention the variety of models, uses, need and availability).

J. Write a letter of enquiry for the following

1. You’re a librarian in a newly established school. Write a letter to the book dealer inquiring about the list of newly arrived English children’s story books and various subject books relevant to 10 – 14 age groups.
From
S. Sangeetha
Librarian
ABC School
XXXX
23.04.2019

To
Sales Manager
Higginbothams Books dealers
Mount Road
Chennai 2
Sir,
Sub: Enquiry about children’s story book-Reg.
I would like to know about the new arrivals in English children’s story books and subject books appropriate to the children in the age group of 10-14. Kindly send the list/catalogue with price and the details of discount offered to schools.
Thank you
Yours sincerely
S. Sangeetha
Sales Manager
Higginbothams Books dealers
Mount Road
Chennai 2

2. Venkat hails from a remote village of Kancheepuram District, Tamil Nadu who aspires to become an IAS officer. Currently, he is in class X. He notices an advertisement on free classes for the IAS aspirants by a trust in a newspaper. He writes a letter to the coordinator of the trust inquiring for further details.
From
R Venkat
14, Velakkadi Koil St
Kancheepuram 2
venkat2002@gmail.com
13.08.2018

To
The Liasion Officer
Manitha Neyam Trust
CITNagar
Chennai 17
Sir,
Sub: Enquiry about IAS orientation programme – Reg.
I saw your advertisement in The Hindu Tamil newspaper dated 12th August, about a free seminar, in Pallavaram Govt. Hr. Sec. School.
I am doing my Std. X, I cherish the dream of becoming an IAS officer. I heard the entry is free for graduates. Will you please allow me also to attend the seminar? I wish to listen to achievers and subject experts. Kindly communicate your consent through my email venkat2002@gmail. com.
Thank you
Yours sincerely
P. Venkat

To
The Liasion Officer
Manitha Neyam Trust
CIT Nagar
Chennai 17

3. Write a letter to the head of the BSNL office enquiring regarding the internet broadband scheme launched recently.
From
K.Joseph
18, Akilan St
Kalpakkam
jose2000@gmail. com
20.03.2019

To
Manager
BSNL Office
head Office
Chengalpattu
Kancheepuram 10
Sir,
Sub: Enquiry about internet broadband scheme launched recently – Reg.
I heard that you have recently launched an attractive scheme for students to promote use of high speed Broadband connectivity. I would like to know the details of cost involved, bandwidth, usage limit (i.e.) GB per day, details about speed, type of modem and warranty details. As a representative of my school, I would like to share this with my school also for the upcoming ICT lab in the school. Kindly mention the scheme for Institute and individuals separately.
Thank you
Yours sincerely
K. Joseph

To
Manager
BSNL Office
Head Office
Chengalpattu
Kancheepuram 10

Grammar

A. Transform the following sentences as instructed.

1. On seeing the teacher, the children stood up. (into Complex)
As soon as the children saw the teacher, they stood up.

2. At the age of six, Varsha started learning music, (into Complex)
When Varsha was six, she started learning music.

3. As Vanin is a voracious reader, he buys a lot of books, (into Simple)
Being a voracious reader, Varun buys a lot of books.

4. Walk carefully lest you will fall down, (into Complex)
If you don’t walk carefully, you will fall down.

5. Besides being a dancer, she is a singer, (into Compound)
She is not only a dancer but also a singer.

6. He is sick but he attends the rehearsal, (into Simple)
In spite of being sick, he attends the rehearsal.

7. If Meena reads more, she will become proficient in the language, (into Compound) Meena should read more or she will not become proficient in English.

8. He confessed that he was guilty, (into Simple)
He confessed his guilt.

9. The boy could not attend the special classes due to his mother’s illness, (into Compound)
The boy’s mother was ill and so he did not attend the special classes.

10. He followed my suggestion, (into Complex)
He followed what I suggested.

B. Combine the pairs of sentences below into simple, complex and compound

1. Radha was ill. She was not hospitalised
In spite of being ill, Radha was not hospitalised, (simple)
Radha was ill but she was not hospitalised, (compound)
Though Radha was ill, she was not hospitalised, (complex)

2. The students were intelligent. They could answer the questions correctly
Being intelligent, the students were able to answer the questions correctly, (simple)
The students were intelligent and so they were able to answer the questions correctly, (compound)
As the students were intelligent, they were able to answer the questions correctly, (complex)

3. I must get a visa. I can travel abroad
I must get a visa to travel abroad, (simple) .
I must get a visa or else I can’t travel abroad, (compound)
If I don’t get a visa, I can’t travel abroad, (complex)

4. I saw a tiger it was wounded
I saw a wounded tiger, (simple)
I saw a tiger and it was wounded, (compound)
I saw a tiger which was wounded, (complex)

5. There was a bandh. The shops remained closed
The shops were closed due to Bandh. (simple)
There was a bandh and so the shops were closed, (compound)
As there was a bandh, the shops were closed, (complex)

The Dying Detective by About the Author:

Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle (1859-1930) was a British writer popularly known world over for his detective stories involving Sherlock Holmes stories, which are generally considered milestones in the field of fiction. Doyle wrote forty-six short stories featuring the famous detective. His notable works included “Stories of Sherlock Holmes and the Lost World”.

The Dying Detective summary:

Introduction:
The author has given an interesting accord of how the detective outsmarted the culprit to zero in on him.

Home’s incurable disease Dr. Watson was informed by Mrs. Hudson, the landlady of Sherlock Holmes that Mr. Holmes was dying. He was bedridden for three days. He had neither taken food nor drinks. He was sinking. The landlady was permitted to inform only Dr. Watson about his ill health. She could not call for a doctor because Sherlock Holmes had prevented her from doing so. When Dr. Watson reached Holmes, he cautioned him to stay away from him as he was suffering from some contagious disease that he had picked up from Rotherhithe. The disease from Sumatra was deadly and could spread even with a touch.

Home’s peculiar behaviour
Watson advanced to examine symptoms but was stopped midway by the stem warning from Holmes. Sherlock Holmes declared that he wanted a doctor in whom he would have confidence. This really upset Dr. Watson. He offered to bring the best doctors of London viz. Sir Jasper Meek or Penrose Fisher.

Holmes reprimanded Dr. Watson’s ignorance and asked him what he knew about Tarpaunli fever or black Formosa plague. When Dr. Watson offered to bring Dr. Ainstree, Holmes bolted the door and ordered him not to move till six in the evening. Dr. Watson did not know what to do for two hours. He just walked around the room slowly. He came across a small black and white ivory box with a sliding lid.

When he was about to examine its contents, he heard a dreadful cry from Holmes. He forbade him from touching his things. In a kind of delirium, Holmes ordered to take out his coins and keep all the half-crowns in his watch pocket. He was instructed to light the gas lamp and keep it half on. He requested him to place some letters on the table within his reach.

He instructed him to slide the lid of the ivory box with Tongs and put the Tongs and the ivory box on the table. He instructed Dr. Watson to bring Mr. Culverton Smith from 13, Lower Burke Street, as Holmes was serious. Dr. Watson was hesitant to go.

Holmes clarified that he was not a doctor but a plantation man with a deep knowledge of the disease. Holmes asked Watson to plead with him to come and save Holmes who was seriously ill. Dr. Watson offered to bring him in a cab. However, Holmes instructed that he should plead with him and reach Holmes before him.

Holmes’ plan
While waiting for the cab, Mr. Morton, in civil dress asked after Holmes. Dr. Watson entered Mr. Culverton Smith’s room by force. On hearing Mr. Holmes’s name, he enquired how Holmes was doing. When he learnt that he was very ill and believed that only he could save his life, he enquired how Holmes got the eastern disease. Dr. Watson told him all he knew. Dr. Watson, on the pretext of an appointment, returned to Holmes earlier and stayed in a room there as per Holmes’s order.

Smith’s careless attitude
Smith arrived and called out for Holmes. Holmes responded to his questions in a feeble voice. He asked Holmes to describe the symptoms. When Holmes completed describing the symptoms Smith was strangely happy. He blurted out, “Poor victor Savage was a dead man on the fourth day. A strong and healthy young man. What a coincidence indeed!” Holmes said, “I know that you did it”. Holmes groaned and asked for water. Smith gladly gave him water. He requested Smith to cure him and offered to forget his hand in the murder of Victor.

Smith said that Watson shared the information that Holmes got the fever from Chinese sailors. He wanted to know seriously if there could be any other reason.

Holmes outsmarts Smith
Holmes said, ‘successful acting’. Just then Inspector Morton said to Smith that he was arrested on a charge of murder. There was a scuffle. Inspector Morton overpowered Smith and handcuffed him. Holmes apologized to Dr. Watson for being rude to him and undermining his capability as a doctor. All the acting was done just to bring Smith there. Even the coin trick was to make Watson believe that Holmes was really delirious. Holmes asked Dr.Watson to take him for eating something nutritious at Simpsons.

Conclusion
The author has made us understand a criminal cannot get away for long. Criminal may also be caught by his own words.

The Dying Detective Glossary:

Textual:

Additional:

Synonyms

Choose the most appropriate synonym of the underlined word.

1. He has been sinking.
(a) rising
(b) deteriorating
(c) improving
(d) dreaming
Answer:
(b) deteriorating

2. The sick room was a gloomy spot.
(a) spotless
(b) illuminated
(c) dim
(d) bright
Answer:
(c) dim

3. The gaunt face was staring at the ceiling
(a) stout
(b) strong
(c) thick
(d) lean
Answer:
(d) lean

4. The dying man bolted the door.
(a) closed
(b) opened
(c) broke
(d) slithered
Answer:
(a) closed

5. It was a contagious disease.
(a) impregnable
(b) crisp
(c) cussed
(d) infectious
Answer:
(d) infectious

6 His hand twitched.
(a) trembled
(b) got crushed
(c) shivered
(d) jerked
Answer:
(d) jerked

7. How ignorant you are!
(a) knowledgeable
(b) uninformed
(c) well informed
(d) wise
Answer:
(b) uninformed

8. I heard a dreadful cry.
(a) loud
(b) mild
(c) frightening
(d) sweet
Answer:
(c) frightening

9. I sat in silent dejection.
(a) optimism
(b) depression
(c) hope
(d) delight
Answer:
(b) depression

10. You will persuade him to come.
(a) deny
(b) urge
(c) order
(d) request
Answer:
(b) urge

11. He was delirious.
(a) relaxed
(b) calm
(c) composed
(d) incoherent
Answer:
(d) incoherent

12. He was frail.
(a) plump
(b) weak
(c) strong and tall
(d) well-built
Answer:
(b) weak

13. The little man was startled.
(a) reassured
(b) alarmed
(c) annoyed
(d) agreed
Answer:
(b) alarmed

14. I left him pretending that I had an appointment.
(a) feigning
(b) imagining
(c) lending
(d) receiving
Answer:
(a) feigning

15. Go and fetch Smith.
(a) see off
(b) summon
(C) bring
(d) send
Answer:
(C) bring

16. “My mind is gone. help me”, pleaded Holmes.
(a) ordered
(b) begged
(c) urged
(d) commanded
Answer:
(b) begged

17. “I arrest you on charge of murder’ he said.
(a) fees
(b) rate
(c) indictment
(d) appreciation
Answer:
(c) indictment

18. What a coincidence indeed.
(a) actually
(b) in pursuit
(c) in charge
(d) in spate
Answer:
(a) actually

19. You can only cure me.
(a) inflict pain
(b) alleviate pain
(c) heal
(d) curse
Answer:
(c) heal

20. Holmes groaned.
(a) whispered
(b) whined
(c) sang in joy
(d) grounded
Answer:
(b) whined

Antonyms

Choose the most appropriate antonym of the underlined word.

1. He has been sinking.
(a) drowning
(b) floating
(c) running
(d) sleeping
Answer:
(b) floating

2. I don’t dare disobey him.
(a) rebel
(b) defy
(c) challenge
(d) obey
Answer:
(d) obey

3. He brought this illness back with him.
(a) sickness
(b) ailment
(c) disease
(d) health
Answer:
(d) health

4. It is deadly and contagious.
(a) safe
(b) unsafe
(c) dangerous
(d) lethal
Answer:
(a) safe

5. I said advancing towards him.
(a) going forward
(b) retreating
(c) regurgitating
(d) belching
Answer:
(b) retreating

6. How ignorant you are!
(a) tacking in know ledge
(b) well- informed
(c) uninformed
(d) unaware
Answer:
(b) well- informed

7. You will persuade him to come.
(a) dissuade
(b) urge
(c) distract
(d) disembark
Answer:
(a) dissuade

8. He was a frail man.
(a) weak
(b) feeble
(c) strong
(d) thin
Answer:
(c) strong

9. The man was startled.
(a) reassured
(b) amused
(c) alarmed
(d) annoyed
Answer:
(a) reassured

10. You will tell him exactly how you have left one.
(a) accurately
(b) carefully
(c) adequately
(d) superficially
Answer:
(d) superficially

11. You disappear to the next room.
(a) vanish
(b) distress
(c) distinct
(d) appear
Answer:
(d) appear

12. He pleaded to cure him.
(a) requested
(b) beseeched
(c) ordered
(d) begged
Answer:
(c) ordered

13. It was successful acting.
(a) victorious
(b) unsuccessful
(c) joyful
(d) triumphant
Answer:
(b) unsuccessful

14. James at last talked in his natural voice.
(a) innate
(b) native
(c) nature
(d) unnatural
Answer:
(d) unnatural

15. There was silence.
(a) solemnity
(b) noise
(c) contempt
(d) concept
Answer:
(b) noise

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1.	AAA	Amateur Athletic Association
2.	AAFI	Amateur Athletic Federation of India
3.	ACR	Annual Confidential Report
4.	ADC	Aide-de-camp (Assistant)
5.	AFI	Athletics Federation of India
6.	AFMC	Armed Forces Medical College
7.	AICTE	All India Council for Technical Education
8.	AIFF	All India Football Federation
9.	AITUC	All India Trade Union Congress
10.	ANC	African National Congress
11.	AOC	Air Officer Commanding
12.	ASAP	As Soon As Possible
13.	ASEAN	Association of South East Asian Nations
14.	ASLV	Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle
15	ASSOCHAM	Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India
16.	ATC	Air Traffic Control
17.	ATM	Automated Teller Machine
18.	ATR	Action Taken Report
19.	ATS	Anti Tetanus Serum
20.	AWACS	Airborne Warning and Control Systems
21.	AMIE	Associate Member of the Institute of Engineers
22.	AIR	All India Radio
23.	AIDS	Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome
24.	AIIMS	All India Institute of Medical Sciences
25.	BA	Bachelor of Arts
26.	BARC	Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
27.	BBC	British Broadcasting Corporation
28.	BCCI	Board of Cricket Control in India
29.	B.Ed.	Bachelor of Education
30.	BHEL	Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited
31.	BIOS	Basic Input Output System
32.	BMA	British Medical Association
33.	BPCL	Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited
34.	BS	Bachelor of Science
35.	BS	British Standard
36.	BSNL	Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited
37.	CAD	Computer-Aided Design
38.	CAG	Comptroller and Auditor General of India
39.	CAT	Common Aptitude Test
40.	CBI	Central Bureau of Investigation
41.	CDAC	Centre for the Development of Advanced Computing
42.	CEO	(a)Chief Educational Officer (b)Chief Executive Officer
43.	CFC	Chlorofluorocarbon
44.	CFL	Compact Fluorescent Lamps
45.	CFO	Chief Financial Officer
46.	CGST	Central Goods and Services Tax
47.	CIA	Central Intelligence Agency
48.	CID	Criminal Investigation Department
49.	CIS	Commonwealth of Independent States
50.	CISF	Central Industrial Security Force
51.	CLRI	Central Leather Research Institute
52.	CNN	Cable News Network
53.	COD	Cash On Delivery
54.	COPRA	Consumer Protection Act
55	CPI	Communist Party of India
56.	CPU	Central Processing Unit
57.	CPWD	Central Public Works Department
58.	CRPF	Central Reserve Police Force
59.	CRY	Child Relief and You
60.	CSIR	Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
61.	CSO	Central Statistical Organisation
62.	CTBT	Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty
63.	CVC	Central Vigilance Commission
64.	DA	Dearness Allowance
65.	DARE	Documentation Automatic Retrieval Equipment
66.	DC	Deputy Commissioner
67.	DIG	Deputy Inspector General
68.	DNA	Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid
69.	DoT	Department of Telecommunications
70.	DPEP	District Primary Education Programme
71.	DRDO	Defence Research and Development Organisation
72.	DSLR	Digital Single Lens Reflex
73.	DTH	Direct-to-Home
74.	DTP	Desk Top Publishing
75.	DVD	Digital Video Disc
76.	ELISA	Enzyme-Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay
77.	EMI	Equated Monthly Installment
78.	EPABX	Electronic Private Automatic Branch Exchange
79.	ESA	European Space Agency
80.	ESMA	Essential Services Maintenance Act
81.	EWS	Economically Weaker Section
82.	FAO	Food and Agricultural Organisation
83.	FBI	Federal Bureau of Investigation
84.	FDI	Foreign Direct Investment
85.	FERA	Foreign Exchange Regulation Act
86.	FIFA	Federation International de Football Association
87.	FIR	First Information Report
88.	FRCS	Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons
89.	FRS	Fellow of the Royal Society
.90.	FTCL	Fellowship Trinity College of London
91.	GAME	Global Energy Water Cycle Asian Monsoon Experiment
92.	GATE	Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering
93.	GATT	General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
94.	GMT	Greenwich Mean Time
95.	GPO	General Post Office
96.	GPS	Global Positioning System
97.	GRE	Graduate Record Examination
98.	GSI	Geological Survey of India
99.	GSLV	Geo-Synchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle
100.	GST	Goods and Services Tax
101.	HIV	Human Immunodeficiency Virus
102.	HRD	Human Resource Development
103.	HTML	Hyper Text Mark-up Language
104.	HTTP	Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
105.	IAAI	International Airport Authority of India
106.	IAEA	International Atomic Energy Agency
107.	IAS	Indian Administrative Service
108.	ICAR	Indian Council for Agricultural Research
109.	ICBM	Inter Continental Ballistic Missile
110.	ICMR	Indian Council of Medical Research
111.	ICS	Indian Civil Service
112.	ICSE	Indian Certificate of Secondary Education
113.	ICT	Information and Communication Technology
114.	IDBI	Industrial Development Bank of India
115.	IELTS	International English Language Testing System
116.	IFS	Indian Forest Service
117.	IFSC	Indian Financial System Code
118.	IIM	Indian Institute of Management
119.	IIT	Indian Institute of Technology
120.	IMD	India Meteorological Department
121.	IMF	International Monetary Fund
122.	INA	Indian National Army
123.	INSAT	Indian National Satellite
124.	IPKF	Indian Peace Keeping Force
125.	IPL	Indian Premier League
126.	IPS	Indian Police Service
127.	IREP	The Integrated Rural Energy Programme
128.	IRS	Indian Revenue Service/ Indian Remote Sensing Satellite
129.	ISP	Internet Service Provider
130.	ISRO	Indian Space Research Organisation
131.	1ST	Indian Standard Time
132.	IVP	Intravenous Push
133.	JD	Juris Doctor
134.	JRF	Junior Research Fellowship
135.	KVIC	Khadi and Village Industries Commission
136.	LBW	Leg Before Wicket
137.	LCM	Lowest Common Multiple
138.	LoC	Line of Control
139.	LPG	Liquefied Petroleum Gas
140.	LTCL	Licentiateship Trinity College of London
141.	MA	Master of Arts
142.	MCA	Master of Computer Applications
143.	MD	Managing Director
144.	M.Ed	Master of Education
145.	MLA	Member of the Legislative Assembly
146.	MLC	Member of the Legislative Council
147.	MLF	Multi-Lateral Funding
148.	M.Phil.	Master of Philosophy
149.	MRTS	Mass Rapid Transit System
150.	MS	Master of Surgery
151.	MTC	Metro Transport Corporation
152.	NASA	National Aeronautics and Space Administration
153.	NATo	North Atlantic Treaty Organization
154.	NBT	National Book Trust
155.	NCERT	National Council of Educational Research and Training
156.	NCO	Non-Commissioned Officer
157.	NCTE	National Council for Teacher Education
158.	NDDB	National Dairy Development Board
159.	NEET	National Eligibility-cum-Entrance Test
160.	NGO	Non-Governmental Organisation
161.	NIC	National Informatics Centre
162.	NIFT	National Institute of Fashion Technology
163.	NLC	Neyveli Lignite Corporation
164.	NOC	No Objection Certificate
165.	NPCIL	Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited
166.	NPT	Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
167.	NSC	National Savings Certificate
168.	NSE	National Stock Exchange
169.	NTA	National Testing Agency
170.	NTPC	National Thermal Power Corporation
171.	NTSE	National Talent Search Examination
172.	ODI	One Day International / Open Datalink Interface
173.	ODS	Ozone Deleting Substances
174.	OIGS	On India Government Service
175.	ONGC	Oil and Natural Gas Corporation
176.	OPAC	Online Public Access Catalogue
177.	OPEC	Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries
178.	PA	Personal Assistant
179.	PAC	Public Accounts Committee
180.	PAN	Permanent Account Number
181.	PDA	Personal Digital Assistant
182.	PERT	Project Evaluation and Review Technique
183.	PETA	People for Ethical Treatment of Animals
184.	PIL	Public Interest Litigation
185.	PIN	Postal Index Number
186.	POTA	Prevention of Terrorism Act
187.	POW	Prisoner of War
188.	PRO	Public Relations Officer
189.	PSLV	Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle
190.	PSU	Public Sector Units
191.	PTA	Parents Teachers Association
192.	PTI	Press Trust of India
193.	PTO	Please Turn Over
194.	PWD	Public Works Department
195.	RAC	Reservation Against Cancellation
196.	RAM	Random Access Memory
197.	RAW	Research and Analysis Wing
198.	RLWL	Remote Location Wait List
199.	RTE	Right To Education
200.	RTI	Right To Information
201.	RTO	Regional Transport Officer
202.	SAARC	South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
203.	SAIL	Steel Authority of India Limited
204.	SAM	Surface to Air Missile
205.	SARS	Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
206.	SASE	Self Addressed Stamped Envelope
207.	SBI	State Bank of India
208.	SEZ	Special Economic Zone
209.	SGST	State Goods and Services Tax
210.	SIM	Subscriber Identity Module
211.	SMS	Short Message Service
212.	‘SPCA	Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
213.	SSC	Staff Selection Commission
214.	START	Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty
215.	SWOT	Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threat
216.	TADA	Terrorist and Disruptive Activities
217.	TAPS	Tarapur Atomic Power Station
218.	TELCO	Tata Engineering and Locomotive Company
219.	TESMA	Tamilnadu Essential Services Maintenance Act
220.	TISCO	Tata Iron and Steel Company
221.	TLC	Total Literacy Campaign
222	TNEB	Tamil Nadu Electricity Board
223	TNPSC	Tamil Nadu Public Service Commission
224.	TOEFL	Test of English as a Foreign Language
225.	TPS	Thermal Power Station
226.	TQM	Total Quality Management
227.	TT(E)I	Traveling Ticket Examiner/ Inspector
228.	TTTI	Technical Teachers Training Institute
229.	UDC	Upper Division Clerk
230.	UFO	Unidentified Flying Objects
231.	UGC	University Grants Commission (India)
232.	ULFA	United Liberation Front of Asom/Assam
233.	UNICEF	United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund
234.	UNO	United Nations Organisation
235.	UPSC	Union Public Service Commission
236.	uv	Ultra Violet
237.	VAO	Village Administrative Officer
238.	VAT	Value Added Tax
239.	VHF	Very High Frequency
240.	VHS	Video Home System / Voluntary Health Services
241.	VIP	Very Important Person
242.	VPP	Value Payable Post
243.	VSNL	Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited
244.	WHO	World Health Organisation
245.	Wi-Fi	Wireless Fidelity
246.	WTO	World Trade Organisation
247.	WWW	World Wide Web
248.	YMCA	Young Men’s Christian Association
249.	YWCA	Young Women’s Christian Association
250.	ZIP	Zone Improvement Plan

Contractions

“Am/Are”		“Here is/has”	Here’s	Who would/had	Who’d
I am	I’m	One is/has	One’s	That would/had	That’d
You are	You’re	“Will (Or Shall)”		“Us”
We are	We’re	I will	I’ll	Let us	Let’s
They are	They’re	You will	You’ll	“Not”
Who are	Who’re	She will	She’ll	Cannot	Can’t
“Have”		He will	He’ll	Do not	Don’t
I have	I’ve	It will	It’ll	Is not	Isn’t
You have	You’ve	We will	We’ll	Will not	Won’t
We have	We’ve	They will	They’ll	Should not	Shouldn’t
They have	They’ve	That will	That’ll	Could not	Couldn’t
Could have	Could’ve	There will	There’ll	Would not	Wouldn’t
Would have	Would’ve	This will	This’ll	Are not	Aren’t
Should have	Should’ve	What will	What’ll	Does not	Doesn’t
Might have	Might’ve	Who will	Who’ll	Was not	Wasn’t
Who have	Who’ve	“Would, Had”		Were not	Weren’t
There have	There’ve	I would/had – I’d		Has not	Hasn’t
“Is, Has”		You would/had	You’d	Have not	Haven’t
He is/has	He’s	He would/had	He’d	Had not	Hadn’t
She is/has	She’s	She would/had	She’d	Must not	Mustn’t
It is/has	It’s	We would/had	We’d	Did not	Didn’t
What is/has	What’s	They would/had	They’d	Might not	Mightn’t
That is/Has	That’s	It would/had	It’d	Need not	Needn’t
Who is/has	Who’s	There would/had	There’d
There is/has	There’s	What would/had	What’d

We hope the data given here will benefit you to the fullest extent at the time of preparation. For better understanding of English subject this Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Answers for Class 10th English Vocabulary Abbreviations and Acronyms PDF is the best resource. Download & ace up your preparation. Keep in touch with us and get the latest information on Tamilnadu State board Textbook Answers PDF.

Looking to improve English skills and gain more subject knowledge then the best resources that you can use here is Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Solutions for Vocabulary Idioms Questions and Answers.

In the Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Guide for textbook solutions, subject experts covered all types of questions and answers related to the topics, quick notes, summary, solved & unsolved exercises, etc. If you are planning to prepare Chapter via textbook, then you’re suggested to go with this Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Book Solutions Questions and Answers PDF for better understanding and preparation.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Vocabulary Idioms

English Subject experts who are having max years of experience prepared this Tamilnadu State Board Solutions for 10th English Vocabulary Idioms Questions and Answers. They have explained all the topics covered in the board prescribed latest syllabus in a simple way to understand easily. So, students can prepare English from this Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Book Questions and Answers PDF. Download the Tamilnadu State Board 10th English Workbook Answers PDF by accessing the below links and learn properly for the final exams to score well.

Match the following idioms with suitable meanings:
1.

(i)	Add fuel to fire	(a)	A secret advantage
(ii)	Ace up one’s sleeve	(b)	Create confusion
(iii)	Stir up a hornet’s nest	(c)	Caught between two great dangers
(iv)	Pour oil on troubled waters	(d)	Calm down a difficult situation
(v)	Between the devil and the deep blue sea	(e)	Make a bad situation worse.

Answer:
(i) – (c),
(ii) – (a),
(iii) – (d),
(iv) – (b),
(v) – (c)

2.

(i)	A bleeding heart	(a)	To praise oneself
(ii)	To blow one’s own horn	(b)	Return to the beginning because of failure
(iii)	To beat around the bush	(c)	Either partner in marriage
(iv)	Back to square one	(d)	A soft-hearted person
(v)	Better half	(e)	To talk about things in a round about way

Answer:
(i) – (d),
(ii) – (a),
(iii) – (c),
(iv) – (b),
(v) – (c)

3.

(i)	Birds of the same feather flock together	(a)	It proved to be the only but a dangerous weakness
(ii)	Don’t beat around the bush	(b)	Start. I’m listening
(iii)	Go ahead!  I’m all ears	(c)	Come to the point. Be precise
(iv)	The king’s blind love for his wife	(d)	Come totally unexpected. It caught us unaware
(v)	The announcement of the special test came as a bolt from the blue	(d)	People with a common interest join together

Answer:
(i) – (c),
(ii) – (c),
(iii) – (b),
(iv) – (a),
(v) – (d)

Choose the correct meaning for the following idioms:

Question 1.
Atthedropofahat
(a) To hear rumors about someone
(b) Do or say something exactly right
(c) To go to bed
(d) Without any hesitation; instantly
Answer:
(d) Without any hesitation; instantly

Question 2.
Barking at the wrong tree
(a) To hear rumors about someone
(b) Accusing the wrong person
(c) To go to bed
(d) A rare happening
Answer:
(b) Accusing the wrong person

Question 3.
Best of both worlds
(a) All the advantages
(b) Dislike to choose or make a decision
(c) Accusing the wrong person
(d) To take on a task that is way too big
Answer:
(a) All the advantages

Question 4.
Bite more than you can chew
(a) Do not put all the resources in one.
(b) To take on a task that is way too big
(c) Some good that isn’t recognized at first
(d) Accomplish two things at the same time
Answer:
(b) To take on a task that is way too big

Question 5.
Burn the midnight oil
(a) Dislike to choose or make a decision
(b) All the advantages
(c) To take on a task that is way too big
(d) To work late into the night
Answer:
(d) To work late into the night

Question 6.
Wouldn’t be caught dead
(a) Dislike to choose or make a decision
(b) All the advantages
(c) To deceive someone into thinking well of them
(d) Would never like to do something
Answer:
(d) Would never like to do something

Question 7.
Costs an arm and a leg
(a) Come to the point – leave out details
(b) Something is very expensive
(c) Be optimistic, even difficult times will lead to better days
(d) Asking what someone is thinking
Answer:
(b) Something is very expensive

Question 8.
Cry over spilt milk.
(a) Complaining a loss from the past
(b) Cannot judge based on appearance
(c) Believe someone’s statement, without proof
(d) An activity that is easy or simple
Answer:
(a) Complaining a loss from the past

Question 9.
Curiosity killed the cat
(a) Inquisitiveness leads to unpleasantness
(b) The final problem in a series of problems
(c) Failure leads to a time to start all over
(d) Everything about the case
Answer:
(a) Inquisitiveness leads to unpleasantness

Question 10.
Cut corners
(a) Hear from the authoritative source
(b) Do something to save money
(c) Feeling slightly ill
(d) Everything about the case
Answer:
(b) Do something to save money

Question 11.
Devil’s Advocate
(a) Some good that isn’t recognized at first
(b) Indirectly talking about an issue
(c) To present a counter-argument
(d) Hear from the authoritative source
Answer:
(c) To present a counter-argument

Question 12.
Elvis has left the building
(a) Would never like to do something
(b) To work late into the night
(c) The show has ended. It’s all over
(d) Not to be serious about others talk
Answer:
(c) The show has ended. It’s all over

Question 13.
Straight from the horse’s mouth
(a) Overwhelmed by the happening
(b) Hear from the authoritative source
(c) Take the credit for something you don’t deserve
(d) Someone who lacks intelligence
Answer:
(b) Hear from the authoritative source

Question 14.
Far cry from
(a) Very different from
(b) Take the credit for something you don’t deserve
(c) Something is very expensive
(d) Not to be serious about others talk
Answer:
(a) Very different from

Question 15.
Feel a bit under the weather
(a) Feeling slightly ill
(b) Would never like to do something
(c) To deceive someone into thinking well of them
(d) The show has ended. It’s all over
Answer:
(a) Feeling slightly ill
Use Of Some Common Idioms

1.	A hot potato	Current issues spoke by many people
2.	A penny for your thoughts	Asking what someone is thinking
3.	At the drop of a hat	Without any hesitation; instantly
4.	Back to the drawing board	Failure leads to a time to start all over
5.	Ball is in your court	Up to you to make the decision
6.	Barking up the wrong tree	Accusing the wrong person
7.	Beat around the bush	Indirectly talking about an issue
8.	Best of both worlds	All the advantages
9.	Bite more than you can chew	To take on a task that is way too big
10.	Blessing in disguise	Some good that isn’t recognized at first
11.	Bum the midnight oil	To work late into the night
12.	Wouldn’t be caught dead	.dislike something very much
13.	Caught between two stools	Difficulty in choosing
14.	Costs an arm and a leg	Something very expensive
15.	Cry over spilt milk	Complaining a loss from the past
16.	Curiosity killed the cat	Inquisitiveness leads to unpleasantness
17.	Cut comers	Do something to save money
18.	Devil’s Advocate	To present a counter argument
19.	Don’t put all eggs in one basket	Do not put all resources in one
20.	Whole nine yards	Everything about the case
21.	Elvis has left the building	The show has ended. It’s all over
22.	Straight from the horse’s mouth	Hear from the authoritative source
23.	Far cry from	Very different from
24.	Feel a bit under the weather	Feeling slightly ill
25.	Take with a grain of salt	Not to be serious about others talk
26.	Hear it on the grapevine	To hear rumors about someone
27.	Hit the nail on the head	Do or say something exactly right
28.	Hit the sack sheets hay	To go to bed
29.	In the heat of the moment	Overwhelmed by the happening
30.	Jump on the bandwagon	Join a popular trend or activity
31.	Keep something at bay	Keep something away
32.	Kill two birds with one stone	Accomplish two things at the same time
33.	Last straw	The final problem in a series of problems
34.	Steal someone’s thunder	Take the credit for something you don’t deserve
35.	Let the cat out of the bag	Share information that was hidden
36.	Make a long story short	Come to the point – leave out details
37.	Miss the boat	To miss an opportunity
38.	Not a spark of decency	No manners
39.	Not playing with a lull deck	Someone who lacks intelligence
40.	On the ball	To understand the situation well
41.	Piece of cake	An activity that is easy or simple
42.	Put wool over other’s eyes	To deceive someone into thinking well of them
43.	Add insult to injury	To make a situation worse
44.	Sit on the fence	Dislike to choose or make a decision
45.	Speak of the devil	The person you are talking about arrives
46.	Back to the wall	Hard-pressed situation with no escape
47.	Don’t judge a book by its cover	Cannot judge based on appearance
48.	Give the benefit of the doubt	Believe someone’s statement, without proof
49.	Below the belt	Unfair or unsupporting behavior
50.	Have cold feet	Be afraid or frightened

We hope the data given here will benefit you to the fullest extent at the time of preparation. For better understanding of English subject this Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Answers for Class 10th English Vocabulary Idioms PDF is the best resource. Download & ace up your preparation. Keep in touch with us and get the latest information on Tamilnadu State board Textbook Answers PDF.

Looking to improve English skills and gain more subject knowledge then the best resources that you can use here is Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Solutions for Vocabulary Antonyms Questions and Answers.

In the Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Guide for textbook solutions, subject experts covered all types of questions and answers related to the topics, quick notes, summary, solved & unsolved exercises, etc. If you are planning to prepare Chapter via textbook, then you’re suggested to go with this Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Book Solutions Questions and Answers PDF for better understanding and preparation.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Vocabulary Antonyms

English Subject experts who are having max years of experience prepared this Tamilnadu State Board Solutions for 10th English Vocabulary Antonyms Questions and Answers. They have explained all the topics covered in the board prescribed latest syllabus in a simple way to understand easily. So, students can prepare English from this Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Book Questions and Answers PDF. Download the Tamilnadu State Board 10th English Workbook Answers PDF by accessing the below links and learn properly for the final exams to score well.

Choose the most appropriate antonym of the underlined word.
Question 1.
Technology impacts the environment, people and the society as a whole.
(a) partial (b) entire (c) unabridged (d) hollow
Answer:
(a) partial

Question 2.
They continue to grapple with the challenges of inclusion.
(a) seclusion (b) enclosure (c) addition (d) exclusion
Answer:
(d) exclusion

Question 3.
Your entire energy management can be taken care by automating.
(a) complete (b) perfect (c) partial (d) whole
Answer:
(c) partial

Question 4.
Well, anything which is a certain threshold, can be self-ordered.
(a) unsure (b) sure (c) convinced (d) ascertain
Answer:
(a) unsure

Question 5.
Your refrigerator can directly link to the e-commerce site.
(a) unswervingly (b) openly (c) indirectly (d) straightly
Answer:
(c) indirectly

Question 6.
India Meteorological Department collected data for monitoring marine pollution.
(a) distributed (b) cancelled (c) threshold (d) bridge
Answer:
(a) distributed

Question 7.
It is a great boost to women in the country.
(a) broaden (b) increase (c) knock (d) brew
Answer:
(c) knock

Question 8.
You don’t have to use any auxiliary means of repulsion.
(a) disgust (b) revolution (c) repercussions (d) attraction
Answer:
(d) attraction

Question 9.
It is about a hurricane force of wind on land.
(a) farce (b) vigour (c) weakness (d) potency
Answer:
(c) weakness

Question 10.
I wanted to make sure that I complete this journey with ultimate honesty.
(a) honourable (b) dishonesty (c) rectitude (d) scrupulousness
Answer:
(b) dishonesty

Question 11.
So my contention was to go by the rules of circumnavigation.
(a) disagreement (b) agreement (c) dispute (d) deputation
Answer:
(b) agreement

Question 12.
The ghost raised such a hullabaloo of misunderstandings.
(a) misinterpretation (b) calculations (c) silence (d) tumult
Answer:
(c) silence

Question 13.
They were the steps of a man walking rapidly.
(a) forcibly (b) speedily (c) hurriedly (d) leisurely
Answer:
(d) leisurely

Question 14.
The cops were reluctant to leave.
(a) indisposed (b) settle (c) keen (d) lazy
Answer:
(c) keen

Question 15.
The police were on hand in a commendably short time.
(a) laudably (b) outrageously (c) committedly (d) admirably
Answer:
(b) outrageously

Question 16.
He believed that General Meade’s men, were beginning to retreat.
(a) rejoice (b) advance (c) evacuation (d) withdrawal
Answer:
(b) advance

Question 17.
The steps had ceased.
(a) stopped (b) seized (c) begun (d) terminated
Answer:
(c) begun

Question 18.
Then, as I hurried by as fast as I could go.
(a) hassled (b) released (c) relaxed (d) warmed
Answer:
(c) relaxed

Question 19.
The oppressors dominated over the language and culture of the Germans.
(a) liberated (b) released (c) conquered (d) controlled
Answer:
(a) liberated

Question 20.
The Prussians defeated the French.
(a) aimed (b) brought (c) triumphed (d) drained
Answer:
(c) triumphed

Question 21.
He has been sinking.
(a) drowning (b) foaling (c) running (d) sleeping
Answer:
(b) foaling

Question 22.
The man was startled.
(a) reassured (b) amused (c) alarmed (ð) annoyed
Answer:
(a) reassured

Question 23.
He was a frail man.
(a) weak (b) feeble (c) strong (d) thin
Answer:
(c) strong

Question 24.
How ignorant you are!
(a) lacking in knowledge (b) well- informed (c) uninformed (d) unaware
Answer:
(b) well- informed

Question 25.
You will Persuade him to come.
(a) dissuade (b) urge (c) distract
Answer:
(a) dissuade

Question 26.
He failed to muster up courage to take that plunge.
(a) dive (b) climb (c) fall (d) plume
Answer:
(b) climb

Question 27.
He even gnawed at the dried pieces of eggshell.
(a) parched (b) dehydrated (c) fresh (d) new
Answer:
(c) fresh

Question 28.
He then trotted back and forth from one end of the ledge to the other.
(a) scurried (b) sauntered (c) tracked (d) rolled
Answer:
(b) sauntered

Question 29.
The precipice was sheer.
(a) steep (b) gradual (c) effervescence (d) recap
Answer:
(b) gradual

Question 30.
They were beckoning to him, calling shrilly.
(a) summoning (b) signaling (c) dismissing (d) requesting
Answer:
(c) dismissing

We hope the data given here will benefit you to the fullest extent at the time of preparation. For better understanding of English subject this Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Answers for Class 10th English Vocabulary Antonyms PDF is the best resource. Download & ace up your preparation. Keep in touch with us and get the latest information on Tamilnadu State board Textbook Answers PDF.

Looking to improve English skills and gain more subject knowledge then the best resources that you can use here is Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Solutions for Supplementary Chapter 7 A Dilemma Questions and Answers.

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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Solutions Supplementary Chapter 7 A Dilemma

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A Dilemma Textual Questions

A. Read the given lines carefully and identify the character / speaker:

Question 1.
I suppose you think me queer. I will explain.
Answer:
Uncle Philip

Question 2.
Don’t come back. It won’t hasten things.
Answer:
Uncle Philip

Question 3.
He thought it simply a cruel jest.
Answer:
Tom’s father

Question 4.
He did not desire to do so.
Answer:
Professor Clinch

Question 5.
He would think it over and come back later.
Answer:
The collector

Additional Questions

Uncle Jim:

1. He was a bachelor who cooked his own meals.
2. I suppose you think me queer. I will explain.
3. He hated my mother but I do not know why.
4. He was an inventor, an able and ingenious mechanical engineer.
5. I have been living on an annuity into which I put my fortune.
6. Now I repent of my wickedness to you all.
7. You think I am poor and have only my annuity.
8. You will be profitably surprised.
9. I have never parted with my precious stones; they will be yours.
10. You are my sole heir.
11. No doubt you have always had expectations.
12. I desire that you should continue to expect.
13. My jewels are in my safe.
14. There is nothing else left.
15. You will have to pay for my funeral.
16. The rubies are valuable. They are in my safe at the trust company.
17. Be very careful to read a letter which lies on top of it.
18. Don’t come back. It won’t hasten things.
19. He was a skilled workman and very ingenious.
20. Tom, remembered the old man’s oddity and his malice.

The narrator, Silas Weir Mitchell / Tom:

1. I was just thirty-seven when my Uncle Philip died.
2. He never looked forward to any expenditure with more pleasure.
3. I opened the safe and found in it nothing but an iron box.
4. I stood appalled, the key in my hand.
5. Was it true? Was it a lie?
6. I thought of Susan.
7. I saw that marriage was out of the question.
8. I spent all my spare hours at one of the great libraries reading about dynamite.
9. I found in my uncle’s Bible, a numbered list of the stones.
10. He had spent all his savings on the funeral.

The Narrator’s Mom:
1. She told Tom that he need expect nothing from his father’s brother.

Professor Clinch:

1. If your uncle had not lied, there’s nothing that would not ruin the stones.
2. It was a silly tale and altogether incredible.

Dr. Schaff:

1. He believed the old man’s letter.
2. He begged Tom to give up all thought of the matter.

Government officials:
1. They were reasonably desired to collect the succession tax on my uncle’s estate.

The Collector:
1. Tom offered him the key and asked for time to get half a mile away.

B. Based on your understanding of the story, answer the following briefly.

Question 1.
What did the uncle do as soon as he bought a stone?
Answer:
He carried it in his pocket for a month, looked at it now and then and then added to the collection in his safe.

Question 2.
What did the uncle bequeath to the narrator?
Answer:
The Uncle bequeathed an iron safe that contained precious gems and a dynamite that would explode when opened.

Question 3.
What was the condition laid by the uncle to inherit his property?
Answer:
The uncle asked Tom to open the box with relief and trust to increase his expectation and desire. If he doubted and opened the dynamite would explode.

Question 4.
Why do you think Tom happily looked forward to the expenditure for his uncle’s funeral?
Answer:
Tom thought he would become a very rich man after his uncle died when he inherited the box of gems.

Question 5.
Write a few words about the mechanism used in the iron box.
Answer:
The box contained an interesting mechanism. It will act with certainty as one unlocks it, and explode 9 Vi ounces of his improved, super sensitive dynamite. One must open without » doubting to desire a fortune. If they doubt, the person will be blown to atoms.

Question 6.
What was the counsel offered to the narrator?
Answer:
The counsel offered was to quit thinking about the box and its contents.

Question 7.
Why and when was the narrator shocked?
Answer:
The narrator was shocked when he opened the safe and found nothing but an iron box wondering whether it contained gems or it was a lie.

Question 8.
What was the doctor’s warning to Tom?
Answer:
The doctor warned him that he would lose his mind thinking a lot about the rubies.

Question 9.
Why didn’t Tom dare to assign the task of unlocking the box to someone?
Answer:
Tom felt a stranger had no right to be subjected to the trial that he dared not face. So he did not want a stranger to open the box.

Additional:

Question 1.
What was told by Uncle Jim to Tom about his property?
Answer:
Uncle Jim told him that the rubies were valuable and they were kept in the safe at the Trust company. He told Tom that he should read the letter which lies on top of the box before unlocking the box and be sure not to shake the box.

Question 2.
What did Tom find inside the safe?
Answer:
Tom found inside the safe an iron box which was heavy and strong, about ten inches long, eight inches wide and ten inches high, evidently made by Uncle Jim.

Question 3.
What did Tom know about his father’s brother?
Answer:
Tom knew that his uncle was an inventor, an able and ingenious mechanical engineer. He knew that he was a bachelor who lived alone and cooked his own meals and collected precious stones, especially rubies and pearls.

Question 4.
When did the craze for collecting precious stones start for Uncle Jim?
Answer:
From the time Uncle Jim made his first money he had this mania to collect precious stones. As he grew richer, the desire to possess rare and costly gems became stronger.

Question 5.
What did Uncle Jim tell Tom when Tom thanked him seated by his death bed?
Answer:
Jim told him that the rubies were valuable. They were in his safe at the trust company. He asked him to be very careful with the box and read a letter which was kept on top of the box and be sure not to shake the box.

C. Answer the questions given below in a paragraph of 150 words.

Question 1.
Describe briefly the contents of the letter written by Tom’s uncle.
Answer:
Tom’s uncle wrote that the box contained a large number of fine pigeon blood rubies and a lot of diamonds, one blue diamond, hundred of pearls, a famous green pearl and a necklace of blue pearls. Thinking of Susan, he insisted Tom to continue to have expectations and remember his dear uncle.

Instead of leaving the stones to a charity he gave it to Tom. The letter instructed Tom about the mechanism of unlocking it. It would explode 9U ounces of improved, super sensitive dynamite. If he opened it doubtfully it would turn him to atoms. With faith if he opened it carefully, he would nourish hopes and expectations. He asks Tom to be very careful.

Question 2.
Explain the efforts taken by Tom to open the iron box. Did he succeed? Why?
Answer:
Tom went on thinking about it, finding people to advise, ransacked libraries, imagined wild plans like throwing it from a far off place to open it, after the explosion he could get the gems, but was sure he wouldn’t succeed. He thinks very hard in vain for weeks and months. His father dismisses it that it is a dirty joke by his deceptive uncle.

His doctor advises him to stop thinking about the iron box with precious gems, as it would make him mad, he tries to put it in the bank, but withdraws because he is afraid of the burglary. He consults Professor Clinch about his dilemma who dismissed it as an altogether incredible tale. Thus Tom had to leave the box to the Society for the Preservation of Human Vivisection.

Additional:

Question 1.
According to the list kept in the Bible, what can you infer of Uncle Jim’s collection of stones?
Answer:
One fine day when Tom was already groping in fear that the iron box may explode with careless handling by someone, found between the leaves of his uncle’s Bible, a numbered list of the stones with their cost. It was dated two years before his uncle’s death. Many of the stones were well known, and their enormous value was also mentioned. Several of the rubies were described with care and curious histories of them were given in detail.

One was said to be the famous “Sunset ruby,” which had belonged to the Empress-Queen Maria Theresa. One was called the “Blood ruby,” not because of the colour but on account of the murders it had occasioned. The pearls were described with care as an unequaled collection. Concerning two of them, they seemed to have done much evil and some good. One, a black pearl, was mentioned in an old bill of sale which seemed queer.
‘Genius like precious stones is chiefly prized because of its rarity. ’

Question 2.
What did Uncle Jim tell his nephew a week before his death?
Answer:
Tom was just thirty-seven when his Uncle Philip died. A week before that event Jim sent for him and it was the first day Tom had ever seen his uncle. At that time Tom was a poor clerk. When Tom sat down by his bedside, he began, with a malicious grin and told him that he must be thinking about this strange meet. He told him that he would explain why it was strange too. He told him that he had been living on an annuity into which he put his fortune.

In other words, he, has been, as to money, concentric half of his life to enable him to be as eccentric as he pleased the rest of it. He added that now he repented of his wickedness to all of them and desire to live in the memory of at least one of his family. Jim also told Tom that he might think he was poor and had only his annuity but said that he would be surprised to know how profitable he was. He said that he had never parted with his precious stones and that they would be Tom’s after his death since he has accepted him to be his sole heir.

He said that he should carry with him to the other world the satisfaction of making one man happy. Uncle Jim also told Tom that there wasn’t any doubt about his expectations and that he should continue to expect. He told Tom about his jewels in the safe and that he should pay for his funeral.
‘Man is an idea, and a precious small idea once he turns his back.’

Question 3.
What information do you have of Uncle Jim?
Answer:
Uncle Jim was the narrator’s father’s only brother. He hated the narrator’s mother. Tom’s mother too had told him long before Uncle Jim’s last illness that he need not expect anything from his father’s brother. Uncle Jim was an inventor, an able and ingenious mechanical engineer, and had much money by his improvement in turbine-wheels. He was a bachelor; lived alone, cooked his own meals, and collected precious stones, especially rubies and pearls.

From the time he made his first money he had this mania. As he grew richer, the desire to possess rare and costly gems became stronger. He was malicious. He was an odd man who couldn’t be understood. He was extremely clever in mechanic arts. He had a patent for the explosive which helped him to become rich.
‘No one is perfect – absolutely no one.’

D. Fill in the blanks with the right option and write down the summary of the story ‘A dilemma’.

Question 1.
The narrator was sent for, by his uncle when he was ______ . (on his deathbed / on his travels/ in his workplace)
Answer:
on his deathbed

Question 2.
The uncle had collected precious _______. (jewels / stones /articles)
Answer:
stones

Question 3.
His uncle announced Tom as his heir and wanted* him to pay for his _______. (rented house / marriage / funeral)
Answer:
funeral

Question 4.
Leaving an iron box for Tom, his uncle instructed him not to the box. (throw / carry / shake)
Answer:
shake

Question 5.
The letter read that the box contained _______ . (a sensitive dynamite / jewels / money)
Answer:
a sensitive dynamite

Question 6.
He started thinking of all possible ways to open the box without being ______ . (wounded / killed / maimed)
Answer:
killed

Question 7.
He planned to explode the box at ________ but dropped the plan ______in fear of losing the rubies. (home / a safe distance / a waste land)
Answer:
a safe distance

Question 8.
His consultation with did ______ not yield him any fruitful solution. (Uncle Philip / Professor Clinch / Susan)
Answer:
Professor Clinch

Question 9.
He failed in his attempts to open the box. His efforts to read about explosives led to_____(hopes / confusions / suspicions) and he had to change his ______ . (name and occupation /lodgings / appearance)
Answer:
confusions, name and occupation

Question 10.
At last, he bequeathed the box to______ . (his offspring / his friends / the Society)
Answer:
the Society.

Additional:

1. The author was just ………………. when Uncle Philip died.
(a) thirty-one
(b) forty-seven
(c) thirty-seven
Answer:
(c) thirty-seven

2. Uncle Philip hated the author’s …………………. .
(a) mother
(b) father
(c) sister
Answer:
(a) mother

3. ……………… before Uncle Philip’s death, the author got to see him.
(a) two weeks
(b) a week
(c) a month
Answer:
(b) a week

4. Uncle Jim was an inventor, an able and ingenious ……………… engineer.
(a) civil
(b) electrical
(c) mechanical
Answer:
(c) mechanical

5. Uncle Jim had much money by his improvement in …………… .
(a) turbine-wheels
(b) cargo-wheels
(c) construction sites
Answer:
(a) turbine-wheels

6. Jim collected precious stones, especially ………………….. .
(a) pearls and emeralds
(b) rubies and pearls
(c) jades
Answer:
(b) rubies and pearls

7. From the time Jim made his first money he had this ………………….. .
(a) desire
(b) sickness
(c) mania
Answer:
(c) mania

8. When Jim bought a new stone, he carried it in his ……………… for a month.
(a) pocket
(b) wallet
(c) suitcase
Answer:
(a) pocket

9. After a month, Jim added it to the collection in his safe at …………………. .
(a) state treasury
(b) the trust company
(c) the Bank of Lorraine
Answer:
(b) the trust company

10. When the author met Uncle Jim, he was a ………………… .
(a) Banker
(b) Physician
(c) Clerk
Answer:
(c) Clerk

11. When I sat down by his bedside, the author noticed his ……………….. grin.
(a) malicious
(b) benevolent
(c) deathly
Answer:
(a) malicious

12. Did Tom think that his Uncle was poor and had only his for his …………………. living?
(a) pearls and gems
(b) annuity
(c) iron-box
Answer:
(b) annuity

13. As the author rose to leave, Jim said: “The …………………….. are valuable”.
(a) Rubies
(b) Pearls
(c) Emeralds
Answer:
(a) Rubies

14. The box was heavy and strong, about ten inches long; ………………. inches wide and ten inches high.
(a) ten
(b) nine
(c) eight
Answer:
(c) eight

15. The author carried the iron box away, set it down with care in a ………………… .
(a) cupboard
(b) wooden case
(c) closet
Answer:
(c) closet

16. According to the letter, the box contains very fine ……………… .
(a) pigeon-blood rubies and a fair lot of diamonds
(b) blue pearls and rubies
(c) pigeon-blood rubies and a green jade and emerald
Answer:
(a) pigeon-blood rubies and a fair lot of diamonds

17. Any woman would sell her soul-or her affections for ……………….. .
(a) the famous green pearl and a necklace of blue pearls
(b) the famous antique turquoise shell comb with pearls embedded
(c) the blue coloured large diamond
Answer:
(a) the famous green pearl and a necklace of blue pearls

18. Worst of all, his …………….. was reduced, and marriage cancelled.
(a) fame
(b) peace
(c) salary
Answer:
(c) salary

19. In despair, the author consulted ………………. .
(a) Professor Clinch
(b) Professor Gems
(c) Physician Schaff
Answer:
(a) Professor Clinch

20. ………………… was the author’s uncle’s doctor.
(a) Dr. Clinch
(b) Dr. Schaff
(c) Dr. Gems
Answer:
(b) Dr. Schaff

21. He spent all his spare hours at one of the greatest libraries reading about …………………. .
(a) rubies
(b) diamonds
(c) dynamite
Answer:
(c) dynamite

22. The library attendants, mistook him to be a dynamite fiend, alerted the ……………… .
(a) crime department
(b) library manager
(c) police
Answer:
(c) police

23. Between the leaves of Jim’s Bible, a numbered list of the stones was kept.
(a) Bible
(b) Quran
(c) Encyclopedia of Dynamites
Answer:
(a) Bible

24. The list in the Bible was dated ……………… before my uncle’s death.
(a) two weeks
(b) two months
(c) two years
Answer:
(c) two years

25. The “…………………..,” belonged to the Empress-Queen Maria Theresa.
(a) Sunset Ruby
(b) Blood Sapphire
(c) Precious Jades
Answer:
(a) Sunset Ruby

Additional:

A. Rearrange the following sentences in coherent order.

1. a. As he grew richer, the desire to possess rare and costly gems became stronger,
b. From the time he made his first money he had this mania.
c. He had much money by his improvement in turbine-wheels. .
d. He was a bachelor; lived alone, and collected precious stones.
e. Uncle Philip was an inventor, an able and ingenious mechanical engineer.
Answers:
e, c, d, b, a
e. Uncle Philip was an inventor, an able and ingenious mechanical engineer.
c. He had much money by his improvement in turbine-wheels.
d. He was a bachelor; lived alone, and collected precious stones,
b. From the time he made his first money he had this mania.
a. As he grew richer, the desire to possess rare and costly gems became stronger.

2. a. Finally, when I thanked him he grinned and wanted me to pay for his funeral.
b. Later, it was added to the collection in his safe at the trust company.
c. Now and then, he took it out and looked at it.
d. When Uncle Philip bought a new stone, he carried it in his pocket for a month.
e. When Uncle Philip sent for Tom, he was a clerk, and poor enough.
Answers:
d, c, b, e, a
d. When Uncle Philip bought a new stone, he carried it in his pocket for a month,
c. Now and then, he took it out and looked at it.
b. Later, it was added to the collection in his safe at the trust company.
e. When Uncle Philip sent for Tom, he was a clerk, and poor enough.
a. Finally, when I thanked him he grinned and wanted me to pay for his funeral.

B. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate phrases given below to form a complete meaningful paragraph.

1. (heavy and strong/ ten inches high/was found/ but an iron box/ was handsomely buried)

Uncle Philip died that day next week, and (i) …………………. The day after, his will (ii) ……………….., leaving me his heir. I opened his safe and found in it nothing (iii) ………………., evidently of his own making, for he was a skilled workman and very ingenious. The box was (iv) ………………………. about ten inches long, eight inches wide and (v) ……………………. .
Answers:
(i) was handsomely buried
(ii) was found
(iii) but an iron box
(iv) heavy and strong
(v) ten inches high

2. (in the house with that box / to withdraw it/ In my despair / in a safe / by the dozen)

(i) …………….. I advertised in the Journal of Science, and have had absurd schemes sent me (ii) ……………………. At last, as I talked too much about it, the thing became so well known that when I put the horror (iii) ……………………, in a bank, I was promptly desired (iv) …………………. I was in constant fear of burglars, and my landlady gave me notice to leave, because no one would stay (v) ……………… .
Answers:
(i) In my despair
(ii) by the dozen
(iii) in a safe
(iv) to withdraw it
(v) in the house with that box

C. Match the following appropriately:

1.
Answers:
(i)(c), (ii)(d), (iii)(e), (iv)(a), (v)(b).

2.
Answers:
(i)(c), (ii)(d), (iii)(b), (iv)(e), (v)(a).

D. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

1. I was just thirty-seven when my Uncle Philip died. A week before that event he sent for me; and here let me say that I had never set eyes on him. He hated my mother, but I do not know why. She told me long before his last illness that I need expect nothing from my father’s brother. He was an inventor, an able and ingenious mechanical engineer, and had much money by his improvement in turbine-wheels. He was a bachelor; lived alone, cooked his own meals, and collected precious stones, especially rubies and pearls.

From the time he made his first money he had this mania. As he grewricher, the desire to possess rare and costly gems became stronger. When he bought a new stone, he carried it in his pocket for a month and now and then took it out and looked at it. Then it was added to the collection in his safe at the trust company.

(a) How old was Uncle Philip’s nephew when he died?
Answer:
Uncle Philip’s nephew was thirty-seven years old when Philip died.

(b) How was the narrator related to Philip?
Answer:
The narrator was Philip’s nephew as Philip was his father’s brother.

(c) What was Philip doing and how did his earnings improve?
Answer:
Philip was an inventor and an ingenious mechanical engineer. His earnings improved in turbine-wheels.

(d) What did Philip do when he bought a new stone?
Answer:
For a month, Philip carried his new stone that he had purchased in his pocket and looked at it now and then. Later he would add it to his collections in his safe at the trust company.

(e) What was Philip’s mania?
Answer:
Philip’s mania was to collect precious stones, especially rubies and pearls.

2. At the time he sent for me I was a clerk, and poor enough. Remembering my mother’s words, his message gave me, his sole relative, no new hopes; but I thought it best to go. When I sat down by his bedside, he began, with a malicious grin: “I suppose you think me queer. I will explain.” What he said was certainly queer enough. “I have been living on an annuity into which I put my fortune. In other words, I have been, as to money, concentric half of my life to enable me to be as eccentric as I pleased the rest of it.

Now I repent of my wickedness to you all, and desire to live in the memory of at least one of my family. You think I am poor and have only my annuity. You will be profitably surprised. I have never parted with my precious stones; they will be yours. You are my sole heir. I shall carry with me to the other world the satisfaction of making one man happy. “No doubt you have always had expectations, and I . desire that you should continue to expect. My jewels are in my safe. There is nothing else left”. When I thanked him he grinned all over his lean face, and said: “You will have to pay for my funeral.”

(a) What did Tom recall when Uncle Philip had sent for him?
Answer:
When Uncle Philip had sent for Tom, he recalled his mother’s words that he should not expect anything from his uncle, though he was the sole relative.

(b) What was Tom working as when Uncle Philip called for him?
Answer:
Tom was a poor clerk when Uncle Philip called for him.

(c) What was the repentance that Uncle Philip said he had in his heart?
Answer:
Uncle Philip said that he repented for his wickedness to his family members.

(d) How was Uncle Philip‘s desire?
Answer:
Uncle Philip’s desire was to live in the memory of at least one of his family members.

(e) flow did Uncle Philip want to compensate for his wickedness?
Answer:
Uncle Philip wanted to compensate his wickedness by making one man happy as he wanted to give all his precious stones to him, who was his sole heir.

A Dilemma by Silas Weir Mitchell About the Author:

Silas Weir Mitchell was born on February 15, 1829, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to John Kearsley Mitchell and Sarah Henry Mitchell. A prominent Philadelphia physician and graduate of Jefferson Medical College, Silas Weir Mitchell, M.D., developed the rest cure for neurasthenia in the 1870’s. In 1866, he published a short story in the Atlantic Monthly resting upon both somatic and psychological insights entitled “The Case of George Dedlow”. He wrote juvenile stories and prose fiction of varying merit which earned him a leading place among American authors at the close of the 19th century. He died on January 4, 1914 in Philadelphia and is interred at The Woodlands Cemetery.

A Dilemma Summary:

Introduction:
A Dilemma written by Silas Weir Mitchell is an interesting short story of mystery. In this story the character receives from his uncle a box that contains a large number of valuables. However this box will explode to pieces when unlocked. So saying he dies.

Tom is confused:
The narrator is informed of this by a letter which was left by his uncle on his bedside, shortly before his passing. He also informs all this to his only heir Tom on condition that he will agree to do a decent funeral for him.

Confusion Intensifies:
The conflict of the story is entirely internal and results in a huge dilemma of anxiety and self-doubt as the protagonist Tom who is the sole heir to Uncle Philip decides and contemplates whether to attempt to open the box or not. In addition, he fears that someone else may try to open the box with the key and be blown to shreds. He confronts a doctor about his dilemma and eventually moves away to a new place, changes his name, and hides the box.

Tom’s dilemma:
It’s incredibly fascinating to see how a small box and curiosity can drive a human being to so much trouble of anxiety and reluctance. We too are challenged with this thought as he tries to open the box. When,Tom sat down, as yet hopeful, and began to exert his ingenuity upon ways of opening the box without being killed, he is in a dilemma and is anxious of the pros and cons wanting to know the way to open the box unhurt.
He again gains anxiety and hence the doctor warns him that he was in danger of losing his mind is a pure representation of human curiosity and how it can drive us to anxiety and mental instability.

Conclusion:
We conclude from this story that a man craves for riches and keeps running after it. He bothers least to face any difficulties and pain to live a rich and luxurious life. So one must understand that one will certainly attain the prize for which he undergoes hardships and does hard work.

A Dilemma Glossary:

Textual:

Additional:

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