{"id":11374,"date":"2024-01-22T06:05:23","date_gmt":"2024-01-22T00:35:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wordpress-505192-1602719.cloudwaysapps.com\/?p=11374"},"modified":"2024-01-23T16:12:00","modified_gmt":"2024-01-23T10:42:00","slug":"samacheer-kalvi-12th-computer-science-solutions-chapter-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/samacheer-kalvi-12th-computer-science-solutions-chapter-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Samacheer Kalvi 12th Computer Science Solutions Chapter 2 Data Abstraction"},"content":{"rendered":"

Students can Download Computer Science Chapter 2 Data Abstraction Questions and Answers, Notes Pdf, Samacheer Kalvi 12th Computer Science Book Solutions<\/a> Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.<\/p>\n

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 12th Computer Science Solutions Chapter 2 Data Abstraction<\/h2>\n

Samacheer Kalvi 12th Computer Science Data Abstraction Text Book Back Questions and Answers<\/h3>\n

PART – I<\/span>
\nI. Choose The Best Answer<\/span><\/p>\n

Question 1.
\nWhich of the following functions that build the abstract data type?
\n(a) Constructors
\n(b) Destructors
\n(c) Recursive
\n(d) Nested
\nAnswer:
\n(a) Constructors<\/p>\n

Question 2.
\nWhich of the following functions that retrieve information from the data type?
\n(a) Constructors
\n(b) Selectors
\n(c) Recursive
\n(d) Nested
\nAnswer:
\n(b) Selectors<\/p>\n

\"Samacheer<\/p>\n

Question 3.
\nThe data structure which is a mutable ordered sequence of elements is called ………………………
\n(a) Built in
\n(b) List
\n(c) Tuple
\n(d) Derived data
\nAnswer:
\n(b) List<\/p>\n

Question 4.
\nA sequence of immutable objects is called ………………………
\n(a) Built in
\n(b) List
\n(c) Tuple
\n(d) Derived data
\nAnswer:
\n(c) Tuple<\/p>\n

Question 5.
\nThe data type whose representation is known are called ………………………
\n(a) Built in data type
\n(b) Derived data type
\n(c) Concrete data type
\n(d) Abstract data type
\nAnswer:
\n(c) Concrete data type<\/p>\n

\"Samacheer<\/p>\n

Question 6.
\nThe data type whose representation is unknown are called ………………………
\n(a) Built in data type
\n(b) Derived data type
\n(c) Concrete data type
\n(d) Abstract datatype
\nAnswer:
\n(d) Abstract datatype<\/p>\n

Question 7.
\nWhich of the following is a compound structure?
\n(a) Pair
\n(b) Triplet
\n(c) Single
\n(d) Quadrat
\nAnswer:
\n(a) Pair<\/p>\n

\"Samacheer<\/p>\n

Question 8.
\nBundling two values together into one can be considered as ………………………
\n(a) Pair
\n(b) Triplet
\n(c) Single
\n(d) Quadrant
\nAnswer:
\n(a) Pair<\/p>\n

Question 9.
\nWhich of the following allow to name the various parts of a multi – item object?
\n(a) Tuples
\n(b) Lists
\n(c) Classes
\n(d) quadrats
\nAnswer:
\n(c) Classes<\/p>\n

\"Samacheer<\/p>\n

Question 10.
\nWhich of the following is constructed by placing expressions within square brackets?
\n(a) Tuples
\n(b) Lists
\n(c) Classes
\n(d) Quadrats
\nAnswer:
\n(b) Lists<\/p>\n

PART – II<\/span>
\nII. Answer The Following Questions<\/span><\/p>\n

Question 1.
\nWhat is abstract data type?
\nAnswer:
\nAbstract Data type (ADT) is a type (or class) for objects whose behavior is defined by a set of value and a set of operations. The definition of ADT only mentions what operations are to be performed but not how these operations will be implemented.<\/p>\n

\"Samacheer<\/p>\n

Question 2.
\nDifferentiate constructors and selectors?
\nAnswer:
\nConstructors are functions that build the abstract data type. Selectors are functions that retrieve information from the data type.
\nTo create a city object, you\u2019d use a function like
\ncity = makecity (name, lat, Ion)
\nTo extract the information of a city object, you would use functions like
\ngetname (city)<\/p>\n

\"Samacheer<\/p>\n

Question 3.
\nWhat is a Pair? Give an example?
\nAnswer:
\nPair is a compound structure which is made up of list or Tuple.
\nlst[(0, 10), (1, 20)] -where
\n\"Samacheer
\nAny way of bundling two values together into one can be considered as a pair. Lists are a common method to do so. Therefore List can be called as Pairs.<\/p>\n

Question 4.
\nWhat is a List? Give an example?
\nAnswer:
\nList is constructed by placing expressions within square brackets separated by commas. Example for List is [10, 20].<\/p>\n

\"Samacheer<\/p>\n

Question 5.
\nWhat is a Tuple? Give an example?
\nAnswer:
\nA tuple is a comma-separated sequence of values surrounded with parentheses. Tuple is similar to a list. The difference between the two is that you cannot change the elements of a tuple once it is assigned whereas in a list, elements can be changed.
\nExample colour = (‘red’, ‘blue’, ‘Green’)<\/p>\n

PART – III<\/span>
\nIII. Answer The Following Questions<\/span><\/p>\n

Question 1.
\nDifferentiate Concrete data type and abstract datatype?
\nAnswer:
\nConcrete data type:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. A concrete data type is a data type whose representation is known.<\/li>\n
  2. Concrete data types or structures (CDT’s) are direct implementations of a relatively simple concept.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Abstract data type:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Abstract data type the representation of a data type is unknown.<\/li>\n
    2. Abstract Data Types (ADT’s) offer a high level view (and use) of a concept independent of its implementation.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \"Samacheer<\/p>\n

      Question 2.
      \nWhich strategy is used for program designing? Define that Strategy?
      \nAnswer:
      \nWe are using here a powerful strategy for designing programs: \u2018wishful thinking\u2019.
      \nWishful Thinking is the formation of beliefs and making decisions according to what might be pleasing to imagine instead of by . appealing to reality.<\/p>\n

      Question 3.
      \nIdentify Which of the following are constructors and selectors?
      \nAnswer:
      \n(a) N1 = number ( ) – constructors
      \n(b) Accetnum (n1) – selectors
      \n(c) Displaynum (n1) – selectors
      \n(d) eval (a\/b) – selectors
      \n(e) x, y = makeslope(m), makeslope (n) – constructors
      \n(f) display O – selectors<\/p>\n

      \"Samacheer<\/p>\n

      Question 4.
      \nWhat are the different ways to access the elements of a list. Give example?
      \nAnswer:
      \nList is constructed by placing expressions within square brackets separated by commas. Example for List is [10, 20].
      \nThe elements of a list can be accessed in two ways. The first way is via our familiar method of multiple assignment, which unpacks a list into its elements and binds each element to a different name.
      \n1st: = [10, 20]
      \nx, y: = 1st
      \nIn the above example x will become 10 and y will become 20.
      \nA second method for accessing the elements in a list is by the element selection operator, also expressed using square brackets. Unlike a list literal, a square – brackets expression directly following another expression does not evaluate to a list value, but instead selects an element from the value of the preceding expression.
      \n1st [0]
      \n10
      \n1st [1]
      \n20<\/p>\n

      \"Samacheer<\/p>\n

      Question 5.
      \nIdentify Which of the following are List, Tuple and class?
      \n(a) arr [1, 2, 34]
      \n(b) arr (1, 2, 34)
      \n(c) student [rno, name, mark]
      \n(d) day = (\u2018sun\u2019, \u2018mon\u2019, \u2018tue\u2019, \u2018wed\u2019)
      \n(e) x= [2, 5, 6.5, [5,6], 8.2]
      \n(f) employee [eno, ename, esal, eaddress]
      \nAnswer:
      \nList: (a) arr [1, 2, 34]
      \n(e) x= [2, 5, 6.5, [5,6], 8.2]
      \nTuple: (b) arr (1, 2, 34)
      \n(d) day = (\u2018sun\u2019, \u2018mon\u2019, \u2018tue\u2019, \u2018wed\u2019)
      \nClass: (c) student [mo, name, mark]
      \n(f) employee [eno, ename, esal, eaddress]<\/p>\n

      PART – IV<\/span>
      \nIV. Answer The Following Questions<\/span><\/p>\n

      Question 1.
      \nHow will you facilitate data abstraction. Explain it with suitable example?
      \nAnswer:
      \nThe definition of ADT only mentions what operations are to be performed but not how these operations will be implemented. It does not specify how data will be organized in memory and what algorithms will be used for implementing the operations. It is called \u201cabstract\u201d because it gives an implementation independent view. The process of providing only the essentials and hiding the details is known as abstraction.
      \nTo facilitate data abstraction, you will need to create two types of functions.<\/p>\n

      constructors and selectors:
      \nConstructors are functions that build the abstract data type. Selectors are functions that retrieve information from the data type.
      \nTo create a city object, you\u2019d use a function like city = makecity (name, lat, Ion)
      \nTo extract the information of a city object, you would use functions like<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. getname(city)<\/li>\n
      2. getlat(city)<\/li>\n
      3. getlon(city)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        In the above pseudo code the function which creates the object of the city is the constructor, city = makecity (name, lat, Ion)
        \nHere makecity (name, lat, Ion) is the constructor which creates the object city.
        \n\"Samacheer
        \nSelectors are nothing but the functions that retrieve information from the data type. Therefore in the above code<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. getname(city)<\/li>\n
        2. getlat(city)<\/li>\n
        3. getlon(city)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          are the selectors because these functions extract the information of the city object.
          \n\"Samacheer
          \nData abstraction is supported by defining an abstract data type (ADT), which is a collection of constructors and selectors. Constructors create an object, bundling together different pieces of information, while selectors extract individual pieces of information from the object.<\/p>\n

          \"Samacheer<\/p>\n

          Question 2.
          \nWhat is a List? Why List can be called as Pairs. Explain with suitable example?
          \nAnswer:
          \nList is constructed by placing expressions within square brackets separated by commas. Example for List is [10, 20],
          \nThe elements of a list can be accessed in two ways. The first way is via our familiar method of multiple assignment, which unpacks a list into its elements and binds each element to a different name.
          \n1st: = [10, 20]
          \nx, y: = 1st
          \nIn the above example x will become 10 and y will become 20.
          \nA second method for accessing the elements in a list is by the element selection operator, also expressed using square brackets. Unlike a list literal, a square – brackets expression directly following another expression does not evaluate to a list value, but instead selects an element from the value of the preceding expression.
          \n1st [0]
          \n10
          \n1st [1]
          \n20
          \nIn both the example mentioned above mathematically we can represent list similar to a set.
          \n1st [(0, 10), (1, 20)] – where
          \n\"Samacheer
          \nAny way of bundling two values together into one can be considered as a pair. Lists are a common method to do so. Therefore List can be called as Pairs.<\/p>\n

          \"Samacheer<\/p>\n

          Question 3.
          \nHow will you access the multi – item. Explain with example?
          \nAnswer:
          \nList allow data abstraction in that you can give a name to a set of memory cells. For instance, in the game Mastermind, you must keep track of a list of four colors that the player guesses. Instead of using four separate variables (color 1, color2, color3, and color4) you can use a single variable \u2018Predict\u2019, e.g.,
          \nPredict = [‘red’, ‘blue’, ‘green’, \u2019green\u2019]
          \nWhat lists do not allow us to do is name the various parts of a multi- item object. In the case of a Predict, you don’t really need to name the parts:
          \nusing an index to get to each color suffices.
          \nBut in the case of something more complex, like a person, we have a multi – item object where each ‘item’ is a named thing: the firstName, the last Name, the id, and the email. One could use a list to represent a person.
          \n\"Samacheer
          \nPerson = [‘Padmashri’, ‘Baskar’, ‘994 – 222 – 1234’, ‘compsci@gmail.com’]
          \nbut such a representation doesn’t explicitly specify what each part represents.
          \nFor this problem instead of using a list, you can use the structure constmct (In OOP languages it’s called class construct) to represent multi-part objects where each part is named (given a name). Consider the following pseudo code:
          \nclass Person:
          \ncreation( )
          \nfirstName: = “”
          \nlastName: = ” ”
          \nid: = ” ”
          \nemail : = “”
          \nThe new data type Person is pictorially represented as
          \n\"Samacheer
          \nThe class (structure) constmct defines the form for multi – part objects that represent a person. Its defintion adds a new data type, in this case a type named Person. Once defined, we can create new variables (instances) of the type. In this example Person is referred to as a class or a type, while p1 is referred to as an object or an instance. You can think of class Person as a cookie cutter, and p1 as a particular cookie. Using the cookie cutter you can make many cookies. Same way using class you can create many objects of that type.<\/p>\n

          Samacheer kalvi 12th Computer Science Data Abstraction Additional Questions and Answers<\/h3>\n

          PART – 1<\/span>
          \nI. Choose The Best Answer<\/span><\/p>\n

          Question 1.
          \nHow many types of functions are needed to facilitate abstraction?
          \n(a) 1
          \n(b) 2
          \n(c) 3
          \n(d) 4
          \nAnswer:
          \n(b) 2<\/p>\n

          \"Samacheer<\/p>\n

          Question 2.
          \nADT stands for …………………………..
          \n(a) Advanced Data Typing
          \n(b) Application Developing Tool
          \n(c) Abstract data types
          \n(d) Advanced data types
          \nAnswer:
          \n(c) Abstract data types<\/p>\n

          Question 3.
          \nThe Splitting of program into many modules are called as ……………………………
          \n(a) Modularity
          \n(b) Structures
          \n(c) Classes
          \n(d) List
          \nAnswer:
          \n(a) Modularity<\/p>\n

          \"Samacheer<\/p>\n

          Question 4.
          \n……………………………. are the representation for ADT.
          \n(a) List
          \n(b) Classes
          \n(c) Int
          \n(d) Float
          \nAnswer:
          \n(b) Classes<\/p>\n

          Question 5.
          \nLinked list are of …………………………..
          \n(a) Single
          \n(b) Double
          \n(c) Multiple
          \n(d) Both a and b
          \nAnswer:
          \n(d) Both a and b<\/p>\n

          \"Samacheer<\/p>\n

          Question 6.
          \nThe process of providing only the essentials and hiding the details is known as …………………………..
          \n(a) Modularity
          \n(b) Structure
          \n(c) Tuple
          \n(d) Abstraction
          \nAnswer:
          \n(d) Abstraction<\/p>\n

          Question 7.
          \nIdentify the constructor from the following
          \n(a) City = makecity(name, lat, lon)
          \n(b) getname(city)
          \n(c) getlat(city)
          \n(d) getlon(city)
          \nAnswer:
          \n(a) City = makecity(name, lat, lon)<\/p>\n

          \"Samacheer<\/p>\n

          Question 8.
          \n: = is called as …………………………..
          \n(a) Assigned as
          \n(b) Becomes
          \n(c) Both a and b
          \n(d) None of these
          \nAnswer:
          \n(c) Both a and b<\/p>\n

          Question 9.
          \nIn list 1st [(0, 10), (1, 20)] – 0 and 1 represents …………………………..
          \n(a) Value
          \n(b) Index
          \n(c) List identifier
          \n(d) Tuple
          \nAnswer:
          \n(b) Index<\/p>\n

          \"Samacheer<\/p>\n

          Question 10.
          \nHow many ways of representing pair data type are there?
          \n(a) 1
          \n(b) 2
          \n(c) 3
          \n(d) 4
          \nAnswer:
          \n(b) 2<\/p>\n

          Question 11.
          \nnums [1] represent that you are accessing ………………………….. element.
          \n(a) 0
          \n(b) 1
          \n(c) 2
          \n(d) 3
          \nAnswer:
          \n(b) 1<\/p>\n

          \"Samacheer<\/p>\n

          Question 12.
          \nnums [1] indicate that we are accessing ………………………….. element.
          \n(a) 0
          \n(b) 1
          \n(c) 2
          \n(d) many
          \nAnswer:
          \n(c) 2<\/p>\n

          Question 13.
          \nHow many objects can be created from a class?
          \n(a) 0
          \n(b) 1
          \n(c) 2
          \n(d) many
          \nAnswer:
          \n(d) many<\/p>\n

          PART – II<\/span>
          \nII. Answer The Following Questions<\/span><\/p>\n

          Question 1.
          \nWhat are the two parts of a program?
          \nAnswer:
          \nThe two parts of a program are, the part that operates on abstract data and the part that defines a concrete representation.<\/p>\n

          \"Samacheer<\/p>\n

          Question 2.
          \nGive the pseudo code to represent a rational number as a pair of two integers?
          \nAnswer:
          \nYou can now represent a rational number as a pair of two integers in pseudo code: a numerator and a denominator.
          \nrational (n, d):
          \nreturn [n, d]
          \nnumer (x):
          \nreturn x [0]
          \ndenom (x):
          \nreturn x [1]<\/p>\n

          Question 3.
          \nWhat are the two ways of representing the pair data type?
          \nAnswer:
          \nTwo ways of representing the pair data type. The first way is using List construct and the second way to implement pairs is with the tuple construct.<\/p>\n

          \"Samacheer<\/p>\n

          Question 4.
          \nDifferentiate tuple and list?
          \nList:
          \nIn List square bracket is used.<\/p>\n

          Tuple:
          \nIn Tuple parenthesis is used.<\/p>\n

          Question 5.
          \nGive an example for representation of Tuple as a pair?
          \nAnswer:
          \nRepresentation of Tuple as a Pair
          \nnums : = (1, 2)
          \nnums [0]
          \n1
          \nnums [1]
          \n2<\/p>\n

          \"Samacheer<\/p>\n

          Question 6.
          \nDefine class?
          \nAnswer:
          \nA class as bundled data and the functions that work on that data.<\/p>\n

          PART – III<\/span>
          \nIII. Answer The Following Questions<\/span><\/p>\n

          Question 1.
          \nGive the pseudo code to compute the distance between two city objects?
          \nAnswer:
          \nThe following pseudo code will compute the distance between two city objects:
          \ndistance(city 1, city2):
          \n1t1, 1g1: = getlat (city1), getlon (city1)
          \n1t2, 1g2: = getlat (city2), getlon (city2)
          \nreturn ((1t1 – 1t2) ** 2 + (1g1 – 1g2) ** 2)1\/2<\/sup><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Students can Download Computer Science Chapter 2 Data Abstraction Questions and Answers, Notes Pdf, Samacheer Kalvi 12th Computer Science Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations. Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 12th Computer Science Solutions Chapter 2 Data Abstraction Samacheer Kalvi 12th …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11374"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11374"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11374\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":60405,"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11374\/revisions\/60405"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11374"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11374"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/samacheerkalviguru.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11374"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}