{"id":47379,"date":"2021-01-30T11:32:10","date_gmt":"2021-01-30T06:02:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/?p=47379"},"modified":"2021-02-12T17:43:05","modified_gmt":"2021-02-12T12:13:05","slug":"samacheer-kalvi-12th-computer-science-notes-chapter-11","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/samacheer-kalvi-12th-computer-science-notes-chapter-11\/","title":{"rendered":"Samacheer Kalvi 12th Computer Science Notes Chapter 11 Database Concepts"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 12th Computer Science Notes Chapter 11 Database Concepts Notes<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Data and Information.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Data are raw facts stored in a computer<\/li>\n<li>Information is formatted data<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Database:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Database is a repository collection of related data organized in a way that data can be easily accessed, managed and updated.<\/li>\n<li>Database can be a software or hardware based, with one sole purpose of storing data.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>DBMS:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>DBMS is a software that allows us to create, define and manipulate database, allowing users to store, process and analyze data easily.<br \/>\nExample: D base, Foxbase, Foxpro<\/p>\n<p><strong>Data consistency:<\/strong><br \/>\nData Consistency means that data values are the same at all instances of a database<\/p>\n<p><strong>Components of DBMS:<\/strong><br \/>\nThe Database Management System can be divided into five major components namely<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Hardware<\/li>\n<li>Software<\/li>\n<li>Data<\/li>\n<li>Procedures \/ Methods<\/li>\n<li>Database Access Languages<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>1. Hardware:<br \/>\nThe computer, hard disk, I\/O channels for data, and any other physical component involved in storage of data<\/p>\n<p>2. Software:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>This main component is a program that controls everything.<\/li>\n<li>The DBMS software is capable of understanding the Database Access Languages and interprets into database commands for execution.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>3. Data:<br \/>\nIt is that resource for which DBMS is designed. DBMS creation is to store and utilize data.<\/p>\n<p>4. Procedures\/Methods:<br \/>\nThey are general instructions to use a database management system such as installation of DBMS, manage databases to take backups, report generation, etc<\/p>\n<p>5. DataBase Access Languages:<br \/>\nThey are the languages used to write commands to access, insert, update and delete data stored in any database. Examples of popular DBMS : Dbase, FoxPro<\/p>\n<p><strong>Normalization:<\/strong><br \/>\nNormalization is a technique of organizing the data in the database.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Types of DBMS Users:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>1. Database Administrators:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Database Administrator or DBA is the one who manages the complete database management system.<\/li>\n<li>DBA takes care of the security of the DBMS, managing the license keys, managing user accounts and access etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2. Application Programmers or Software Developers:<\/strong><br \/>\nThis user group is involved in developing and designing the parts of DBMS.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. End User:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>All modern applications, web or mobile, store user data.<\/li>\n<li>Applications are programmed in such a way that they collect user data and store the data on DBMS systems running on their server.<\/li>\n<li>End users are the one who store, retrieve, update and delete data.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>4. Database Designers:<br \/>\nDatabase Designers are responsible for identifying the data to be stored in the database for choosing appropriate structures to represent and store the data.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Different types of a Data Models:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Hierarchical Model<\/li>\n<li>Relational Model<\/li>\n<li>Network Database Model<\/li>\n<li>Entity Relationship Model<\/li>\n<li>Object Model.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/samacheer-kalvi-12th-computer-science-notes\/\">Samacheer Kalvi 12th Computer Science Notes<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 12th Computer Science Notes Chapter 11 Database Concepts Notes Data and Information. Data are raw facts stored in a computer Information is formatted data Database: Database is a repository collection of related data organized in a way that data can be easily accessed, managed and updated. Database can be a software or &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47379"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=47379"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47379\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=47379"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=47379"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=47379"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}