{"id":15488,"date":"2024-04-03T11:15:43","date_gmt":"2024-04-03T05:45:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wordpress-505192-1602719.cloudwaysapps.com\/?p=15488"},"modified":"2024-04-05T12:44:29","modified_gmt":"2024-04-05T07:14:29","slug":"samacheer-kalvi-11th-bio-zoology-solutions-chapter-9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/samacheer-kalvi-11th-bio-zoology-solutions-chapter-9\/","title":{"rendered":"Samacheer Kalvi 11th Bio Zoology Solutions Chapter 9 Locomotion and Movement"},"content":{"rendered":"

Students who are in search of 11th Bio Zoology exam can download this Tamilnadu State Board Solutions for 11th Bio Zoology Chapter 9 Locomotion and Movement from here for free of cost. These cover all Chapter 9 Locomotion and Movement Questions and Answers, PDF, Notes, Summary. Download the Samacheer Kalvi 11th Biology Book Solutions<\/a> Questions and Answers by accessing the links provided here and ace up your preparation.<\/p>\n

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th Bio Zoology Solutions Chapter 9 Locomotion and Movement<\/h2>\n

Kickstart your preparation by using this Tamilnadu State Board Solutions for 11th Bio Zoology Chapter 9 Locomotion and Movement Questions and Answers get the max score in the exams. You can cover all the topics of Chapter 9 Locomotion and Movement Questions and Answers easily after studying the Tamilnadu State Board 11th Bio Zoology Textbook solutions pdf.<\/p>\n

Samacheer Kalvi 11th Bio Zoology Locomotion and Movement Text Book Back Questions and Answers<\/h3>\n

Textbook Evaluation Solved<\/span>
\nQuestion 1.
\nMuscles are derived from ………………..
\n(a) Ectoderm
\n(b) Mesoderm
\n(c) Endoderm
\n(d) Neuro ectoderm
\nAnswer:
\n(b) Mesoderm<\/p>\n

Question 2.
\nMuscles are formed by …………………
\n(a) Myocytes
\n(b) Leucocytes
\n(c) Osteocytes
\n(d) Lymphocytes
\nAnswer:
\n(a) Myocytes<\/p>\n

Question 3.
\nThe muscles attached to the bones are called …………………
\n(a) Skeletal muscle
\n(b) Cardiac muscle
\n(c) Involuntary muscle
\n(d) Smooth muscles
\nAnswer:
\n(a) Skeletal muscle<\/p>\n

Question 4.
\nSkeletal muscles are attached to the bones by ………………….
\n(a) Tendon
\n(b) Ligament
\n(c) Pectin
\n(d) Fibrin
\nAnswer:
\n(a) Tendon<\/p>\n

Question 5.
\nThe bundle of muscle fibres is called ………………….
\n(a) Myofibrils
\n(b) Fascicle
\n(c) Sarcomere
\n(d) Sarcoplasm
\nAnswer:
\n(b) Fascicle<\/p>\n

Question 6.
\nThe pigment present in the muscle fibre to store oxygen is ……………………
\n(a) Myoglobin
\n(b) Troponin
\n(c) Myosin
\n(d) Actin
\nAnswer:
\n(a) Myoglobin<\/p>\n

Question 7.
\nThe functional unit of a muscle fibre is …………………..
\n(a) Sarcomere
\n(b) Sarcoplasm
\n(c) Myosin
\n(d) Actin
\nAnswer:
\n(a) Sarcomere<\/p>\n

Question 8.
\nThe protein present in the thick filament is …………………
\n(a) Myosin
\n(b) Actin
\n(c) Pectin
\n(d) Leucin
\nAnswer:
\n(a) Myosin<\/p>\n

Question 9.
\nThe protein present in the thin filament is ……………….
\n(a) Myosin
\n(b) Actin
\n(c) Pectin
\n(d) Leucin
\nAnswer:
\n(b) Actin<\/p>\n

Question 10.
\nThe region between two successive Z-discs is called a …………………
\n(a) Sarcomere
\n(b) Microtubule
\n(c) Myoglobin
\n(d) Actin
\nAnswer:
\n(a) Sarcomere<\/p>\n

Question 11.
\nEach skeletal muscle is covered by …………………
\n(a) Epimysium
\n(b) Perimysium
\n(c) Endomysium
\n(d) Hypomysium
\nAnswer:
\n(a) Epimysium<\/p>\n

Question 12.
\nKnee joint is an example of ………………..
\n(a) Saddle joint
\n(b) Hinge joint
\n(c) Pivot joint
\n(d) Gliding joint
\nAnswer:
\n(b) Hinge joint<\/p>\n

Question 13.
\nName of the joint present between the atlas and axis is ……………….
\n(a) Synovial joint
\n(b) Pivot joint
\n(c) Saddle joint
\n(d) Hinge joint
\nAnswer:
\n(b) Pivot joint<\/p>\n

Question 14.
\nATPase enzyme needed for muscle contraction is located in ………………
\n(a) Actinin
\n(b) Troponin
\n(c) Myosin
\n(d) Actin
\nAnswer:
\n(c) Myosin<\/p>\n

Question 15.
\nSynovial fluid is found in ……………..
\n(a) Ventricles of the brain
\n(b) Spinal cord
\n(c) Immovable joint
\n(d) Freely movable joints
\nAnswer:
\n(d) Freely movable joints<\/p>\n

Question 16.
\nInflammation of joints due to accumulation of uric acid crystals is called as ……………..
\n(a) Gout
\n(b) Myasthenia gravis
\n(c) Dsteoporosis
\n(d) Osteomalacia
\nAnswer:
\n(a) Gout<\/p>\n

Question 17.
\nAcetabulum is located in ……………..
\n(a) Collar bone
\n(b) Hip bone
\n(c) Shoulder bone
\n(d) Thigh bone
\nAnswer:
\n(b) Hip bone<\/p>\n

Question 18.
\nAppendicular skeleton is ………………..
\n(a) Girdles and their limbs
\n(b) Vertebrae
\n(c) Skull and vertebral column
\n(d) Ribs and sternum
\nAnswer:
\n(a) Girdles and their limbs<\/p>\n

Question 19.
\nThe type of movement exhibited by the macrophages are …………………
\n(a) Flagellar
\n(b) Ciliary
\n(c) Muscular
\n(d) Amoeboid
\nAnswer:
\n(d) Amoeboid<\/p>\n

Question 20.
\nThe pointed portion of the elbow is ………………….
\n(a) Acromion process
\n(b) Glenoid cavity
\n(c) Olecranon process
\n(d) Symphysis
\nAnswer:
\n(c) Olecranon process<\/p>\n

Question 21.
\nName the different types of movement?
\nAnswer:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Amoeboid movement<\/li>\n
  2. Ciliary movement<\/li>\n
  3. Flagellar movement<\/li>\n
  4. Muscular movement<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Question 22.
    \nName the filaments present in the sarcomere?
    \nAnswer:
    \nThick and thin filaments are the two types of filaments present inside the sarcomere.<\/p>\n

    Question 23.
    \nName the contractile proteins present in the skeletal muscle?
    \nAnswer:
    \nActin and myosin are contractile proteins present in the skeletal muscle.<\/p>\n

    Question 24.
    \nWhen describing a skeletal muscle, what does \u201cstriated\u201d mean?
    \nAnswer:
    \nEach skeletal muscle fibre has a repeated series of dark and light bands. The dark A-bands and light I-bands give a striated appearance to the muscle.<\/p>\n

    Question 25.
    \nHow does an isotonic contraction take place?
    \nAnswer:
    \nIn isotonic contraction the length of the muscle changes but the tension remains constant. The force produced is unchanged, e.g., lifting dumbbells and weight lifting.<\/p>\n

    Question 26.
    \nHow does an isometric contraction take place?
    \nAnswer:
    \nIn isometric contraction the length of the muscle does not change but the tension of the muscle changes. The force produced is changed, e.g., pushing against a wall, holding a heavy bag.<\/p>\n

    Question 27.
    \nName the bones of the skull?
    \nAnswer:
    \nThe skull is composed of two sets of bones – cranial and facial bones. It consists of 22 bones of which 8 are cranial bones and 14 are facial bones.<\/p>\n

    Question 28.
    \nWhich is the only jointless bone in human body?
    \nAnswer:
    \nHyoid bone.<\/p>\n

    Question 29.
    \nList the three main parts of the axial skeleton?
    \nAnswer:
    \nThe skull, the vertebral column and the ribcage are the three main parts of the axial skeleton.<\/p>\n

    Question 30.
    \nHow is tetany caused?
    \nAnswer:
    \nTetany is caused when rapid muscle spasms occur in the muscles due to deficiency of parathyroid hormone resulting in reduced calcium levels in the body.<\/p>\n

    Question 31.
    \nHow does rigor mortis happen?
    \nAnswer:
    \nAfter the death of an individual, the membrane of muscle cells become more permeable to calcium ions. This happens due to partial contraction of skeletal muscles. The contracted muscles are unable to relax. This condition is known as rigor mortis.<\/p>\n

    Question 32.
    \nWhat are the different types of rib bones that form the rib cage?
    \nAnswer:
    \nThoracic vertebrae ribs and sternum together constitute the ribcage.<\/p>\n

    Question 33.
    \nWhat are the bones that make the pelvic girdle?
    \nAnswer:
    \nIlium, ischium and pubis make the pelvic girdle.<\/p>\n

    Question 34.
    \nList the disorders of the muscular system?
    \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Myasthenia gravis<\/li>\n
    2. Tetany<\/li>\n
    3. Muscle fatigue<\/li>\n
    4. Atrophy<\/li>\n
    5. Muscle pull<\/li>\n
    6. Muscular dystrophy<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Question 35.
      \nExplain the sliding- filament theory of muscle contraction?
      \nAnswer:
      \nAndrew F.Huxley and Rolf Niedergerke proposed the sliding filament theory to explain muscle contraction. According to this theory, overlapping actin and myosin filaments of fixed length slide past one another in an energy requiring process, resulting in muscle contraction.<\/p>\n

      Question 36.
      \nWhat are the benefits of regular exercise?
      \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. The benefits of regular exercise are:<\/li>\n
      2. The muscles used in exercise grow larger and stronger.<\/li>\n
      3. The resting heart rate goes down.<\/li>\n
      4. More enzymes are synthesized in the muscle fibre.<\/li>\n
      5. Ligaments and tendons become stronger.<\/li>\n
      6. Joints become more flexible.<\/li>\n
      7. Protection from heart attack.<\/li>\n
      8. Influences hormonal activity.<\/li>\n
      9. Improves cognitive functions.<\/li>\n
      10. Prevents obesity.<\/li>\n
      11. Promotes confidence, esteem.<\/li>\n
      12. Aesthetically better with good physique.<\/li>\n
      13. Over all well-being with good quality of life.<\/li>\n
      14. Prevents depression, stress and anxiety.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        In-Text Questions Solved<\/span><\/p>\n

        Question 1.
        \nWhich myofilament has the binding sites for calcium? Name the specific molecule that binds with calcium?
        \nAnswer:
        \nActin filament has the binding sites for calcium. Troponin binds to calcium on thin filaments.<\/p>\n

        Question 2.
        \nAll muscles produce movement, but only skeletal muscle is responsible for locomotion. What is meant by this statement?
        \nAnswer:
        \nAll the muscles, skeletal, smooth and cardiac, produce movement. Smooth muscles control the activities of internal organs like intestine, stomach, lungs, bladder etc. and their actions are involuntary. Cardiac muscles help in the functioning of heart. But only skeletal muscles are responsible for locomotion.<\/p>\n

        Locomotion is effected by both bones and muscles attached to the bones and takes place by the coordination between muscular contraction and relaxation and skeletal system. Moreover, the functioning of those skeletal muscles is voluntary.<\/p>\n

        Question 3.
        \nThe pelvic girdle is a heavy, strong girdle. How does its structure reflect its function?
        \nAnswer:
        \nThe pelvic girdle is a heavy structure specialized for weight bearing. This feature enables it to connect the trunk and the legs, support and balance the trunk, and contain and supports the intestines, the urinary bladder, and the internal sex organs.<\/p>\n

        Question 4.
        \nAn exhausted student was attending a lecture. After 30 minutes or so, he lost interest and he let go with a tremendous yawn. To his great distress he couldn\u2019t close his mouth -his lower jaw was locked open. What do you think would have caused it?
        \nAnswer:
        \nWhen he opened his mouth very wide, the mandibular condyle might have slid forward to the point that the joint might have got dislocated.<\/p>\n

        Samacheer Kalvi 11th Bio Zoology Locomotion and Movement Additional Questions & Answers<\/h3>\n

        I. Choose The Correct Answer<\/span><\/p>\n

        Question 1.
        \nWhich of the following is not related to skeletal muscle?
        \n(a) It is attached to the bone
        \n(b) It is striated
        \n(c) It is an involuntary muscle
        \n(d) It brings about movement of the organ
        \nAnswer:
        \n(c) It is an involuntary muscle<\/p>\n

        Question 2.
        \nThe skeletal system is derived from
        \n(a) Ectoderm
        \n(b) Endoderm
        \n(c) Mesoderm
        \n(d) Mesoglea
        \nAnswer:
        \n(c) Mesoderm<\/p>\n

        Question 3.
        \nThe cytoplasm of the muscle fibre is ……………….
        \n(a) Sarcolemma
        \n(b) Sarcoplasm
        \n(c) Ectoplasm
        \n(d) Endoplasm
        \nAnswer:
        \n(b) Sarcoplasm<\/p>\n

        Question 4.
        \nThe thick filament of muscle fibre is made up of ……………….
        \n(a) Actin
        \n(b) Myosin
        \n(c) Tropomyosin
        \n(d) Troponin
        \nAnswer:
        \n(b) Myosin<\/p>\n

        Question 5.
        \nThe cranial bones are ………………..
        \n(a) 22
        \n(b) 14
        \n(c) 8
        \n(d) 3
        \nAnswer:
        \n(c) 8<\/p>\n

        Question 6.
        \nWhere is the hyoid bone present?
        \n(a) Cranium
        \n(b) Appendicular skeleton
        \n(c) Pectoral girdle
        \n(d) Base of the buccal cavity
        \nAnswer:
        \n(d) Base of the buccal cavity<\/p>\n

        Question 7.
        \nThe number of vertebrates is ………………..
        \n(a) 8
        \n(b) 12
        \n(c) 5
        \n(d) 33
        \nAnswer:
        \n(d) 33<\/p>\n

        Question 8.
        \nHow many thoracic vertebrates are there?
        \n(a) 7
        \n(b) 12
        \n(c) 5
        \n(d) 4
        \nAnswer:
        \n(b) 12<\/p>\n

        Question 9.
        \nRib cage protects ……………….
        \n(a) Brain
        \n(b) Kidney
        \n(c) Lungs, heart, liver
        \n(d) Heart
        \nAnswer:
        \n(c) Lungs, heart, liver<\/p>\n

        Question 10.
        \nThe fore arm bones are the ………………
        \n(a) Tibia and fibula
        \n(b) Radius and ulna
        \n(c) Carpals and metacarpals
        \n(d) Tarsal and metatarsals
        \nAnswer:
        \n(b) Radius and ulna<\/p>\n

        Question 11.
        \nThe joint between carpal and metacarpals is ………………..
        \n(a) Pivot joint
        \n(b) Ball and socket joint
        \n(c) Saddle joint
        \n(d) Hinge joint
        \nAnswer:
        \n(c) Saddle joint<\/p>\n

        Question 12.
        \nWhich of the following allows movement in only one direction?
        \n(a) Pivot joint
        \n(b) Ball and socket joint
        \n(c) Saddle joint
        \n(d) Hinge joint
        \nAnswer:
        \n(d) Hinge joint<\/p>\n

        Question 13.
        \nWhich of the following disorders is related to endocrine gland?
        \n(a) Myasthenia gravis
        \n(b) Tetany
        \n(c) Atrophy
        \n(d) Muscular dystrophy
        \nAnswer:
        \n(b) Tetany<\/p>\n

        Question 14.
        \nWhich of the following arthritis is related to protein metabolism?
        \n(a) Osteoarthritis
        \n(b) Rheumatoid arthritis
        \n(c) Gouty arthritis
        \n(d) Osteoporosis
        \nAnswer:
        \n(c) Gouty arthritis<\/p>\n

        Question 15.
        \nWhich of the following is deficiency disorder?
        \n(a) Osteoarthritis
        \n(b) Rheumatoid arthritis
        \n(c) Gouty arthritis
        \n(d) Osteoporosis
        \nAnswer:
        \n(d) Osteoporosis<\/p>\n

        II. Fill in the blanks<\/span><\/p>\n

        Question 1.
        \nThe sperm cells show …………………… movement.
        \nAnswer:
        \nFlagellar<\/p>\n

        Question 2.
        \nSkeletal muscle is attached to the bone by a bundle of collagen fibres known as ……………………
        \nAnswer:
        \nTendon<\/p>\n

        Question 3.
        \nThe cytoplasm of the muscle fibre is called the ……………………
        \nAnswer:
        \nSarcoplasm<\/p>\n

        Question 4.
        \n…………………… is a red coloured respiratory pigment of the muscle fibre.
        \nAnswer:
        \nMyoglobin<\/p>\n

        Question 5.
        \n…………………… are the granules of stored glycogen.
        \nAnswer:
        \nGlycosomes<\/p>\n

        Question 6.
        \n…………………… is the functional unit of the skeletal muscle.
        \nAnswer:
        \nSarcomere<\/p>\n

        Question 7.
        \nThe thick filaments are composed of the protein ……………………
        \nAnswer:
        \nMyosin<\/p>\n

        Question 8.
        \nThe monomer of the myosin molecule is ……………………
        \nAnswer:
        \nMeromyosin<\/p>\n

        Question 9.
        \nThe study of muscle is called ……………………
        \nAnswer:
        \nMyology<\/p>\n

        Question 10.
        \nThe junction between the motor neuron and the sarcolemma of the muscle fibre is called the ……………………
        \nAnswer:
        \nNeuromuscular junction or motor end plate<\/p>\n

        Question 11.
        \nWhen nerve impulse reaches a neuromuscular junction, …………………… is released.
        \nAnswer:
        \nAcetylcholine<\/p>\n

        Question 12.
        \nIn …………………… contraction of the length of the muscle changes but the tension remains constant.
        \nAnswer:
        \nIsotonic<\/p>\n

        Question 13.
        \nIn …………………… contraction of the length of the muscle does not change but the tension of the muscle changes.
        \nAnswer:
        \nIsometric<\/p>\n

        Question 14.
        \nThe oxidative fibres are called as …………………… fibres.
        \nAnswer:
        \nRed muscle<\/p>\n

        Question 15.
        \nGlycolytic fibres or white muscle fibres lack ……………………
        \nAnswer:
        \nMyoglobin<\/p>\n

        Question 16.
        \nThe skeletal system is derived from the ……………………
        \nAnswer:
        \nMesoderm<\/p>\n

        Question 17.
        \nThe RBCs and WBCs are produced in the ……………………
        \nAnswer:
        \nBone marrow<\/p>\n

        Question 18.
        \nThe large hole in the temporal bone is the ……………………
        \nAnswer:
        \nExternal auditory meatus<\/p>\n

        Question 19.
        \nThe lower jaw bone is called ……………………
        \nAnswer:
        \nMandible<\/p>\n

        Question 20.
        \n…………………… is the only bone without any joint.
        \nAnswer:
        \nHyoid bone<\/p>\n

        Question 21.
        \nThe upper jaw is formed of the ……………………
        \nAnswer:
        \nMaxilla<\/p>\n

        Question 22.
        \n…………………… is the large opening found at the posterior base of the skull.
        \nAnswer:
        \nForamen magnum<\/p>\n

        Question 23.
        \nThrough foramen magnum the medulla oblongata continues as the ……………………
        \nAnswer:
        \nSpinal cord<\/p>\n

        Question 24.
        \nThe first vertebra is called as the ……………………
        \nAnswer:
        \nAtlas<\/p>\n

        Question 25.
        \nThe second vertebra is called as the ……………………
        \nAnswer:
        \nAxis<\/p>\n

        Question 26.
        \nThe cranium protects the ……………………
        \nAnswer:
        \nBrain<\/p>\n

        Question 27.
        \n…………………… is the flat bone on the mid ventral line of the thorax.
        \nAnswer:
        \nSternum<\/p>\n

        Question 28.
        \nThe first seven pairs of ribs are called ……………………
        \nAnswer:
        \nTrue ribs\/vertebro-sternal<\/p>\n

        Question 29.
        \nThe 11th and 12th pairs of ribs are called as …………………… ribs.
        \nAnswer:
        \nFloating \/vertebral<\/p>\n

        Question 30.
        \nThe 8th, 9th and 10th pairs of ribs are called …………………… ribs.
        \nAnswer:
        \nFlase \/vertebro-chondral<\/p>\n

        Question 31.
        \nRib cage plays a role in ……………………
        \nAnswer:
        \nBreathing<\/p>\n

        Question 32.
        \n…………………… is a depression in the pectoral girdle on which the head of the humerus form the shoulder joint.
        \nAnswer:
        \nGlenoid cavity<\/p>\n

        Question 33.
        \n…………………… is situated at the upper end of the ulna which forms the pointed portion of the elbow.
        \nAnswer:
        \nOlecranon process<\/p>\n

        Question 34.
        \n…………………… is the largest, longest and strongest bone in the body.
        \nAnswer:
        \nFemur<\/p>\n

        Question 35.
        \nThe head of femur articulates with the …………………… of the pelvis to form the hip joint.
        \nAnswer:
        \nAcetabulum<\/p>\n

        Question 36.
        \nThe bone forming cells are called ……………………
        \nAnswer:
        \nOsteoblasts<\/p>\n

        Question 37.
        \nThe bone destroying cells are called the ……………………
        \nAnswer:
        \nOsteoclasts<\/p>\n

        Question 38.
        \n…………………… cells give rise to the osteoblasts.
        \nAnswer:
        \nOsteogenic<\/p>\n

        Question 39.
        \nThe internal bone surfaces are covered with a delicate connective tissue membrane called the ……………………
        \nAnswer:
        \nEndosteum<\/p>\n

        Question 40.
        \nBetween the epiphysis and diaphysis …………………… is present.
        \nAnswer:
        \nEpiphyseal plate\/growth plate<\/p>\n

        Question 41.
        \nThe …………………… are points of contact between the bones.
        \nAnswer:
        \nJoints<\/p>\n

        Question 42.
        \nSutures of the flat skull bones are …………………… joints.
        \nAnswer:
        \nFibrous<\/p>\n

        Question 43.
        \n…………………… are the freely movable joints.
        \nAnswer:
        \nSynovial joints\/Diarthroses joints<\/p>\n

        Question 44.
        \nBetween atlas and axis …………………… joint is present.
        \nAnswer:
        \nPivot<\/p>\n

        Question 45.
        \nBetween the carpals …………………… joint is present.
        \nAnswer:
        \nPlane\/gliding<\/p>\n

        Question 46.
        \nBetween the carpal and metacarpal …………………… joint is present.
        \nAnswer:
        \nAddle<\/p>\n

        Question 47.
        \nBetween humerus and pectoral girdle …………………… joint is seen.
        \nAnswer:
        \nBall and socket<\/p>\n

        Question 48.
        \n…………………… is an autoimmune disorder affecting the action of acetylcholine.
        \nAnswer:
        \nMyasthenia gravis<\/p>\n

        Question 49.
        \nThe removal of parathyroid gland results in ……………………
        \nAnswer:
        \nTetany<\/p>\n

        Question 50.
        \nA traumatic pulling of the fibres produces a tear known as ……………………
        \nAnswer:
        \nSprain<\/p>\n

        Question 51.
        \n…………………… is an inflammatory or degenerative disease that damages the joints.
        \nAnswer:
        \nArthritis<\/p>\n

        Question 52.
        \nThe wearing away of the bone ends of the knees and other movable joints is called ……………………
        \nAnswer:
        \nOsteoarthritis<\/p>\n

        Question 53.
        \nThe inflammation of the synovial membranes is known as ……………………
        \nAnswer:
        \nRheumatoid arthritis<\/p>\n

        Question 54.
        \nInflammation of joints due to accumulation of uric acid crystals is known as ……………………
        \nAnswer:
        \nGout<\/p>\n

        Question 55.
        \nThe deficiency of vitamin D and hormonal imbalance cause ……………………
        \nAnswer:
        \nOsteoporosis<\/p>\n

        Question 56.
        \nThe deficiency of vitamin D causes …………………… in children.
        \nAnswer:
        \nRickets<\/p>\n

        Question 57.
        \nThe deficiency of vitamin D causes …………………… in adults.
        \nAnswer:
        \nOsteomalacia<\/p>\n

        Question 58.
        \n…………………… increase the breathing and heart rate.
        \nAnswer:
        \nEndurance or aerobic activities<\/p>\n

        Question 59.
        \n…………………… protects us from heart attack.
        \nAnswer:
        \nExercise<\/p>\n

        III. Short Answer Questions<\/span><\/p>\n

        Question 1.
        \nWhat is amoeboid movement?
        \nAnswer:
        \nThe movement of cells by streaming movements of the cytoplasm forming pseudo-podia is known as amoeboid movement, e.g., macrophages.<\/p>\n

        Question 2.
        \nWhat is ciliary movement?
        \nAnswer:
        \nThe movement caused by the cilia is ciliary movement, e.g., ciliated epithelial cells of respiratory passage and genital tracts.<\/p>\n

        Question 3.
        \nWhat is flagellar movement?
        \nAnswer:
        \nThe movement due to the lashing of flagella is known as flagellar movement, e.g., sperm cells.<\/p>\n

        Question 4.
        \nWhat is muscular movement?
        \nAnswer:
        \nThe movement of hands, legs, jaws, tongue are caused by the contraction and relaxation of the muscle which is known as muscular movement.<\/p>\n

        Question 5.
        \nWhat is fascicle?
        \nAnswer:
        \nEach muscle is made up of bundles of muscle fibres called fascicle.<\/p>\n

        Question 6.
        \nWhat are myofibrils?
        \nAnswer:
        \nEach muscle fibre contains hundreds to thousands of rod-like structures called myofibrils that run parallel to its length.<\/p>\n

        Question 7.
        \nWhat is epimysium?
        \nAnswer:
        \nThe connective tissue covering the whole muscle is the epimysium,<\/p>\n

        Question 8.
        \nWhat is perimysium?
        \nAnswer:
        \nThe connective tissue covering around each fascicle is the perimysium.<\/p>\n

        Question 9.
        \nWhat is endomysium?
        \nAnswer:
        \nThe connective tissue surrounding the muscle fibre is called the endomysium.<\/p>\n

        Question 10.
        \nDistinguish between voluntary muscle and involuntary muscle.
        \nAnswer:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
        \n

        Voluntary muscle<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

        		\n

        Involuntary muscle<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

        1. The muscle whose functions are under the control of our will is voluntary muscle.<\/td>\n1. The muscle whose functions are not under the control of our will is the involuntary muscle.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        2. It is striated and and hence called striated or striped muscle.<\/td>\n2. It has no stripes and hence it is called smooth muscles or unstriped or non-striated muscles.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        Question 11.
        \nWhat is tendon?
        \nAnswer:
        \nSkeletal muscle is attached to the bone by a bundle of collagen fibres known as tendon.<\/p>\n

        Question 12.
        \nWhat is myoglobin?
        \nAnswer:
        \nMyoglobin is a red-coloured respiratory pigment of the muscle fibre.<\/p>\n

        Question 13.
        \nWhat is sarcoplasm?
        \nAnswer:
        \nThe cytoplasm of the muscle fibre is called the sarcoplasm.<\/p>\n

        Question 14.
        \nWhat are Glycosomes?
        \nAnswer:
        \nGlycosomes are the granules of stored glycogen that provide glucose during the period of muscle fibre activity.<\/p>\n

        Question 15.
        \nWhat is sarcomere?
        \nAnswer:
        \nThe functional unit of the skeletal muscle is known as sarcomere.<\/p>\n

        Question 16.
        \nDistinguish between thick filaments and thin filaments?
        \nAnswer:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
        \n

        Thick filaments<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

        		\n

        Thin filaments<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

        \u00a01. The thick filaments are composed of the protein myosin.<\/td>\n1. The thin filaments are composed of protein actin.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        Question 17.
        \nWhat is meromyosin?
        \nAnswer:
        \nThe monomer of myosin molecule is called meromyosin.<\/p>\n

        Question 18.
        \nName the proteins which regulates the contraction of muscles?
        \nAnswer:
        \nActin, myosin, tropomyosin and troponin.<\/p>\n

        Question 19.
        \nWhat is myology?
        \nAnswer:
        \nThe study of muscle is called myology.<\/p>\n

        Question 20.
        \nWhat are oxidative fibres?
        \nAnswer:
        \nThe muscle fibres that contain numerous mitochondria and have a high capacity for oxidative phosphorylation are classified as oxidative fibres. They are also called red muscle fibres.<\/p>\n

        Question 21.
        \nWhat are glycolytic fibres?
        \nAnswer:
        \nThe muscle fibres which contain a few mitochondria but possess a high concentration of glycolytic enzymes and large stores of glycogen are called glycolytic fibres. These lack myoglobin and hence these are pale. These muscle fibres are termed as white muscle fibres.<\/p>\n

        Question 22.
        \nWhat is hydrostatic skeleton?
        \nAnswer:
        \nThe skeleton found in soft-bodied invertebrates is called hydrostatic skeleton. It is a fluid filled cavity encircled by muscles, e.g., earthworm.<\/p>\n

        Question 23.
        \nDistinguish between exoskeleton and endoskeleton.
        \nAnswer:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
        \n

        Exoskeleton<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

        		\n

        Endoskeleton<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

        1. The rigid hard case present outside the body of animals is exoskeleton.<\/td>\n1. The rigid support structure found inside the body of vertebrates is endoskeleton.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        2. e.g., Cockroach<\/td>\n2. e.g., Human being<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        Question 24.
        \nWhat is a metaphysis?
        \nAnswer:
        \nThe bone region where the diaphysis and epiphyses meet is called the metaphysis.<\/p>\n

        Question 25.
        \nWhat is periosteum?
        \nAnswer:
        \nThe external surface of the bone is covered by a double layered membrane called periosteum. What is endosteum?<\/p>\n

        Question 26.
        \nWhat is endosteum?
        \nAnswer:
        \nInternal bone surfaces are covered with a delicate connective tissue membrane called the endosteum.<\/p>\n

        Question 27.
        \nWhat is sternum?
        \nAnswer:
        \nSternum is a flat bone on the mid ventral line of the thorax. It provides space for the attachment of the thoracic ribs and abdominal muscles.<\/p>\n

        IV. Give Long Answers<\/span><\/p>\n

        Question 1.
        \nExplain the structure of a skeletal muscle fibre?
        \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Each muscle fibre is thin and elongated.<\/li>\n
        2. It has multiple oval nuclei beneath sarcolemma.<\/li>\n
        3. The cytoplasm of the muscle fibre is called as sarcoplasm.<\/li>\n
        4. It contains glycosomes, the stored glycogen granules, myoglobin, respiratory pigment and sarcoplasmic reticulum.<\/li>\n
        5. Actin and myosin are muscle proteins present in the muscle fibre.<\/li>\n
        6. Each myofibril has a repeated series of dark and light bands called A-bands and I-bands.<\/li>\n
        7. Each dark band has a lighter region in its middle called the H-zone.<\/li>\n
        8. Each H-zone is bisected vertically by a dark line called the M-line.<\/li>\n
        9. Each light I-band has a darker mid line area called the Z-disc.<\/li>\n
        10. Sarcomere is the functional unit of the skeletal muscle. It is a region of a myofibril between two successive Z-discs.<\/li>\n
        11. Sarcomere has thick and thin filaments. The thick filaments extend the entire length of the A-band, the thin filaments extend across the I-band and partly into the A-band.<\/li>\n
        12. The invagination of the sarcolemma forms transverse tubules (T-tubules) and they penetrate into the junction between the A and I-bands.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

           <\/p>\n

          Question 2.
          \nWrite the schematic presentation of muscle contraction?
          \nAnswer:
          \n\"Samacheer<\/p>\n

          Question 3.
          \nExplain the structure of contractile proteins?
          \nAnswer:
          \nThe thick filaments of the muscle has the protein mysoin. Each myosin molecule is made up of a monomer called meromyosin. It has a globular head, a short arm and a tail. The short arm constitutes the heavy meromyosin (HMM). The tail portion forms the light meromyosin (LMM). The head bears an actin-binding site and an ATP- binding site. It also contains ATPase enzyme that split ATP to generate energy for the contraction of muscle.<\/p>\n

          The thin filaments are composed of two intertwined actin molecules. It has polypeptide subunits called globular actin or G-actin and filamentous form or F-actin.<\/p>\n

          Each thin filament is made of two F-actins helically wound to each other. Each F-actin is a polymer of monomeric G-actins. Tropomyosin and troponin are other proteins which help in regulating the contraction of muscles along with actin and myosin.<\/p>\n

          Question 4.
          \nExplain the types of skeletal muscle fibres?
          \nAnswer:
          \nSkeletal muscle fibres are classified into three types. They are:<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. Slow – oxidative fibres<\/li>\n
          2. Fast – oxidative fibres<\/li>\n
          3. Fast – glycolytic fibres<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            1. Slow – oxidative fibres have low rates of myosin ATP hydrolysis but have the ability to make large amounts of ATP. These fibres are used for prolonged, regular activity such as long distance swimming. Long – distance runners have a high proportion of these fibres in their leg muscles.<\/p>\n

            2. Fast – oxidative fibres have high myosin ATPase activity and can make large amounts of ATP. They are particularly suited for rapid actions.<\/p>\n

            3. Fast – glycolytic fibres have myosin ATPase activity but cannot make as much ATP as oxidative fibres, because their source of ATP is glycolysis. These fibres are best suited for rapid, intense actions, such as short sprint at maximum speed.<\/p>\n

            Question 5.
            \nWrite the functions of skeletal system?
            \nAnswer:
            \nFunctions of skeletal system<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. Support -It forms a rigid framework and supports the weight of the body against gravity.<\/li>\n
            2. Shape – It provides and maintains the shape of the body.<\/li>\n
            3. Protection – It protects the delicate internal organs of the body.<\/li>\n
            4. Acts as reservoir – It stores minerals such as calcium and phosphate. Fat (triglyceride) is stored in yellow bone marrow and represents a source of stored energy for the body.<\/li>\n
            5. Locomotion – It acts as lever along with the muscles attached to it.<\/li>\n
            6. Strength – It can withstand heavy weight and absorbs mechanical shock.<\/li>\n
            7. Asa haemopoietic tissue – Red and white blood cells are produced in the bone marrow of the ribs, spongy bones of vertebrae and extremities of long bones.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

               <\/p>\n

              Question 6.
              \nExplain the bones that form the skull?
              \nAnswer:
              \nThe skull is composed of two sets of bones – cranial and facial bones. It consists of 22 bones of which 8 are cranial bones and 14 are facial, bones. The cranial bones form the hard protective outer covering of the brain and called the brain box. The capacity of the cranium is 1500 cm3.<\/p>\n

              These bones are joined by sutures which are immovable. They are a paired parietal, paired temporal and individual bones such as the frontal, sphenoid, occipital and ethmoid. The large hole in the temporal bone is the external auditory meatus. In the facial bones maxilla, zygomatic, palatine, lacrimal, nasal are paired bones whereas mandible or lower jaw and vomer are unpaired bones. They form the front part of the skull.<\/p>\n

              A single U-shaped hyoid bone is present at the base of the buccal cavity. It is the only one bone without any joint. Each middle ear contains three tiny bones- malleus, incus and stapes collectively are called ear ossicles. The upper jaw is formed of the maxilla and the lower jaw is formed of the mandible.<\/p>\n

              The upper jaw is fused with the cranium and is immovable. The lower jaw is connected to the cranium by muscles and is movable. The most prominent openings in the skull are the orbits and the nasal cavity. Foramen magnum is a large opening found at the posterior base of the skull. Through this opening the medulla oblongata of the brain descends down as the spinal cord.<\/p>\n

              Question 7.
              \nWrite a short note on the vertebral column?
              \nAnswer:
              \nVertebral column is also called the back bone. It consists of 33 serially arranged vertebrae which are interconnected by cartilage known as intervertebral disc. The vertebral column extends from the base of the skull to the pelvis and forms the main frame work of the trunk. The vertebral column has five major regions.<\/p>\n

              They are, the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum (5 sacral vertebrae found in the infant which are fused to form one bone in the adult) and coccyx (4 coccygeal vertebrae found in the infant which are fused to form one bone in the adult).<\/p>\n

              Each vertebra has a central hollow portion, the neural canal, through which the spinal cord passes. The first vertebra is called as the atlas and the second vertebra is called as the axis. Atlas is articulated with the occipital condyles. The vertebral column protects the spinal cord, supports the head and serves as the point of attachment for the ribs and musculature of the back.<\/p>\n

              Question 8.
              \nWrite a short note on Rib cage?
              \nAnswer:
              \nThere are 12 pairs of ribs. Each rib is a thin flat bone connected dorsally to the vertebral column and ventrally to the sternum. It has two articulation surfaces on its dorsal end, hence called bicephalic.<\/p>\n

              The first seven pairs of ribs are called \u2018true ribs or vertebro-stemal ribs. Dorsally they are attached to the thoracic vertebrae and ventrally connected to the sternum with the help of hyaline cartilages.<\/p>\n

              The 8th, 9th and 10th pairs of ribs do not articulate directly with the sternum but joined with the cartilaginous (hyaline cartilage) part of the seventh rib. These are called \u2018false ribs\u2019 or vertebro-chondral ribs.<\/p>\n

              The last 11th and 12th pairs of ribs are not connected ventrally. Therefore, they are called as \u2018floating ribs\u2019 or vertebral ribs. Thoracic vertebrae, ribs and sternum together form the ribcage. Rib cage protects the lungs, heart, liver and also plays a role in breathing.<\/p>\n

              Question 9.
              \nWrite a note on Pectoral girdle?
              \nAnswer:
              \nThe upper limbs are attached to the pectoral girdles. These are very light and allow the upper limbs a degree of mobility not seen anywhere else in the body. The girdle is formed of two halves. Each half of the pectoral girdle consists of a clavicle or collar bone and a scapula.<\/p>\n

              The scapula is a large, thin, triangular bone situated in the dorsal surface of the ribcage between the second and seventh ribs. It has a slightly elevated ridge called the spine which projects as a flat, expanded process called the acromion. The clavicle articulates with this process.<\/p>\n

              Below the acromion is a depression called the glenoid cavity which articulates with the head of the humerus to form the shoulder joint. Each clavicle is a long slender bone with two curvatures which lies horizontally and connects axial skeleton with appendicular skeleton.<\/p>\n

              Question 10.
              \nWrite a note on the bones of the upper limb?
              \nAnswer:
              \nThe upper limb consists of 30 separate bones and is specialized for1 mobility. The skeleton of the arm, the region between the shoulder and elbow is the humerus. The head of humerus articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula and forms the shoulder joint. The distal end of humerus articulates with the two forearm bones the radius and ulna. The forearm is the region between the elbow and the wrist.<\/p>\n

              Olecranon process is situated at the upper end of the ulna which forms the pointed portion of the elbow. The hand consists of carpals, metacarpals and phalanges. Carpals, the wrist bones, 8 in number are arranged in two rows of four each.<\/p>\n

              The anterior surface of the wrist has tunnel-like appearance, due to the arrangement of carpals with the ligaments. This tunnel is termed as carpal tunnel. Metacarpals, the pajm bones are 5 in number and phalanges the digits bones are 14 in number.<\/p>\n

              Question 11.
              \nExplain the structure of Pelvic Girdle?
              \nAnswer:
              \nThe pelvic girdle is a heavy structure specialized for weight bearing. It is composed of two hip bones called coxal bones that secure the lower limbs to the axial skeleton. Together, with the sacrum and coccyx, the hip bones form the basin-like bony pelvis.<\/p>\n

              Each coxal bone consists of three fused bones, ilium, ischium and pubis. At the point of fusion of ilium, ischium, and pubis a deep hemispherical socket called the acetabulum is present on the lateral surface of the pelvis.<\/p>\n

              It receives the head of the femur or thigh bone at the hip joint and helps in the articulation of the femur. Ventrally the two halves of the pelvic girdle meet and form the pubic symphysis containing fibrous cartilage..<\/p>\n

              The ilium is the superior flaring portion of the hip bone. Each ilium forms a secure joint with the sacrum posteriorly. The ischium is a curved bar of bone.<\/p>\n

              The V-shaped pubic bones articulate anteriorly at the pubic symphysis. The pelvis of male is deep and narrow with larger heavier bones and the female is shallow, wide and flexible in nature, and this helps during pregnancy which is influenced by female hormones.<\/p>\n

              Question 12.
              \nWrite a note on the bones of lower limb?
              \nAnswer:
              \nThe lower limb consists of 30 bones which carries the entire weight of the erect body and is subjected to exceptional forces when we jump or run. The bones of the lower limbs are thicker and stronger than the upper limbs.<\/p>\n

              The three segments of each.lower limb are the thigh, the leg or the shank and the foot. The femur is the single bone of the thigh. It is the largest, longest and strongest bone in the body.<\/p>\n

              The head of femur articulates with the acetabulum of the pelvis to form the hip joint. Two parallel bones, the tibia and fibula, form the skeleton of the shank.<\/p>\n

              A thick, triangular patella forms the knee cap, which protects the knee joint anteriorly and improves the leverage of thigh muscles acting across the knee. The foot includes the bones of ankle, the tarsus, the metatarsus and the phalanges or toe bones.<\/p>\n

              The foot supports our body weight and acts as a lever to propel the body forward, while walking and running. The tarsus is made up of seven bones called tarsals. The metatarsus consists of five bones called metatarsals. The arrangement of the metatarsals is parallel to each other. There are 14 phalanges in the toes which are smaller than those of the fingers.<\/p>\n

              Question 13.
              \nExplain the structure of a typical long bone?
              \nAnswer:
              \nA typical long bone has a diaphysis, epiphyses and membranes. A tubular diaphysis or shaft, forms the long axis of the bone. It is constructed of a thick collar of compact bone that surrounds a central medullary cavity or marrow cavity. The epiphyses are the bone ends.<\/p>\n

              Compact bone forms the exterior of epiphyses and their interior contains spongy bone with red marrow. The region where the diaphysis and epiphyses meet is called the metaphysis. The external surface of the entire bone except the joint surface is covered by a double-layered membrane called the periosteum.<\/p>\n

              The outer fibrous layer is dense irregular connective tissue. The inner osteogenic layer consists of osteoblasts (bone- forming cells) which secrete bone matrix elements and osteoclasts (bone-destroying cells). In addition, there are primitive stem cells, osteogenic cells, that give rise to the osteoblasts.<\/p>\n

              The periosteum is richly supplied with nerve fibres, lymphatic vessels and blood vessels. Internal bone surfaces are covered with a delicate connective tissue membrane called the endosteum. The endosteum covers the trabeculae of spongy bone and lines the canals that pass through the compact bone. It also contains both osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Between the epiphysis and diaphysis epiphyseal plate or growth plate is present.<\/p>\n

              Question 14.
              \nWhat are joints?
              \nAnswer:
              \nThe joints are points of contact between bones.<\/p>\n

              Question 15.
              \nExplain the types of joints?
              \nAnswer:
              \n(I) Fibrous joints or Synarthroses: They are immovable fixed joints in which no movement between the bones is possible. Sutures of the flat skull bones are fibrous joints.<\/p>\n

              (II) Cartilaginous joints or Amphiarthroses: They are slightly movable joints in which the joint surfaces are separated by a cartilage and slight movement is only possible, e.g., Joints of adjacent vertebrae of the vertebral column.<\/p>\n

              (III) Synovial joints or Diarthroses joints: They are freely movable joints, the articulating bones are separated by a cavity which is filled with synovial fluid e.g., Pivot joint – between atlas and axis plane\/gliding joint – between the carpals<\/p>\n

                \n
              • Saddle j oint – between the carpal and metacarpal<\/li>\n
              • Ball and socket joint – between humerus and pectoral girdle<\/li>\n
              • Hinge joint – knee joint<\/li>\n
              • Condyloid or angular or ellipsoid-joint between radius and carpal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                Question 16.
                \nWrite a short note on myasthenia gravis?
                \nAnswer:
                \nMyasthenia gravis: An autoimmune disorder affecting the action of acetylcholine at neuromuscular junction leadihg to fatigue, weakening and paralysis of skeletal muscles. Acetylcholine receptors on the sarcolemma are blocked by antibodies leading to weakness of muscles. When the disease progresses, it can make chewing, swallowing, talking and even breathing difficult.<\/p>\n

                Question 17.
                \nExplain muscle fatigue?
                \nAnswer:
                \nMuscle fatigue is the inability of a muscle to contract after repeated muscle contractions. This is due to lack of ATP and accumulation of lactic acid by anaerobic breakdown of glucose.<\/p>\n

                Question 18.
                \nExplain muscle atrophy?
                \nAnswer:
                \nA decline or cessation of muscular activity results in the condition called atrophy which results in the reduction in the size of the muscle and makes the muscle to become weak, which occurs with lack of usage as in chronic bedridden patients.<\/p>\n

                Question 19.
                \nWrite a short note on muscle pull?
                \nAnswer:
                \nMuscle pull is actually a muscle tear. A traumatic pulling of the fibres produces a tear known as sprain. This can occur due to sudden stretching of muscle beyond the point of elasticity. Back pain is a common problem caused by muscle pull due to improper posture with static sitting for long hours.<\/p>\n

                Question 20.
                \nWrite a short note on muscular dystrophy?
                \nAnswer:
                \nThe group of diseases collectively called the muscular dystrophy are associated with the progressive degeneration of skeletal muscle fibres, weakening the muscles and leading to death from lung or heart failure. The most common form of muscular dystrophy is called ‘ Duchene Muscular Dystrophy (DMD).<\/p>\n

                Question 21.
                \nExplain the disorders of skeletal system?
                \nAnswer:
                \nArthritis and osteoporosis are the major disorders of skeletal system.
                \n1. Arthritis: Arthritis is an inflammatory or degenerative disease that damages the joints. There are several types of arthritis.<\/p>\n

                (I) Osteoarthritis: The bone ends of the knees and other freely movable joints wear away as a person ages. The joints of knees, hip, fingers and vertebral column are affected.<\/p>\n

                (II) Rheumatoid arthritis: The synovial membranes become inflamed and there is an accumulation of fluid in the joints. The joints swell and become extremely painful. It can begin at any age but symptoms usually emerge before the age of fifty.<\/p>\n

                (III) Gouty arthritis or gout: Inflammation of joints due to accumulation of uric acid crystals or inability to excrete it. It gets deposited in synovial joints.<\/p>\n

                2. Osteoporosis: It occurs due to deficiency of vitamin D and hormonal imbalance. The bone becomes soft and fragile. It causes rickets in children and osteomalacia in adult females. It can be minimized with adequate calcium intake, vitamin D intake and regular physical. activities.<\/p>\n

                Question 22.
                \nExplain the basic categories of exercise and physical activity?
                \nAnswer:
                \nExercise and physical activity fall into four basic categories. Endurance, strength, balance and flexibility. Endurance or aerobic activities increase the breathing and heart rate. They keep the circulatory system healthy and improve overall fitness.<\/p>\n

                Strength exercises make the muscles stronger. They help to stay independent and cany out everyday activities such as climbing stairs and carrying bags.<\/p>\n

                Balance exercises help to prevent falls which is a common problem in older adults. Many strengthening exercises also improves balance.<\/p>\n

                Flexibility exercises help to stretch body muscles for more freedom of joint movements.<\/p>\n

                Believing that the Samacheer Kalvi 11th Biology Book Solutions Questions and Answers learning resource will definitely guide you at the time of preparation. For more details about Tamilnadu State 11th Bio Zoology Chapter 9 Locomotion and Movement textbook solutions, ask us in the below comments and we\u2019ll revert back to you asap.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                Students who are in search of 11th Bio Zoology exam can download this Tamilnadu State Board Solutions for 11th Bio Zoology Chapter 9 Locomotion and Movement from here for free of cost. These cover all Chapter 9 Locomotion and Movement Questions and Answers, PDF, Notes, Summary. Download the Samacheer Kalvi 11th Biology Book Solutions Questions …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15488"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15488"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15488\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":60912,"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15488\/revisions\/60912"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15488"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15488"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15488"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}